KR20050082020A - Method of preparation for functional fertilizer with liguid phase - Google Patents

Abstract

The company intends to manufacture liquid fertilizers using organic waste, starfish and waste shiitake with high water content. It is to provide a way to reuse.

This company utilizes starfish, which is a problem in destroying marine ecosystems as a useful resource in the manufacture of liquid fertilizers using organic wastes with high moisture content such as livestock manure, food waste, food and slaughterhouse by-products, and as waste after mushroom cultivation. The purpose of the present invention is to provide a method for producing a functional organic liquid fertilizer containing a large amount of natural active ingredients suitable for pollution-free organic farming by recycling waste wood waste.

Description

Method for preparation of liquid fertilizer using organic waste, starfish and waste shiitake {Method of preparation for functional fertilizer with liguid phase}

In farms, excessive use of chemical fertilizers has resulted in acidification of soils, reduced intellect, increased pesticide use caused by pests, and threatened the ecosystem.In addition, wastewater from livestock manure, leachate from food waste, food and slaughterhouses is properly purified. They were discharged to a serious condition that contaminated rivers and groundwater.

The present application aims to produce liquid fertilizers using organic wastes with high moisture content such as livestock manure, food waste, food and slaughterhouse by-products, and especially high moisture content such as livestock manure, food waste, food and slaughterhouse by-products, which are difficult to decompose. Organic wastes are processed in stages and then contacted with starfish, waste shiitake, pumice and granite. By filtering, it is intended to produce a functional liquid fertilizer containing natural active ingredients such as nitrogen, phosphoric acid, carry and calcium, amino acids, chitin, minerals necessary for plant growth.

In particular, the production of liquid fertilizers using high-moisture-refractory organic wastes such as livestock manure, food waste, food and slaughterhouse by-products destroys marine ecosystems as a useful resource. The present invention relates to a method for producing a functional organic liquid fertilizer containing a large amount of natural useful ingredients suitable for pollution-free organic farming by recycling waste wood waste.

With the development of industrial technology, the livestock industry, food industry, and various food processing industries are also becoming more specialized, industrialized, and grouped, and the generation of various wastewaters is rapidly increasing, and high organic waste wastewaters such as livestock manure, food waste, food and slaughterhouse by-products There is no proper disposal method, which is becoming a social problem.These wastes are used for the recycling of high-content organic waste such as livestock manure, food waste, food and slaughterhouse by-products containing high concentrations of organic matter, nitrogen and phosphorus. Many methods have been attempted for kneading, fermenting, ripening and composting them for use in organic fertilizers, but this is also a frequent failure of the composting facilities, difficulty in controlling the moisture content, corrosion and frequent failures of the equipment, and composting them. Final leachate is less than environmental standard Today's reality is that we are struggling with the process without being discharged.

In addition, starfish are the main culprit of destroying marine ecosystems, causing enormous damage to fishermen. Waste shiitake has been used as a sawdust or firewood after growing shiitake mushrooms, but due to rising labor costs, it is being left unattended on the site. to be.

In recent years, a lot of researches have been conducted to resource livestock wastewater and starfish with liquid fertilizer. Although it is being developed, economic solutions have not been proposed yet due to the excessive treatment cost and the lack of liquid fertilizer.

In addition, some products are being distributed by the development of functional fertilizer using starfish, but due to the high cost of treatment, the amount of use is limited to some.

Therefore, in order to solve the above problems, the present invention recycles high-moisture organic waste such as livestock manure, food waste, food and slaughterhouse by-products, and recycles insoluble resources such as starfish, waste wood, etc. An object of the present invention is to provide a method for producing an environmentally friendly functional liquid fertilizer containing active ingredients such as phosphoric acid, carry and calcium, chitosan, minerals.

In addition, the functional liquid fertilizers are supplied to farms. By making it effective, it will effectively improve acidified soils and increase intellect so that crops can be grown robustly, which contributes to the development of eco-friendly organic farming, which reduces the use of pesticides and reduces the yield of pesticides.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention, instead of purifying and discharged organic wastes having high moisture content, such as livestock manure, food waste, food and slaughterhouse by-products, elutes nitrogen, phosphoric acid, and Kali components in the wastewater, and starfish and waste elevation The goal is to provide functional liquid fertilizers that can be recycled and recycled with organic fertilizers needed for plant growth by contacting and filtering with wood, pumice and granite in turn.

Our company uses organic wastes with high moisture content such as livestock manure, food waste, food and slaughterhouse by-products to destroy the marine ecosystem when manufacturing liquid fertilizers. Recycled waste wood is characterized by providing a functional organic liquid complex fertilizer containing a large amount of natural active ingredients suitable for pollution-free organic farming.

Considering the treatment conditions in case of recycling organic waste into liquid ratio, it is as follows.

① Economic feasibility should be high.

② Do not cause secondary pollution, such as the generation of odors or the habitat of pests such as flies in the treatment process.

③ The concentration of harmful substances such as heavy metals, salts, harmful organic acids, oils, surfactants, reducing substances, and harmful substances such as harmful pathogenic microorganisms should not be high.

④ Fertilizer components such as nitrogen, phosphoric acid and girly, substances that promote plant growth, physiologically active substances, etc., must contain a large amount of substances useful for plant growth.

Technical idea of the present application in the method for producing a liquid fertilizer using a high concentration of organic waste, such as livestock waste water, food waste,

The first step of separating the high concentration organic wastewater using a concentrator and cultivating microorganisms using a bio-clod and using it to corrode organic matter to obtain a stabilized basic mother liquor:

The second step is to use the stabilized basic mother liquor as a filter medium and inject the micro air into the nutrient composition tank to elute the calcium, chitosan and amino acid components from the starfish to obtain the supplemental nutrient solution for plant growth. :

By using the waste liquid of the shiitake wood as a filter medium and injecting fine air, the untreated hardly decomposable material through the 1st and 2nd processes by using the wood fungus of waste shiitake wood as a separate seed or The third step of processing by sending to the biofilm filtration tank that induces microbial activity, contact oxidation, decomposition without the need for culture:

In order to supply various minerals necessary for plant growth to the mother liquor generated through the third process, it is passed through an inorganic nutrient tank filled with pumice and granite, and contains high concentrations of active ingredients such as nitrogen, phosphoric acid, Kari and calcium, chitosan and minerals. It can be achieved by a method for producing an environmentally friendly functional liquid fertilizer.

The first process of the present application can be used by selectively modifying any of several processes that have been developed and used as in the prior art for the treatment of high concentration organic waste such as livestock wastewater and food waste.

In this application, Figure 1 introduces a description of the sedimentation screen tank, concentration tank, anoxic tank, culture tank, aerobic corrosion tank, solid-liquid separation tank which are commonly used in general wastewater treatment, but this is just one example. As well as existing notices. O common. Any number of wastewater treatment processes can be used.

In the present application, the livestock manure sludge disclosed in Utility Model No. 2003-24490 is continuously concentrated to use a rotary concentrator developed to lower the water content of sludge and reduce the organic load, thereby improving the treatment efficiency of the rear stage. The primary purpose of this is to remove the organic components of solids by primarily separating the solid wastewater from the wastewater and to transfer NH3 or P2O4, the main components of the dissolved liquid fertilizer, to the next process.

In addition, the present invention partially adopts a method for treating livestock wastewater disclosed in Patent No. 1998-0040150 and Patent No. 1998-0042740. And the bio-clod system of the above patent is intended to be used in the culture tank of the present application.

In general, in order to use as a compost, fertilizer, and livestock feed, starfish were used after being crushed to dryness. However, since starfish are epidermal animals, since they contain a lot of animal protein, they are difficult to dry and take a lot of time to dry.

Even if the starfish is dried through this process, there is a problem that the mold is frequently caused to decay again when the humidity increases, and thus the amount of treatment of the starfish processed through this process is limited.

In addition, environmental pollution has resulted in the overproduction of starfish, and the overgrown starfish disrupts the balance of the ecosystem, and these overgrown starfish eat fish and shellfish that inhabit tidal flats, farms, and the sea, causing damage to fishermen. There is a situation.

Starfish contain a large amount of protein and amino acids, and if left untreated, it quickly decays, causing enormous damage to the fisheries industry. In this application, the starfish is primarily used to effectively utilize the useful inorganic components of the starfish. It is dried for 3 hours at a temperature to delay the decomposition of organic components such as protein and immersed in the composition of nutrient composition to be gradually degraded by active microorganisms, so as to dissolve together with inorganic nutrients.

It is reported that the inorganic component of the starfish shows the composition shown in (Table 1).

division Ash Ca p k Mg 100% - 30.2 1.4 1.6 2.1

These components are introduced into the plant and act as components of elution calcium source, amino acid, chitin (chitosan), minerals, etc. When used in crops, it promotes rooting and growth, activates effective soil growth, increases resistance to pests, prevents various physiological disorders, and colors fruits. In addition to the effects of increasing sugar content, prevention of serial damage, etc., since they are manufactured from natural substances, they function as a multifunctional liquid containing a large number of natural active ingredients suitable for pollution-free organic farming.

In particular, chitosan, and acid to promote lean module 1 molecules and four binding Ca ²⁺ absorbed from the roots to combine with Ca ²⁺ receptor protein carboxylic module children Ca ^2+, which is much distributed in the plant cell. By a carboxylic nose dyulrin combination with Ca ²⁺ α- amylase, ATP ase, NAD group or the, myosin L-type machine or sheet, the amount of movement of the stem of the plant against such increase in the Ca ²⁺ uptake in the root is increased Ca ²⁺ It is known to treat and prevent various symptoms and damage caused by deficiency.

The following is a description of shiitake trees.

Waste shiitake wood, which has produced shiitake mushrooms for more than 3 years, cleans up the fragile parts of the surface and improves the activity of wood fungus, which is shiitake mushroom, once every 2 days The above water is used to increase humidity and store it for one month to increase the activity of wood fungi, and then, by stacking the waste shiitake tree as a filter in a biofilm filter tank, a biofilm is formed on the surface of the filter media to digest untreated organic matter in the aerobic caustic tank. Disassemble it. Lung shiitake mushrooms and various kinds of wood fungi are left in them, and their spawns are made naturally, and wood fungi (brown fungi, white fungi) that degrade cellulose and lignin are not broken down in the aerobic cavern. It is possible to produce high quality liquid fertilizers by decomposing the remaining hardly decomposable high molecular materials so that the plants can be easily absorbed. In addition, as the corrosion progresses, the pores of the shiitake tree are expanded, and the surface area where microorganisms can grow is widened, thereby expanding the function of the biofilm.

Shiitake mushrooms generally promote the production of antibodies, and it is known that there are many protein polysaccharides having such efficacy in mushroom mycelium, which remains in lung shiitake. As these substances are eluted and finally absorbed by the plant, the immunity of the plant is improved, and the plant can be grown with a strong resistance to various pests.

Hereinafter, with reference to the accompanying drawings 1 will be described in detail the configuration and operation of the present invention.

      1 is a process flow chart of a liquid fertilizer manufacturing method using an organic waste according to the present invention, Figure 2 is a detailed view showing an implementation specification of the liquid fertilizer manufacturing apparatus using an organic waste according to the present invention.

When the livestock manure is described in detail with reference to Figures 1 and 2 in order to embody the present invention, the livestock manure is primarily separated from the solids and liquids, so that the solids are screened and used as compost. The components are collected and stored in the raw water reservoir 1. Here, a certain amount of raw water is stored and supplied to the sedimentation screen tank (2) through a conduit. In the sedimentation screen tank (2) to filter out the contaminants that cause clogging and wear of the mechanical facilities of the post-treatment process, sediment with a high specific gravity is precipitated and removed, and then the raw water is introduced into the concentration tank (5).

The concentrating tank 5 operates the stirrer 37 to prevent the precipitation of solids, and the sludge powder conveyed through the conduit 26 from the solid-liquid separation tank 1 (10) and the raw water passed through the immersion screen tank 3 are concentrated and sludge concentrators. Sludge concentrator (4) is primarily used to solidify the slurry wastewater to remove the organic components of solids, and to dissolve the liquid constituents, NH3 or P2O4, into the next process. .

At this time, the solid content contains high concentration of organic matter and hardly decomposable substance, and the sludge returned from the solid-liquid separation tank (1, 2) stays in the concentration tank for one day, and the phosphorus absorbed by microorganisms in the aerobic corrosion tank is eluted again in anaerobic state. The sludge from which the phosphorus component is discharged is removed and transferred to the composting facility, and the liquid component is transferred to the anoxic tank 6 with phosphorus eluted from the concentration tank 5.

In the oxygen-free tank (6) by denitrifying the nitrogen nitrate in the aerobic corrosion tank to adjust the nitrogen content in a relatively high concentration of phosphoric acid, the carry of the liquid fertilizer and the raw water and aerobic corrosion tank (9) introduced from the concentration tank (5) The aerobic corrosive liquid returned using the return pump (29) at the same time, the organic matter removal effect (25 to 50% of influent, COD-7mg COD / mg NO3) with a buffering effect before entering the aerobic corrosion tank (9) Bring. An agitator 38 is installed in the oxygen-free tank 6 to induce mixing with raw water through the sludge condenser 4 conveyed from the solid-liquid separation tank 1 (10) and the aerobic corrosion tank (9) to induce denitrification and deposit solids. Will be prevented.

The aerobic corrosion tank (9) is supplied with a mixed solution of aerobic corrosion and raw water from the anoxic tank (6) to supply the air supplied through the broa using an acid pipe and incubated in an aerobic state (DO: 1.5 ~ 2mg / L) 7) Corrosion of organic components is made by the active microorganisms supplied from the above, and after the corrosion is completed, the caustic solution is naturally flowed to the solid-liquid separation tank 1 (10) for the separation of the solid-liquid, and some of them are about 0.5Q to 3Q relative to the inflow (Q). According to the concentration of nitrogen, it is returned to the oxygen-free tank 6 by using the conveying pump 29 to remove nitrogen, and the corrosion solution is circulated using the defoaming pump 30 to remove the bubbles and sprayed into the aerobic corrosion tank 9. To be used as a parcel.

In the solid-liquid separation tank 1 (10) separating the corrosive liquid solids and the liquid components supplied from the aerobic corrosion tank (9), the solid components separated by the air lift (26) are placed in a 85-95% concentration tank in a culture tank using a ball valve. It is divided into 5-15%.

In the culture tank (7), the culture medium is circulated using the defoaming pump (27) to remove bubbles, and air is supplied to the BIO-CLOD (8), which is a microorganism control tank carrier, through the acid pipe (28) to culture active microorganisms at a high concentration. And the cultured microorganisms are supplied to the aerobic corrosion tank (9).

The supernatant separated from the solid-liquid separation tank 1 (10) is transferred to the nutrient adjusting tank 12, the nutrient composition tank 12 is composed of a starfish (11), pumice (13), granite (14) media The air supplied by the vortex is vortexed onto the surface of the media by using the diffuser 33 to prevent decay and to increase friction with the media by the highly oxidized corrosion solution (pH6.5 to 7.5) in the aerobic corrosion tank (9). In the starfish filter medium 11, calcium, nitrogen, chitosan, amino acids, etc. necessary for plant growth are continuously eluted for a long time, and various mineral components are eluted from minerals such as pumice and granite (13, 14). The eluate is transferred to the biofilm filtration tank 15 as natural oil.

The biofilm filtration tank 15 is immersed in the waste shiitake wood 16 and pumice and granite (17, 18), the growth of adherent microorganisms in aerobic state by the air supplied by the diffuser 34, in particular the lung altitude Organic substances that are not partially decomposed by the mushroom strain remaining in the neck (16) and refractory components such as cellulose and lignin supplied from animal feed are decomposed and removed by the action of shiitake mushroom and wood fungus.

In addition, various minerals are eluted again by passing through the pumice and granite (17, 18), and by using the defoaming pump (35) to remove and prevent the generation of bubbles in the biofilm filtration tank (15) and the nutrient control tank (12). do.

In the solid-liquid separation tank 2 (19), the filtrate introduced into the natural oil from the biofilm filtration tank (15) is separated into solid-liquid by gravity sedimentation, and the solid content is 5-10% by the concentration tank using the air lift (32). About 90-95% is transferred to the composition tank and undergoes an asset process, and the supernatant is transferred to the inorganic nutrition tank 20 as a natural oil.

Inorganic nutrient tank (20) is composed of a pumice, granite (21) and acid pipes (39) for supplying air using broria to elute minerals, and inorganic nutrients are eluted to the maturing liquid tank (22). Transferred.

In the ripening liquid bath 22 to supply air through the broa (25) to prevent the generation of odors, using a defoaming pump 36 is used as a parcel water of the ripening liquid tank 22 and the inorganic nutrient tank 20 and pumice The granite 23 is supplied with insufficient minerals, and finally the aged liquid ratio is transferred to the liquid ratio storage tank 24 using an underwater pump 36.

The organic liquid fertilizer is intended to recycle high-water content organic wastewater, such as livestock manure, which is a natural waste resource, without the chemical process or artificial reaction process by using starfish or waste shiitake. Because of its size, it is a functional liquid fertilizer containing active ingredients such as nitrogen, phosphoric acid, carry and calcium, chitosan, and minerals contained in this functional liquid fertilizer, and is absorbed into the soil in an environmentally friendly manner.

By using the functional liquid fertilizer in farms, it is effective to improve the acidified soil and increase the intelligence to grow crops robustly, so as to reduce the use of pesticides to reduce the use of pesticides and to increase the yield of eco-friendly organic farming.

Hereinafter, the method for preparing the organic liquid fertilizer will be described in detail with reference to examples of use.

EXAMPLE

Experimental analysis of 3m3 of pig manure from livestock farm in Yangdong pig farm in Yangpyeong-gun, Gyeonggi-do A) Analysis of the contents of intake of pig manure (stock solution) was carried out as follows. The starfish is dried at 150 ° C. for 3 hours to delay the decomposition of organic components such as protein, immersing 70 l in a nutrient composition, and performing the second step. After processing 70 l of waste shiitake in the form of coarse chopsticks, 100 liters of liquid fertilizers were prepared by carrying out the third process using the filter medium and passing the inorganic nutrient supply tank filled with pumice 116ℓ and granite 116ℓ in the mother liquor generated through the third process. ) Same as the processing liquid ratio component table.

A) Pig manure inflow (stock solution)

ingredient nitrogen sign K Ca Mg Na Mn Chitin COD (Mn) pH TN NH3 NO3 TP P2O4 Content (mg / L) 2710 1415 - 571 318 1061 257 167 224 64 - 6100 8.02

B) Treatment liquid ratio component

ingredient nitrogen sign K Ca Mg Na Mn Chitin COD (Mn) pH TN NH3 NO3 TP P2O4 Content (mg / L) 828 682 96 284 239 874 274 68 211 22 21 820 6.24

The prepared liquid fertilizers were aerated for 1 day to produce organic functional liquid fertilizers, and crop cultivation experiments were conducted to confirm their usefulness, and the following cultivation results were obtained.

       Crop cultivation experiment comparison table

 division Cultivated crops  Dilution rate (liquid ratio: water) Application      Fertilization method         Cultivation Result  Test subject Lettuce   100 times  5 times Spray 5 leaves every 5 days  Good shelf life, rich in chlorophyll, soft and fresh leaves. cabbage   100 times  5 times Spray 5 leaves every 5 days  Leaves are dark green, high in chlorophyll, leaves are soft and fresh. cucumber   50 times  5 times Spray every 5 days from the stem 10 Cm  Leaves are dark green, no pests, firm and fresh cucumber flesh Chrysanthemum   50 times  5 times Spray every 5 days from when there are 5 leaves  No insects, wide leaves, dark green, fresh Strawberry   50 times  5 times Spray every 5 days from 5 leaves  No pest, no fruit, hard, purple, fresh

The organic functional liquid fertilizer prepared by the manufacturing method of the present invention can reduce environmental pollution by recycling various kinds of wastes, as well as nitrogen and phosphoric acid necessary for the growth of pollution-free organic products using only natural raw materials without using chemical fertilizers. A large amount of liquid fertilizer, containing cary, calcium, chitin, amino acids and minerals, can be provided.

In the present invention, in the composting process for treating livestock wastewater, the leachate is not properly treated and discharged, causing serious environmental problems. Therefore, the leachate treatment problem is solved and the organic matter is rapidly generated by the active microorganisms generated by the bioclad. Oxidation and odor removal can be achieved to maintain a stable livestock wastewater treatment system.

In particular, the implementation of the present invention can solve the problems of environmental pollution that may be caused when discarded by utilizing the livestock wastewater, starfish and waste wood that are insoluble resources.

       1 is a process flowchart of a liquid fertilizer manufacturing method using an organic waste according to the present invention.

Figure 2 is a detailed view showing the implementation specifications of the liquid fertilizer production apparatus using the organic waste according to the present invention.

※ * Explanation of symbols for main parts of drawing

1: raw water storage tank 2: sedimentation screen

3: sedimentation screen tank 4: sludge thickener

5: concentration tank 6: anoxic tank

9: aerobic corrosion tank

Claims (3)

In the method for producing a liquid fertilizer using high concentration organic wastewater, such as livestock manure, food waste, food and slaughterhouses, The first step of separating the high concentration organic wastewater using a concentrator and culturing the microorganism using a bio-clod system and using it to corrode organic matter to obtain a stabilized basic mother liquor: The second step of using the stabilized basic mother liquor as a medium to inject the fine air into the nutrient composition tank to elute calcium, chitosan and amino acids from the starfish to obtain supplemental nutrients for plant growth: By using waste shiitake as a filter medium in the secondary process of the second process, it is sent to a biofilm filtration tank for injecting fine air, and the untreated hardly decomposable material is separated by using wood fungi of the waste shiitake. The third step is to enhance the function as a mediator that induces microbial activity without the need for spawning or cultivation of the microorganism, thereby causing the catalytic oxidation Method for producing a functional liquid fertilizer, characterized in that through the third step to pass through the inorganic nutrient supply tank filled with pumice, granite in order to supply various minerals necessary for plants to the mother liquor generated. The method of claim 1, In nutrient composition, the starfish, which is a waste product, is first dried at 150 ° C for 3 hours to delay the decomposition of organic components such as proteins, immersed in nutrient composition, and gradually degraded by active microorganisms. Method for producing a liquid fertilizer characterized in that it is utilized as a filter medium to be eluted. The biofilm filtration tank is a liquid fertilizer manufacturing method characterized in that the primary processing of the waste shiitake wood as a filter medium to decompose hardly decomposable substances using mushroom bacteria contained in the shiitake wood.