KR20050052333A - Composition for action of resist-fire and fire-extinguishing - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to an environmentally friendly flame retardant and fire extinguishing pharmaceutical composition, and more particularly, monobasic sodium phosphate, diammonium phosphate, borax, boric acid, polyoxyalkylated alkyl phosphoric acid ester and It relates to a flame retardant and fire extinguishing pharmaceutical composition comprising water.

Description

Composition for action of fire and extinguishing {Composition for action of resist-fire and fire-extinguishing}

The present invention relates to an environmentally friendly flame retardant and fire extinguishing pharmaceutical composition, and more particularly, monobasic sodium phosphate, diammonium phosphate, borax, boric acid, polyoxyalkylated alkyl phosphoric acid ester and It relates to a flame retardant and fire extinguishing pharmaceutical composition comprising water.

In reality, the use of electricity and fire is increasing, but residential spaces, large shopping malls, factories, and hospitality establishments are densely distributed and are enclosed and are vulnerable to fire. Therefore, once a fire breaks out, it often develops into a large fire accident such as subway fire or wildfire. It is important to extinguish a fire early in order to prevent such a fire from becoming larger.

By the way, most of the extinguishing agents currently used are almost no flame retardant function, weak to heat, causing a secondary reaction after use, the flame retardant function is almost exhausted, there is a problem that the fire is easily re-ignited. In addition, it contains a large amount of harmful components there is a problem that is harmful to the human body when inhaled.

Therefore, there is a need for a fire extinguishing and extinguishing agent composition that exhibits strong extinguishing and flame retardant properties to prevent fire from spreading during the fire suppression process and to prevent re-ignition after fire extinguishing. In addition, there is a need for excellent heat resistance and environmentally friendly flame retardant and extinguishing pharmaceutical composition.

Existing extinguishing agents include bromine-containing hydrocarbons such as bromo trifluoromethane, which have low toxicity to the human body, do not leave residue after digestion, and have excellent digestion ability. Is expected.

As alternative extinguishing agents, nitrogen, nitrogen and argon and carbon dioxide mixtures, trifluoromethane, chlorodifluoromethane and the like were used. However, when only nitrogen is used as the extinguishing agent, a large amount of nitrogen is required, and since nitrogen is stored in the form of a compressed gas having a low density, a large storage space is required. In addition, the use of HCFC, HFC-based fire extinguishing agent has the disadvantage of causing environmental problems such as ozone layer destruction, global warming. In addition, carbon dioxide extinguishing agent is cheap and does not have to be a large storage, but has a disadvantage of high flame extinguishing concentration.

Korean Patent Publication Nos. 1996-14332 and 1997-3481 disclose conventional fire extinguishing agents, including extinguishing agents including ammonium sulfate, urea, trisodium phosphate, soda ash, sodium carbonate, sodium bicarbonate, and the like. Patent Publication No. 2003-58838 discloses an environmentally friendly liquid fire extinguishing solution consisting solely of ammonium sulfate and urea.

However, the conventional fire extinguishing agents disclosed above are used for extinguishing a fire after a fire, and there is almost no flame retardant function and the function of the extinguishing fire is almost exhausted.

Korean Patent Laid-Open No. 2001-110512 discloses a flame retardant composed of dicyandiamide resin, borax and methanol. However, it is only used as a flame retardant and cannot be used for extinguishing after a fire.

In addition, Korean Patent Laid-Open Publication No. 2003-18038 discloses an inorganic fire-retardant paint and a fire-retardant adhesive method for providing a fire-retardant paint or fire-retardant adhesive in which boric acid or borax and an optional pigment are added to a ceramic binder based on sodium silicate. In the prior art, it is applied to an outer surface or an adhesive surface of a wallpaper and the like to have a flame retardant effect, which is an aqueous material and is environmentally friendly in terms of no fire risk and no smell when working with water as a solvent. However, it cannot be used for extinguishing after a fire has occurred.

In addition, various flame retardant compositions and fire extinguishing agent compositions have been developed, but a pharmaceutical composition having both flame retardant and digestive ability is not disclosed.

Therefore, in order to effectively extinguish a fire, it is necessary to prevent a fire from spreading and to prevent re-ignition by embers. To this end, it is necessary to develop a drug having both flame retardant and fire extinguishing capacity.

Accordingly, the inventors have repeatedly tested the flame retardant when preparing a pharmaceutical composition using sodium monophosphate, ammonium diphosphate, borax, boric acid, polyoxyalkylated alkyl phosphoric acid ester, and water. The excellent efficacy of the fire can be quickly suppressed, excellent heat resistance, and confirmed that it can provide an environmentally friendly flame retardant and extinguishing pharmaceutical composition and completed the present invention.

Therefore, the present invention is a flame retardant pharmaceutical composition that does not deform even at high temperatures such as a fire and can reliably block re-ignition by embers during fire suppression, and an object thereof is to provide a pharmaceutical composition for extinguishing which is harmless to a human body.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a flame retardant and a fire extinguishing agent including a first sodium phosphate, a second ammonium phosphate, borax, boric acid, a polyoxyalkylated alkyl phosphoric acid ester, and water. Provide a pharmaceutical composition.

Flame retardant and fire extinguishing pharmaceutical composition must satisfy the following conditions.

First, fire and fire extinguishing ability must be shown simultaneously to prevent re-ignition by embers during firefighting.

Second, it must be able to maintain the flame retardant effect even at high temperatures by exhibiting heat resistance to withstand high temperatures.

Third, use materials that are harmless to human body and do not cause environmental pollution.

Fourth, when used as a digestive liquid is preferably prepared in a liquid state, at this time it is stored at room temperature, so it is present in a homogeneous state at room temperature, and no precipitate should occur.

Therefore, the present invention is characterized by including boric acid and borax in order to prepare a pharmaceutical composition having excellent flame retardancy and excellent heat resistance to withstand high temperatures.

In another aspect, the present invention is characterized in that it comprises a first sodium phosphate, a second ammonium phosphate to prepare a pharmaceutical composition with excellent digestibility.

In addition, the present invention provides a flame retardant and fire extinguishing composition further comprising a polyoxyalkylated alkyl phosphoric acid ester in order to prepare a pharmaceutical composition which is present in a homogeneous state at room temperature and does not generate a precipitate. It is characterized by manufacturing.

Referring to the present invention in more detail as follows.

Flame retardant is a substance that prevents burning, and the types of flame retardants are classified into oil and water according to their properties, and according to the flame retardant method, 1.The method of preventing the fire from spreading by lowering the fire point by blocking heat or cooling, 2. The method of blocking oxygen to prevent fire from spreading and the method of blocking heat and oxygen to prevent spreading fire can be classified as used.

The present invention is a flame retardant and fire extinguishing pharmaceutical composition used as a water-soluble method of preventing the spread of fire by blocking the heat and oxygen of the flame retardant method of 3 above.

The pharmaceutical composition of the present invention is prepared by including sodium monophosphate, diammonium diphosphate, borax, boric acid, polyoxyalkylated alkyl phosphoric acid ester, and water, and the hydrogen group is present even when heated. It absorbs oxygen and becomes water. It can also block the oxygen supply needed for ignition by contacting the deliquescent material that is well soluble in water and reacting with the ammonium and sodium remaining in the workpiece.

Looking at the characteristics of each of the components of the flame retardant and fire extinguishing pharmaceutical composition used in the present invention are as follows.

Sodium Phosphate (NaH ₂ PO ₄ ㆍ 2H ₂ O) is a substance used as a cleaning agent for cleaning boilers or as a culture agent for penicillin production. When heated above 100 ° C, water molecules are lost and sodium metaphosphate (NaH ₂ PO ₄ ) is formed. do. At this time, the heat is evaporated along with the water molecules to evaporate.

Ammonium Phosphate Dibasic (NH ₄ ) ₂ HPO ₄ ) is used as a dye dispersant, Bumrang glaze, fireproof paint compound, yeast culture agent, and emits ammonia (NH ₃ ) when it is heated over 155 ℃. While ammonium hydrogen phosphate (NH ₄ NaHPO ₄ ). It decomposes again at 240 ° C. (NaPO ₃ ) ₂ H ₂ O, which evaporates heat and blocks oxygen.

Therefore, the first sodium phosphate and the second ammonium phosphate serve to lower the temperature by evaporating heat when extinguishing the fire. In the case of using ammonium sulfate (Ammonium Sulfate) instead of the second ammonium phosphate in the composition, the initial flame retardant effect and fire suppression effect is excellent, but after a certain time the color of the coating changes and reacts with CO ₂ in the air Is generated, which makes it aesthetically unsightly.

Borax (Borax, Na ₂ B ₄ O ₇ ㆍ 10H ₂ O) is a substance used in glass, ceramics, preservatives, medicines, and cosmetics. It starts to decompose at 150 ℃, loses all water at 320 ℃ and turns into glass phase. Is 741 degreeC. It has excellent heat resistance and can withstand high temperatures and blocks heat and oxygen.

Boric acid (H ₃ BO ₃ ) is a substance used in antiseptic antiseptics, eye drops, ceramic glazes, artificial jewelry, and cosmetics. Boric acid loses its water molecules at 120 ° C and becomes boric acid (Boric acid tetra) at 160 ° C or higher, thus becoming resistant to high temperatures and blocking heat and oxygen.

Therefore, borax and boric acid enhance the heat resistance of the pharmaceutical composition according to the present invention, and effectively block the transfer of heat and oxygen to have excellent flame retardant ability even at high temperatures.

However, borax and boric acid has a low solubility in water, and when manufactured and stored in a liquid composition for flame retardant and fire extinguishing, there is a problem in that the effect is reduced. On the other hand, since the solubility increases at high temperatures, borax and boric acid were dissolved at high temperatures to prepare a flame retardant and fire extinguishing liquid composition. However, the flame retardant and fire extinguishing liquid compositions were mainly stored at room temperature.

In addition, in order to achieve a flame retardant function and a fire extinguishing function at the same time, when preparing a flame retardant and fire extinguishing liquid composition by mixing a first sodium phosphate, a second ammonium phosphate, boric acid, borax, water-soluble inorganic salts and boron compounds react with each other There was a problem in that it could not form a uniform liquid composition.

The present invention to solve the above problems provides a flame retardant and fire extinguishing pharmaceutical composition further comprises a polyoxyalkylated alkyl phosphoric acid ester (polyoxyalkylated alkyl phosphoric acid ester).

Polyoxyalkylated alkyl phosphoric acid esters are a type of nonionic surfactant.

Polyoxyalkylated alkyl phosphate esters have low solubility at room temperature to increase the solubility in water of boric acid and borax that formed precipitates, thereby preventing the formation of precipitates. To prevent formation of precipitates. In addition, by filming (HydroPhobic film) it plays a role of blocking secondary reaction, preventing discoloration, penetration.

The flame retardant and fire extinguishing pharmaceutical composition according to the present invention is prepared by mixing and stirring first sodium phosphate, diammonium phosphate, borax, boric acid, and polyoxyalkylated alkyl phosphate esters, followed by further mixing and stirring the balance of water. do.

At this time, each component may be mixed in various ratios, but the weight ratio of the first sodium phosphate, the second ammonium phosphate, borax, boric acid, polyoxyalkylated alkyl phosphate ester, and water is 1: 1 to 5: 0.3 to 1.5: 0.3 It is preferable to mix at 1.5 ~ 0.3: 1.5: 10 ~ 20.

More preferably, the weight ratio of the first sodium phosphate, the second ammonium phosphate, the borax, the boric acid, the polyoxyalkylated alkyl phosphate ester, and the water is mixed at 1: 3.76: 0.6: 0.8: 0.6: 13.24.

On the other hand, water is a component commonly used in fire extinguishing fluid and preferably contains at least 50% by weight of the total composition in order to effectively extinguish fire. More preferably 66.2% by weight of the total composition.

In addition, the flame retardant and extinguishing pharmaceutical composition of the present invention may be used by diluting in fire water for extinguishing a large fire such as a forest fire, and it is suitable to use it by diluting to a concentration of 10%.

Flame retardant and fire extinguishing pharmaceutical composition according to the present invention does not discharge the carcinogens and harmful components even in high-temperature reaction, and the semi-permanent effect is maintained unless washed with water after treatment can prevent re-ignition during fire suppression.

Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail by Examples and Experimental Examples.

The following examples are intended to illustrate the invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.

<Example 1>

50 kg of sodium monophosphate, 188 kg of diammonium phosphate, 30 kg of boric acid, 40 kg of boric acid, polyoxyalkylated alkyl phosphoric acid ester (CHEMPHOS TR-421) After mixing and stirring 30 kg sequentially, 662 kg of water is mixed and stirred to prepare a liquid flame retardant and fire extinguishing pharmaceutical composition.

<Comparative Example 1> Preparation of a pharmaceutical composition containing borax and borax

Based on 1000 kg of total pharmaceutical composition, 50 kg of sodium monophosphate, 188 kg of diammonium phosphate, 70 kg of ammonium sulfate, and 30 kg of polyoxyalkylated alkyl phosphoric acid ester (CHEMPHOS TR-421) are mixed and stirred in this order. To prepare a pharmaceutical composition by mixing and stirring 662kg of water.

Comparative Example 2 Preparation of Pharmaceutical Composition Without Polyoxyalkylated Alkyl Phosphate Ester

The pharmaceutical composition is prepared by mixing and stirring 50 kg of first sodium hydroxide phosphate, 188 kg of diammonium phosphate, 30 kg of borax, and 40 kg of boric acid, and then mixing and stirring 692 kg of water based on 1000 kg of the total pharmaceutical composition.

Experimental Example 1 Heat Resistance Test-Paper Wallpaper

The pharmaceutical compositions prepared in Example 1 and Comparative Example 1 were treated on paper wall paper having a width of 20 cm and a length of 29 cm, respectively, and then placed in a thermostat for 3 hours to measure heat resistance. The results are shown in Table 1.

Temperature Paper wallpaper Example 1 Comparative Example 1 150 ℃ No appearance deformation Turns yellow 250 ℃ No appearance deformation Turns yellow 350 ℃ Turns yellow Pale yellow 450 ℃ Turned pale yellow Carbonized 500 ℃ Carbonized (fine glassy residue)

According to Table 1, it can be seen that the paper wallpaper treated with the flame retardant and fire extinguishing pharmaceutical composition of Example 1, including borax and boric acid, has excellent heat resistance. On the other hand, paper wallpaper treated with the pharmaceutical composition of Comparative Example 1, which contained ammonium sulfate instead of borax and boric acid, had low heat resistance, and the surface of the product turned yellow.

Therefore, when preparing a flame retardant and fire extinguishing pharmaceutical composition including borax, borax can increase the heat resistance.

Experimental Example 2 Solubility and Stability Experiment

Each of the pharmaceutical compositions prepared in Example 1 and Comparative Example 2 was sealed in five 500ml sample bottles and placed in a thermostat, and the solubility and stability of the prepared pharmaceutical compositions were measured while observing at 10 ° C., 20 ° C. and 40 ° C. for 48 hours. It was. The results are shown in Table 2.

Temperature Exterior precipitate color Example 1 10 ℃ Sunny none No change 20 ℃ Sunny none No change 40 ℃ Sunny none No change Comparative Example 2 10 ℃ opacity has exist none 20 ℃ opacity has exist has exist 40 ℃ Sunny has exist Discoloration to pale yellow

According to Table 2, the flame retardant and fire extinguishing pharmaceutical composition prepared in Example 1 was transparent, and no precipitate was formed. On the other hand, the flame retardant and fire extinguishing pharmaceutical composition prepared in Comparative Example 2 without containing polyoxyalkylated alkyl phosphate ester was opaque and a precipitate was present.

Therefore, when preparing a flame retardant and fire extinguishing pharmaceutical composition including a polyoxyalkylated alkyl phosphate ester, it is possible to prepare a uniform liquid composition free of precipitates.

Experimental Example 3 Extinguishing Experiment-General Fire

Put 1.5ℓ gasoline into the steel angle burning zone 90cm long, 90cm long and 4cm high, stack 144 pieces of dried pine and alder 35ml each with lattices, turn on the gasoline, and after 3 minutes Digestion was done with a fire extinguisher. At this time, the two fire extinguishers were filled with the flame retardant and fire extinguishing pharmaceutical composition prepared in Example 1, respectively, and filled with water only (liquid 3 l, compressed air 8 kg / cm ² filling) and measured by the digestion time. This was carried out three times each, the average value of which is shown in Table 3 below.

Filling liquid Digestion time Example 1 8 sec 100% of water 108 seconds

According to Table 3, when extinguishing with a fire extinguisher filled with the flame retardant and extinguishing pharmaceutical composition of Example 1 according to the present invention, it was extinguished in 8 seconds, and when digested with a fire extinguisher filled with water, it took more than 10 times. . Therefore, when using the flame retardant and fire extinguishing pharmaceutical composition according to the present invention it can be seen that it can be quickly digested by reducing the digestion time.

Experimental Example 4 Digestion Experiment-Oil Fire

44.7cm wide, 44.7cm long and 30cm high were filled with 12cm water in an iron plate box, and 3cm of gasoline was added thereto. At this time, the two fire extinguishers were respectively prepared for the flame retardant and fire extinguishing pharmaceutical composition prepared in Example 1, and only water (filled 3L, compressed air 8kg / cm ² ) was measured by comparing the digestion time. This was done three times each, the average value of which is shown in Table 4 below.

Filling liquid Elapsed time Example 1 15 seconds 100% of water 420 seconds

According to Table 4, when extinguishing with a fire extinguisher filled with the flame retardant and fire extinguishing pharmaceutical composition of Example 1 according to the present invention, it was extinguished in 15 seconds, and when digested with a fire extinguisher filled with water, it took more than 30 times. .

Therefore, when using the flame retardant and fire extinguishing pharmaceutical composition according to the present invention it can be seen that it can be quickly digested by reducing the digestion time.

Experimental Example 5 Flame Experiment-Wallpaper

The flame retardant performance of the flame retardant and fire extinguishing agent composition of Example 1 for the wallpaper was tested by the Korea Fire Protection Corporation by the standard of flame retardant performance (KOFEIS 1001). The results are shown in Table 5 below.

standard Example 1 1 time Episode 2 3rd time Afterglow time Within 3 seconds 0.0 sec 0.0 sec 0.0 sec Remaining time Within 5 seconds 0.0 sec 0.0 sec 0.0 sec Ammunition Within 30㎠ 15.7㎠ 20.5㎠ 17.7㎠ Carbonization length Within 20cm 6.2 cm 6.5 cm 6.0 cm

According to Table 5, it can be seen that the flame retardant performance criteria are applied when the pharmaceutical composition for flame retardant and fire extinguishing according to the present invention is applied to a wallpaper. Therefore, the flame retardant and fire extinguishing pharmaceutical composition according to the present invention can confirm that the flame retardant effect is excellent.

Experimental Example 6 Flame Retardant Experiment-Fabric

The flame retardant performance of the flame retardant and fire extinguishing pharmaceutical composition of Example 1 for the fabric was tested by Korea Fire Protection Corporation by the standard of flame retardant performance (KOFEIS1001). The results are shown in Table 6 below.

standard Example 1 1 time Episode 2 3rd time Afterglow time Within 3 seconds 0.0 sec 0.0 sec 0.0 sec Remaining time Within 5 seconds 0.0 sec 0.0 sec 0.0 sec Ammunition Within 30㎠ 21.2㎠ 21.0㎠ 20.5㎠ Carbonization length Within 20cm 6.9 cm 7.0 cm 6.3 cm

As a result of the experiment it can be seen that the flame retardant performance criteria when applied to the fabric of the pharmaceutical composition for flame retardant and fire extinguishing according to the present invention.

Therefore, it can be confirmed that the flame retardant and fire extinguishing pharmaceutical composition according to the present invention is an excellent flame retardant effect.

Experimental Example 7 Toxicity Test 1

Hazardous substances are detected from the flame retardant and fire extinguishing pharmaceutical composition prepared in Example 1 in order to check whether a substance harmful to the human body is detected when applied as a flame retardant to a fabric or a wallpaper or sprayed to extinguish a fire. ICP analysis was commissioned by Korea Testing and Research Institute. As a result, cadmium (Cd), lead (Pb), copper (Cu), manganese (Mn), arsenic (As), mercury (Hg), zinc (Zn), tin (Sn), and chromium (Cr) are not detected at all. Only traces of iron (Fe) of 2.8 or 3.1 mg / kg were detected.

Therefore, it can be confirmed from the test results that the flame-resistant and extinguishing stock solution of the present invention is not toxic.

Experimental Example 8 Toxicity Test 2

Using the flame retardant and fire extinguishing pharmaceutical composition of the present invention to suppress the fire occurred in the vehicle, at this time it was observed whether the soot and toxic gas generation. Fire occurrence and suppression scenes are shown in FIGS. 1 and 2.

Referring to Figure 1 it can be seen that when the fire occurs in the vehicle black soot, toxic gas is generated. Referring to FIG. 2, when extinguishing a fire using the flame retardant and extinguishing stock solution of the present invention, it can be seen that white smoke including carbon dioxide and water vapor is rapidly burned.

As a result, the flame retardant and extinguishing pharmaceutical composition of the present invention can be seen that it is an environmentally friendly flame retardant and extinguishing pharmaceutical composition that does not generate soot and toxic gas upon rapid fire extinguishing.

The pharmaceutical composition of the present invention has the advantage of exhibiting a flame resistance that does not change even in a high temperature state such as fire to exhibit heat resistance that can withstand high temperatures.

The pharmaceutical composition of the present invention has the advantage of being able to effectively prevent re-ignition during fire suppression by showing the flame retardant and extinguishing ability at the same time.

In addition, the pharmaceutical composition of the present invention does not discharge harmful substances when applied to the fabric or wallpaper as a flame retardant, or sprayed to extinguish the fire has an advantage that is harmless to the human body.

In addition, there is an advantage that the precipitate is not formed at room temperature even if the prepared liquid composition is stored for a long time.

1 is a photograph showing a scene in which a fire occurs in a vehicle.

Figure 2 is a photograph showing a scene of extinguishing a vehicle fire with a flame retardant and fire extinguishing pharmaceutical composition according to the present invention.

Claims (2)

The weight ratio of soda monophosphate, diammonium diphosphate, borax, boric acid, polyoxyalkylated alkyl phosphate ester, and water is contained in the range of 1: 1 to 5: 0.3 to 1.5: 0.3 to 1.5: 0.3 to 1.5: 10 to 20 Flame retardant and fire extinguishing pharmaceutical composition. The flame retardant and fire extinguishing method according to claim 1, wherein the weight ratio of the first sodium phosphate, the second ammonium phosphate, the borax, the boric acid, the polyoxyalkylated alkyl phosphate ester and the water is 1: 3.76: 0.6: 0.8: 0.6: 13.24. Pharmaceutical composition.