KR20050111618A - Adapter - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to an adapter for fixing one or several auxiliary device(s) to a firearm, especially an automatic weapon, and to a method for re-equipping said weapon. The adapter comprises either a) a metal bushing (9) which has a cylindrical outer surface and at least one annular embodiment (15; 17) and which can be brought into metallic contact with the barrel (5) of the weapon such that it surrounds the barrel (5) and orients the annular embodiment(s) (15, 17) in a coaxial manner or axis-parallel manner to the barrel (5)and b) an auxiliary system (23) which can be brought to engage with the bushing (9) in a positionally stable manner in order to receive the auxiliary devices (9), or alpha) a bushing which surrounds the barrel (5) of the weapon and which can be firmly connected thereto, and beta) the auxiliary system (23) engages with an embodiment (35) into a counter embodiment (33) in order to secure rotational fixing. According to the inventive method, the weapon is re-equipped by means of said adapter.

Description

Adapter {ADAPTER}

The present invention provides an adapter (attachment of claim 1 and 2) for attaching an accessory, such as a (night) aiming device, lighting unit, two support, grenade launcher, etc. to a firearm, in particular a rapid-fire weapon. It is about.

In conventional weapons with a steel case, it is common to attach an adapter designed to support a telescopic sight for the weapon, often simply referred to as a "telescope sight adapter", on the steel case. This case is fixedly coupled to the barrel. The case also includes and supports a lock. Replacement of the barrel is only possible as part of extensive repair work.

It is common to attach an attachment mounting adapter on the outer side of the outer housing of the sheet metal for rapid firearms with an expansion outer housing made of sheet metal. Again, the barrel replacement can only be carried out as part of extensive repair work. Such sheet metal housings are not always perfectly stable to the barrel in shape and, therefore, are not always perfectly stable to the barrel in orientation under extreme conditions. This may not be completely excluded even in modern rapid fire weapons with plastic housings. Nevertheless, designers have no alternative but to attach a mounting unit or adapter for an accessory on a housing.

With respect to an attachment attached to the front of the weapon, such as a laser aiming device, if the accessory in question does not attach directly to the front of the barrel, the orientation of the assembly becomes unstable, which in turn leads to an unstable orientation of the aiming device. The orientation for possible aiming accuracy is much more unstable. However, this attachment to the barrel is undesirable, at least for precision weapons, because it degrades aiming accuracy. Thus, such units must be attached to a hand guard, and the directivity to the barrel is much less accurate than the directivity of the plastic housing.

Summary of the Invention

The present invention aims to overcome these problems or to at least partially improve them.

This object is solved in the present invention in each case by the subject matter of claims 1 and 2, wherein the particular adapter of claims 1 and 2 has the following features.

According to claim 1:

a. A metal sleeve having a cylindrical outer surface, the metal sleeve having one or more ring structures, thereby enclosing the barrel and wherein the ring structure is oriented coaxially or at least parallel to the barrel; and

b. An accessory unit for supporting the accessory in a position-stable combination with the housing.

But according to claim 2:

a. A housing that encloses the barrel and is fixedly attachable to the barrel; and

b. An attachment unit having an axial position-stable coupling with the housing, the structure having a structure to prevent relative rotation of the attachment relative to the weapon in combination with the matching structure of the weapon in the operating position.

Preferably, the housing conforms to the above series of features.

The housing of the invention has a solid connection (claim 2) or a metallic connection (claim 1) with the barrel, thereby having maximum rigidity in directivity to the barrel. The change in temperature caused by sunlight is not sufficient to modify the bond in some way.

The cylindrical outer surface of the housing and its peripheral grooves or multiple grooves allow for all relative potential rotations with respect to the appendages. The appendages are fixed in the axial direction of the barrel by ring grooves, but not in a particular direction of rotation.

It is now sufficient to insert the desired structure into the body of the weapon, in particular the housing, in order to fix the rotational position as well (according to claim 2). Such a structure can be deformed due to certain heat influences, especially when the structure is contained within a plastic housing. However, this deformation of the structure merely means a change in the rotational position of the appendage relative to the barrel's axis, not a change in the angular position. In other words, the angle between the barrel axis and the axis of the attachment is always constant. In general, these axes coincide. Whether the aiming point moves by one tenth or tenths of a millimeter relative to the point of incidence depends not only on the accuracy of the positioning of the accessory on the other confounding factor, ie the housing material, It is not critical compared to the length of the cylindrical outer surface of the mating structure and the housing. If the accessories can not be shaken (or shaken to the minimum allowable level) on the housing, thereby ensuring that there is no possibility of an angle change between the accessory or the housing in the axial direction of the barrel, the attachment is Relatively real, complete (or acceptable) strong coupling.

The structure may later be produced, for example, by drilling holes, or it may be designed to serve as a revolving breaker for the attachment. Preferably, existing structures will be selected.

If the housing is not designed to support excessive loads, the housing can be made of light metal and thus only generate a slight weight increase in the armor.

The present invention relates primarily to the improvement of rapid firing weapons to be embodied as gas pressure loaders. However, the housing of the present invention can be attached without problems to machine guns, small machine guns, pistols and the like. Unless the barrel's free movement is hindered, attachments to sniper weapons may also be appropriate.

In order to facilitate simple but stable attachment of the attachment to the housing, the invention is designed so that the attachment is preferably connected to the ring structure and has an inner surface which at least partially matches the cylindrical housing outer surface. Proposes claim 3). This optimizes attachment of the attachment on the housing in a simple but reliable way.

In a barrel, in particular a modern rapid fire weapon, the barrel surrounds the shoulder of the barrel on the anterior part and is held in place by a coupling nut screwed into the male thread in the segment with a solid locking pin and set in the plastic housing. Thus, a preferred embodiment of the present invention has a metal housing with a barrel support that can be screwed into a weapon rather than a coupling nut that holds the barrel (claim 4).

The barrel is supported in the armor by the housing of the present invention in the same manner as the coupling nut already known. If the housing, such as the coupling nut, contacts only one shoulder of the barrel, the barrel with the housing is supported as if there is no housing. Thus, the housing does not exhibit a barrier to free movement of the barrel of the sniper weapon.

A preferred embodiment of the present invention has one ring structure having a smaller size than the other, and the appendage has a joining groove structure corresponding to the smaller size (claim 5). In this case, the ring structure has a circumferential groove. Thus, it is known that coupling and disengagement connectors are provided for attachment of accessories in a ring structure. One is inherently accurate and robust attachment, while the other is for attachment so that the attachment can be moved as it thermally expands in a particular direction without affecting aiming accuracy, allowing for relative contraction or expansion of the housing without obstacles. Friction (in the axial direction of the barrel) is provided. This prevents the resulting deformations that can cause thermal stresses and inaccuracies. This design means that all damage from thermal expansion is prevented.

However, it is possible to omit one of the ring structures and instead to provide a ridge on the housing which can act as a contact for the accessory (claim 6).

This ridge can be coplanar with the appendage, thus transferring heat away from the housing. Likewise, the attachment can be designed with surface extensions, such as ribs, to improve heat transfer to the outside.

The ring structure (s) may engage one or more grooves in the appendage. Here, the sleeve diameter of the ring structure (s) is slightly larger than the diameter of the mating groove into which pins or the like can be inserted.

The attachment must contact these pins on two opposite or opposite sides of the housing.

In general, a rapid fire weapon has a front shaft that at least partially surrounds the barrel and prevents a user from getting burned in the hand by a hot barrel in use. Naturally, the attachment may need to provide protection for the user's hand. A preferred embodiment of the invention comprises a metal housing inside the mounted front shaft (claim 7). In this way, the weapon is not modified and can be prepared for the possibility of modification. In a variant, the front shaft can be designed to secure over the housing of the present invention. This creates a weapon in which certain desired appendages can be attached after removing the front shaft. This can be applied to known rapid fire weapons as well as rapid fire weapons to be designed.

In particular, the appendage may be a grenade launcher (claim 8), the grenade launcher may be attached to the underside of the barrel and adds great force to the weapon, but should always be directed correctly (the aimer may be anywhere on the weapon). Because). Thus, the grenade launcher captures all the advantages of the present invention. However, a bayonet (a bayonet, such as a shotgun) requires the rigid attachment provided by the present invention.

However, it is particularly advantageous that the accessory is a support with a rail parallel to the barrel axis, which will serve as a support for the accessory, aiming or lighting unit, support, front "pistol grip", belt anchor, and the like. (Claim 9).

Such rails have recently been known and proven to be very useful for quickly and simply attaching lighting units, aiming units and other devices to a weapon. In this manner, it has become common to mount certain rails that present all devices, regardless of weight, such as night vision aiming units, two support units, lighting units, in particular high power infrared lighting units. Such carriers preferably have four rails on the top, bottom, and on both sides relative to the axis of the barrel, equally spaced around the weapon at the same angle from each other. This makes it possible to attach a large number of units to the carrier at the same time. The present invention ensures that the carrier can sustain and reliably support high loads, and this load is transmitted directly to the lock, i.e. the part that best fits the allowable force and the member supporting the barrel.

Of course, it is also possible to mount a smaller number of rails on the carrier, such as a single rail.

The carrier may consist of a light metal as in the housing. However, if the carrier comes in contact with a substantial portion of the cylindrical outer surface of the housing to provide strength, it would be advantageous for the carrier to be constructed of solid plastic that is rigid and rigid (claim 10). Such plastics may be reinforced by methods such as sprayed-on fiberglass, or may preferably be reinforced Duroplast. This allows for simple, inexpensive and accurate production of the carrier, for the rail and for the attachment on the housing.

The carrier may consist of two or more components, which components are held together by fasteners such as bolts and screws. This bolt may also protrude into a ring structure, preferably a ring groove. However, it is best for the carrier to be a single piece (claim 11). Thus, the carrier can push the housing and the detached barrel away from the rear. However, it is best to be designed to push the barrel (silencer) and the gas transfer unit (if there is a gas pressure loader) from the front on the housing. Such housings are generally preferably perforated, in particular to reduce weight, improve cooling and provide bore holes for use in attaching and in particular disengaging the housing.

Another advantageous embodiment of the adapter according to the invention is shown in FIGS. 12-16.

The present invention is also used in a method for replacing a gas pressure equipped rapid firing weapon, the weapon having a barrel and an adapter as described above that can be removed by uncoupling the coupling nut. This method has the following characteristics (according to claim 17).

The removable barrel can be removed by uncoupling the coupling nut and replaced by a barrel having a housing instead of the coupling nut, the housing having a cylindrical outer surface to form an extension of the coupling nut towards the front . And,

The attachment is pressed from the front into the housing, which creates contact with the structure corresponding to the mating structure on the rapid weapon and can be rotated in the axial direction but is essentially permanently fixed in the axial direction.

This method can be used for any rapid fire weapon, regardless of the mode of operation.

If the rapid-fire weapon has a gas pressure loader with a bore in the barrel for discharging gas and a gas removal unit on the barrel, it is particularly advantageous for the accessory to push the gas removal unit mounted on the barrel onto the housing. (Claim 19). Thus, the accessory can be replaced without the need for the barrel to be replaced or even removed, or the degassing unit having to be removed first.

However, the accessories may also be separated in the longitudinal direction and consist of two or three components, such as screws, mounted from the sides to be connected to each other.

The subject matter of the present invention will be described in more detail with reference to the embodiments shown in the accompanying schematic drawings.

1 is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of the front portion of an rapid fire weapon equipped with an adapter according to the present invention;

FIG. 2 is an enlarged view of the front portion shown in FIG. 1;

3 is a side view of a weapon of the same scale as in FIG. 1;

4 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line IV-IV of FIG. 1,

FIG. 5 is a cross sectional view of the weapon of FIG. 1 with the front shaft unattached; FIG.

All figures show the same embodiment for the adapter according to the invention, but are not limited to the embodiment, which consists essentially of the metal housing 9 and the appendage 23. The scale of the drawings varies. Reference numerals are consistent in all drawings. The weapon is fired to the left in all three figures.

1 and 3 first show a part relevant to the present application as a known part of a rapid firearm implemented as a gas pressure loader. That is, the lock 3 is made of steel, has a pipe shape, accommodates the rear end of the barrel 5 therein, is equipped with a lock pin (not shown) and is molded in the plastic housing 1. This lock 3 is the central force supporting component of the weapon.

The barrel 5 has a shoulder 7 which does not rotate in the lock 3 and contacts the lock 3. The lock has a male screw portion (part of the screw connecting portion 11) on the outer surface of the front free end.

The housing 9 is composed of steel, titanium, light metal or a combination of various materials and has a cylindrical shape. The housing is in contact with the front of the shoulder portion 7 by the raised portion 13 and the female thread portion is securely screwed into the male thread portion of the lock 3 to form the screw engagement portion 11. In this context, the housing 9 is equivalent to a known coupling nut already used at this point. However, the housing 9 extends in contact with or almost in contact with the gas removal unit 19, which is mounted on the outer side of the barrel 5 but can be removed. The contact between the shoulder 7 and the ridge 13 ensures axial parallelism and essentially coaxial direction between the entire cylindrical housing 9 and the barrel 5.

The housing 9 has a relatively thin perforated wall and two ring grooves 15, 17, namely a front ring groove 15 with a slip gauge and an oversized rear ring groove 17. Since the housing wall is thin, the ring grooves 15 and 17 are formed by grooves in the wall.

The housing 9 surrounds the barrel 5 closely without contact. Likewise, the threaded portion 11 between the housing 9 and the lock 3 does not generate contact with the barrel.

Axial support of the housing 9 on the barrel 5 is provided only by alternating contact of the barrel shoulder 7 and the housing ridge 13. There is no radial contact. The barrel is thus free to move and has the same characteristics even if a known coupling nut is used rather than the housing 9.

The barrel 5 has a radial gas discharge bore in front of the housing 9, which bore extends into the gas removal unit 19 in a known manner. A known arrangement 21 consisting of a gas piston, a shaft and a spring extends parallel to the barrel 5 at the rear back of the gas removal unit 19. The spring is in contact with the housing 1 by shim and the shaft extends into the housing 1.

If no accessories are mounted on the lock 3 and therefore no accessories are mounted on the housing 9 mounted on the weapon, the known front shaft is attached to the housing 1 in the usual way. However, if the attachment 23 is mounted on the housing 9, the housing 9 can be embodied as a carrier for the rails 25, 26, 27 parallel in four axial directions, as here. The accessory shown here, ie carrier 23, is designed as a pipe-like housing made of aluminum. Other metallic materials or plastics or plastic and metal combinations may also be considered. The bore of the appendage is precisely fixed on the cylindrical outer side of the housing 9 and pressed from the front onto the outer side. The bore has a radial groove 39, and the carrier 39 can press the gas removal unit 19 and the gas piston, shaft and spring arrangement 21 from the front onto the housing 9 (FIG. 4). Reference).

The carrier 23 has three transverse bores, one of which is indicated by reference numeral 37, which has the same size across the ring grooves 15, 17 in the tangential direction. One bore is located in one of the upper and lower surfaces (bore 37) of the housing 9 in the region of the front ring groove 15, and the third bore is located in the region of the rear ring groove 17 across the housing. do. The spacing between the ring grooves 15, 17 is set to correspond to almost the entire length of the carrier 23.

The upper front bore has a fitted pin 29, which pin is accurately fixed in the ring groove 15. The rear bore has a loose pin 31, which has the same dimensions as the screw 29 acting as a securing pin but with a clearance in the rear (larger) ring groove 17. As a result, the carrier acts as a bridge with loose couplings 17 and 31 and rigid couplings 15 and 29 in the axial direction, but can essentially rotate within the ring grooves 15 and 17. . The extension 35 extends past the rear end of the carrier 23. This extension is fixed in the corresponding groove 33 of the housing 1. This prevents the carrier 23 from rotating on the housing 9.

As described above, the carrier 23 has four rails, including an upper rail 25, two side rails 26 and a lower rail 27. Another side rail can be seen in FIG. 4. The attachment can be pressed on each rail 25, 26, 27 to be fixed by a lateral groove (not shown). As such, rails are well known.

The lower front bore 37 will be used for special use, such as the addition of an accessory that transfers a significant amount of force to the weapon.

When the adapter according to the invention is used, the housing 9 can be tightly screwed onto the lock 3 using the screw connection 11, regardless of the final rotational position. As a result, the appendage 23 is coupled to the housing 9 only in the axial direction. The rotatable lock is adjusted by the pair of mating structures 33, 35. The groove 33 is designed early in the production of the weapon.

2 shows that the particularly loose coupling part (disengagement pin 31, ring groove 17) is designed as an elongated elliptical groove 17 rather than circular.

2 also shows that the housing 9 and the appendage 23 do not engage the gas removal unit 19. Thus, the rigid coupling of the gas removal unit is not damaged in any type by the adapter according to the invention.

It is also possible to add a separate hand protection device in the lower rail 27 or behind the carrier 23 itself.

4 is a cross-section of the weapon taken by line IV-IV of FIG. 1. A single piece carrier 23 is shown and rests on a housing 9 with a bore. The bore has a groove 39 so that the carrier 23 can pressurize the gas removal unit 19 during assembly or disassembly.

If the attachment 23 is removed, the front shaft 41 can be added (see FIG. 5), which is not blocked by the metal housing 9.

Claims (18)

In the adapter for attaching accessories such as (night) aiming devices, lighting units, two supporters, grenade launchers, shotgun attachments, etc. to firearms, in particular rapid fire weapons, a. One or more ring grooves (15) made of metal and having one or more ring grooves (15, 17) and a cylindrical outer surface that can be metal bonded to the barrel (5) to enclose the armor barrel (5) Is a housing 9 coaxial or axially parallel to the barrel 5, and b. And an attachment unit 23 for attaching the attachment stably with respect to the housing 9. adapter. In the adapter for attaching accessories such as (night) aiming devices, lighting units, two supporters, grenade launchers, shotgun attachments, etc. to firearms, in particular rapid fire weapons, a. A housing 9 which encloses the barrel 5 of the weapon and can be reliably attached to the barrel, in particular a housing 9 having the series of features a of claim 1, and b. An accessory unit 23 that can be rigidly coupled in the axial direction to the housing 9, engaging the mating groove 33 of the weapon in an operating position such that the accessory unit 23 rotates relative to the weapon. Characterized in that it comprises an appendage unit (23) having a ridge (35) that can not adapter. The method according to claim 1 or 2, Characterized in that it has the possibility of a firm coupling between the ring groove 15 and the accessory unit 23 with an inner surface that is partially or wholly complementary to the cylindrical outer surface of the housing. adapter. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, Characterized in that it comprises a housing (9) made of metal and having barrel support units (13, 11) instead of a coupling ring that can be screwed onto the weapon. adapter. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, One of the ring grooves 15 in the form of ring grooves 15 and 17 comprises two ring structures smaller than the other groove 17, and the attachment unit 23 fits the smaller sized coupling structure 29. Characterized by having adapter. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, A ring structure 15, characterized in that the housing 9 has a ridge, shoulder, protrusion or other non-planar portion provided as a contact for the appendage unit 23 separately from the ring structure 15. doing adapter. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 6, Characterized in that it comprises a housing (9) designed to be fixed on the front shaft mounted on the armory. adapter. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 7, Characterized in that it comprises an accessory unit (23) designed as part of the grenade launcher adapter. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 7, It is designed in the form of a carrier having a carrier 23, preferably four rails 25, 26, 27 parallel to the axis of the barrel, the rails being capable of direct attachment of an aiming or lighting unit, a two foot support or the like. It characterized in that it comprises an accessory unit provided for adapter. The method of claim 9, Characterized in that it comprises a carrier 23 composed of metal or plastic or metal-plastic combination. adapter. The method according to claim 9 or 10, Characterized by comprising a carrier 23 embodied as a single piece adapter. The method according to any one of claims 9 to 11, Characterized in that it comprises a rail implemented as a Picatinny rail 25, 26, 27 adapter. The method according to any one of claims 9, 10 or 12, Characterized in that it comprises a carrier 23 embodied as a plurality of component parts. adapter. The method according to any one of claims 9 to 13, Characterized in that it comprises at least one 29, preferably two transverse screws 29, 31 for supporting the carrier 23 on the housing 9. adapter. The method according to any one of claims 9 to 14, Characterized by comprising a carrier 23 having an open cross section and enclosing only part of the housing 9 to support less than four rails 25, 26, 27. adapter. The method according to any one of claims 2 to 14, Characterized in that it comprises a carrier 23 or an accessory with a ridge 35 inserted into the groove 33 on the housing of the weapon. adapter. 17. A method for replacing a weapon comprising an adapter according to any one of claims 1 to 16 and comprising a barrel which can be removed after uncoupling the coupling nut. A removable barrel which is removed and replaced by a barrel 5 designed to have a housing 9 in place of the coupling nut, the housing representing a coupling nut extending forwardly, the housing having a cylindrical outer surface; Having a removable barrel, and An accessory unit 23 pressurized on the housing 9, in which the ridge 35 of the unit 23 is inserted into the mating groove 33 on the rapid firing weapon and rotates axially on the housing 9; And an attachment unit which can be but is essentially fixed completely in the axial direction How to change weapons. The method of claim 17, In the case of a gas pressure loader, it is characterized in that it comprises a single piece attachment 23 which pushes the gas removal unit 19 on the housing 9. How to change weapons.