KR20060103169A - Heat pump type hot water supply device - Google Patents

Abstract

An object of the present invention is a heat pump hot water heater capable of directly hot water heating while replenishing hot water from a hot water tank at the start of operation. In addition, it takes time to operate tank bottom water for the next start, and it may interfere with hot water use in the meantime.

In the present invention, the temperature of the air heat exchanger is detected and the defrosting start temperature and the defrosting required temperature lower than the defrosting start temperature are set. When the temperature is lower than the defrosting required temperature, alarm display is performed, the defrosting operation is given priority, and the tank water storage operation is performed, and then the operation is stopped.

Heat Pump Water Heater, Water Tank, Air Heat Exchanger, Pressure Reducing Valve, Water Level Sensor

Description

Heat Pump Water Heater {HEAT PUMP TYPE HOT WATER SUPPLY DEVICE}

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram showing an embodiment of a schematic configuration of a heat pump refrigerant circuit, a hot water supply circuit, operation control means, and components in a heat pump water heater of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a flow chart showing an embodiment of the checking operation during installation and piping connection in the heat pump water heater of the present invention.

Fig. 3 is a flowchart showing one embodiment of operation during tank bottom water operation in the heat pump water heater of the present invention.

Fig. 4 is a flow chart showing an embodiment of operation at the time of using cold / hot water in the heat pump water heater of the present invention.

Fig. 5 is a temperature diagram showing one embodiment of set values of the outside air temperature, the temperature of the air heat exchanger, the defrost start temperature, and the defrost required temperature in the heat pump water heater of the present invention.

Fig. 6 is a flowchart showing an embodiment of an operation during bathing in automatic bathing water.

Fig. 7 is a flowchart showing one embodiment of an operation during warming bath water in automatic bath water operation.

<Explanation of symbols for the main parts of the drawings>

1a, 1b: compressor

1c, 1d: pressure sensor

2: refrigerant heat exchanger

2a, 2b: refrigerant heat transfer tube

2c, 2d: water supply side heat pipe

2e: water heat exchanger thermistor

3a, 3b: decompression device

4a, 4b: air heat exchanger

2c, 2d: air heat exchange thermistor

5: water supply member

6: pressure reducing valve

7: water supply water sensor

8: water storage tank

8a to 8d: tank thermistor

9: inflight circulation pump

10: water supply check valve

11: heat exchanger quantity sensor

12: hot water mixing valve

12a: Mixing Temperature Thermistor

13: hot and cold water mixing valve

14: flow control valve

15: kitchen tapping member

16: kitchen faucet

17: bath water pouring valve

18: flow switch

19: bath water circulation pump

20: tapping member

21: bath water circulation adapter

22: bathtub

22a: water level sensor

23: heat exchanger for bath water

23a: hot water heat pipe

23b: bath water heating tube

24: bath water tapping member

25: hot and cold water opening and closing valve

26: bath water faucet

27: shower

28: escape valve

30: heat pump refrigerant circuit

40: hot water circuit

50: driving control means

51: Kitchen Remote Control

52: bath water remote control

[Document 1] Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2003-240339

TECHNICAL FIELD This invention relates to the improvement of usability in the low temperature frosting condition of a heat pump water heater.

Conventional heat pump water heaters are equipped with large storage tanks of about 300 L to 500 L, similar to electric water heaters, and heat pumps are operated at night using low-cost discounted electricity to boil hot water and store them in the storage tanks. It was common to have the low boiling type | system | group which uses the stored hot water daytime.

In recent years, by installing a hot water tank circuit for hot water supply from a hot water tank at the start of operation and a direct hot water circuit for hot water directly heated by a heat pump operation, the hot water pump operation is occasionally performed when hot water is used in a water use terminal such as a faucet. The instantaneous heat pump hot water supply machine which directly heats heated hot water to a water use terminal is proposed.

As such an instantaneous heat pump gold water heater, there is one disclosed in Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2003-240339 (Patent Document 1).

In addition, the hot water of a storage tank is used at the start of operation, and when a hot water temperature of a tank falls after completion | finish of hot water supply, a heat pump cycle is operated, and when a hot water of a storage tank reaches predetermined temperature, operation stops.

[Patent Document 1] Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2003-240339

In the heat pump water heater disclosed in Patent Literature 1, when a long-term heat pump operation such as a bath water hot water supply (pouring) is performed at a low temperature during the winter, frost may adhere to the entire surface of the air heat exchanger even though it depends on the outside air temperature. In such a case, if the tank bottom water operation for additionally heating the tank hot water is performed after the end of the hot water supply, the heating capacity is deteriorated due to the concept of the air heat exchanger, and thus, a long time is required for the tank water bottom operation. In addition, when the hot water tank could not be further heated and the next hot water supply was started, there was a possibility that it would interfere with tapping.

That is, when tank storage operation is performed in the state where frost is attached to the air heat exchanger which collects heat from the outside air, frosting progresses gradually and it becomes a freezing state. As a result, the performance of the air heat exchanger is further deteriorated, and the heating capacity is remarkably lowered even if the heat pump is continuously operated from, for example, bath water supply with additional tank heating.

For example, if the shower is used within a short time after the end of the bath water hot water supply when the outdoor air temperature is low in winter, the air heat exchanger is in a frosted state, which is likely to cause a lack of hot water and low temperature tapping.

An object of the present invention is to provide a heat pump hot water heater which minimizes the effect of lowering of heating ability due to frosting and improves the ease of use.

In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the heat pump water heater of the present invention detects the temperature of the air heat exchanger, and has a defrost start temperature indicating a state in which frost is attached and requires defrost operation, and a defrost required temperature lower than the defrost start temperature. Set in advance. The defrosting required temperature is a temperature at which the heating capacity is remarkably lowered if frost is accumulated considerably and defrosting operation is not given priority.

The heat pump water heater of the present invention is a heat pump water heater having a boiling water tank provided with these defrosting start temperatures and defrosting required temperatures, and by determining the temperature of the air heat exchanger at the time of low temperature in winter as a temperature, and performing operation control suitable for the state of landing. It is to achieve the above object.

The invention according to claim 1 is a heat pump refrigerant circuit in which a compressor, a water refrigerant heat exchanger for exchanging heat with water and refrigerant, a decompression device, and an air heat exchanger for exchanging air and refrigerant are sequentially connected through a refrigerant pipe, A hot water supply circuit comprising a water storage tank for storing the hot water heated by the water refrigerant heat exchanger, the water refrigerant heat exchanger, a hot / cold water mixing valve, a flow regulating valve, and a water pipe connecting these parts, and the temperature of the air heat exchanger The defrosting start temperature and the defrosting required temperature lower than the defrosting start temperature are set in advance, and when the temperature of the air heat exchanger is within the range between the defrosting start temperature and the defrosting required temperature, the tank boiling water is performed after the end of the hot water supply operation. After defrosting the air heat exchanger, the temperature of the air heat exchanger is required to defrost. In the case of a lower temperature, it has control means for performing tank bottom water after completion of hot water supply operation | movement, and after performing defrost of the said air heat exchanger.

As a result, the defrosting control temperature is determined in accordance with the temperature of the air heat exchanger by setting the defrosting required temperature for immediate defrosting operation in addition to the defrosting start temperature, which is a normal frosting state, by determining the frost state of the air heat exchanger as the temperature. By providing a control means for changing the start time of defrosting operation, the user does not have to consider the correspondence, and operation control suitable for an frost state can be performed, and the usability at the time of a low temperature in winter can be improved.

In the invention according to claim 2, in addition to claim 1, the hot water supply circuit includes a direct hot water supply circuit for hot water directly heated by a water refrigerant heat exchanger to a water use terminal, and a tank for hot water supply from the water storage tank to the water use terminal. It has a hot water supply circuit, and it becomes possible to supplement the heating delay at the start of a heat pump operation with tank hot water supply, and can integrate a water storage unit and a heat pump unit by the drastic miniaturization of a water storage tank, and the order of Claim 1 The effect in a snack type heat pump water heater can be made more remarkable.

Next, in accordance with the third aspect of the present invention, in addition to claim 1, since the defrost required temperature is a plurality of temperatures set corresponding to the ambient temperature, the lower the ambient temperature, the lower the absolute humidity. By setting the defrosting required temperature low in response to the ambient temperature, it is possible to perform operation control in accordance with the amount of implantation, and to avoid prioritizing defrosting operation without priority, and provide a defrosting necessary control means which is more convenient to use. .

Next, according to the fourth aspect of the present invention, in addition to claim 1, the defrosting necessary control means performs alarm display by displaying a letter or blinking a letter when the defrosting required temperature reaches a defrosting temperature. It can be seen visually that it is in a necessary state, and even if a decrease in the amount of hot water supply occurs, there is no anxiety, and a response such as prolonging the use of the hot water supply can be achieved.

Next, the invention according to claim 5 is, in addition to claim 1, the defrosting necessary control means performs an alarm display by voice when the defrosting required temperature reaches a defrosting condition. Therefore, the user has a large amount of frosting and needs to give priority to defrosting operation. It can be understood by voice, and it is convenient to know without looking at the display of the kitchen remote control, etc., and it is possible to cope with the reduction of anxiety about the decrease in the amount of hot water supply and the use of the hot water supply for a little longer.

EMBODIMENT OF THE INVENTION Hereinafter, the Example of this invention is described using drawing.

(First embodiment)

A heat pump water heater, which is an embodiment of the present invention shown in FIG. 1, includes a heat pump refrigerant circuit 30, a hot water supply circuit 40, and operation control means 50. As shown in FIG.

The heat pump refrigerant circuit 30 is a two-cycle system having two parts, and the refrigerant-side heat transfer tubes 2a and 2b disposed in the compressors 1a and 1b, the water refrigerant heat exchanger 2, and the pressure reducing device 3a, 3b) and the air heat exchanger 4a, 4b are connected in order through the refrigerant | coolant piping, respectively, and the refrigerant | coolant is enclosed in the refrigerant circuit 30. FIG.

The compressors 1a and 1b are capable of volume control, and operate at a large capacity when a large amount of hot water is supplied. Here, the compressors 1a and 1b are controlled from low speed (e.g. 700 revolutions per minute) to high speed (e.g. 7000 revolutions per minute) by PWM control, voltage control (e.g. PAM control) and combination control thereof. The rotation speed is controlled.

The water refrigerant heat exchanger (2) is provided with refrigerant side heat transfer tubes (2a, 2b) and water supply side heat transfer tubes (2c, 2d), and exchanges heat between the refrigerant side heat transfer tubes (2a, 2b) and the water supply side heat transfer tubes (2c, 2d). Is done.

Generally as the pressure reduction apparatuses 3a and 3b, an electric expansion valve is used to depressurize the medium temperature high pressure refrigerant conveyed via the water refrigerant heat exchanger 2, and as the low pressure refrigerant which is easy to evaporate, the air heat exchangers 4a and 4b. Transfer to). Further, the pressure reducing devices 3a and 3b change the amount of throttling of the refrigerant passage to adjust the amount of circulation of the refrigerant in the heat pump circuit, but the amount of medium temperature refrigerant is largely transferred to the air heat exchangers 4a and 4b with the amount of throttling being fully open. It also plays the role of a defrosting device to transfer and melt frost.

In addition, the air heat exchangers 4a and 4b are provided on the outer surface of the main body to function as an air coolant heat exchanger that performs heat exchange between the outside air and the refrigerant by ventilation of a fan (not shown).

The hot water supply circuit 40 includes a water circulation circuit for performing direct hot water supply, tank bottom water supply, tank hot water supply, bath water holding, and bath water additional heating.

The direct hot water circuit has a water supply pipe and a hot water supply pipe. The water supply pipe is connected to a water supply member 5 to be connected to a water supply pipe that is a water supply source external to a device such as tap water, and to the water supply side heat transfer tubes 2c and 2d of the water refrigerant heat exchanger 2. The hot water supply pipe is connected to the water supply side heat transfer tubes 2c and 2d of the water refrigerant heat exchanger 2 and the kitchen tapping member 15 connected to the kitchen faucet 16, which is one of the tapping terminals outside the apparatus, through the pipe. .

In the middle of this water supply pipe, the pressure reducing valve 6, the water supply water quantity sensor 7 which measures the quantity of water supplied, the water supply check valve 10, and the water heat exchange water quantity sensor 11 are provided in order.

Further, in the middle of the hot water supply pipe, the hot water mixing valve 12 for mixing hot water from the hot water tank 8, the hot and cold water mixing valve 13 for connecting with the water pipe branched from the water supply pipe, and the flow rate adjustment for adjusting the flow rate of hot and cold water The valve 14 is provided in order.

The pressure reducing valve 6 controls high water pressure with a fluctuation of about 200 to 500 kPa, for example, supplied from a water supply source of tap water to a constant water pressure suitable for use of about 170 kPa. The water supply check valve 10 prevents backflow by flowing water in only one direction.

In addition to the kitchen faucet 16, the kitchen tapping and dropping member 15 is connected to the bath water faucet 26, the shower 27, and the like so as to be able to hot water.

The tank bottom water circuit includes a bottom water tank (8), an in-flight circulation pump (9), a water heat exchange water quantity sensor (11), a water supply side heat transfer pipe (2c, 2d), a hot water mixing valve (12), and a bottom water tank (8). It is connected in order and is comprised.

The tank hot water supply circuit is branched from each of the water supply pipes and the hot water supply pipes described above, and the water storage tank 8 is connected to the water supply pipe via the water pipe before and after the check valve 10, and the hot water supply pipe and Is connected to the hot water mixing valve 12 via a water pipe. This circuit supplies hot water collected in the water storage tank 8 to the hot water supply pipe mainly by the water pressure of the water supplied.

The bath water adding circuit is common to the above-mentioned hot water supply circuit and the pipelines to the water supply pipe and the water supply side heat transfer tubes 2c and 2d. And it connects to the tapping-out member 20 which becomes an additional heating piping before the flow regulating valve 14 of a hot water supply piping. The bath water pouring pipe 17 includes a bath water pouring valve 17 that opens when pouring water into the bath 22, a flow switch 18 that detects the flow direction of water, a bath water circulation pump 19, and a hot water pouring member 20. In turn, they are connected. In addition, the hot-water tapping member 20 and the bath-water tapping member 24 are connected to the bathtub 22 via a bath-water circulation adapter 21.

At the time of bathing, the hot water supply from the hot water tank 8 to the bath 22 is also performed in a range where the hot water in the hot water tank 8 is not below the minimum required amount together with the direct hot water by the additional heating circuit. . Here, the minimum required amount is the amount of tank residual water left for the shower immediately after the completion of bathing.

The bath water additional heating circuit includes a bath 22, a bath water circulation adapter 21, a hot and cold water member 20, a bath water circulation pump 19, a flow switch 18, a bath water heat pipe 23b, a bath water hot water member 24, The bath water circulation adapter 21 and the bathtub 22 are connected in order through the water piping, and are comprised.

In addition, when the bath water is additionally heated, along with the water circulation of the bath water by the bath water additional heating circuit, the heat pump operation and the in-flight circulation pump 9 are operated to open / close the hot water heated by the water refrigerant heat exchanger 2. The valve 25 is circulated to the hot water heat exchanger tube 23a provided in the bath water heat exchanger 23, and the bath water is further heated by heat exchange between the hot water heat exchanger tube 23a and the bath water heat exchanger tube 23b.

Next, the operation control means 50 controls the operation / stop of the heat pump refrigerant circuit 30 and the rotation speed control of the compressors 1a and 1b by the operation setting of the kitchen remote control 51 and the bath water remote control 52. At the same time, the amount of refrigerant throttling of the pressure reducing devices 3a and 3b, the operation / stop of the in-flight circulation pump 9, the bath water circulation pump 19 and the hot water mixing valve 12, the hot and cold water mixing valve 13, the flow rate By controlling the regulating valve 14, the bath water pouring valve 17, and the cold / hot water opening / closing valve 25, the tank bottom water operation, direct hot water supply operation, tank hot water operation, bath water filling operation, bath water additional heating operation, and defrost operation are performed.

In addition, the operation control means 50 controls the rotation speed of the compressors 1a and 1b, and operates at a high rotation speed immediately after the start of operation in order to speed up the heating start time. Control to drive by water.

In addition, the operation control means 50 stops operation after the tank hot water operation is performed after the end of the hot water supply in the water use terminal, so that the tank is controlled every time so that hot water of a predetermined temperature is stored in the water tank. It has a means of driving low temperature.

In addition, tank storage operation after completion of the hot water supply is not performed every time, and it may be determined whether tank storage operation is necessary based on the temperature of the tank thermistors 8a to 8d.

In addition, the operation control means 50 detects the outside air temperature and the temperature of the air heat exchangers 4a and 4b at all times, and the defrost start temperature which indicates that it is in an implanted state and the defrost required temperature which indicates that defrost operation is necessary immediately. It is set and operated when it becomes below the defrost required temperature, and it has a defrost required control means which performs a character display, a flashing display, an alarm display by a voice, and operation control of defrosting priority on a remote control screen.

That is, at the end of the hot water supply operation, when the temperature of the air heat exchanger is higher than the defrost start temperature, the operation is stopped after the tank hot water operation is performed without performing the defrost operation after the end of the hot water supply, and within the range of the defrost start temperature and the defrost required temperature. If there is a hot water supply, after the tank is heated, defrosting operation is performed and operation stops. When the temperature of the air heat exchanger is lower than the defrosting required temperature, a text display, a flashing display, or an alarm display by voice is performed. After completion of the hot water supply, defrosting operation is first performed, and then tank storage operation is performed to stop operation.

In addition, when it exists in the range of the defrost start temperature and the defrost required temperature, after completion of hot water supply, it may be defrosted after a predetermined amount of water is stored in the water storage tank, and after the defrosting, the remaining amount of the water storage tank may be further watered. In this way, the tank storage and defrosting of the predetermined amount are terminated in a shorter time in consideration of the case of hot water again after the completion of the hot water supply.

Further, the heat pump water heater detects the water supply temperature of the water supply thermistor 7a for detecting the water supply temperature, the water heat exchange thermistor 2e for detecting the tapping temperature of the water refrigerant heat exchanger 2, and the water storage temperature of the water storage tank 8 Tank thermistors 8a, 8b, 8c, and 8d to be used, a mixed temperature thermistor 12a for detecting a mixing temperature of a hot water supply by a heat pump and a tank hot water from a water tank, and a hot water thermistor 14a for detecting a hot water temperature. , The bath water thermistor 18a for detecting the temperature of the bath water and the air heat exchange thermistors 4c and 4d for detecting the temperature of the air heat exchangers 4a and 4b, the air thermistor (not shown) and the compressor for detecting the outside air temperature ( Pressure sensors 1c and 1d for detecting the discharge pressure of 1a and 1b and water level sensors 22a for detecting the water level in the bathtub 22 are provided, and each detection signal is input to the driving control means 50. It is. The driving control means 50 controls each device based on these signals.

In addition, the hot water on-off valve 25 is installed between the water refrigerant heat exchanger (2) and the bath water heat exchanger (23) to close the water circuit except when the bath water is additionally heated, from the water refrigerant heat exchanger (2) to the bath water heat exchanger This is to prevent leakage of heat to (23).

In addition, the water supply check valve 10 flows water in only one direction to prevent backflow, and the escape valve 28 operates when the hot water pressure in the water storage tank 8 becomes a predetermined value or more. It acts as a pressure protection for water circuit components.

Next, the operation of the heat pump water heater will be described based on the flowcharts of FIGS. 2 to 7 with reference to the heat pump circuit 30 and the hot water supply circuit 40 of FIG.

Fig. 2 is an embodiment of a flowchart showing a necessary operation at the time of installation.

The heat pump water heater is transported from the manufacturing site and installed at an installation site desired by the user. The water supply member 5 is provided to a water supply source such as tap water, and the kitchen tapping member 15 is a kitchen faucet 16 and a bath water faucet 26. ), The shower member 27 is connected to the bath water circulation adapter 21, the bath water faucet 26 and the shower 27, and the bath water tapping member 24 is connected to the bath water circulation adapter 21, respectively. After opening (step 60), the kitchen faucet 16 or escape valve 28 is opened (step 61) for air deflation and the main coke of the water source is opened (step 62). In-flight water is started, and water is adjusted by the pressure reduction valve 6 to a predetermined pressure, and then it flows into the boiling water tank 8, the water refrigerant heat exchanger 2, and each water piping (step 63). After confirming that the cabin has become full due to the overflow of water from the faucets 16, 26 or the escape valve 28 (step 64), the faucet 16, 26 or the escape valve 28 is closed to It ends (step 65).

In addition, each equipment at the time of installation of a heat pump water heater is set to the following initial states. That is, the hot water mixing valve 12 and the cold / hot water mixing valve 13 are in a bidirectional open state, the flow regulating valve 14, the water open / close valve 25 are in an open state, and the bath water pouring valve 17 is in a closed state.

Next, the power switch is turned on (step 66) to carry out the bath water dipping operation (step 67).

The bath water pouring operation opens the bath water pouring valve 17 and waters the water until the bath overflows (step 68), and automatically calculates the capacity of the bath by the water level sensor 22a or the water supply water sensor 7 ( Step 69), the volume setting of the bath (step 70) is performed to utilize the bath water in the automatic bath water operation after the setting and to control the amount of hot water at the time of additional bath water heating. Therefore, the bath water dipping operation requires only one time when the heat pump water heater is installed.

3 is an embodiment of a flowchart showing a tank bottom operation operation of boiling water in a bottom tank.

When an instruction for tank water storage operation is generated by the control of the operation control means 50 (step 71), the water temperature and the amount of water storage are determined by the tank thermistors 8a to 8d (step 72). If low-cold water is used and the water temperature decreases below the prescribed value, the tank bottom water operation is started (step 73).

In this tank bottom water operation (step 73), operation of the compressors 1a and 1b is started, and the gaseous refrigerant in the compressors 1a and 1b is compressed and heated to be a high temperature and high pressure refrigerant and fed to the water refrigerant heat exchanger 2. . As a result, in the water refrigerant heat exchanger 2, the high temperature refrigerant flowing in the refrigerant-side heat transfer tubes 2a and 2b and the water flowing in the water supply-side heat transfer tubes 2c and 2d exchange heat to heat the refrigerant, and the water is heated. The heat-dissipated refrigerant is depressurized by the decompression devices 3a and 3b, expanded and evaporated in the air heat exchangers 4a and 4b to form a gaseous state, and is returned to the compressors 1a and 1b. By continuing this heat pump operation, the water passing through the water refrigerant heat exchanger 2 is heated.

In the heat pump operation, if the number of revolutions of the compressors 1a and 1b is increased and the amount of refrigerant throttling of the pressure reducing devices 3a and 3b is increased, the heating capacity is increased. Go down. On the contrary, by lowering the rotational speed of the compressors 1a and 1b and reducing the amount of refrigerant throttling of the pressure reducing devices 3a and 3b, the heating capacity is decreased, but the mechanical loss and the heat loss are reduced, so that the operation efficiency is relatively improved. That is, in heating operation by a heat pump, heating at low temperature over time improves heating efficiency.

For example, the direct hot water operation of boiling and hot water supply at a temperature of 42 ° C. can be referred to as a high efficiency operation rather than the tank water heating operation of boiling and boiling water at a high temperature of 60 ° C. or higher.

In the tank bottom water operation (step 73), the hot water mixing valve 12 opens the bottom water tank 8 side from the water refrigerant heat exchanger 2 side in the tank bottom water circuit together with the heat pump operation, and the cold / hot water mixing valve ( 13) The side is closed (step 73a), and the cold / hot water open / close valve 25 is closed (step 73b). In addition, the operation of the in-flight circulation pump 9 is started, and the in-flight circulation pump 9, the water heat exchange water quantity sensor 11, the water refrigerant heat exchanger 2, and the hot water mixing valve are discharged from the water outlet of the lower portion of the water storage tank 8. (12), the water circulates to the storage tank (8). Thereby, when the hot water heated by the water refrigerant heat exchanger 2 is heated from the upper part of the water storage tank 8, and the whole water storage tank 8 reaches the boiled state, it determines with completion of water storage (step 76), and operation Is stopped (step 77).

Moreover, tapping temperature determination (step 74) which determines whether the temperature of the heating water tapping out from the water refrigerant heat exchanger 2 is appropriate is performed by the water heat exchange thermistor 2e, and when tapping temperature is within a prescribed value, tank storage Operation is continued as it is (step 75), and when it is out of a prescribed value, tapping is carried out by control of the rotation speed of the compressors 1a and 1b, adjustment of the throttle amount of the decompression devices 3a and 3b, and rotation speed control of the in-flight circulation pump 9 The temperature is adjusted (step 74a).

The determination of the storage temperature and the amount of storage of water is performed by the tank thermistors 8a to 8d. When the whole of the tank thermistors 8a to 8d reaches the prescribed temperature, it is determined that the boiling water is completed and the operation is stopped, and the tank storage is completed (step). 77).

4 is an embodiment of a flowchart showing an operation in the case where the kitchen faucet 16 is opened and hot water is used.

When the kitchen faucet 16 is opened and the use of cold / hot water is started (step 80), the operation control means 50 starts the compressors 1a and 1b to start the operation of the heat pump circuit 30, and at the same time the water supply member ( 5), pressure reducing valve (6), water feed water sensor (7), water feed check valve (10), water heat exchange water flow sensor (11), water refrigerant heat exchanger (2), hot water mixing valve (12), hot and cold water mixing valve ( 13) The hot water supply operation (step 81) is performed by the hot water supply circuit of the flow regulating valve 14, the kitchen tapping member 15, and the kitchen faucet 16. At the same time, the water supply member 5, the pressure reducing valve 6, the water supply water sensor 7, the water storage tank 8, the hot water mixing valve 12, the hot and cold water mixing valve 13, the flow regulating valve 14, the kitchen tapping Tank hot water supply operation is performed by the hot water supply circuit of the member 15 and the kitchen faucet 16 (step 82).

Here, the heat pump refrigerant circuit 30 feeds the high temperature refrigerant compressed by the compressors 1a and 1b to the refrigerant side heat transfer tubes 2a and 2b of the water refrigerant heat exchanger 2 and supplies the water supply side heat transfer tubes 2c and 2d. Water flowing from the water is heated to the hot water mixing valve 12 side, but at the start of operation, the refrigerant supplied to the water refrigerant heat exchanger 2 cannot be sufficiently high temperature and high pressure, and thus the temperature is low, and the water refrigerant heat exchanger (2) Since the whole is cold, the heating capacity for heating water is not sufficient. As time passes, the refrigerant becomes high temperature and high pressure, and the amount of heat dissipation from the refrigerant generated accordingly increases, and the heating capacity to water increases.

In addition, since it takes several minutes until the heating capacity of the heat pump operation reaches a high temperature stable state, the operation control means 50 determines that the predetermined time until the high temperature stable state immediately after the start of operation reaches the high speed stable state. Although the start time of the water heating hot water supply operation can be shortened by controlling the operation at a higher rotation speed than usual, the predetermined time immediately after the start of operation is performed after the tank hot water supply operation (step 82) that supplies hot water from the boiling water tank is used in combination. The means 50 is operated to stop the tank hot water supply operation (step 84b), switch only to the direct hot water operation, and continue the hot water supply operation (step 85).

Specifically, the opening degree of the mixing valve 12 is adjusted so that the mixing temperature thermistor 12a becomes the target temperature. In other words, if the temperature of the direct hot water supply does not reach the target value, a tank hot water is added. If the temperature of the direct hot water supply reaches the target value, the hot water supply from the tank disappears and becomes a direct hot water supply.

In the meantime, the hot water supply thermistor 14a and the water supply water flow rate sensor 7 determine the hot water temperature and the flow rate (step 83), and adjust the temperature and the flow rate if it is outside the prescribed level (step 84a), and directly hot water within the prescribed temperature. The determination of the temperature is further made (step 84).

In the determination of the direct hot water supply temperature (step 84), the temperature flow rate adjustment of the heat pump operation (step 84a) when the heating temperature in the water refrigerant heat exchanger 2 is insufficient and the direct hot water temperature does not reach the prescribed temperature. ) Is used together with the tank hot water operation (step 82). In addition, when the heating temperature in the water refrigerant heat exchanger 2 becomes high enough to the hot water supply temperature, and the direct hot water temperature reaches the prescribed value, the tank hot water operation is stopped (step 84b), and the hot water hot water operation (step 81) alone is hot water. Continue (step 85).

Therefore, the role of the storage tank 8 is auxiliary at the start until the heating capacity of the heat pump operation reaches a temperature sufficient for the hot water temperature (typically 40 to 42 ° C), and the capacity of the heat pump refrigerant circuit 30 In particular, the larger the compressor output, the shorter the start time can be and the storage tank 8 can be made smaller.

In addition, in order to cope with simultaneous use of a plurality of places, such as adding hot water to the kitchen at the same time, the capacity of the compressor 8 is generally used as the hot water supply ability after heating and stability even when the tank hot water is used together at the start of operation. It is preferable to increase the size to about 20 kPa or more than about 5 kPa, which is not only necessary for the development of a new compressor, but also for the new development of each component of the heat pump refrigerant circuit 30, which is very difficult. Therefore, in the embodiment of the present invention, the two-cycle heat pump system 30a, 30b using two compressors about twice as large as the conventional compressor is used to secure the reliability of the conventional technology and performance. If this one is enough, the application and effect of the present invention will not change even in the one-cycle heat pump system.

Next, when the faucet is closed and the use of the hot and cold water is terminated (step 86), the tank hot water operation is stopped and the direct hot water operation is stopped only when the hot water operation is performed, and the tank hot water operation and the direct hot water operation are used together immediately after using the hot and cold water. In this case, both the hot water supply operation and the tank hot water operation are stopped (step 87).

In addition, the operation control means 50 detects and determines the temperature of the air heat exchangers 4a and 4b by the air heat exchange thermistors 4c and 4d, and performs the following operations, and then stops the heat pump operation.

First, at the time of stopping the hot water supply operation (step 87), when the temperature of the air heat exchangers 4a and 4b is equal to or higher than the defrosting start temperature, after the hot water supply operation is stopped, the tank water heating operation is performed without performing the defrosting operation (step 89a). The operation is stopped (step 90).

Next, when the temperature of the air heat exchangers 4a and 4b is between the defrosting start temperature and the defrosting required temperature, after the hot water supply operation stops, after the tank water storage operation is performed (step 89b), after the defrosting operation is performed (step 89c) Operation stops (step 90).

When the temperature of the air heat exchangers 4a and 4b is equal to or lower than the defrosting necessary temperature, the defrosting required control means displays an alarm indicating that defrosting is required by means of text display, flashing display or voice on the remote control operation surface (step) 89d), after the hot water supply operation stops, defrosting operation is performed (step 89e), and after the tank water storage operation is performed (step 89f), the operation is stopped (step 90).

Further, the tank bottom water operation is detected by the tank thermistors 8a to 8d to detect the temperature of the bottom water and the amount of water stored in the tank.

However, the detection of the tank bottom state by the tank thermistors 8a to 8d is always performed, and when both the hot water temperature and the hot water amount remain above a predetermined value even after the water heating / hot water supply operation stops for a very short time. It is determined that the water storage is completed, and the tank water storage operation (step 88) is not performed.

As described above, the operation control means 50 has a tank storage operation function every time that the tank storage operation (step 88) is performed until the storage is completed after the completion of the intended operation in all operations. In (8), hot water at a predetermined temperature is always stored in a predetermined amount or more, and the risk of lowering the hot water at the start of operation and running water off during use can be eliminated.

Fig. 5 is a temperature diagram for explaining the defrost start temperature, the defrost required temperature, and the defrost end temperature by means of an outside air temperature and an air heat exchanger temperature. The vertical axis represents the air heat exchanger temperature, the horizontal axis represents the outside air temperature, and in order of the high temperatures, the leading A represents the defrost end temperature, the fresh B represents the defrost start temperature, and the fresh C represents an example of the required defrost temperature.

For example, when dishwashing is performed in a kitchen at an outdoor air temperature of 5 ° C. in winter, the hot water use time is at least 5 minutes to 10 minutes, and the amount of implantation is relatively small, which is point E between the leading BCs. When it stops, after stopping hot water supply operation, after defrosting tank operation, defrost operation is performed and operation stops.

However, when the bathing operation is performed under the same conditions as described above, the hot water supply operation time is about 30 minutes, the amount of implantation is also increased, obstructs the ventilation of the air heat exchanger, thereby lowering the heating capacity. In addition, if the ventilation is obstructed, the heat exchange amount between the air and the refrigerant decreases, and the temperature of the air heat exchanger decreases gradually, and becomes F point lower than the freshness C.

If the tank bottom water operation is performed first as in the case where the temperature of the air heat exchanger is point E, the tank bottom water operation will take a long time due to lack of heating capacity. If a showerhead or a faucet is used in a state in which the tank water supply amount is insufficient, problems such as insufficient amount of hot water supply and decrease in temperature of hot water supply are likely to occur.

Therefore, when the defrosting necessary control means is provided and becomes below the leading C, the defrosting operation is first displayed and notified to the user, and after the hot water adding operation is finished, the defrosting operation is performed first and then the tank bottom water operation is performed to stop the operation. It is.

In the defrosting operation, the amount of refrigerant throttling of the pressure reducing devices 3a and 3b is set to the entire opening in Fig. 1, and the frost is fed to the air heat exchangers 4a and 4b in a high temperature refrigerant state to melt frost by the heat of the refrigerant. Since the defrosting end temperature of the fresh line A is reached and subsequent tank bottom water operation is performed quickly, tank bottom water can be terminated early as a result.

When the temperature is 0 ° C or lower, the absolute humidity of the outside air is extremely reduced and the amount of implantation is reduced. Therefore, the defrosting start temperature of the diagram B and the defrosting temperature of the diagram C are set low. On the contrary, since the defrosting end temperature shown by the diagram A takes time to heat defrost as the outside air temperature is low, when the outside air temperature is 0 degrees C or less, it sets a little high temperature.

In addition, when the air heat exchanger temperature is higher than the defrosting start temperature of the fresh line B, the frost is not attached most of the time and the defrosting operation is not necessary.

Also, the diagrams A, B, and C of FIG. 5 are examples, and may vary depending on the component configuration, capacity, etc. of the heat pump circuit, and the present invention can be obtained even if the temperature, curve, etc. of the diagram are different. .

6 is an embodiment of a flowchart illustrating a hot water dispensing operation by automatic bath water operation. The bath water automatic button is turned ON (step 91). When the set time comes, the bath water dipping operation is started (step 92), and the bath water pouring valve 17 is opened to perform bath water hot water supply (step 93). .

In the bath water hot water supply (step 93), a direct hot water operation and a tank hot water operation are used in combination with the use of the cold / hot water described in FIG. That is, during the water immediately after the start of the heat pump operation, the direct hot water supply operation and the tank hot water operation are performed in parallel, and when the direct hot water temperature reaches a stable state, the tank hot water operation is stopped, and only the direct hot water operation is performed.

During the bath water hot water operation, the bath water thermistor 18a detects the bath water hot water temperature to determine the hot water temperature (step 94), adjusts the temperature if it is not prescribed (step 94a), and continues the bath water hot water (step 94a). 95).

Further, the water level in the bath is detected by the water level sensor 22a to determine the amount of bath water contained (step 96).

In the bath water filling amount determination (step 96), the bath water hot water supply is continued during the prescribed time (step 95), and when the water content is reached, the bath water hot water supply and the heat pump operation are stopped (step 97).

When the bathing operation is stopped (step 97), the temperature determination of the air heat exchanger is performed in the same manner as in Fig. 4 (step 98), and the defrosting necessary indication is performed based on the determination of the defrosting start temperature and the defrosting necessary temperature, After the tank storage operation and the defrosting operation are performed (steps 99a to 99f), the operation is stopped (step 100).

7 is an embodiment of a flowchart showing bath water additional heating by automatic bath water operation. The bath water automatic button is turned on (step 101), and when the set time is reached, the bath water dipping operation described in Fig. 6 is started (step 102), and then the bath water dipping operation is finished (step 103). Is started (step 104).

After completion of the bathing operation (step 103), the bath temperature is detected by the bath water thermistor 18a, and the bath water warming is continued when the temperature is within the prescribed value in the bath temperature determination (step 105). (Step 106). In addition, the amount of water in the bathtub is detected every predetermined time (for example, 10 minutes) by the water level sensor 22a, and the bath water warming is continued if it is within the prescribed value in the bath water filling amount determination (step 107). Replenishment (step 108) is performed.

In addition, when the set time of automatic bathing water operation elapses, bathing water thermal insulation operation is complete | finished (step 109), and bathing water automatic operation is complete | finished (step 110).

As described in detail above, the present invention, in the instantaneous heat pump having a water storage tank, eliminates the defects caused by the frost at the time of low temperature in winter, to improve the operation of tank water storage, to improve energy saving, to improve the ease of use, etc. Has a great effect.

In addition, the user can know that there is a large amount of frosting and a state in which defrosting operation is required to be prioritized by a display or a voice on the remote control, so that there is no anxiety even when a decrease in the amount of hot water is supplied, and it may interfere with the tank bottom operation. In the case of the degree of frosting, the tank water storage operation is performed after the end of the hot water supply and the defrosting operation. Therefore, the defrosting and the tank water storage can be efficiently performed, and the ease of use at low temperature in winter can be greatly improved.

According to the present invention, the anxiety of the user can be solved to improve the ease of use at low temperature in winter.

Claims (6)

A heat pump refrigerant circuit in which a compressor, a water refrigerant heat exchanger for exchanging water and refrigerant, and a pressure reducing device, and an air heat exchanger for exchanging air and refrigerant are sequentially connected through a refrigerant pipe, A hot water supply circuit comprising a water refrigerant heat exchanger, a storage tank for storing hot water heated by the water refrigerant heat exchanger, a cold / hot water mixing valve, a flow rate adjustment valve, and a water pipe connecting the components; The hot water supply operation ends when the temperature of the air heat exchanger is set in advance to a defrost start temperature and a defrost required temperature lower than the defrost start temperature, and the temperature of the air heat exchanger is within a range between the defrost start temperature and the defrost required temperature. After defrosting the tank, the defrosting of the air heat exchanger is performed. If the temperature of the air heat exchanger is lower than the defrosting required temperature, the tank after the defrosting of the air heat exchanger is executed after the end of the hot water supply operation. A heat pump water heater with control means for carrying out water storage. 2. The heat supply circuit according to claim 1, wherein the hot water supply circuit has a direct hot water circuit for hot water directly heated by a water refrigerant heat exchanger to a water user terminal, and a tank hot water circuit for hot water from a water storage tank to a water user terminal. Pump water heater. The heat pump hot water heater according to claim 1, wherein the defrost required temperature is a plurality of temperatures set corresponding to the outside temperature. The heat pump water heater according to claim 1, wherein the defrosting required control means performs alarm display by letter display or by blinking of a letter when the defrost required control means reaches a defrost required temperature. The heat pump water heater according to claim 1, wherein the defrosting required control means performs an alarm display by voice when the defrosting required control means reaches a defrosting required temperature. A heat pump refrigerant circuit in which a compressor, a water refrigerant heat exchanger for exchanging water and a refrigerant, a decompression device, and an air heat exchanger for exchanging air and a refrigerant are sequentially connected through a refrigerant pipe; Hot water consisting of the water refrigerant heat exchanger, a water storage tank for storing hot water heated by the water refrigerant heat exchanger, an in-vehicle circulation pump for circulating cold and hot water in the cabin, a hot and cold water mixing valve, a flow control valve, and a water pipe connecting these parts. Circuits, And a defrosting start temperature at which the temperature of the air heat exchanger is lower than the defrost start temperature and the defrost start temperature, and a control means for changing the start time of the defrost operation according to the temperature of the air heat exchanger.

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