KR20060089170A - Chemical body warmer and method for producing the same - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention provides a chemical circuit (chemical body warmer), a method of manufacturing a chemical circuit and a manufacturing apparatus of a chemical circuit that can solve the problems of addition of activated carbon and salt addition, which can be more easily manufactured and has excellent heat generation characteristics. do.

The chemical circuit of the present invention contains carbides, metal powders and water of salt containing organics. The manufacturing method of the chemical circuit of this invention includes the process of mixing carbide, metal powder, and water of a salt containing organic substance, and packaging the exothermic mixture obtained by the said mixing process. The apparatus for producing a chemical circuit of the present invention comprises a plurality of raw material supply devices for supplying each raw material of the exothermic mixture, a raw material mixer for mixing the raw materials supplied from the raw material supply device, and a pyrogenic mixture obtained in the raw material mixer. A packaging device is provided, and the raw material supply device includes at least a carbide supply device for salt-containing organic matter, a metal powder supply device, and a water supply device. According to the present invention, salt-containing organic matter which is an industrial waste is effectively used, and the manufacturing process of a chemical circuit can be simplified by using carbide of a salt-containing organic matter.

 Chemical circuits, activated carbon, salts, salt-containing organics, metal powders, carbides, water.

Description

Chemical circuit and method for producing the same {Chemical body warmer and method for producing the same}

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS It is a schematic diagram which shows the manufacturing apparatus of the chemical circuit of Example 1 of this invention, and the manufacturing method of the chemical circuit using this apparatus.

Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram showing an apparatus for producing a chemical circuit of Example 2 of the present invention and a method for producing a chemical circuit using the apparatus.

3 is a schematic diagram showing an apparatus for producing a chemical circuit of Example 3 of the present invention and a method for producing a chemical circuit using the apparatus.

4 is a schematic diagram showing an apparatus for producing a chemical circuit of Example 4 of the present invention and a method for producing a chemical circuit using the apparatus.

FIG. 5: is a schematic diagram which shows the manufacturing apparatus of the chemical circuit of Example 5 of this invention, and the manufacturing method of the chemical circuit using this apparatus.

6 is a schematic diagram showing an apparatus for producing a chemical circuit of Example 6 of the present invention and a method for producing a chemical circuit using the apparatus.

7 is a schematic diagram showing an apparatus for producing a chemical circuit of Example 7 of the present invention and a method for producing a chemical circuit using the apparatus.

8 is a schematic diagram showing an apparatus for producing a chemical circuit of Example 8 of the present invention and a method for producing a chemical circuit using the apparatus.

9 is a schematic diagram showing a method of manufacturing a chemical circuit according to the conventional method.

FIG. 10 is a graph showing heat generation characteristics of circuits 1 to 4 using long-oil foil carbide and commercially available chemical circuits 1 to 3;

FIG. 11 is a graph showing heat generation characteristics of circuits 5 to 10 using long-oil foil carbide and commercial chemical circuits 4 to 5;

FIG. 12 is a graph showing heat generation characteristics of circuits 11 to 14 using miso carbide and commercial chemical circuit 6.

FIG. 13 is a graph showing heat generation characteristics of circuits 15 to 19 using municipal waste carbides and commercially available chemical circuits 7.

The present invention relates to a chemical circuit (chemical body warmer) and a method of manufacturing the same. More specifically, the present invention relates to chemical circuits containing carbides of salt-containing organics and methods for their preparation.

Chemical circuits are called so-called disposable circuits and generally contain metal powders (iron and the like), metal halides (salts and the like), water, activated carbon powder and water-retaining materials. In the chemical circuit, for example, in the case of using iron, the heat of reaction generated in the process in which iron reacts with oxygen in water and air to form ferric hydroxide is used as a heat source. Metal halides (salts, etc.) are used to control the oxidation rate of metal powders (iron, etc.), activated carbon powders are used to retain moisture, adjust temperature, maintain oxygen in the air, and repair materials are sticky metal powders. It is contained for prevention. The activated carbon powder and the water-retaining material which are powder components are considered to have a common function from the standpoint of water retention. Generally, chemical circuits are prepared in a proportion of 53% by weight of metal powder, 3% by weight of salt, 15% by weight of activated carbon powder, 1% by weight of repair material and 28% by weight of water.

Various studies have been carried out regarding the components of such chemical circuits (disposable circuits). For example, a heating element containing iron having a specific specific surface area of 50% by weight or more of total iron and contained in a packaging material having a predetermined air permeability has been developed [Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 6-315498]. . However, the cost is high because the materials used are limited and lack versatility.

Using a nitrogen-containing compound, phosphate and potassium salt instead of salt, a chemical exothermic composition which can be used as a soil improving agent after use has been developed (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 7-173459). However, the cost is high compared to the case of using the salt.

In addition, the heating element using carbide (active carbon) rich in absorbency and water retention as a porous material obtained by calcining flammables and porous diatomaceous earth can smoothly oxidize metal powder (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2000-60887). However, since such activated carbon needs to contain a predetermined amount of silicon dioxide, it is difficult to obtain raw materials.

Chemical circuits are generally manufactured using the apparatus schematically shown in FIG. In FIG. 9, the chemical circuit manufacturing apparatus includes an activated carbon supply device (activated carbon function device) 21, a salt (saline) supply device 22, a repair material supply device 23, and an iron supply device 24. The chemical circuit 27 is manufactured by supplying each raw material to the predetermined amount raw material mixer 25 from each supply apparatus, mixing it, and packaging it with the packing machine 26.

In this manufacturing method, there is a problem that activated carbon powder is blown badly in the mixing process of each raw material. As a preventive measure against the blowing of such powder, for example, water is added in an amount of 10 to 150 parts by weight, preferably 40 to 100 parts by weight based on 100 parts by weight of activated carbon, and left for 24 hours. Publication No. 6-241575]. However, this method requires an apparatus (activated carbon hydrous apparatus) for performing immersion treatment for 24 hours. In addition, if water and activated carbon are not sufficiently stirred, agglomerates of activated carbon are generated, and the supply of activated carbon to the raw material mixer 25 is not uniform. In addition, the hydrous activated carbon is poor in handling, and the hopper portion of the activated carbon supply device 21 or the hopper portion for receiving the raw material of the mixer 25 is clogged, or may be attached to the piping of the raw material mixer 25, the belt conveyor, or the like. Therefore, there arises a problem that the quality of the chemical circuit cannot be kept constant and the yield of the product worsens.

In a chemical circuit, the salt generally used as an exothermic adjuvant is used as a saline solution from a dispersible point. Therefore, a salt dissolution tank and a saline solution supply device are needed. However, because saline is highly corrosive, iron cannot be used as a material for these devices. Plastic materials also lack strength and cannot be used in these devices. Therefore, there is a need for an apparatus using an expensive material such as stainless material and titanium having excellent corrosion resistance. In addition, since the saline solution is difficult to be absorbed by powder components such as activated carbon and water-retaining materials, there is a problem that the dispersion takes time and does not uniformly disperse.

For the purpose of improving the dispersibility of saline solution, Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 6-241575 discloses that water is added to powder components such as mixed activated carbon powder and water refining material to be repaired in advance, and then saline solution is added to the saline solution. After uniformly dispersing, a method of mixing a metal powder just before encapsulation is described.

In addition, Japanese Laid-Open Patent Publication No. Hei 9-254901 describes the provision of a plurality of saline supply sites. When saline is supplied from a some supply site, it can mix by batch operation. However, in the case of continuous operation, there is a problem such that it is difficult to uniformly mix water and saline with the activated carbon powder and the water-retaining material.

Thus, various methods are examined regarding manufacture of a heat generating composition (chemical circuit). However, either method requires the addition of salt. Therefore, there is a problem that a complicated process is required in order to avoid the generation of nodules in the saline addition system that requires a saline production process.

It is an object of the present invention to provide a chemical circuit which can be manufactured more simply and which has excellent heat generation characteristics.

It is also an object of the present invention to provide a method for producing a chemical circuit that can solve the problems of addition of activated carbon and salt addition.

The present invention provides a chemical circuit containing carbides, metal powders and water of salt containing organics.

In one embodiment, the chemical circuit also contains at least one selected from the group consisting of carbon powders other than carbides of the repair material and salt containing organics.

In one embodiment, the chemical circuit comprises carbide in the salt-containing organics in a proportion of 0.1 to 25 parts by weight based on 25 parts by weight of the metal powder.

In one embodiment, it contains 0.1-25 weight part carbide of a salt containing organic substance, and 0.1-15 weight part carbon powder with respect to 25 weight part of metal powders.

In one embodiment, the carbide of the salt containing organic is a carbide obtained by calcining the salt containing organic at a temperature of 400 to 1000 ° C.

In one embodiment, the carbide of the salt-containing organics is a carbide obtained by further activation treatment of the carbide obtained by calcining the salt-containing organics at a temperature of 100 to 1000 ° C.

In one embodiment the salt containing organics are at least one selected from the group consisting of food waste, municipal waste, sewage sludge, village drainage sludge, manure sludge and livestock manure.

In one embodiment, the food waste is one or more wastes selected from the group consisting of jangyubak, salted kelp waste, seafood stew waste, miso waste, soup, kelp, pickles, urban kitchen waste and cooking waste.

In one embodiment the carbon powder is one or more carbon powders selected from the group consisting of coal-based carbides, wood-based carbides, activated carbons thereof and regenerated activated carbons thereof.

The present invention also provides a method for producing a chemical circuit comprising a step of mixing carbide, metal powder and water of a salt-containing organic material and packaging the exothermic mixture obtained in the mixing step.

In one embodiment, the mixing process consists of mixing carbide with water and salt-containing organics and further mixing metal powder.

In one embodiment, the carbon powder is further mixed in the mixing process.

In one embodiment, the mixing process consists of mixing water and carbon powder and further mixing carbide and metal powder of the salt-containing organic material.

In one embodiment, the repair material is further mixed in the mixing process.

In one embodiment, the mixing process consists of mixing the carbide with the salt-containing organics, the water and the water, and further mixing the metal powder.

In one embodiment, the carbon powder and the water retainer are further mixed in the mixing process.

In one embodiment, the mixing process consists of mixing the carbide with the salt-containing organics, the metal powder, the carbon powder, and the water retainer, and further mixing the water.

In one embodiment, the mixing process consists of mixing water and a repair material and further mixing carbide, metal powder and carbon powder of the salt-containing organic material.

Moreover, this invention provides the manufacturing method of the chemical circuit containing the process of mixing the carbide and metal powder of a salt containing organic substance, and the process of contacting and packing the mixture obtained by the said mixing process, and a repair resin sheet.

In one embodiment, the carbon powder is also mixed in the mixing process.

Moreover, this invention is equipped with the some raw material supply apparatus which supplies each raw material of a heat generating mixture, the raw material mixer which mixes the raw material supplied from the said raw material supply apparatus, and the packaging apparatus which wraps the exothermic mixture obtained by this raw material mixer. An apparatus for producing a chemical circuit, the apparatus for producing a chemical circuit comprising at least a supply device for carbides of salt-containing organic matter, a supply device for metal powder, and a supply device for water as the raw material supply device.

In one embodiment, the manufacturing apparatus further comprises a premixer for premixing two or more kinds of raw materials supplied from the raw material supply apparatus, and the mixture mixed with the premixer is configured to be supplied to the raw material mixer.

In one embodiment, the manufacturing apparatus further includes a carbon powder supply apparatus as a raw material supply apparatus.

In one embodiment, the apparatus further comprises a premixer in which water and carbon powder are mixed.

In one embodiment, the manufacturing apparatus further comprises a supply device for repair material as a raw material supply device.

In one embodiment, the apparatus further comprises a premixer in which the carbides of the salt-containing organics, the water-retaining material and the water are mixed.

In one embodiment, the manufacturing apparatus further includes a supply device for repair material and a supply device for carbon powder as a raw material supply device.

In one embodiment, the manufacturing apparatus further comprises a premixer, in which the water retaining material and water are mixed.

Moreover, this invention is a raw material supply apparatus provided with the supply apparatus of the carbide of a salt containing organic substance, and the supply apparatus of a metal powder, the raw material mixer which mixes the raw material supplied from the said raw material supply apparatus, and packing the mixture supplied from the said mixer. An apparatus for producing a chemical circuit comprising a repair resin sheet supply device for supplying a repair resin sheet for packaging and a packaging machine for packaging the exothermic mixture coated with the repair resin sheet.

In one embodiment, the production apparatus further comprises a supply device of carbon powder, from which the carbon powder is introduced into the raw material mixer.

In one embodiment, the said manufacturing apparatus further includes a water supply apparatus, and water is supplied from a said water supply apparatus to a repair resin sheet.

[Effects of the Invention]

According to the present invention, a chemical circuit containing a carbide containing a salt-containing organic substance (hereinafter may be simply referred to as "salt-containing carbide"), a metal powder, and water is provided. Since the salt-containing carbide used in such a chemical circuit contains a uniform amount of salt uniformly dispersed, it is possible to simultaneously supply salt, activated carbon powder, and water-retaining material, which are raw materials of the chemical circuit. Since such salt-containing carbides are excellent in hydrophilicity, nodules do not occur even when mixed with water. Therefore, the problem of nodding and stickiness in the addition process of activated carbon powder and the process of compounding saline with activated carbon or water-retaining material, which are the most difficult problems in the manufacturing process of chemical circuits, are solved, and the manufacturing process of chemical circuits is simplified. Is improved. In addition, salt-containing organics, in particular salt-containing organic wastes, are effectively used and manufacturing costs can be reduced.

Best Mode for Carrying Out the Invention

Salt-containing organics

In the present specification, the salt-containing organic substance is, for example, food containing salt (salt) (e.g., miso, soy sauce, salted fish, salted kelp, etc.), organic waste containing salt (hereinafter referred to as "salt-containing organic waste" or It may simply be called "salt-containing waste"), but is not limited to these. Salt-containing organic wastes are preferably used in view of the effective use of resources. Salt-containing organics can be purchased as valuables, obtained free of charge, or obtained by receiving money (reverse oil purchase). Alternatively, these methods can be obtained in combination.

Examples of the salt-containing organic wastes include municipal waste, sewage sludge, village drainage sludge, manure sludge, livestock manure and food waste. As livestock manure, a cow dung, a pig dung, a poultice etc. are mentioned, for example. Examples of food wastes include soy sauce presses (soybean meal), salted kelp wastes, seafood stew wastes, miso wastes, soups, seaweeds, pickles, urban kitchen waste, and cooking wastes. Can be. These salt-containing wastes can be used alone and in combination of two or more kinds. The salt-containing waste can be used in combination considering the salt concentration when the carbide is used. For example, if you use municipal waste, sewage sludge, village drainage sludge, manure sludge, livestock manure, cooking waste, etc., where salt concentration is relatively low, Jangbak, salted kelp waste, stewed seafood waste, miso Waste, salt, etc. can be mixed and used. When salt containing waste is used as a mixture, it can be used for carbonization as it is. In order to disperse | distribute salt in a carbide uniformly, it is more preferable to mix with a mixer etc., to make it uniform, and to bake.

Carbide of Salt-Containing Organics (Salt-containing Carbide)

The carbides of salt-containing organics (e.g., salt-containing wastes) include carbides obtained by the primary treatment of the salt-containing organics described below and activated carbides obtained by further treatment (the secondary treatment) of carbides obtained by the primary treatment. Carbide obtained by various methods, such as an active carbide obtained by processing the containing organic substance by the chemical activation method, is included. It is preferable that a salt containing carbide is a powder. Or what shape | molded the salt containing carbide of powder in various shapes can be used. As a method of making the salt-containing carbide into a powder, a powdering method of carbide well known to those skilled in the art is applied.

Primary treatment

Carbonization (primary treatment) of a salt containing organic material is performed by baking a salt containing organic material at the temperature of preferably 100-1000 degreeC, More preferably, 650-850 degreeC. If it is less than 100 degreeC, the exothermic characteristic of the exothermic mixture containing such salt containing carbide tends to worsen, and when it exceeds 1000 degreeC, the salt in a carbide may volatilize. The salt containing carbide obtained can be made into a powder.

The salt-containing carbide obtained by the primary treatment preferably contains 0.1 to 50% by weight, more preferably 10 to 50% by weight of salt in a uniformly dispersed state. The specific surface area of such salt-containing carbides differs depending on the salt-containing organic substance used, and is usually in the range of about 1 m ² / g to 60 m ² / g.

Secondary processing

The secondary treatment is a treatment in which an activation treatment is further performed on the salt-containing carbide obtained by the primary treatment. The activation treatment includes a gas activating method and a chemical activating method, and any method may be used. The gas revitalization method is a method of contacting carbonized raw materials with water vapor, carbon dioxide, oxygen (air), a mixed gas of these gases and combustion gases, and combustion gases at a high temperature. In the present invention, a method of treating at a temperature of 600 to 1000 ° C., preferably 800 to 900 ° C. while adding water vapor, air (oxygen), carbon dioxide, or the like to a salt-containing carbide obtained by primary treatment (gas Resurrection method). Alternatively, the carbide obtained by firing the salt-containing organics in a relatively low temperature, for example, 300 to 500 ° C. in the primary treatment, may be subjected to secondary treatment. If the temperature of the secondary treatment is less than 600 ° C., the activation of carbides may be insufficient, and if it exceeds 1000 ° C., the salt in the active carbide may volatilize.

Among the activated carbides obtained by the secondary treatment, the salt is preferably contained in a uniformly dispersed state at a ratio of 0.1 to 50% by weight, more preferably 10 to 50% by weight. The specific surface area of the activated carbides varies depending on the salt-containing organics used, and is usually in the range of about 100 m ² / g to 300 m ² / g, which is 5 to 10 times the carbide of the first treatment only. Specific surface area. In addition, since the homogenization of the carbide and the surface cleaning effect can also be expected by performing the secondary treatment, activated carbide may be preferably used.

Drug Resurrection Law

The chemical activating method is a method of impregnating a activating chemical in a raw material evenly, heating (firing) in an inert gas atmosphere, and activated carbonization by dehydration and oxidation reaction with the chemical. Examples of the activating agent include compounds having dehydrating, oxidizing or eroding properties such as zinc chloride, phosphoric acid, calcium chloride, calcium sulfide and potassium hydroxide. Of these activating drugs, zinc chloride is preferred. By the chemical activation method, the active carbide of the salt-containing organic substance is obtained by the following method, for example.

To the salt-containing organic material dried at 100 to 200 ° C. for several hours, a saturated aqueous solution of the above-mentioned activating agent (eg, zinc chloride) is added, and the activating agent is impregnated into the salt-containing organic material. Subsequently, it is dried (baked) for several hours at 100 to 200 ° C in an inert gas atmosphere. In the chemical activation method, the weight ratio of the activating agent and the dry salt-containing organic substance (the weight of the active agent impregnation weight / dry salt-containing organic substance) differs depending on the activating agent and salt-containing organic substance used, and is generally 0.5 to 5, preferably 1 to 4. The weight ratio is represented by the following general formula.

Weight ratio = (Y-X) / X

X is the dry weight of the salt containing organics before impregnation of the activating agent,

Y is the dry weight of the salt containing organic substance after impregnation of an activating agent.

When zinc chloride is used as the activating agent, it is preferable to dry the salt-containing organic material at 110 ° C., impregnate zinc chloride, and then dry at about 110 ° C. The weight ratio of zinc chloride to salt-containing organics is preferably about 3.

Salt-containing carbides obtained by treatment with such chemical activation methods have fine pores by dehydration and oxidation reactions by activation chemicals, and have a large specific surface area, and thus are suitably used as salt-containing carbides in the present invention. Chemically activated carbides can be activated (secondary treatment) at a temperature of further 300 to 1000 ° C. This treatment further improves the function as activated carbon. In the case of using the activating chemical, activation of activated carbide may be insufficient when the temperature of the secondary treatment is less than 300 ° C, and salts in the activated carbide may be volatilized when it exceeds 1000 ° C.

The carbonization treatment method or the chemical activation treatment method is not particularly limited and may be batch treatment or continuous treatment. As a carbonization apparatus, the said apparatuses, such as a ash furnace, a kiln type processing apparatus, a fluidized bed type processing apparatus, and a screw type processing apparatus, are attached regardless.

Chemical circuit

The chemical circuit of the present invention contains salt-containing carbides, metal powders and water, and is also selected from the group consisting of carbon powders other than the water-retaining material and salt-containing carbides (hereinafter sometimes simply referred to as "carbon powder") as necessary. It contains one or more. Substances added to these salt-containing carbides, metal powders, water, repair materials, carbon powders and other chemical circuits are referred to herein as raw materials. Chemical circuits are produced by mixing these raw materials and filling them into suitable packaging materials. As a packaging material, the following breathable film, a non-breathable film, etc. are mentioned.

Examples of the metal powder include iron powder, aluminum powder, zinc powder, copper powder or mixed metal powder obtained by mixing these metal powders in arbitrary ratios, and alloy powders obtained by mixing these metals in arbitrary ratios. Among these metal powders, iron is preferred. The specific surface area of the metal powder, the uneven state of the surface, the particle diameter, and the like are appropriately selected without particular limitation, and metal powders having different kinds, particle diameters, and the like can be used in combination as necessary.

Distilled water, ion-exchanged water, pure water, ultrapure water, tap water, industrial water, etc. are used as water.

Clay minerals (e.g. kaolin, talc, smectite, vermiculite, mica, pearlite, bentonite, etc.), superabsorbent resins, wood powder, fiber powder, rice husk powder, silica gel, diatomaceous earth, etc. are mentioned as a repair material. Carbon powder carbonized with wood powder, fiber powder, sucrose, rice husk powder and the like may also function as a repairing material.

Examples of carbon powders other than salt-containing carbides include powders of carbides derived from coal; Powders of wood-based carbides derived from plants such as palm husks, palms and thin-wood lumbers, and plants such as bamboo, kenaf, rot, grass, and fallen leaves; And powders obtained after further active carbonization of these carbides. In addition, regenerated activated carbon (eg, activated carbon obtained by further reactivation of activated carbon used for running water, deodorizing, etc.) may be used. The regenerated activated carbon can be powdered and used.

Content of each raw material in a chemical circuit is not restrict | limited, It is preferable that it is the ratio of 0.1-35 weight part of salt containing carbides and 5-20 weight part of water with respect to 25 weight part of metal powders. In the case of adding the carbon powder or the repairing material, the carbon powder is preferably added at a ratio of 0.1 to 15 parts by weight, more preferably 0.5 to 5 parts by weight, and the repairing material is preferably 0.1 to 15 parts by weight of 25 parts by weight of the metal powder. Parts by weight, more preferably from 0.5 to 5 parts by weight. In this case, the compounding amount of the salt-containing carbide is adjusted so that the salt concentration in the chemical circuit is preferably 0.1 to 10% by weight, more preferably 0.5 to 5% by weight. The salt containing carbide may be a powder and may be shaped to a desired size.

In the case of not blending the carbon powder, the salt-containing carbide is preferably blended with 5 to 35 parts by weight, more preferably 10 to 25 parts by weight with respect to 25 parts by weight of the metal powder.

In the case of blending the carbon powder, the salt-containing carbide is preferably blended 0.1 to 15 parts by weight with respect to 25 parts by weight of the metal powder. In this case, the content of the salt-containing carbide may be the same amount or less than the carbon powder.

The order in which the raw materials of chemical circuits, such as a metal powder, salt containing carbide, water, a carbon powder, and a repair material, are mixed is not specifically limited.

Method for manufacturing chemical circuits and apparatus thereof

The manufacturing method and the manufacturing apparatus of the chemical circuit of this invention are demonstrated in detail in the following Example, referring FIGS. Here, an outline is demonstrated first. The apparatus for producing a chemical circuit of the present invention is, for example, as shown in FIG. 1, at least a salt-containing carbide supply device 1, a metal powder supply device 2, a water supply device 3, and these supply devices. The raw material mixer 6 which mixes raw material (salt containing carbide, metal powder, and water) supplied from this, and the packaging machine 8 which package the mixed raw material are provided.

For example, as shown in FIGS. 3 to 6, if necessary, one or more of the repair material supply device 4 and the carbon powder supply device 5 is provided, and from these supply devices, the repair material and the carbon powder are provided. At least one of them is added to the raw material mixer 6. Instead of the repairing material supply device 4 and the water supply device 3, the repairing resin sheet supplying device 11 shown in FIGS. 7 and 8 may be provided.

Each raw material is supplied to the predetermined amount and the raw material mixer 6, and the mixed raw material (heat generating mixture) is packaged with the packaging machine 8, and the chemical circuit 9 is manufactured.

The supply apparatuses 1-5 of each raw material of a chemical circuit are equipped with at least one of a fixed-quantity supply apparatus and an automatic meter, It is preferable that each raw material can be supplied to the raw material mixer 6 quantitatively. It is preferable that the supply apparatus of a raw material, especially powder supply apparatus has a slope, for example, between, and is a structure which powder is easy to flow. The material of a raw material supply device, piping, etc. is not specifically limited, For example, iron, stainless steel, Hastelloy, Inconel, plastics, etc. are mentioned.

The order of addition of each raw material is not particularly limited. For example, salt-containing carbides, metal powders, water, water retainers and carbon powders can be added simultaneously and sequentially. For example, as shown in Fig. 2, the salt-containing carbide and water can be premixed with the premixer 7, and then the obtained mixture and the metal powder can be mixed. Alternatively, as shown in FIG. 3, the water-retaining material and water can be premixed with the premixer 7. In consideration of the possibility of exotherm, it is preferable not to premix the metal powder and water.

As long as the raw material mixer 6 can fully mix each raw material, it does not restrict | limit especially about its structure. For example, the screw type mixer of Unexamined-Japanese-Patent No. 9-254901, 9-323032, etc. is used. Moreover, the powder quantitative supply apparatus described in Unexamined-Japanese-Patent No. 10-119903, etc. are also used. Since oxygen is generated when oxygen is mixed with the metal powder, the raw material mixer 6 is preferably configured to be mixed under an atmosphere of an inert gas such as nitrogen gas.

The raw material (heating mixture) mixed with the raw material mixer 6 is transferred to the metering hopper 10 at the outlet of the raw material mixer 6, and a predetermined amount is transferred to the packing machine 8 and packed. It is preferable that both of these quantitative hoppers 10 and the packaging machine 8 are configured to operate in an atmosphere of an inert gas such as nitrogen gas.

Instead of mixing water and water retaining material, a water retaining resin sheet can be used. In FIG. 7 and FIG. 8, the case where the maintenance resin sheet supply apparatus 11 is used is illustrated. As an example of this, water is supplied to a water-retaining resin sheet to form a water-retaining resin sheet. And the exothermic mixture of a chemical circuit can be manufactured by coating the mixture of a salt containing carbide and a metal powder (including carbon powder as needed) with this repair resin sheet. In this case, only one side of this exothermic mixture can be covered with a water-retaining resin sheet, and the other side can be coated with different resins to enclose this exothermic mixture. Or both surfaces can be coat | covered and sealed by a repair resin sheet.

The packaging machine 8 is flattened by exothermic mixture, for example, as described in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. Hei 11-56896, and one side is a non-breathable film and the other side is a breathable film, respectively. Can be covered. Alternatively, both surfaces can be covered with a breathable film. The film coated with the exothermic mixture is sealed using a method such as adhesive, heat bonding, heat fusion and the like. The material of the film used for the breathable film or the non-breathable film covering the exothermic mixture is not particularly limited, and a film commonly used in a chemical circuit by those skilled in the art is used. For example, the film of Unexamined-Japanese-Patent No. 11-56896, 2002-200108, etc. is used.

When using a water-retaining resin sheet, when a hydrophilic film is selected, a chemical circuit is manufactured simultaneously with packaging.

The packaging machine 8 may be, for example, an apparatus using a roller provided with a concave portion as described in JP-A-2001-178762. It can be configured to continuously obtain a chemical circuit by supplying the exothermic mixture to the concave portion of such a roller, loading the exothermic mixture on the coating material which moves while rotating the roller, and coating it with a separate coating material from the top.

The packing machine 8 may be an automatic packing machine or a manual packing machine. Although not shown, the packaging machine 8 is equipped with an automatic cutting machine, a manual cutting machine, a filling amount inspection machine, or the like.

In this way, the chemical circuit obtained by covering and sealing one side or both sides with a breathable film is packaged with a non-breathable film to make a product.

In the method and apparatus for manufacturing a chemical circuit using salt-containing carbides, it is not necessary to use saline solution, so that a salt dissolving tank and a saline supplying device are unnecessary. Moreover, since carbon powder may not be needed, it becomes a compact manufacturing apparatus and energy saving can also be achieved. In addition, since an existing chemical circuit manufacturing apparatus can be used, new equipment investment is unnecessary when manufacturing the chemical circuit of the present invention.

EXAMPLE

Hereinafter, the manufacturing method and apparatus of a chemical circuit are demonstrated first, and the chemical circuit manufactured by the said method is demonstrated based on an Example. However, the present invention is not limited to these examples.

Method and apparatus for manufacturing chemical circuit

Example 1

The apparatus of Example 1 shown in FIG. 1 includes a salt-containing carbide supply device 1, a metal powder supply device 2, a water supply device 3, a raw material mixer 6, a quantitative hopper 10 and a packaging machine 8. ). From a fixed-quantity supply device (not shown) provided in each of the supply devices 1 to 3, a predetermined amount of each raw material is supplied to the raw material mixer 6, uniformly mixed and transferred to the fixed-quantity hopper 10. From the quantitative hopper 10, the produced exothermic mixture is transferred to the packaging machine 8 in a predetermined amount, and packed to produce a chemical circuit 9.

It is preferable to operate the raw material mixer 6 in an atmosphere of an inert gas such as nitrogen gas from the viewpoint of suppressing contact with oxygen. This also applies to Examples 2 to 6 below.

Example 2

The apparatus of Example 2 shown in FIG. 2 includes a salt-containing carbide supply device 1, a metal powder supply device 2, a water supply device 3, a premixer 7, a raw material mixer 6, and a quantitative hopper. 10 and the packaging machine 8 are provided. First, from the salt containing carbide supply device 1 and the water supply device 3, a predetermined amount of salt containing carbide and water are respectively supplied to the premixer 7, and it mixes well. Subsequently, a mixture of a predetermined amount of water and salt-containing carbide is supplied to the raw material mixer 6 from a quantitative supply device (not shown) provided in the premixer 7. The raw material mixer 6 is further supplied with a predetermined amount of metal powder, and salt-containing carbides, water and metal powder are mixed in the raw material mixer 6. Next, similarly to Example 1, the chemical circuit 9 is manufactured.

Example 3

The apparatus of Example 3 shown in FIG. 3 includes a salt-containing carbide supply device 1, a metal powder supply device 2, a water supply device 3, a carbon powder supply device 5, a premixer 7, a raw material. The mixer 6, the fixed hopper 10, and the packaging machine 8 are provided. First, from the water supply device 3 and the carbon powder supply device 5, a predetermined amount of water and carbon powder are respectively supplied to the premixer 7 and mixed well. Subsequently, a mixture of a predetermined amount of water and carbon powder is supplied to the raw material mixer 6 from a quantitative supply device (not shown) provided in the premixer 7. The raw material mixer 6 is further supplied with a predetermined amount of salt containing carbide and metal powder, so that the salt containing carbide, metal powder, water and carbon powder are mixed in the raw material mixer 6. Next, similarly to Example 1, the chemical circuit 9 is manufactured. Instead of the carbon powder supply device 5, a repair material supply device 4 can be provided.

Example 4

The apparatus of Example 4 shown in FIG. 4 includes a salt-containing carbide supply device 1, a metal powder supply device 2, a water supply device 3, a repair material supply device 4, a premixer 7, a raw material mixer. (6), the fixed amount hopper 10 and the packaging machine 8 are provided. First, a predetermined amount of salt-containing carbide and a repair material are supplied to the premixer 7 from the salt-containing carbide supply device 1 and the repair material supply device 4, respectively, and a predetermined amount from the water supply device 3 further. Of water is fed to the premixer 7 and mixed well. The salt containing carbide, the water and the water may be supplied simultaneously, and once the salt containing carbide and the water are mixed, then the water may be supplied. In the case where the raw material mixer 6 is a screw-type mixer, the supply portion of the water may be separately arranged so that the water is supplied after the mixture of the salt-containing carbide and the repair material is produced. The carbon powder supply device 5 can be provided instead of the water supply material supply device 4.

Subsequently, a predetermined amount of a mixture of water, a water retainer and a salt-containing carbide is supplied to the raw material mixer 6 from a quantitative supply device (not shown) provided in the premixer 7. The raw material mixer 6 is further supplied with a predetermined amount of metal powder, and salt-containing carbide, metal powder, water, and water retaining material are mixed. Next, similarly to Example 1, the chemical circuit 9 is manufactured.

Example 5

The apparatus of Example 5 shown in FIG. 5 includes a salt-containing carbide supply device 1, a metal powder supply device 2, a water supply device 3, a repair material supply device 4, and a carbon powder supply device 5 , A raw material mixer 6, a fixed hopper 10, and a packaging machine 8. In the fifth embodiment, raw materials other than water are supplied from the respective feeders to the predetermined amount raw material mixer 6. Subsequently, a predetermined amount of water is supplied from the water supply device 3, and each raw material is uniformly mixed. Next, similarly to Example 1, the chemical circuit 9 is manufactured.

In the case where the raw material mixer 6 is a screw-type mixer, the feed portion of the water may be separately arranged so that the water is supplied after the raw materials other than the water are well mixed.

Example 6

The apparatus of Example 6 shown in FIG. 6 includes a salt-containing carbide supply device 1, a metal powder supply device 2, a water supply device 3, a repair material supply device 4, a carbon powder supply device 5, The raw material mixer 6, the pre-mixer 7, the quantitative hopper 10, and the packaging machine 8 are provided. In the sixth embodiment, first, a predetermined amount of water and a water retaining material are supplied from the water supply device 3 and the water retaining material supply device 4 to the premixer 7, respectively, and are mixed well. Subsequently, a mixture of a predetermined amount of water and a water retaining material is supplied to the raw material mixer 6 from a fixed amount supply device (not shown) provided in the premixer 7. The raw material mixer 6 is further supplied with a predetermined amount of salt containing carbide, metal powder and carbon powder so that the salt containing carbide, metal powder, carbon powder, water retaining material and water are mixed in the raw material mixer 6. Next, similarly to Example 1, the chemical circuit 9 is manufactured.

Example 7

The apparatus of Example 7 shown in FIG. 7 includes a salt-containing carbide supply device 1, a metal powder supply device 2, a water supply device 3, a raw material mixer 6, a fixed amount hopper 10, and a repair resin sheet. The supply apparatus 11 and the packaging machine 8 are provided. This water supply device 3 is configured to impart moisture to the water-retaining resin sheet. A predetermined amount of salt-containing carbide and metal powder are respectively mixed in the raw material mixer 6, and a predetermined amount thereof is supplied from the metering hopper 10 to the repair resin sheet. The repair resin sheet is supplied from the repair resin sheet supply device 11. The mixture of the salt-containing carbide and the metal powder to be supplied is preferably arranged in the form of a sheet, and is configured to be in contact with this repair resin sheet on one or both sides. This mixture may be coated with a repair resin. The mixture or coated mixture in contact with this repair resin sheet is packed by a packaging machine 8 to produce a chemical circuit 9.

The method of including water in the water-retaining resin sheet is not particularly limited. For example, when the water-retaining resin is passed through water, the water supply device 3 may be a water tank through which such a resin passes.

Example 8

The apparatus of Example 8 shown in FIG. 8 includes a salt-containing carbide supply device 1, a metal powder supply device 2, a water supply device 3, a carbon powder 5, a raw material mixer 6, and a quantitative hopper ( 10), the maintenance resin sheet supply apparatus 11 and the packaging machine 8 are provided. This apparatus and the method of using such apparatus are almost the same as in Example 7 except that in addition to a predetermined amount of salt-containing carbide and metal powder, carbon powder is added to the raw material mixer 6.

Example 9 Fabrication of Chemical Circuits Using Jangyu Park and Verification of Exothermic Properties 1

Preparation Example 1 Preparation of Enteric Foil Carbide

150 grams (wet weight) of yam oil foil was calcined in an electric furnace for 45 minutes at 800 ° C. under anoxic conditions, and powdered to obtain oyster milk carbide (A). The properties of the obtained enteric foil carbide (A) are shown in Table 1.

Preparation Example 2 Preparation of Activated Enteric Milk Carbide

Enteric foil is calcined in an electric furnace for 45 minutes at 400 ° C. under anoxic conditions to obtain enteric foil carbide. Subsequently, 300 g of the obtained soymilk gourd carbide was further charged into an electric furnace, and added with steam under anoxic conditions, and then fired in an electric furnace at 800 ° C. for 1 hour, and powdered to obtain an activated soymilk gourd carbide (A). do. The properties of the obtained activated enteric foil carbide (A) are shown in Table 1.

Jangbak Carbide A Activating Enteric Milk Carbide A carbon(%) 48.8 53.5 Volatile fraction (%) 5.2 4.4 Ash content (%) 46.0 42.1  Total Chlorine (%) Sodium (%) 17.5 14.4 15.8 10.8 Specific surface area (m ² / g) 53 192

Example 9.1

6 g of the activated enteric foil carbide (A) obtained in Preparation Example 2 and 5 g of water are mixed. The mixture of the activated enteric foil carbide (A) and water can be performed smoothly without forming a nodule. The exothermic mixture was prepared by mixing a mixture of such activated enteric foil carbide (A) and water and 10 g of iron powder (made by Wako Pure Chemical Industries, having an average particle diameter of 150 mesh or less). Immediately after manufacture, the exothermic mixture is enclosed in a pack for tea bags placed on a refractory brick to prepare a circuit (1). The temperature of the obtained circuit 1 is measured over time to verify the heat generation characteristics. Table 2 and the heat generation characteristics of the circuit 1 are shown in FIG.

Example 9.2

A circuit 2 was prepared in the same order as in Example 9.1 except that 10 g of the activated long-oil foil carbide A obtained in Preparation Example 2 and 6 g of water were used. The mixture of the activated enteric foil carbide (A) and water can be performed smoothly without forming a nodule. Next, the temperature of the obtained circuit 2 is measured over time to verify the heat generation characteristics. Table 2 and the heat generation characteristics of the circuit 2 are shown in FIG.

Example 9.3

1 g of the activated long-oil foil carbide (A) obtained in Preparation Example 2 and 2 g of charcoal powder are mixed, and 7 g of water is added thereto and further mixed. The mixture of the activated enteric foil carbide (A), charcoal powder, and water can be performed smoothly without forming a nodule. The exothermic mixture is prepared by mixing a mixture of such activated enteric foil carbide (A), charcoal powder, water, and 10 g of iron (wako Pure Chemical, average particle diameter of 150 mesh or less). Subsequently, a circuit 3 is manufactured in the same manner as in Example 9.1. Next, the temperature of the obtained circuit 3 is measured over time to verify the heat generation characteristics. Table 2 and the heat generation characteristics of the circuit 3 are shown in FIG.

Example 9.4

A circuit 4 was manufactured in the same manner as in Example 9.3, except that 1 g of the long-oil foil carbide A obtained in Preparation Example 1, 6 g of water, and 3 g of charcoal powder were used. The mixture of long-oil foil carbide (A), charcoal powder, and water can be performed smoothly, without forming a nodule. Next, the temperature of the obtained circuit 4 is measured over time to verify the heat generation characteristics. Table 2 and the heat generating characteristics of the circuit 4 are shown in FIG.

Example 9 Circuit Compounding amount (g) Carbide iron content water Charcoal Example 9.1 Circuit 1 Activating Enteric Milk Carbide A 6 10 5 - Example 9.2 Circuit 2 Activating Enteric Milk Carbide A 10 10 6 - Example 9.3 Circuit 3 Activating Enteric Milk Carbide A One 10 7 2 Example 9.4 Circuit 4 Jangbak Carbide A One 10 6 3

Comparative Examples 1 to 3

As a comparative example, three types of commercial circuits are purchased (commercial circuit 1, commercial circuit 2 and commercial circuit 3), and the temperatures of commercial circuits 1 to 3 are measured over time. 10 shows heat generation characteristics of the commercial circuits 1 to 3.

As shown in FIG. 10, the circuit 1 and the circuit 2 combining the activated long-oil foil carbide (A), iron, and water have a slightly slower heating rate, but have a higher temperature than those of the commercial circuits (1 to 3). It was found that it can be used as a circuit sufficiently.

Activation with respect to activated circuit (3), which combines feldspar carbide (A), carbon powder (charcoal powder), iron and water, and circuit (4) which combines long amber foil (A), carbon powder, iron and water. Although the compounding quantity of long oil foil carbide (A) and long oil foil carbide (A) is small, the temperature increase rate is almost the same as that of a commercial circuit (1-3). The circuit 3 has a temperature increase rate equivalent to those of the commercial circuits 1 to 3, and also has a relatively high heat generation temperature, and exhibits a heat generation characteristic almost equivalent to that of the commercial circuit 2. The circuit 4 also has a temperature increase rate equivalent to those of the commercial circuits 1 to 3, and exhibits almost the same heat generating characteristics as the commercial circuit 2. Therefore, the circuits 1-4 are confirmed to be practical.

Example 10 Fabrication of Chemical Circuits Using Enteric Milk and Verification of Exothermic Characteristics 2

Preparation Example 3

140 g (wet weight) of yam oil foil was calcined in an electric furnace at 700 DEG C for 45 minutes under anoxic conditions, to obtain jangmilk foil carbide (B).

Preparation Example 4

300g of the entertained watermelon obtained by calcining the separate entertained foil of Preparation Example 2 at 400 ° C. under anoxic conditions for 45 minutes in an electric furnace was further added to the electric furnace, and steam was added under anoxic conditions. It is calcined in an electric furnace at 1 ° C. for 1 hour to obtain an activated enteric foil carbide (B).

Example 10.1

2.5 g of enteric foil carbide (B) obtained in Preparation Example 3 and 7.5 g of charcoal are mixed, and 10 g of water is added thereto and further mixed. The mixture of long-oil foil (B), charcoal, and water can be performed smoothly without forming a nodule. The exothermic mixture is prepared by mixing 25 g of the jangyubak carbide (B), charcoal and water, and iron (RDH-3M, manufactured by Powdertech). Immediately after the preparation, the exothermic mixture is added to the pack for tea bags placed on the refractory brick to prepare the circuit 5. The temperature of the obtained circuit 5 is measured over time to verify the heat generation characteristics. The compounding quantity of each component and the salt concentration in the circuit 5 are shown in Table 3, and the heat generation characteristic of the circuit 5 is shown in FIG. In addition, salt concentration is the value which added Na concentration and Cl concentration. Sodium concentration (Na concentration) is measured by the frame photometric method based on JISK0102.48.1. The chlorine concentration (Cl concentration) is an addition value between the chlorine concentration by the pump combustion method and the combustible chlorine concentration by the ion chromatography method based on JIS K0102.35.3.

Example 10.2

A circuit 6 was prepared in the same manner as in Example 10.1, except that 5 g of long-oil foil carbide (B) obtained in Preparation Example 3, 5 g of charcoal, and 12.5 g of water were used. The mixture of long-oil foil carbide (B), charcoal, and water can be performed smoothly, without forming a nodule. Then, the temperature of the obtained circuit is measured over time to verify the exothermic characteristics. The compounding quantity of each component and the salt concentration in the circuit 6 are shown in Table 3, and the exothermic characteristic of the circuit 6 is shown in FIG.

Example 10.3

A circuit 7 was prepared in the same manner as in Example 10.1, except that 7.5 g of long-oil foil carbide (B) obtained in Preparation Example 3, 2.5 g of charcoal, and 12.6 g of water were used. The mixture of long-oil foil carbide (B), charcoal, and water can be performed smoothly, without forming a nodule. Subsequently, the temperature of the obtained circuit 7 is measured over time to verify the exothermic characteristics. Table 3 shows the compounding quantity of each component and the salt concentration in the circuit 7, and the heat generating characteristics of the circuit 7 are shown in FIG.

Example 10.4

A circuit 8 was prepared in the same manner as in Example 10.1, except that 2.5 g of the activated long-oil foil carbide B obtained in Preparation Example 4, 7.5 g of charcoal, and 12 g of water were used. The mixture of the activated enteric foil carbide (B), charcoal and water can be performed smoothly without forming a nodule. Subsequently, the temperature of the obtained circuit 8 is measured over time to verify the exothermic characteristics. Table 3 shows the compounding amount of each component and the salt concentration in the circuit 8 and the exothermic characteristics of the circuit 8 are shown in FIG. 11.

Example 10.5

A circuit 9 was manufactured in the same manner as in Example 10.4, except that 8 g of activated feldspar foil carbide (B) obtained in Preparation Example 4, 7.5 g of charcoal, and 15 g of water were used. The mixture of the activated enteric foil carbide (B), charcoal and water can be performed smoothly without forming a nodule. Next, the temperature of the obtained circuit 9 is measured over time to verify the exothermic characteristics. Table 3 shows the compounding amount of each component and the salt concentration in the circuit 9, and the heat generation characteristics of the circuit 9 are shown in FIG.

Example 10.6

A circuit 10 was prepared in the same order as in Example 10.4 except that 10 g of the activated enteric foil carbide B obtained in Preparation Example 4 and 5.1 g of water were used. Charcoal is not used in this circuit 10. The mixture of the activated enteric foil carbide (B) and water can be performed smoothly without forming a nodule. Subsequently, the temperature of the obtained circuit 10 is measured over time to verify the exothermic characteristics. Table 3 shows the compounding quantity of each component and the salt concentration in the circuit 10, and the heat generating characteristics of the circuit 10 are shown in FIG.

Example 10 Circuit Compounding amount (g) Salt concentration in the circuit (%) Carbide Charcoal iron content water Example 10.1 Circuit 5 Jangbak Carbide B 2.5 7.5 25 10 1.6 Example 10.2 Circuit 6 Jangbak Carbide B 5 5 25 12.5 3.1 Example 10.3 Circuit 7 Jangbak Carbide B 7.5 2.5 25 12.6 5 Example 10.4 Circuit 8 Activated Berry Milk Carbide B 2.5 7.5 25 12 2.1 Example 10.5 Circuit 9 Activated Berry Milk Carbide B 8 7.5 25 15 5.8 Example 10.6 Circuit 10 Activated Berry Milk Carbide B 10 0 25 5.1 10

Comparative Examples 4 and 5

As a comparative example, two types of commercially available circuits are purchased (commercial circuit 4 and commercial circuit 5), and the temperatures of commercial circuits 4 and 5 are measured over time. 11 shows heat generation characteristics of the commercial circuits 4 and 5.

As shown in FIG. 11, the circuit 5 and the circuit 6 using the long foil carbide B have heat generation characteristics equivalent to those of the commercial circuit 4. These circuits 5 and 6 each contain 1.6% and 3.1% salts, respectively. The circuit 7 using the long-oil foil B is slightly shorter in heat generation duration than the commercial circuit 4, but maintains a higher temperature than the commercial circuit 5. The salt concentration of this circuit 7 is 5%.

The circuit 8 using the activated long-oil foil B has almost the same heat generating characteristics as the commercial circuit 4. The circuit 9 has heat generation characteristics equivalent to or higher than those of the commercial circuit 4. In addition, when the circuit 7 containing almost the same amount of salt is compared with the circuit 9, the heat generation duration of the circuit 9 is long while the heat generation duration of the circuit 7 is slightly shorter. This is because the amount of charcoal used in the circuit 9 is three times that of the circuit 7, so that the contact of iron, water and salt is reduced, so that rapid oxidation of iron is suppressed and oxygen attached to charcoal contributes to the reaction. I think it is because The circuit 10 exhibits the same heat generation characteristics as the commercially available circuit 5, and has a short heat generation duration similarly to the circuit 7. This is because iron, water, and salt are relatively easy to contact with each other, since salt concentration is 10% and charcoal is not used, and the oxidation reaction of iron is accelerated. Therefore, it is thought that the exothermic duration can be improved by adding charcoal or the like.

Example 11 Fabrication of Chemical Circuits Using Miso and Their Evaluation

Preparation Example 5

342 g of commercially available combined soybean paste (manufactured by Gitcho Miso Co., Ltd., raw material: US, soybean, and salt) is placed in a small kiln and fired at 700 ° C. The temperature increase rate to 700 degreeC becomes 15 minutes, and it carbonizes by holding at 700 degreeC for 20 minutes, and obtains miso carbide (A). The salt concentration in miso carbide (A) is 26%.

Example 11.1

5 g of miso carbide (A) obtained in Preparation Example 5, 5 g of charcoal (activated carbon for circuit), 25 g of iron (iron for circuit of Tektec, RDH-3M), 9 g of tap water, and a resin (polymer resin: manufactured by Organo, Amberlite) Mix 1 g to produce an exothermic mixture. Mixing takes place within 1 minute. Mixing of miso carbide (A) and water can be performed smoothly without forming a nodule. Immediately after the preparation, the exothermic mixture was immediately enclosed in a pack for tea bags placed on a refractory brick to prepare a circuit 11 (salt concentration: 2.9%). The temperature of the obtained circuit 11 is measured over time to verify the heat generation characteristics. Table 4 shows the compounding quantity of each component, and the heat generation characteristic of the circuit 11 is shown in FIG.

Example 11.2

A miso carbide (B) was obtained in the same procedure as in Production Example 5 except that 336 g of miso and 600 ° C. were used. The salt concentration in the miso carbide (B) is 24%. A circuit 12 (salt concentration: 2.7%) was prepared in the same order as in Example 11.1, except that 5 g of this miso carbide (B) and 9.1 g of tap water were used. Mixing of miso carbide (B) and water can be performed smoothly without forming a nodule. Subsequently, the temperature of the obtained circuit 12 is measured over time to verify the exothermic characteristics. Table 4 shows the compounding quantity of each component and the heat generation characteristic of the circuit 12 is shown in FIG.

Example 11.3

A miso carbide (C) was obtained in the same procedure as in Production Example 5 except that 365 g of miso and 500 ° C. were used. The salt concentration in miso carbide (C) is 22%. A circuit 13 (salt concentration: 2.4%) was prepared in the same procedure as in Example 11.1 except that 5 g of such miso carbide (C) was used. Mixing of miso carbide (C) and water can be performed smoothly without forming a nodule. Next, the temperature of the obtained circuit 13 is measured over time to verify the heat generation characteristics. Table 4 shows the compounding quantity of each component, and the heat generation characteristic of the circuit 13 is shown in FIG.

Example 11.4

 A miso carbide (D) was obtained in the same procedure as in Production Example 5 except that 339 g of miso and 400 ° C. were used. The salt concentration in miso carbide (D) is 20%. A circuit 14 (salt concentration: 2.2%) was prepared in the same order as in Example 11.1, except that 5 g of this miso carbide (D) and 9.1 g of tap water were used. Mixing of miso carbide (D) and water can be performed smoothly without forming a nodule. Subsequently, the temperature of the obtained circuit 14 is measured over time to verify the exothermic characteristics. Table 4 shows the compounding quantity of each component, and the heat generation characteristic of the circuit 14 is shown in FIG.

Example 11.5

A miso carbide (E) was obtained in the same procedure as in Production Example 5 except that 362 g of miso, 300 ° C. of carbonization temperature, and 40 minutes of holding time were used. The salt concentration in miso carbide (E) is 18%. A circuit 15 (salt concentration: 2.0%) was prepared in the same procedure as in Example 11.1, except that 5 g of this miso carbide (E) and 9.2 g of tap water were used. The mixture of miso carbide (E) and water can be performed smoothly without forming a nodule. Next, the temperature of the obtained circuit 15 is measured over time to verify the exothermic characteristics. Table 4 shows the compounding quantity of each component, and the heat generation characteristic of the circuit 15 is shown in FIG.

Example 11 Circuit Compounding amount (g) Salt concentration in the circuit (%) Carbide Charcoal ^{* 1} iron content water Suzy Example 11.1 Circuit 11 Miso Carbide A (700 ℃) 5 5 25 9 One 2.9 Example 11.2 Circuit 12 Miso Carbide B (600 ℃) 5 5 25 9.1 One 2.7 Example 11.3 Circuit 13 Miso Carbide C (500 ℃) 5 5 25 9 One 2.4 Example 11.4 Circuit 14 Miso Carbide D (400 ℃) 5 5 25 9.1 One 2.2 Example 11.5 Circuit 15 Miso Carbide E (300 ℃) 5 5 25 9.2 One 2.0

* 1: activated carbon for circuit

Comparative Example 6

As a comparative example, a commercial circuit is purchased (commercial circuit 6), and the temperature of the commercial circuit 6 is measured over time. The heat generation characteristic of the commercial circuit 6 is shown in FIG.

As shown in FIG. 12, the heat generation temperature of the circuit 11 is about 85 ° C., and the rise recovery time is about 10 minutes. The retention time at 80 ° C. is also 25 minutes, which is comparable to that of the commercial circuit 6.

The heat generation temperature of the circuit 12 and the circuit 13 is about 80 ° C., and the rise recovery time is about 10 minutes. The retention time at 80 ° C. is also 25 minutes, which is comparable to that of the commercial circuit 6.

The heat generation temperature of the circuit 14 is about 80 ° C., and the rise recovery time is about 10 minutes. However, the holding time of 80 degreeC is 20 minutes and although it is slightly shorter than the commercial circuit 6, it is a range which can be used.

The heat generation temperature of the circuit 15 is about 75 ° C., and the rise recovery time is about 10 minutes. The holding time at 75 ° C. is 20 minutes and is slightly shorter than that of the commercial circuit 6, but is within a usable range.

Example 12 Fabrication and Evaluation of Chemical Circuits Using Municipal Waste

Preparation Example 6

Carbide (urban waste carbide (A)) calcined in a treatment plant is obtained for 1 hour at 450 ° C. under anoxic conditions. Table 5 describes the analysis value of the municipal waste carbide (A).

Preparation Example 7

The municipal waste carbide (A) is thrown into a kiln, and it heats up so that it may reach 700 degreeC in 15 minutes. After the temperature was raised, the mixture was kept at 700 ° C. for 20 minutes and cooled to obtain municipal waste carbide (B). Table 5 describes the analysis value of the municipal waste carbide (B).

Preparation Example 8

A municipal waste carbide (C) was obtained in the same manner as in Production Example 4.2 except that the temperature was changed to 800 ° C. Table 5 describes the analysis value of the municipal waste carbide (C).

Preparation Example 9

The municipal waste carbide (A) is thrown into a kiln and heated up to reach 850 degreeC in 15 minutes. Subsequently, activation treatment is carried out at 850 ° C. for 1 hour while supplying steam at a rate of 150 g / hour to obtain activated municipal waste carbide (A). Table 5 lists the analysis values of the activated municipal waste carbide (A).

Production Example Carbide Ash Volatility Fixed carbon Na Cl Saline Concentration (%) weight(%) weight(%) weight(%) weight(%) weight(%) Preparation Example 6 Urban Garbage Carbide A 15.2 31.8 53.0 2.2 3.8 6.0 Preparation Example 7 Urban Garbage Carbide B 58.3 6.2 35.5 3.2 4.5 7.7 Preparation Example 8 Urban Garbage Carbide C 55.5 3.2 41.3 3.3 4.3 7.6 Preparation Example 9 Activated Urban Garbage Carbide A 70.2 2.3 27.5 4.5 4.8 9.3

Example 12.1

5 g of municipal waste carbide (A) obtained in Production Example 6, 5 g of charcoal (activated carbon for circuits), 25 g of iron (iron for circuits of Powdertech, RDH-3M), 9 g of tap water, and a resin (polymer resin: made of organo, Amberlite) ) 1g is mixed to produce an exothermic mixture. Mixing takes place within 1 minute. The mixing of the municipal waste carbide A and water can be performed smoothly without forming a nodule. Immediately after manufacture, the circuit 16 is manufactured by enclosing the exothermic mixture in a pack for tea bags placed on a refractory brick. The temperature of the obtained circuit 16 is measured over time to verify the heat generation characteristics. Table 6 shows the compounding quantity of each component and the salt concentration in the circuit 16, and the heat generation characteristic of the circuit 16 is shown in FIG.

Example 12.2

A circuit 17 was manufactured in the same order as in Example 12.1 except for using the municipal waste carbide (B) obtained in Preparation Example 7. The mixing of the municipal waste carbide (B) and water can be performed smoothly without forming a nodule. Next, the temperature of the obtained circuit 17 is measured over time to verify the exothermic characteristics. Table 6 shows the compounding quantity of each component and the salt concentration in the circuit 17, and the heat generation characteristic of the circuit 17 is shown in FIG.

Example 12.3

A circuit 19 was manufactured in the same order as in Example 12.1 except for using the municipal waste carbide (C) obtained in Preparation Example 8. The mixing of the municipal waste carbide (C) and water can be performed smoothly without forming a nodule. Subsequently, the temperature of the obtained circuit 18 is measured over time to verify the exothermic characteristics. Table 6 shows the compounding quantity of each component and the salt concentration in the circuit 18, and the heat generation characteristic of the circuit 18 is shown in FIG.

Example 12.4

A circuit 19 was manufactured in the same order as in Example 12.1 except for using the activated municipal waste carbide A obtained in Preparation Example 9. The mixing of the activated municipal waste carbide (A) and water can be performed smoothly without forming a nodule. Next, the temperature of the obtained circuit 19 is measured over time to verify the exothermic characteristics. Table 6 shows the compounding quantity of each component and the salt concentration in the circuit 19, and the heat generation characteristic of the circuit 19 is shown in FIG.

As shown in Table 5, municipal waste carbides (A to C) and activated municipal waste carbides (A) contain salts, and can be sufficiently used as raw materials for chemical circuits.

Example 12 Circuit Compounding amount (g) Salt concentration in the circuit (%) Carbide Charcoal ^{* 1} iron content water Suzy Example 12.1 Circuit 16 Urban Garbage Carbide A 5 5 25 9 One 0.67 Example 12.2 Circuit 17 Urban Garbage Carbide B 5 5 25 9 One 0.86 Example 12.3 Circuit 18 Urban Garbage Carbide C 5 5 25 9 One 0.84 Example 12.4 Circuit 19 Activated Urban Garbage Carbide A 5 5 25 9 One 1.0

* 1: activated carbon for circuit

Comparative Example 7

As a comparative example, a commercial circuit is purchased (commercial circuit 7), and the temperature of the commercial circuit 7 is measured over time. The heat generation characteristic of the commercial circuit 7 is shown in FIG.

As can be seen from FIG. 4, the heat generation temperature of the circuit 16 is about 60 ° C., but it requires 30 minutes or more until the temperature is reached. The temperature higher than the circuit 7 is maintained. The circuit 17 has a heat generation temperature of 75 ° C., slightly lower than a commercial circuit, but a rise recovery time of about 7 minutes is good. Moreover, the holding time in 75 degreeC is also favorable about 20 minutes. The circuit 18 and the circuit 19 have a good heat generation temperature of 80 ° C. or higher, and a rise recovery time of 8 minutes. Moreover, the holding time in 80 degreeC is also about 20 minutes, and it is inferior even if compared with a commercial circuit.

Urban waste may contain heavy metals. Therefore, the dissolution test is carried out by mercury, cadmium, lead, hexavalent chromium, and arsenic in a method based on JIS 4100 and the Environmental Agency Notice 13. The results are shown in Table 7. In Table 7, the environmental standard means that according to the method based on Notice No. 13 of the EPA.

heavy metal Total mercury (mg / l) Cadmium (mg / l) Lead (mg / l) Hexavalent chromium (mg / l) Arsenic (mg / l) JIS4100 standard 0.005 or less 0.3 or less 3 or less 1.5 or less 1.5 or less Environmental standards 0.0005 or less 0.01 0.01 0.05 0.01 Preparation Example 6 Urban Garbage Carbide A <0.0005 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 Preparation Example 7 Urban Garbage Carbide B - - - - - Preparation Example 8 Urban Garbage Carbide C - - - - - Preparation Example 9 Activated Urban Garbage Carbide A <0.0005 <0.01 <0.01 0.09 <0.01

As shown in Table 7, it was found that the amount of heavy metals in the municipal waste carbide (A) obtained in Production Example 6 was less than the amount specified in JIS 4100 and environmental standards. The amount of heavy metals in the activated municipal waste carbide (A) obtained in Production Example 9 is less than the amount specified in JIS 4100 and environmental standards. In environmental standards, hexavalent chromium is slightly higher, but the amount of other heavy metals is small. Therefore, it is understood that these municipal waste carbides A to C and activated municipal waste carbide A have no safety problems.

Thus, it turned out that the chemical circuit which is safe and excellent in performance is obtained from the carbide of the municipal waste.

According to the present invention, since salt-containing carbides in which salts are uniformly dispersed in advance are used, addition of activated carbon is not necessarily required, and the step of adding saline solution can be omitted. That is, the salt dissolving step and the saline solution mixing step, which are problematic in the manufacturing process of the chemical circuit, are unnecessary, and the problem of blowing the activated carbon powder is also solved, thereby simplifying the manufacturing process. Moreover, since these salt containing carbides are excellent in hydrophilicity, they do not mix with water and produce a nodule. Therefore, it is an innovative method that can greatly improve the manufacturing process in the field of chemical circuit manufacturing.

In addition, according to the present invention, since a method of effectively using a salt-containing organic substance which is conventionally simply discarded is provided, it is useful in terms of recycling, and the manufacturing cost of the chemical circuit of the present invention can be reduced.

The meanings of the symbols used in FIGS. 1 to 13 of the present invention are as follows:

1 salt-containing carbide feeder

2 metal powder feeder

3 water supply

4 Repair material supply

5 carbon powder feeder

6 raw material mixer

7 premixers

8 packing machine

9 chemical circuit

10 quantitative hopper

11 repair resin sheet feeder

21 Activated Carbon Supply Unit (Activated Carbon Function Unit)

22 Saline (saline) supply unit

23 Repair Material Supply Unit

24 iron feeder

25 raw material mixer

26 packing machine

27 chemical circuits

Claims (31)

Chemical body warmer containing carbides, metal powders and water of salt-containing organics. The chemical circuit of claim 1 further comprising at least one selected from the group consisting of carbon powders other than carbides of the water-retaining material and salt-containing organics. The chemical circuit according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the salt-containing organic matter carbide is contained in a proportion of 0.1 to 25 parts by weight based on 25 parts by weight of the metal powder. The chemical circuit according to claim 2 or 3, which contains 0.1 to 25 parts by weight of carbide of the salt-containing organic material and 0.1 to 15 parts by weight of carbon powder with respect to 25 parts by weight of the metal powder. The chemical circuit according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the carbide of the salt-containing organic material is a carbide obtained by calcining the salt-containing organic material at a temperature of 400 to 1000 ° C. The chemical circuit according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the carbide of the salt-containing organic material is a carbide obtained by calcining the salt-containing organic material at a temperature of 100 to 1000 ° C and further activating at a temperature of 300 to 1000 ° C. The chemical circuit according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the salt-containing organic material is at least one selected from the group consisting of food waste, municipal waste, sewage sludge, village drainage sludge, manure sludge and livestock manure. 8. The chemical circuit of claim 7, wherein the food waste is one or more wastes selected from the group consisting of jangyubak, salted kelp waste, seafood stew waste, miso waste, soup, kelp, pickles, urban kitchen waste and cooking waste. 3. The chemical circuit of claim 2 wherein the carbon powder is one or more carbon powders selected from the group consisting of coal carbides, wood carbides, activated carbons thereof and regenerated activated carbons thereof. Mixing carbides, metal powders and water of salt-containing organics, and The manufacturing method of a chemical circuit containing the process of packaging the exothermic mixture obtained by the said mixing process. The method for producing a chemical circuit according to claim 10, wherein the mixing step comprises a step of mixing carbide with water and a salt-containing organic substance and a step of further mixing metal powder. The method of manufacturing a chemical circuit according to claim 10, wherein the carbon powder is further mixed in the mixing step. The method for producing a chemical circuit according to claim 12, wherein the mixing step comprises a step of mixing water and carbon powder and a step of further mixing carbide and metal powder of the salt-containing organic material. The manufacturing method of the chemical circuit of Claim 10 which further mixes a repair material in a mixing process. The manufacturing method of the chemical circuit of Claim 14 with which the mixing process consists of the process of mixing the carbide of a salt containing organic substance, a repair material, and water, and the process of further mixing a metal powder. The manufacturing method of the chemical circuit of Claim 10 which further mixes carbon powder and a repair material in a mixing process. The method of manufacturing a chemical circuit according to claim 16, wherein the mixing step comprises a step of mixing the carbide with the salt-containing organic material, the metal powder, the carbon powder, and the water retaining material, and a step of further mixing the water. The manufacturing method of the chemical circuit of Claim 16 with which the mixing process consists of the process of mixing water and a water-retaining material, and the process of further mixing the carbide, metal powder, and carbon powder of a salt containing organic substance. Mixing the carbide and metal powder of salt-containing organics and The manufacturing method of a chemical circuit containing the process of contacting and packing the mixture obtained by the said mixing process, and a repair resin sheet. The method of claim 19, wherein the carbon powder is further mixed in the mixing process. A plurality of raw material supply devices for supplying each raw material of the exothermic mixture, Raw material mixer which mixes the raw material supplied from the said raw material supply apparatus, and In the manufacturing apparatus of the chemical circuit provided with the packaging apparatus which wraps the exothermic mixture obtained by the said raw material mixer, An apparatus for producing a chemical circuit comprising at least a supply device for carbides of salt-containing organic matter, a supply device for metal powder, and a supply device for water as the raw material supply device. The apparatus for manufacturing a chemical circuit according to claim 21, further comprising a premixer for premixing two or more kinds of raw materials supplied from the raw material supply device, and configured to supply the mixture mixed with the premixer to the raw material mixer. The apparatus for manufacturing a chemical circuit according to claim 21, further comprising a carbon powder supply apparatus as a raw material supply apparatus. The chemical circuit manufacturing apparatus according to claim 23, further comprising a premixer, wherein water and carbon powder are mixed in the premixer. The apparatus for manufacturing a chemical circuit according to claim 21, further comprising a supply device for maintenance material as a raw material supply device. The chemical circuit manufacturing apparatus according to claim 25, further comprising a preliminary mixer, in which carbides of the salt-containing organic substance, water retaining material, and water are mixed in the premixer. The apparatus for manufacturing a chemical circuit according to claim 21, further comprising a supply device for maintenance material and a supply device for carbon powder as a raw material supply device. The chemical circuit manufacturing apparatus according to claim 27, further comprising a premixer, wherein the water retaining material and water are mixed in the premixer. Raw material supply apparatus provided with the supply apparatus of the carbide of a salt containing organic substance, and the supply apparatus of a metal powder at least, Raw material mixer which mixes raw material supplied from the said raw material supply apparatus, Repair resin sheet supply apparatus which supplies the repair resin sheet for packaging the mixture supplied from the said mixer, and The manufacturing apparatus of the chemical circuit provided with the packaging machine which wraps the exothermic mixture covered with the said repair resin sheet. The apparatus for manufacturing a chemical circuit according to claim 29, further comprising a carbon powder supply device, wherein carbon powder is supplied to the raw material mixer from the carbon powder supply device. The chemical circuit manufacturing apparatus according to claim 29 or 30, further comprising a water supply device, wherein water is supplied to the water-retaining resin sheet from the water supply device.

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