KR20050097149A - Shift control system for manual transmission - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a shift operation mechanism of a manual transmission, wherein the shift fork is bitten into the sleeve by the shift fork lift means only at the shift operation, and the shift fork is separated from the sleeve by the shift fork lift means when shifting is completed. Since power is transmitted in a state where the and sleeves are separated, power loss due to friction is prevented, and power transmission efficiency of the manual transmission is increased.

Description

Shift control system for manual transmission {Shift control system for manual transmission}

The present invention relates to a shift control mechanism of a manual transmission, and more particularly, to a shift control mechanism of a manual transmission capable of preventing power loss by preventing friction between the shift fork and the sleeve and preventing pad abrasion of the shift fork. .

In general, the synchro-mesh type of manual transmission of a car is shifted to a smooth gear when the gearbox synchronizes the rotational speed of the two gears when the driving gear and the driven gear are engaged. Shock is prevented. In this manual transmission, the shift operation force of the driver applied to the shift lever is transmitted through the shift operation mechanism, so that the shift stage is appropriately selected.

On the other hand, the shift operation mechanism of the manual transmission is largely divided into a direct operation and a remote operation according to the method of transmitting the operating force of the shift lever to the manual transmission, the direct operation is a shift lever is installed directly on the manual transmission, the shift The operating force of the lever is directly transmitted to the manual transmission. In the remote control type, a separate connecting member is disposed between the shift lever and the manual transmission so that the operating force of the shift lever is indirectly transmitted to the manual transmission through the connecting member.

1 is a cross-sectional view showing a shift operating mechanism of a manual transmission according to the prior art.

As shown in FIG. 1, the shift control mechanism of the manual transmission according to the prior art is installed to be rotatable directly in the housing 2 of the manual transmission 1 so that a driving force for shifting the driver is input. And a shift rail 6 coupled to a lower end of the shift lever 4 and axially moved by an operating force of the shift lever 4, and fixed to one end of the shift rail 6, and having a sleeve of a synchronous device. It comprises a shift fork 10 which is bitten by (8).

A plurality of shift rails 6 are installed on the manual transmission 1, and shift lugs 7 are formed at the other ends of the plurality of shift rails 6, respectively, and at the lower end of the shift lever 4, the shift lugs ( A control finger 5 is formed that is coupled to 7).

Accordingly, the control finger 5 of the shift lever 4 is connected to the shift lug 7 of any of the plurality of shift rails 6, and the shift lug 7 connected to the control finger 5 is shifted. It is moved in the axial direction by the operating force of the lever 4.

The shift fork 10 is formed at the lower end of the fork mounting portion 12 and the fork mounting portion 12 fixed to one end of the shift rail 6, and is caught on the outer surface of the sleeve 8. It consists of a fork grip 14 to be coupled.

Here, one end of the shift rail 6 is disposed in the fork mounting part 12, and the port mounting part 12 and the shift rail 6 are fixed to the shift rail 6 by a fastening member. do.

In addition, the fork grip portion 14 fits into the sleeve groove 8a formed along the outer circumference of the sleeve 8 so that the sleeve 8 can be rotated as well as move the sleeve 8 in the axial direction. It is formed into a semicircular structure. The fork bite portion 14 is mounted with a pad (not shown) in the contact with the wall surface of the sleeve groove (8a).

When the shift control mechanism of the manual transmission configured as described above is selected by the shift lever 4, the control finger 5 of the shift lever 4 is connected to any one of the plurality of shift lugs 7. When the shift shift is performed by the shift lever 4, the control finger 5 of the shift lever 4 moves the connected shift lug 7 in the axial direction of the shift rail 6.

Therefore, when the shift rail 6 is moved by the shifting lug 7, the shift fork 10 fixed to the shift rail 6 is also moved to move the sleeve 8, and the sleeve 8 As shown in Fig. 2), the shift gear 16 is synchronized and the shift stage selection is made.

However, the shift operating mechanism of the manual transmission according to the related art has a structure in which the shift fork 10 is always bitten by the sleeve groove 8a of the sleeve 8, so that when the power transmission of the manual transmission 1 is made, the transmission is performed. There is a problem in that friction occurs between the shift fork 10 and the sleeve 8 due to the sleeve 8 being rotated together with the fish 16.

In addition, the shift fork 10 and the sleeve 8 are increased in the temperature of the contact surface due to friction, which increases the risk of thermal deformation, and also reduces the power transmission efficiency of the manual transmission 1 due to friction loss. There is this.

On the other hand, when the shift fork 10 is used for a long time, the pad is worn due to friction with the sleeve 8, thereby shortening the life of the shift fork 10, and the side surface of the sleeve groove 8a and the shift fork. A gap is formed between the pads 10 due to pad abrasion, and there is a problem in that the shift fork 10 is randomly flown.

In addition, due to the play, the shift fork 10 is inclined so that the right angle of the shift fork 10 with respect to the axis of the sleeve 8 is impaired, or the flow of the shift fork 10 is reduced. There is a problem that the collision and noise is generated, the shifting feeling is lowered as well as the shifting failure occurs when shifting.

The present invention has been made to solve the above problems, an object of the present invention is to separate the shift fork and the sleeve when the power transmission of the manual transmission, thereby preventing friction of the shift fork and sleeve, power loss due to friction It is to provide a shift control mechanism of the manual transmission that can prevent, and minimize the pad wear of the shift fork.

The shift operating mechanism of the manual transmission according to the present invention for realizing the above object is provided with a shift rail which is moved in the axial direction by an operating force of the shift lever, and is provided to be capable of lifting up and down at one end of the shift rail and shift operation of the shift lever. A shift fork for moving the sleeve of the starter, and a shift fork lifting means for selectively lifting the shift fork so that the shift fork is coupled to the sleeve when shifting and is separated from the sleeve when shifting is completed. It is done.

The shift fork is installed to be capable of lifting in one of radial directions of the shift rail, and is installed to be fixed in the axial direction of the shift rail.

An elastic member is provided between the shift fork and the shift rail to provide an elastic force in a lifting direction of the shift fork, and the elastic member elastically supports the shift fork in a direction in which the shift fork is separated from the sleeve.

On the other hand, the shift operation mechanism of the manual transmission according to the first embodiment of the present invention, the shift fork elevating means is a manual through the through-hole portion formed on one side of the shift fork, the through-hole portion is disposed through and parallel to the shift rail A lifting rail provided in a housing of the transmission, a lifting groove formed on the lifting rail in a lifting direction of the shift fork, and disposed respectively at a shift completion point of the shift fork, and protruding from the through hole to be inserted into the locking groove. Characterized in that comprises a locking projection.

The through hole has a cross-sectional shape extending in the lifting direction so that the shift fork can be lifted.

The elevating rail is disposed in parallel to the position spaced apart from the shift rail by a predetermined distance, and both ends are fixed to the housing of the manual transmission.

In addition, in the shift operating mechanism of the manual transmission according to the second embodiment of the present invention, the shift fork lifting means is formed in the lifting direction of the shift fork in the housing of the manual transmission, and is disposed at each shift completion point of the shift fork. And a locking projection protruding from the shift fork to be inserted into the groove and the locking groove.

The housing of the manual transmission is formed with a guide groove for guiding the movement of the shift fork.

The locking projection and the locking groove are formed in a hemispherical structure.

Hereinafter, exemplary embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

2 is a cross-sectional view showing a shift operation mechanism of a manual transmission according to a first embodiment of the present invention, Figure 3 is a cross-sectional view showing the main part of Figure 2, Figures 4 and 5 is a first embodiment of the present invention The operation state diagram showing the main parts when the shift is completed and the shift of the shift control mechanism according to the present invention.

2 to 5, the shift control mechanism of the manual transmission according to the first embodiment of the present invention is installed to be directly rotatable in the housing 52 of the manual transmission 50 to operate the driver for shifting the driver. The shift lever 54 and the shift rail 54 which are coupled to the lower end of the shift lever 54 and moved in the axial direction by the operating force of the shift lever 54 and the shift rail 56 The shift fork 60 installed at one end and the shift fork 60 and the shift fork 60 are coupled to the sleeve 58 at the time of shifting and the shift fork 60 can be separated from the sleeve 58 at the time of shift completion. It comprises a shift fork elevating means 80 for elevating.

In the shift lever 54, a select shift and a shift shift are performed by a driver's operation force, and a shift stage is selected by the select shift, and the shift is performed to the selected shift stage by the shift shift.

A plurality of shift rails 56 are installed in the manual transmission 50, and shift lugs 57 are formed at the other ends of the plurality of shift rails 56, respectively, and at the lower end of the shift lever 54, the shift lugs ( A control finger 55 is formed that is coupled to 57.

Therefore, the control finger 55 is connected to any one of the plurality of shift rails 57 of the shift rails 56 when the shift lever 54 is selected to shift the shift lever 54. When the shift lug 57 connected to the control finger 55 is moved in the axial direction by the operating force of the shift lever 54, the shift rail 56 is also moved.

The shift fork 60 is installed at one end of the shift rail 56 and at the same time, the fork mounting part 62 is installed to be movable in the axial direction of the shift rail 56 and the fork mounting part. It is formed in the lower portion of the 62 is composed of a fork bite 64 which is coupled to grab the outer surface of the sleeve (58).

Here, the fork mounting portion 62 has an installation hole 62a through which one end of the shift rail 56 is inserted at one side thereof, and the cross-sectional shape of the installation hole 62a is a lifting and lowering of the shift fork 60. It is formed long in the lifting direction of the shift fork 60 to be possible. Therefore, even if one end of the shift rail 56 is disposed to penetrate the installation hole 62a of the shift fork 60, the lifting and lowering of the shift fork 60 is not disturbed by the shift rail 56, and the The lifting and lowering of the shift fork 60 is appropriately guided by the mounting hole 62a and the shift rail 56.

In addition, the fork grip portion 64 is formed in a semicircular structure at a lower portion of the fork installation portion 62 and is fitted into a sleeve groove 58a formed along the outer circumference of the sleeve 58, and the sleeve groove 58a. The pad 66 is mounted to a portion of the side in contact with the side. That is, the fork gripping portion 64 and the sleeve 58 are connected in a structure capable of relative rotation but not relative movement in the axial direction.

On the other hand, the sleeve 58 is splined to the outer circumference of the hub 72 rotated together with the main shaft 70 of the manual transmission to be slidably moved by the shift fork 60, and disposed on the side of the hub 72. In addition to synchronizing the transmission gear 74, and is engaged with the transmission gear 74 to directly transmit the power of the hub (72).

The shift fork 60 and the shift rail 56 as described above are fastened to the front and rear surfaces of the shift fork 60 at one end of the shift rail 56 so that relative movement in the axial direction is impossible. 68 are protruded from each other. The locking jaw 68 is a stopper of a flange structure protruding along the outer circumference of the shift rail 56, and prevents the shift fork 60 from being axially moved along the shift rail 56 and the shift. It also serves to guide the lifting of the fork 60.

In addition, an elastic member 69 is installed between the shift rail 56 and the shift fork 60 so that the shift fork 60 is elastically supported by the shift rail 56. The elastic member 69 is disposed in the installation hole 62a to provide elastic force to the shift fork 60 in a direction in which the shift fork 60 is separated from the sleeve 58.

On the other hand, the shift fork elevating means 80 is a through-hole 82 formed on the other side of the shift fork 60, the manual transmission is disposed to pass through the through-hole portion 82 and parallel to the shift rail 56 The catching grooves 86 formed on the lifting rails 84 provided on the 50 and the lifting rails 84 in the lifting direction of the shift fork 60 and disposed on the shift completion points of the shift fork 60, respectively. And a locking protrusion 88 protruding from the through-hole portion 82 to be inserted into the locking groove 86.

The through hole 82 is formed at a position spaced apart from the installation hole 62a by a predetermined distance, and similarly to the installation hole 62a, the shift fork 60 has a cross-sectional shape such that the shift fork 60 can be elevated. Is formed long in the lifting direction.

The lifting rail 84 is disposed in parallel with the shift rail 56 to allow the shift fork 60 to move, and both ends thereof are fixed to the housing 52 of the manual transmission 50.

Here, the shift fork 60 is supported in the direction to be separated from the sleeve 58 by the elastic member 69, the wall surface of the through hole 82 to the lifting rail 84 is in close contact with the slide. It is a state.

The locking grooves 86 are spaced apart from the lifting rails 84 so that a plurality of the locking grooves 86 correspond to the synchronous completion position and the neutral position of each shift stage with respect to the shift fork 60, and the locking projections 88 are A single number protrudes from the wall of the through hole portion 82 of the shift fork 60 so as to face the locking groove 86.

Therefore, when the shift lever 54 is shifted and the shift fork 60 is moved along the elevating rail 84, the locking projections 88 are coupled or separated to the plurality of locking grooves 86. The shift fork 60 and the sleeve 58 are stitched or separated, and the lifting height of the shift fork 60 corresponds to the protruding height of the locking protrusion 88.

Such a locking groove 86 and the locking projection 88 is formed in a hemispherical structure to facilitate coupling and separation.

Looking at the operation and effect of the shift operating mechanism of the manual transmission according to the first embodiment of the present invention configured as described above are as follows.

First, when the shift lever 54 is selected and operated by a driver, the control finger 55 of the shift lever 54 is engaged with one of the shift lugs 57 of the plurality of shift rails 56, and the shift When the lever 54 is shifted by the driver, the shift lug 57 coupled with the control finger 55 is moved forward and backward to move the shift rail 56 in the axial direction.

As the shift rail 56 is moved as described above, the shift fork 60 is moved together, and the shift fork 60 is slidably moved along the lifting rail 84.

At this time, the locking projection 88 of the shift fork 60 is inserted into any one of the plurality of locking grooves 86 formed in the lifting rail 84, as the shift fork 60 is moved After the separation from the locking groove 86 is moved to another locking groove 86 is recombined again.

Here, when the locking projection 88 is coupled to the locking groove 86, as shown in Figure 4, the shift fork 60 is raised to separate from the sleeve 58, the locking projection 88 When it is separated from the locking groove 86, as shown in FIG. 5, the shift fork 60 is lowered and bitten by the sleeve 58.

Specifically, when shift shifting is performed to the high end, the neutral, and the low end according to the shift operation of the shift lever 54, the first and second locking grooves corresponding to the high end, the neutral, and the low end of the elevating rail 84 are provided. 86a, 86b, and 86c are formed, respectively, so that the shift forks 60 are separated from the sleeve 58 in the first, second, and third locking grooves 86a, 86b, and 86c, which are points at which shifting is completed. Friction between the shift fork 60 and the sleeve 58 is prevented, and is coupled with the sleeve 58 between the first, second and third locking grooves 86a, 86b, and 86c in which the shift is performed. Shifting is performed by moving.

Therefore, since the shift fork 60 is bitten by the sleeve 58 when shifting and is separated from the sleeve 58 when shifting is completed, the shift fork 60 and the sleeve during power transmission of the manual transmission 50. Friction of (58) is prevented to prevent power loss and wear.

On the other hand, the shift operation mechanism of the manual transmission according to the first embodiment of the present invention is a plurality of spaced apart protruding lower portion of the lifting rail 84 so that the locking projection 88 corresponds to the shift completion point of the shift fork (60). In addition, the locking groove 86 may be formed in the number of steps so that the locking projection 88 is inserted into the wall of the through-hole portion 82 of the shift fork 60.

6 is a cross-sectional view showing a shift operating mechanism of a manual transmission according to a second embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view showing the main part of FIG. 6, and FIG. 8 is a shift according to a second embodiment of the present invention. When the shift of the operating mechanism is completed, the main part is an operational state diagram.

Here, the same reference numerals as the above-mentioned drawings indicate the same members.

As shown in FIGS. 6 to 8, the shift fork lift means 90 of the manual transmission according to the second embodiment of the present invention may include a shift fork in the housing 52 of the manual transmission 50. A locking groove 92 formed in a lifting direction of the 60 and disposed at a shift completion point of the shift fork 60 and protruding from the shift fork 60 so as to be inserted into the locking groove 92. 94, and other constructions are the same as those of the first embodiment described above.

That is, a single number of locking protrusions 94 protrude from the upper end of the fork mounting portion 62 of the shift fork 60, and shift to the housing 52 of the manual transmission 50 facing the locking protrusion 94. A plurality of locking grooves 92a, 92b and 92c corresponding to the angular shifting stage and the neutral position of the fork 60 are formed.

The fork mounting portion 62 of the shift fork 60 is slidably adhered to the housing 52 of the manual transmission 50 by the elastic force of the elastic member 69, and the housing of the manual transmission 50. An upper end of the fork installation unit 62 is inserted into the 52, and a guide groove 96 is formed to guide the axial movement of the shift fork 60.

On the other hand, the shift operation mechanism of the manual transmission according to the second embodiment of the present invention is a plurality of the housing 52 of the manual transmission 50 so that the engaging projection 94 corresponds to the shift completion point of the shift fork (60). Is spaced apart from each other, the locking groove 92 is of course a single number may be formed so that the locking projection 88 is inserted into the upper end of the shift fork (60).

As described above, the shift operating mechanism of the manual transmission according to the present invention has been described with reference to the illustrated drawings. Of course, variations are possible.

That is, the locking projection and the locking groove may be formed at various positions according to the design conditions of the manual transmission, and may be manufactured in other shapes other than the semi-circular structure to facilitate coupling and separation.

In the shift operation mechanism of the manual transmission according to the present invention configured as described above, the shift fork is bitten by the sleeve by the shift fork lifting means only when the shift operation, and the shift fork is separated from the sleeve by the shift fork lifting means when the shift is completed. Since power is transmitted in a state where the shift fork and the sleeve are separated, power loss due to friction is prevented, and power transmission efficiency of the manual transmission is increased.

In addition, since the friction between the shift fork and the sleeve is prevented during transmission of the power transmission of the manual transmission, high temperature frictional heat is not generated between the shift fork and the sleeve to prevent thermal deformation of parts, and at the same time, pad wear of the shift fork is prevented. There is little advantage that the life of the shift fork is extended.

In addition, even if the shift fork is used for a long time there is no play caused by the wear of the pad between the shift fork and the sleeve, there is an advantage that the inclination of the sleeve and the flow of the sleeve due to the play between the shift fork and the sleeve is prevented have.

In addition, if the tilting of the sleeve is prevented, the perpendicularity to the axis of the sleeve is secured, and if the flow of the sleeve is prevented, collision and noise generated between the sleeve and the shift fork are prevented, so that the shifting feeling of the manual transmission is prevented. Not only is this improved, but there is also an effect of preventing shifting defects.

1 is a cross-sectional view showing a shift operating mechanism of a manual transmission according to the prior art,

2 is a cross-sectional view showing a shift operating mechanism of the manual transmission according to the first embodiment of the present invention;

3 is a cross-sectional view showing the main part of FIG.

Figure 4 is an operating state diagram showing the main part when the shift of the shift operation mechanism according to the first embodiment of the present invention,

5 is an operation state diagram showing the main part during the shift of the shift operation mechanism according to the first embodiment of the present invention,

6 is a cross-sectional view showing a shift operating mechanism of a manual transmission according to a second embodiment of the present invention;

7 is a cross-sectional view showing the main part of FIG.

8 is an operation state diagram showing the main part when the shift of the shift operation mechanism according to the second embodiment of the present invention is shown.

<Explanation of symbols on main parts of the drawings>

50: manual transmission 52: shift operation mechanism

54: shift lever 55: control finger

56: shift rail 57: shifting lug

58: sleeve 60: shift fork

62: fork mounting portion 64: fork hook portion

66: Pad 68: Hanging Jaw

69: elastic member 80, 90: shift fork lifting means

82: through hole 84: lifting rail

86,92: locking groove 88,94: locking projection

96: guide hole

Claims (13)

A shift rail moved in the axial direction by an operating force of the shift lever; A shift fork mounted on one end of the shift rail to move the sleeve of the synchronizer when the shift lever is shifted; And a shift fork elevating means for selectively elevating the shift fork to be coupled to the sleeve when the shift fork is shifted and separated from the sleeve when the shift is completed. The method of claim 1, And the shift fork is installed to be movable up and down in one of radial directions of the shift rail, and is installed to be fixed in the axial direction of the shift rail. The method according to claim 1 or 2, A shift operating mechanism of a manual transmission, characterized in that an elastic member is provided between the shift fork and the shift rail to provide an elastic force in a lifting direction of the shift fork. The method of claim 3, wherein And the elastic member elastically supports the shift fork in a direction in which the shift fork is separated from the sleeve. The method of claim 1, The shift fork lifting means includes a through hole formed on one side of the shift fork, a lifting rail disposed in the housing of the manual transmission so as to penetrate the through hole and parallel to the shift rail, and a lifting fork of the shift fork on the lifting rail. And a locking groove portion disposed at each shift completion point of the shift fork and a locking protrusion protruding from the through hole portion to be inserted into the locking groove portion. The method of claim 1, The shift fork elevating means includes a through hole formed on one side of the shift fork, a lifting rail disposed in the housing of the manual transmission so as to penetrate the through hole and parallel to the shift rail, and a lifting fork of the shift fork on the lifting rail. And a locking protrusion disposed at each shift completion point of the shift fork, and a locking groove formed at the through hole so that the locking protrusion can be inserted into the shift fork. The method according to claim 5 or 6, The through hole portion shift operation mechanism of the manual transmission, characterized in that the cross-sectional shape is formed long in the lifting direction so that the shift fork can be lifted. The method of claim 7, wherein The elevating rail is disposed in parallel to the position spaced apart from the shift rail, the shift operating mechanism of the manual transmission, characterized in that both ends are fixed to the housing of the manual transmission. The method of claim 8, Shifting mechanism of the manual transmission, characterized in that the engaging projection and the engaging groove portion is formed in a hemispherical structure. The method of claim 1, The shift fork raising and lowering means is formed in the housing of the manual transmission in the direction of lifting the shift fork, and each of the locking grooves disposed at the shift completion point of the shift fork and the locking projection protruding from the shift fork to be inserted into the locking groove. Shifting mechanism of the manual transmission, characterized in that configured to include. The method of claim 1, The shift fork elevating means includes a locking protrusion protruding from the shift fork of the shift fork to the housing of the manual transmission, and a locking protrusion protruding from the shift fork so as to be inserted into the locking fork. Shifting mechanism of the manual transmission, characterized in that configured to. The method of claim 10 or 11, The housing of the manual transmission is a shift operating mechanism of the manual transmission, characterized in that a guide groove for guiding the movement of the shift fork is formed. The method of claim 12, Shifting mechanism of the manual transmission, characterized in that the engaging projection and the engaging groove portion is formed in a hemispherical structure.