KR20050042220A - Components for improved impression making - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to components for an improved system for pick-up impression making at a dental implantation site, comprising an abutment, an abutment replica and an impression coping. The invention also relates to a series of abutments and to a set comprising an abutment and an impression coping. The abutment is comprising an implant contacting region (2) and a component support region (3), said component support region (3) having a maximum diameter (A) and extending coronally of said maximum diameter to a coronal end (6), and being provided with a component engagement (9) being arranged for releasable engagement with said component by linear displacement of said dental component in relation to said abutment (1), said component engagement (9) being located at a position closer to said maximum diameter (A) than to said coronal end (6) of said component support region (3).

Description

Improved impression making component {COMPONENTS FOR IMPROVED IMPRESSION MAKING}

The present invention relates to an improved system component for the manufacture of a pickup impression at a dental implantation site, including abutments, abutment replicas and impression copings. The present invention also relates to a set comprising abutment teeth and abutment and impression copings.

Dental implant systems are widely used to replace damaged or missing natural teeth. In such a system, the implant is placed on the patient's jaw to replace the natural tooth root. The abutment structure, which consists of one or several parts, is then attached to the implant to establish a core for the part of the prosthetic tooth that protrudes from the bone tissue into the patient's mouth through the soft gum tissue. Can be. On the abutment, an artificial prosthesis or crown may finally be seated.

The final prosthesis should be of a size and shape that will naturally fit the rest of the patient's teeth for both functionality and aesthetics. To this end, dentists need to fit the appropriate prosthetic to the individual patient using the patient's jaw model, which includes the implant and possibly the abutment structure. To provide such a model, a so-called master cast modeling technique is used.

One category of such modeling techniques is the so-called "pick-up" method. This pickup method can be described by the following successive steps.

Placing an impression cap on the implant and / or abutment.

Applying the impression material to the jaw to embed the impression cap in the impression material.

Moving the impression material away from the jaw with the impression cap still embedded in the impression material. The impression material now has an inverse form of the jaw with the impression cap at the site of the implant / buttock.

Inserting a replica of the shape of the implant and / or abutment into a buried impression cap, according to the same method as for coupling the original implant and / or abutment to the impression cap.

Pouring the molding material into the inverse of the jaw made of the impression material and around the replica to cure.

Removing the impression material from the cured molding material, the molding material now forms a real model of the jaw, ie an inverted model, using a replica that replaces the original implant / abutment.

In the following, reference will be made to several prior art documents describing the pick-up method and to the components used herein.

U. S. Patent No. 6,068, 478 (Grande et al.) Includes an impression cap for moving the end of an implant fitted to the body, i. An impression system is disclosed. The outwardly directed implant end has an undercut contour on the outside thereof, and the impression cap has a geometric shape that compensates for the undercut contour and engages therein. The undercut contour is formed by either an implant geometry that is tapered in a trumpet shape towards the implant bed, or by a recess near the implant end.

According to US Pat. No. 6,068,478 (Grande et al.), The components of the upper structure are described as being screwed into the implant such that the abutment of the upper structure protrudes over the implant shoulder. To get an impression of the oral position on the finished master cast, a slide sleeve is first pushed onto the conical upper structure. Then slide the impression tab over the slide sleeve. At the bottom, the impression cap has a cap shoulder that compensates for the implant shoulder. On the outside, since the cap shoulder is surrounded by an inwardly facing elastic snap element, the cap shoulder can be snapped over the implant shoulder and releasably gripped undercut on the implant head. The impression tray filled with the impression compound is now pressed to the impression site. After withdrawing the impression tray, the impression cap and slide sleeve are left embedded in the impression compound to obtain an impression. An analogous manipulation implant having a shape corresponding to the conical upper structure is now pushed into the slide sleeve. Finally, the adjustment shoulder sleeve with the adjustment shoulder corresponding to the implant shoulder is pushed over the adjustment implant until the adjustment shoulder is held by the snap element of the impression cap. Finally, the modeling compound is poured into the impression and a master caster is obtained.

In U. S. Patent No. 6,068, 478 (named by Grande et al.), A different pulling method is employed when, for example, an angled superstructure is a different type of superstructure, such as attached to an implant. In this case, the impression cylinder is screwed onto the upper structure and the laterally open impression cap is pushed onto the upper structure to hold the implant shoulder. Impression is taken using an impression tray filled with an impression compound, which is obtained after withdrawing the impression tray, with the impression cap, the hollow space coinciding with the impression cylinder, and the conical upper structure being rearward within the impression tray. Will remain. In the next step, the impression cylinder is pushed into its hollow space, the adjusting shoulder sleeve is attached, and then the modeling compound is filled through the adjusting shoulder sleeve to fill the entire hollow space. The modeling compound is now poured into the impression, the impression tray with the impression cylinder left is removed and the finished master cast is obtained.

The patent also mentions the omission of the slide sleeve when the hollow space remaining in the impression cap left by the selected abutment inside the impression cap is filled with the impression compound. In addition, the slide sleeve and the impression cap may be integrated or designed integrally.

U. S. Patent No. 6,159, 010 to Rogers et al. Discloses dental copings that are placed over abutment posts attached to and protruding over dental implants. The coping includes a base portion having an inwardly tapered surface to coincide with the support surface of the implant. The wall extends in a direction away from the base portion to enclose the abutment posts. The wall includes at least one hole that allows the wax material to penetrate upon taking an impression at the implantation site.

U. S. Patent No. 5,688, 123 (Meiers et al.) Discloses a transfer cap for a dental implant that is used when making an impression to form a master cast model. This transfer cap is shaped and dimensioned to the abutment or built-up part of the implant and supports one or more elastic flaps that extend over the shoulder of the conical region of the stacked part.

International application WO 99/29255 (Morgan name) discloses abutment analogues having head portions in which retaining means such as annular grooves are formed.

EP 0 190 670 (Lustig) discloses a prefabricated preparation that can be used in combination with a prefabricated sleeve-shaped coping that flexibly fits into a post.

1a to 1e show a first embodiment of abutment teeth,

2A and 2B show a second embodiment of the preparation tooth,

3 is a view showing a third embodiment of the preparation tooth,

4 is a view showing a fourth embodiment of the preparation tooth,

5A-5H show an embodiment of a series of preparation teeth,

6A and 6B show an embodiment of abutment replicas,

7A to 7F are views showing an embodiment of the impression coping,

8A and 8B show an embodiment of abutment in a state attached to a dental implant together with an embodiment of an impression coping attached to abutment;

9A and 9B illustrate an embodiment of abutment carrier,

10a to 10h is a view showing a pickup impression manufacturing method of the standard abutment,

11A to 11H illustrate a method of manufacturing a pickup impression of a modified standard abutment.

It is an object of the present invention to provide a component for a system for improving the function when using the pick-up pulling method and a method of using the component.

According to a first aspect of the invention, the object is achieved by abutments for coupling the dental component to the implant, the abutment comprising an implant contact area and a component support area, the component support area having a maximum diameter portion. And extend tubularly from the maximum diameter to the tubular end. The component engagement means is arranged in the component support area so as to releasably engage with the component by a linear displacement of the dental component with respect to the abutment. The component engagement means is arranged at a position closer to the maximum diameter than the tubular end of the component support area.

The term "coronal" as used herein is a term used to indicate the direction towards the head end or end of the aforementioned component. For example, with the abutment coupled to the implant, the coronal direction will be a direction towards a portion of the abutment facing away from the implant. Similarly, the term "apical" refers to the direction towards the insertion end of the component. In the case of abutments coupled to the implant, the normal direction will be the direction towards the implant. Therefore, the normal direction and the coronal direction are opposite to each other.

However, if the components or parts of the system are angled with respect to each other, the normal and coronal directions of the different parts may not coincide respectively. For example, this may be the case for abutment where the component support area of the abutment is angled with respect to the implant contact area, which will be referred to as an angled abutment. Here, the normal direction of the component support region is referred to as the direction toward the maximum diameter of the component support region. The tubular direction of the component support region is a direction away from the maximum diameter towards the free end of the component support region.

The component engagement means is arranged to releasably engage the component, which engagement is achieved by linear displacement of the dental component with respect to the abutment. In particular, the engagement should only be released by the linear displacement of the component with respect to the component support area. This is advantageous because the component engagement means can be used to secure the impression coping to the preparation tooth for making the pickup impression, among other functions. In pick-up impression fabrication, when releasing coping from the preparation tooth, it is desirable to prevent any rotational movement between the impression coping and the preparation tooth.

The restraint for engagement between the preparation and the component can be selected according to the application. In order to couple the impression coping for the pick-up impression production to the abutment, the restraining force must be large enough to reliably restrain the impression coping on the abutment at a well defined position, as well as the impression material in which the impression coping is embedded The impression coping should be so large that it cannot be easily removed from the preparation.

It is also desirable for the component engagement means to be able to reliably fix the component to the abutment at a well defined position on the abutment. In the above-described use of impression copings, the prosthetic fabricated after the master cast fabrication can be attached to the abutment at the same location where the impression coping was attached during the previous impression fabrication in which the master cast was made. Is advantageous in

The component engagement means is provided in the component support region of the preparation tooth extending in the tubular direction of the largest diameter portion of the component support region of the preparation tooth. This configuration provides an advantage over the prior art in which the part providing the maximum diameter of the preparation or implant is used as a securing means for holding the impression component. Thus, in the prior art, the component to be attached to the securing means must have a maximum diameter greater than the maximum diameter of the abutment or implant so that it can be seated on the abutment or implant. In prior art systems, the maximum diameter is provided below the soft gum tissue overlying the bone tissue where the dental implant is located, which damages the tissue when the gum tissue must be pushed to the side and the component is attached to the abutment. It means that there is a risk. Also, due to the large diameter of the component, it may be difficult for the component to attach to or remove from the abutment without colliding with the teeth adjacent to the implant. If adjacent teeth are placed in close proximity, the diameter of the component may be so large that the component may not pass between the teeth placed on the preparation. However, the above described structure can reduce this problem, providing the possibility of attaching a component having a relatively small outer diameter to the preparation tooth.

Furthermore, the component engagement means of the abutment according to the invention is installed at a position closer to the maximum diameter of the component support region than to the tubular end of the component support region. This has the advantage of allowing a relatively large portion of the component support area to extend in the coronal direction of the component engagement means. As a result, the part of the component support area can be deformed by the dentist without damaging the function of the component engagement means. Such modifications are sometimes made to customize standard abutments to meet the needs of individual patients. Thus, the specific position of the component engagement means allows the component to be attached to the abutment regardless of whether the abutment is deformed or remains in its original standard outline.

The fact that the component engagement means is disposed at a position closer to the maximum diameter portion than the tubular end of the abutment means that the component engages at a distance from the maximum diameter portion that is less than 50% of the distance between the maximum diameter portion and the tubular end of the abutment. Means that means are provided. Preferably, component engagement means are provided at a predetermined position from the maximum diameter portion that is less than 35% of the distance between the maximum diameter portion and the tubular end of the abutment, wherein the tubular end of the maximum diameter portion and the abutment is provided. Most preferably, the component engagement means is provided at a predetermined position from the maximum diameter portion which is less than 25% of the distance between.

According to a variant of the first aspect of the invention, there is provided a preparation comprising an implant contact area and a component support area for joining a dental component to the implant, the component support area having a maximum diameter and providing an outer surface. A shoulder portion and a post portion extending in the tubular direction from the shoulder portion toward the tubular end of the abutment and providing an outer surface, wherein the outer surface of the post portion is less than 180 ° from the outer surface of the shoulder portion. To form. The component engagement means is arranged to releasably couple the component to the abutment by a linear displacement of the dental component relative to the abutment. The component engagement means is provided in the post portion at a position closer to the shoulder portion than the tubular end of the abutment.

By "shoulder portion" of the component support area is meant to be constructed and adapted to support the component at least partially from the normal direction, ie from "below". In other words, the projection perpendicular to the outer surface of the shoulder portion on the longitudinal axis of the component support region extends in the tubular direction.

In contrast, the post portion of the component support area may have an outer surface parallel to the longitudinal axis of the abutment, ie the vertical direction of the outer surface is a direction transverse to the longitudinal axis. However, according to another variant, it may be more desirable for the outer surface of the post portion to form a predetermined angle with respect to the longitudinal axis.

The above definitions and advantages of the prior art for the first modification of the preparation are equally applicable to the preparation according to the second modification.

In addition, according to the second variant, the shoulder portion present in the normal direction of the component engagement means will provide a stable base for the support of the component, whether or not the post portion of the abutment is deformed. This is particularly advantageous if the post portion is deformed by a method that does not impair the function of supporting the component. For example, if a component is installed on an abutment with an inner surface closely following the post portion and the shoulder portion, it will be in contact with both the post portion and the shoulder portion when installed on the abutment with the original shape. . However, if the post portion is deformed to order, the components seated on the abutment will not follow the outer contours to accommodate the new order of the post portion. In any case, these components will reliably rest on the preparation because the shoulder portion can provide the necessary support without deformation.

Stable and reproducible placement of components on abutments is critical to providing accurate master cast models and correctly positioned prostheses when using pick-up impression techniques.

Since the component engagement means are arranged in a position closer to the shoulder portion than the tubular end of the abutment, the component engagement means is located where the distance from the shoulder portion is less than 50% of the distance between the maximum diameter and the tubular end of the abutment. Is installed. Preferably, the component engagement means is provided at a position where the distance from the shoulder portion is preferably less than 30% of the distance between the maximum diameter and the top end of the preparation, more preferably less than 20%. do.

Preferably, the angle between the outer surface of the shoulder portion and the outer surface of the post portion is in the range of 100 ° to 160 °, more preferably 120 ° to 150 °, most preferably 130 ° to 140 °.

Advantageously, the component engagement means may be provided in the transition portion between the post portion and the shoulder portion. This position maximizes the portion of the post portion extending in the tubular direction of the component engagement means, so that a portion of the preparation can be used for deformation by the dentist.

Referring to the shape of the post portion and the shoulder portion, it is preferable that the outer surface of the post portion is tapered inward in the tubular direction of the preparation tooth. Such a taper is preferred in that it allows more lateral clearance in the initial stage of attaching the component to the post portion, for example, as is typical for the impression cap. If the post portion has an outer surface parallel to the longitudinal axis, any component to be screwed to the post portion must be axially aligned with respect to the post portion. However, if the post portion has a conical outer surface, there is a possibility that misalignment occurs when starting attachment. In addition, the taper may serve to provide an engagement function with the component.

In particular, it has been found that it is useful for the outer surface of the post portion to form an angle of less than 20 °, more preferably less than 15 °, and most preferably 6 ° with respect to the longitudinal axis of the abutment.

Further, the shoulder portion is preferably tapered inward in the tubular direction of the preparation tooth. In particular, the conical outer surface of the shoulder portion may form an angle of 40 ° to 60 ° with respect to the longitudinal axis of the abutment, and preferably it may be desirable to form an angle of 50 °.

One embodiment of the abutment according to any one of the two variants of the first aspect of the invention described above further comprises an extension region provided between the implant contact region and the component support region. do. This extension region is usefully extended along the height of the preparation to pass through the soft gum tissue overlying the bone tissue where the implant is to be placed.

The outer surface of the extension region may be parallel to the longitudinal axis of the preparation tooth, or may taper outward in the tubular direction.

In the abutment according to the embodiment, it further comprises a post portion and a shoulder portion, wherein the extension region may be preferably arranged such that the transition portion between the extension region and the shoulder portion forms a maximum diameter portion of the abutment teeth.

In the abutment according to the first aspect of the invention, the component engagement means preferably comprises at least one protrusion or indentation on the outer surface of the component support area. Such protrusions or indentations may include, for example, grooves or ribs that extend at least partially around the outer periphery of the outer surface of the component support area. This shape is particularly useful for providing engagement means in which the component can be snapped.

In a second aspect of the invention, there is provided a series of abutments according to the first aspect of the invention, each abutment having a maximum diameter portion of the component support area, the maximum diameter portion being all of the series of abutment teeth. It is characterized by a constant for.

Alternatively, a series of abutments in accordance with the second variant of the first aspect of the invention is provided, wherein the angle formed between the outer surface of the post portion and the outer surface of the shoulder portion is applied to all of the series of abutments. It is desirable to be constant. This feature makes it possible to use components having the same shape but not necessarily the same size for different abutments in the series of abutments.

In addition, a series of abutments according to the second variant is provided, each abutment having a longitudinal axis and further comprising an implant contact region and an extension region extending between the implant contact region and the component support region,

The extension region provides an outer surface which forms a predetermined angle ψ with the longitudinal axis,

The shoulder portion provides an outer surface 7 tapering inward in the tubular direction and forming a predetermined angle χ with the longitudinal axis,

The post portion extends in the tubular direction from the shoulder portion and tapered inward in the tubular direction and at the same time the angle φ of the longitudinal axis is smaller than the angle χ of the outer surface of the shoulder portion and the longitudinal axis; , Where

The angle χ between the outer surface and the longitudinal axis of the shoulder portion and the angle φ between the outer surface and the longitudinal axis of the post portion are constant at all of the series of abutments,

The angle ψ between the outer surface of the extension area and the longitudinal axis varies between the series of different abutments.

According to this embodiment, the angle of the component support area is fixed, which has the advantage that it is possible to make the shape of the component suitable for different abutments consistent.

In a third aspect of the present invention, there is provided abutment replica comprising a component support region having the same appearance as that of the component support region of the preparation according to the second aspect of the invention. Component engagement means.

In an embodiment of the abutment replica, the abutment replica further comprises a bore extending from a top end of the abutment replica to at least a tubular position of the component engagement means. According to this embodiment, at least a part of the component support area can be cut off leaving a replica comprising the remaining normal area and the component engagement means of the support area, and at least a part of the component support area is provided with a through hole. This possibility is used when making a master cast of modified abutments, which will be described in more detail in certain parts of this specification. The replica according to this embodiment is particularly advantageous because it can be used both in a situation where the abutment remains in the standard outline (the original state of the abutment) and in a situation where the abutment is deformed (the abutment is cut).

According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, there is provided an impression coping for making a pickup impression of a dental abutment attached to a dental implant, the impression coping comprising an area around the abutment for enclosing the abutment. The peripheral region has a tubular end and a top end and has an inner wall provided with abutment engaging means arranged to releasably engage with the abutment by a linear displacement of the impression coping with respect to the abutment. The means is arranged closer to the top end than to the tubular end.

According to conventional systems, fastening means, such as a flap, are sometimes provided at the end of the impression cap to engage over the abutment and around the abutment. In this structure, the securing means will affect the enlargement of the outer diameter of the top end of the impression cap, thus unnecessarily compressing the soft gum tissue surrounding the abutment. Furthermore, by placing the securing means at the end of the impression cap, the low attachment level of the cap is positioned below the gum tissue of the patient.

In other conventional systems there is a fastening means provided proximate the tubular end of the pulling cap. The problem with these systems is that if the impression cap is still attached to the abutment, the abutment to which the impression cap is to be seated cannot be deformed below the tubular end.

This disadvantage can be solved by disposing the abutment engagement means on the inner wall of the pulling coping closer to the top end than the tubular end according to the third aspect of the invention.

In a first variant of the impression coping, the abutment peripheral region of the impression coping extends in a tubular direction from the shoulder contact portion with a shoulder contact portion having an inner wall and with respect to the inner wall of the shoulder contact portion. A post peripheral portion providing an inner wall that forms an angle α greater than 180 °, the abutment engagement means being provided at the post peripheral portion, the position closer to the shoulder contact portion than the tubular end of the abutment peripheral region.

The shoulder contact portion is adapted to contact the shoulder portion of the abutment. Thus, the projection perpendicular to the inner wall of the shoulder contact portion on the longitudinal axis of the component periphery region extends in the normal direction.

The post peripheral portion may have an inner wall having various shapes. The entire inner surface may be formed to contact the post portion of the preparation tooth. However, only the post portion of the preparation tooth may be formed in contact with a part of the inner wall. Some such embodiments will be described below.

According to a first variant of the impression coping, if the abutment engagement means is placed on the inner wall of the post peripheral portion extending from the shoulder contact portion, the diameter of the abutment on which the impression coping is to be seated is equal to the diameter at the shoulder portion of the abutment tooth. This results in positioning the securing means at a relatively small site. The position of the fastening means thus permits the use of more structurally modified fastening means without the need to increase the outer diameter of the pulling coping in the fastening means beyond the maximum diameter of the abutment.

Moreover, shoulder contact portions are useful for increasing contact and stability when interacting with the abutment. This is particularly important when the impression coping is used in the pickup pulling method, wherein the pickup pulling method first attaches the impression coping to the abutment fixed to the implant, and then embeds the impression coping in the impression material and with the impression material. And insert the abutment replica into the impression coping. For the success of this method, both the abutment and the abutment replica must be able to be secured to the impression coping while having good accuracy, which also affects the shoulder contact.

Preferably, the abutment engagement means is installed at a distance from the shoulder contact portion that is less than 50%, more preferably less than 30% and most preferably less than 20% of the distance between the shoulder contact portion and the tubular end. .

The abutment engagement means may be provided at the transition portion between the post peripheral portion and the shoulder contact portion. Furthermore, the abutment engagement means may comprise at least one protrusion or indentation, such as a rib or groove in the inner wall of the abutment surrounding area.

Preferably, the impression coping has a through passage extending from the tubular end of the impression coping to the top end. This is particularly advantageous because the impression material can be injected through the tubular end into the impression coping and can increase the fixation of the impression coping in the impression material. Further, according to this embodiment, the impression material injected into the impression coping will be in contact with a portion of the abutment, thus providing an open space that simulates the abutment portion. The open space may later be used to guide the injection of abutment replicas or may be used as a form to form a custom abutment model as described in detail herein.

According to a second variant of the impression coping, an impression coping is provided having a through passage, a longitudinal axis and an abutment area, wherein an inner wall of the abutment area is in contact with one or more abutment contact surfaces for contact with the abutment. And at least one space forming surface spaced from the abutment to provide a space between the abutment, wherein a radial distance from the longitudinal axis to the abutment contact surface in the cross section of the abutment surrounding area is at the longitudinal axis. Shorter than the distance to the space forming surface.

According to the second variant of the pulling coping, the pulling material may be injected into the space between the space forming surface and the abutment tooth. However, there are also abutment contact surfaces that contact the abutment to provide a stable contact surface. This embodiment is particularly advantageous in that it can be preferably used to take the impression of both the standard abutment and the modified abutment as described below.

When taking the impression of the standard abutment, the abutment contact surface will contact the standard abutment. The impression material may optionally be injected into the space formed by the space forming surface, but this is not necessarily necessary. The abutment contact surface will normally provide sufficient surface to guide the subsequent insertion of the abutment replica to the exact same position where the abutment was inside the impression coping.

However, when taking the impression of the modified abutment, all of the abutment contact surfaces will probably not come into contact with the modified abutment. At least a portion of the abutment contact surface will not necessarily contact a customized abutment due to its deformed shape. In this case, a compound space is formed between the abutment and the inner wall of the impression coping, and the compound space is a space formed between the abutment contact surface and the modified abutment, and a space formed between the space formation surface and the abutment. The impression material may be injected into the impression coping and into the composite space formed between the impression coping and the modified abutment. Thus, when the impression material is removed from the abutment, the impression material together with the impression coping will form an empty space having an inner "modified" shape that matches the shape of the modified abutment, the inner shape being It will subsequently be used to shape the model of the modified abutment.

Preferably, the space forming surface is provided with a vent for passage of air from the composite space. Thus, when the impression material is injected into the composite space, air can flow out of the vent through the space formed between the space forming surface and the abutment, thereby suppressing bubble formation and injecting the appropriate impression material. This is guaranteed. Thus, the air forming surface provides an air duct for discharging air from the composite space.

The vent is provided by an opening in the space forming surface or by a hole or other suitable vent means if possible.

Naturally, the abutment can be deformed in other ways so that all abutment contact surfaces are still in contact with the deformed abutment and the composite space is only relevant to the space forming surface. The size of the composite space required to fill the impression material is determined by the deformations made on the abutment teeth. However, complete filling can usually be ensured by filling the entire composite space with the impression material and flooding it out of the vent.

Advantageously, the at least one abutment contact surface is tapered inwardly toward the coronal direction. This is particularly useful when the impression coping is to be seated on abutment with a sloped outer shape.

It may be advantageous to combine the first modification and the second modification of the impression coping. The combination of shoulder contact portion and post contact surface makes it possible to ensure that the impression coping is accurately placed on the abutment.

At least one abutment contact area is provided with rotation fixation means for rotation fixation of the impression coping on the dental abutment. This characteristic configuration is useful to ensure proper delivery of the direction of rotation of the abutment anchored to the implant through the impression fabrication to the master cast model.

In order to improve the attachment to the impression material, the impression coping may be provided with an extension region provided in the tubular direction of the abutment peripheral region. This extended area also makes it easier to handle impression copings. The extension area is further provided with a restraining element for restraining the impression coping in the impression material.

Finally, according to a fifth aspect of the invention, a set of abutments and impression copings is provided.

A broader scope of applications of the present invention will become more apparent by reading the following detailed description of the invention. However, while the detailed description and specific examples of the invention illustrate the preferred embodiments of the invention, various changes and modifications within the spirit and scope of the invention will be apparent to those skilled in the art from the foregoing description. Only given for illustration.

The invention will be more clearly understood from the following detailed description and the accompanying drawings given for purposes of illustration only, and the invention is not intended to be limited thereto.

1A shows a perspective view of abutment according to a first embodiment of the invention, while FIGS. 1B-1E show side views of the same abutment shown in FIG. 1A.

Referring first to FIGS. 1A and 1B, abutment for coupling a dental component to an implant is shown. This abutment includes an implant contact region 2 coupled to the dental implant and a component support region 3 extending tubularly from the implant contact region 2 such that the dental component is engaged.

Typically, the abutment is used to bond a dental prosthesis or crown to the implant. However, during the operation of manufacturing the final prosthetic prosthesis, the abutment may be used to couple other components, such as impression copings, healing caps or temporary prostheses to the implant. The abutment 1 may consist of any ceramic material, such as zirconium oxide and titanium, with a suitable dental component material that can be permanently installed in the oral cavity.

The component contact region 3 extends in the tubular direction from the largest diameter A to the tubular end 6 (see FIG. 1C). In this case, the maximum diameter A of the component contact area as a whole coincides with the maximum diameter of the preparation tooth.

The component engagement means 9 is provided in the largest diameter part A extending in the tubular direction of the component support region 3. The component engagement means is constructed and adapted to releasably engage the component by displacing the component in a linear direction with respect to the abutment.

The position of the component engagement means 9 extending in the tubular direction of the maximum diameter portion A results in the attachment of the component to be manufactured to the preparation tooth having a relatively small diameter, which is relative to the component to be attached to the preparation tooth. It is advantageous because it can be configured with a small outer diameter. The small outer diameter makes it easier to install the component on the abutment without being obstructed by adjacent teeth or after completion of installation, aside to the gum tissue around the abutment 1.

The component engagement means 9 is installed at a predetermined distance from the maximum diameter A which is less than 50% of the distance between the maximum diameter A and the tubular end 6 of the preparation. Preferably, the distance should be less than 35%, and as in the embodiment shown in FIGS. 1A-1E, the component engagement means 9 is characterized by the distance between the maximum diameter A and the tubular end 6 of the abutment. The distance is less than 25%.

The implant contact region 3 comprises in the first embodiment a shoulder portion 4 and a post portion 5 extending in the tubular direction from the shoulder portion. The outer surface 8 of the post portion 5 forms an angle α of less than 180 ° with respect to the outer surface 7 of the shoulder portion (see FIG. 1E). The angle α formed between the outer surfaces 7 and 8 of the shoulder portion 4 and the post portion 5 is preferably 100 ° to 160 °, more preferably 120 ° to 150 °, most preferably Is 130 ° to 140 °. The angle α in this embodiment is 136 °.

According to this embodiment, the component engagement means 9 are provided at the transition between the shoulder part 4 and the post part 5. This arrangement allows the main part of the post portion 5 to be deformed without compromising the function of the component engagement means 9. The component engagement means 9 have a groove shape extending around the circumference of the post portion 5. The groove can be described as being formed by the transition portion 5 ′ of the post portion 5 with the outer surface 8 ′ forming an angle δ with respect to the outer surface of the post portion 5. The angle δ is preferably 10 ° to 40 °, more preferably 10 ° to 30 °, and most preferably 12 °. Preferably, the component can be snapped into the groove formed by the transition 5 '. As described above, the defined angle δ reliably constrains the component on the abutment 1 while still having a good restraining force that allows the component to be released from the abutment 1 while simultaneously snapping as described above. It is a suitable angle to achieve a bond.

As with the shoulder part 4, the component engagement means 9 is less than 50%, preferably less than 30% of the distance from the shoulder part 4 to the tubular end 6 of the abutment, in this embodiment 20 It is preferred to be installed at a distance from the shoulder portion 4 which is less than%. The component engagement means 9 is to cut the tubular part of the preparation corresponding to 50% of the distance between the shoulder portion 4 and the tubular end 6 when the component engagement means 9 still provides the component restraint function. Can be considered to be installed at a distance from the shoulder portion 4 which is less than 50% of the distance between the shoulder portion 4 and the tubular end 6 [corresponding definition is that the position of the component engagement means 9 Applied to the situation associated with the maximum diameter portion A].

The post portion 5 is further provided with rotation fixing means 15 to prevent the component attached to the abutment 1 from rotating. In this case, the rotation fixing means 15 consists of a flat part of the outer surface 8 of the post part 5. However, the shape of the rotation fixing means 15 may be changed. Relatively smooth rotational fixing functions are known to be more desirable than sharper and clearer fixing means, as smooth fixing allows greater clearance when installing components on abutments.

The top end 6 of the post portion is optionally provided with a blind bore of polygon (19), which serves as an attachment to the wrench for screwing the abutment onto the implant.

An extension area 11 is provided between the component support area 3 and the implant contact area 2 to serve to increase the height of extending the implant upwards when the abutment 1 is installed in the implant. When installed in an implant at the same height as the bone tissue, the extension region 11 typically extends through the gum tissue.

The implant contact region 2 comprises a tubular contact portion 12 and a threaded shaft 16. The implant contact region 2 is thus adapted to engage an implant having a conical tubular opening and having a female thread for attachment of the abutment 1. The cone shape of each of the implant contact area 2 and the implant opening is particularly preferred since it can be adapted to achieve a conical seal when the implant and abutment are screwed together.

As shown in FIG. 1D, the angle formed by the outer surface of the other part of the preparation tooth 1 with respect to the longitudinal axis L of the preparation tooth 1 is indicated.

The outer surface 8 of the post portion 5 tapers toward the tubular direction of the abutment. This is known to be advantageous because it allows for greater lateral clearance in the initial stage of attaching the component to the abutment 1 than if the outer surface 8 of the post portion 5 is parallel to the longitudinal axis L. The angle φ formed by the outer surface 8 of the post portion 5 with respect to the longitudinal axis L is preferably 20 degrees, more preferably less than 15 degrees. In the case of the above embodiment, the angle φ is 6 degrees.

The magnitude of the aforementioned angle φ is particularly suitable for providing a post portion 5 which can cooperate with the component to provide a restraint function between the post portion 5 and the component.

Referring again to the above-described component engagement means 9, this means is a transition 5 ′ of the post portion 5 with an outer surface 8 ′ which forms an angle δ with respect to the outer surface of the post portion 5. It is formed by). The angle δ can also be expressed in relation to the angle φ between the longitudinal axis and the outer surface 8 of the post portion, which is advantageous if the angle δ is 2φ ± 10 °. This special selection of the angle δ allows the component attached to the preparation tooth to be detached from the preparation tooth by a linear displacement using a force substantially equal to the force required to attach the component to the component engagement means. Viewed from the longitudinal axis L, the outer surface 8 of the post portion 5 generally forms an angle φ with respect to the longitudinal axis L, while the outer surface of the transition portion 5 'of the post portion ( 8 ') will be φ ± 10 °.

When at least some of the inner surfaces use a component having an inner shape that matches the outer shape of the abutment, the force required to attach the component to the abutment is such that the outer surface 8 of the post portion 5 with respect to the longitudinal axis L Will be determined according to the angle φ formed by The force required to remove the component from the abutment will depend on the angle formed by the outer surface 8 'of the transition 5' with respect to the longitudinal axis L. The above-mentioned angle becomes φ ± 10 ° when the angle δ is 2φ ± 10 °, which means that the force required to remove the component from the abutment is required to attach the component to the abutment 1. It means almost the same as power.

Similarly, the outer surface 7 of the shoulder portion 4 is tapered inward toward the tubular direction of the preparation tooth. The angle χ formed by the outer surface 7 of the shoulder portion 4 with respect to the longitudinal axis L is preferably 40 ° to 60 °. In the case of the above embodiment, the angle χ is 50 degrees.

The above-described angle α formed between the outer surface 7 of the shoulder portion 4 and the outer surface 8 of the post portion 5 will be equal to (180 ° + φ−χ).

The outer surface 13 of the extension region 11 may be parallel to the longitudinal axis of the abutment 1 or may taper outward in the tubular direction of the abutment 1. The angle ψ formed by the outer surface 13 of the extension region 11 with respect to the longitudinal axis L may be varied to obtain the desired maximum diameter A. Preferably, the angle ψ is preferably 90 ° to 180 °.

Finally, the angle ω formed by the outer surface 14 of the tubular contact portion 12 of the implant contact region 2 of the preparation tooth 1 is preferably between 165 ° and 170 °, in this embodiment 169 °. .

Referring again to FIG. 1C, the maximum diameter portion A of the preparation tooth 1 is preferably in the range of 3 to 7 mm, most preferably in the range of 3 to 6 mm. The maximum diameter part B of the post part 5 is 2 to 5 mm. The seating portion formed by the outer surface 7 of the shoulder portion 4 will have a width that corresponds to half of the difference between the maximum diameter portion A of the abutment tooth and the maximum diameter B of the abutment tooth in this embodiment. Preferably, the width is between 0.2 and 1 mm, with 0.5 mm being most preferred.

The axial extension of the shoulder portion 4 may be in the range of 10-40% with respect to the axial extension of the component support area 3 as a whole, with 20% being preferred. It may be desirable for the axial extension of the extension area 11 to be selected to obtain the desired height of the preparation tooth. Normally, about 10% to 50% of the axial extension of the extension region 11 is preferred for the axial extension of the component support region 3.

Optionally, the abutment 1 can be provided with one or more markings 20 indicating the extent to which the abutment's dimensions are reduced.

2A shows a perspective view of abutment teeth in accordance with a second embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 2B shows a cross-sectional view of the preparation tooth of FIG. 2A. The reference numerals of the features that coincide with the features of the first embodiment of FIGS. 1A-1E described above are used the same as the reference numerals used in FIGS. 1A-1E. Only parts of the second embodiment that are different from the first embodiment will be described below.

The second embodiment differs from the first embodiment in that no threaded shaft 16 is provided in the implant contact region 2. Instead, it has a hexagonal locking structure 21 for rotational fixation to the implant. The preparation tooth 1 is provided with a through hole 17 having an internal seating portion 18. In this through hole 17, a screw is inserted so that the screw head is seated on the seating portion 18 to couple the abutment 1 to the implant. This type of preparation is particularly useful in situations where only one tooth is to be restored.

3 is a side view of the preparation tooth according to the third embodiment of the present invention. The reference numerals of the features that coincide with the features of the first embodiment of FIGS. 1A-1E described above are used the same as the reference numerals used in FIGS. 1A-1E. Only parts of the second embodiment that are different from the first embodiment will be described below.

The abutment value of the third embodiment differs from the first embodiment in the height and shape of the post portion 5. The height of the post portion 5 is smaller in dimension than the first embodiment and consists of approximately 75 to 80% of the axial extension of the component support region 3 (which is the axial extension of the shoulder portion 4). Leaves about 20-25%]. The actual length of the post portion is about 2 mm. The angle φ formed by the longitudinal axis L and the outer surface 8 of the post portion 5 is 11 degrees.

The advantage of using abutment 1 with a short post portion 5 is that the abutment does not have to be deformed too frequently. Instead, an artificial prosthesis can be erected on the post part 5 in its original shape.

4 is a side view of the preparation tooth according to the fourth embodiment of the present invention. The reference numerals of the features that coincide with the features of the first embodiment of FIGS. 1A-1E described above are used the same as the reference numerals used in FIGS. 1A-1E. Only parts of the fourth embodiment that are different from the first embodiment will be described below.

The fourth embodiment differs from the first embodiment in that the extension region 11 is very short and its outer surface 13 does not form a larger angle φ with the longitudinal axis L.

5A-5H show an embodiment of a series of abutments of the type described in FIGS. 1A-4. Reference numerals used in the following description of FIGS. 5A-5H may refer to features described in FIGS. 1A-4.

5a to 5h show a series of abutments where the angle α formed between the outer surface 8 of the post portion 5 and the outer surface 7 of the shoulder portion 8 is constant for all abutments of the series of abutments. have. Moreover, the longitudinal extension of the component support area 3 is constant between all abutments of the series of abutments.

5A to 5C only, these three abutments have a constant maximum diameter portion A for all abutments of the series of abutments. Likewise, the three abutments shown in FIGS. 5D-5F have a common maximum diameter and the two abutments shown in FIGS. 5G and 5H have a common maximum diameter. The abutments shown in FIGS. 5A-5C have a maximum diameter of 4 mm, the abutments shown in FIGS. 5D-5F have a maximum diameter of 5 mm, and the abutments shown in FIGS. 5G and 5H are 6 mm. Has a maximum diameter.

In Figures 5a to 5h there is shown a series of abutments 1 for coupling the dental component to the implant, each abutment having a longitudinal axis L and at the same time an implant contact area 2, a component support area 3 and Extending region 11 between them, wherein

The extension region 11 provides an outer surface 13 which forms an angle ψ with respect to the longitudinal axis L,

The shoulder portion 4 provides an outer surface 7 tapering inward in the tubular direction of the preparation tooth and forming an angle χ with respect to the longitudinal axis L,

The post part 5 extends in the tubular direction from the shoulder part 4, and tapers inward in the tubular direction of the abutment and at the same time the outer surface 7 of the shoulder part 4 with respect to the longitudinal axis L. Providing an outer surface 8 which forms an angle φ relative to the longitudinal axis L which is smaller than the angle χ formed by

The angle χ between the outer surface 7 and the longitudinal axis L of the shoulder portion 4 and the angle φ between the outer surface 8 and the longitudinal axis L of the post portion 5 are the Constant on all abutments,

The angle φ between the outer surface 13 of the extension region 11 and the longitudinal axis L varies between different abutments of the series of abutments.

6A shows a perspective view of abutment replica 101 according to an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 6B shows a side view of the same abutment replica 101.

The abutment replica 101 includes a component support region 103, an extension region 111, and a normal region 102. The component support region 103 is a replica of the component support region of the preparation tooth 1, and in this embodiment the preparation tooth is the preparation tooth 1 of the type shown in FIGS. 1A-1E. Thus, the component support region 103 has a shoulder portion 104 with an outer surface 107 and a post portion 105 with an outer surface 108.

In particular, the abutment replica 101 is provided with a component engagement means 109 that simulates the component engagement means 9 of the abutment 1.

The abutment replica 101 is also provided with a bore 130 extending in the tubular direction from the top end of the top portion 102 to the component engagement means 109. In this embodiment, the bore 130 is a blinder bore, but it may be considered to have a bore extending in all directions passing through the abutment replica 101.

The bore 130 is useful in situations where the abutment replica 101 should be used as a model to create a modified standard abutment, as described in detail below with reference to FIGS. 11A-11H.

In this situation, the tubular portion of the post portion 105 is cut off at the abutment replica 101, and the through abutment 130 extending through it remains in the remaining abutment replica 101. The through hole 130 may be used to pour out the molding material from the top end of the replica 101 to model a modified abutment.

Therefore, the abutment replica 101 is useful for producing a pickup impression regardless of whether a standard abutment is used or a modified abutment is used.

The use of the marking 20 of the abutment 1 and the use of the marking 120 on the abutment replica 101 will be described below. Preferably, a set is provided comprising a preparation tooth 1 having a tubular abutment end 6 and a corresponding replica 101 having a tubular replica end 106, the abutment 1 having a tubular abutment end. A marking is provided for selectively reducing the dimension of the abutment 1 at a first distance from (6), wherein the replica 101 is from a tubular replica end 106 that is slightly less than or equal to the first distance. The marking is provided at the second distance.

This set allows for alternative variations of the preparation. If only wishing to reduce the dimensions of the abutment 1, the dentist can reduce the dimensions of the abutment 1 at the marking 20. The replica 101 is provided with a corresponding marking 120 at approximately the same height as the marking of the abutment 1. Thus, the dentist does not need to apply a special impression technique to restrain the deformed shape of the abutment 1 when the dimension is reduced, but instead can apply a standard technique to restrain the position of the abutment 1. . When producing the master cast model, the replica 101 is reduced in dimension to the same extent as the dimension of the preparation tooth 1 is reduced, and thus can accurately simulate the situation in the oral cavity.

Since it is difficult to accurately cut the abutment 1 and the replica 101 at the marking, the marking of the replica 101 is made at a distance from the replica end 106 which is slightly shorter than the corresponding distance on the abutment 1. It may be advantageous. This is to give the dentist a slight margin when cutting the component without fear that the abutment replica 101 will be shorter than the abutment 1.

Multiple markings may be provided on the replica 101 and the preparation tooth 1, respectively.

7A and 7B show perspective views of a pick up impression coping of a dental abutment attached to a dental implant in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 7C is a bottom view of the same impression coping, FIG. 7D is a sectional view seen from the plane of dd of FIG. 7A, FIG. 7E is a sectional view seen from the plane of ee of FIG. 7A, and FIG. 7F is a sectional view of the ff of FIG. 7A. Each is shown.

Impression coping as described in FIGS. 7A-7F includes abutment peripheral area 203 seated on abutment 1. This abutment peripheral region 203 has a tubular end 206 and a top end 240, and inner walls 207 and 208 are provided therein.

According to this embodiment, the abutment peripheral region 203 includes a shoulder contact portion 204 with an inner wall 207 and a post peripheral portion 205 with an inner wall 208. The shoulder contact portion 204 is adapted to rest on the shoulder portion of the corresponding preparation tooth, while the post peripheral portion 205 will enclose the post portion of the preparation tooth.

On the inner wall 208 of the post peripheral portion 205, which is to the right of the transition between the post peripheral portion 205 and the shoulder contact portion 204, the abutment and releasability are enabled by a linear displacement of the impression coping with respect to the abutment. Abutment engagement means 209 is provided to engage.

The abutment engagement means 209 is provided closer to the top end 240 of the abutment contact portion 203 than the tubular end 206. Preferably, the distance between the top end 240 and the abutment engagement means 209 is preferably less than 50% of the distance between the top end 240 and the tubular end 206 of the abutment surrounding area 203, moreover Preferably less than 35%, and less than 25% is best.

For the shoulder contact portion 204, the distance between the shoulder contact portion 204 and the abutment engagement means 209 is the top end 240 and the tubular end 206 of the shoulder contact portion 204 and the abutment peripheral region 203. Less than 50% of the distance between) is preferred, more preferably less than 30%, and less than 20% is best.

In this embodiment, the abutment engagement means 109 comprises ribs extending around a portion of the inner circumference of the inner wall 208 of the post peripheral portion 205. The rib is blocked by providing a flat surface that functions as a rotational fixture 215 extending on the inner wall 208 of the post portion 205. It is further blocked by providing a space forming surface 244, which will be further described below.

The rib functions as a fastening means that snaps when cooperating with the corresponding groove of the engagement means 9 on the abutment 1, thereby enabling release of the lifting coping 201 axially on the abutment 1. Fix it.

The inner wall 208 of the post contact region 205 includes surface regions with different purposes. The first surface area is abutment contact surface 243 in contact with the abutment 1 when seated. The second surface area is the space forming surface 244 which forms an open space between the preparation tooth 1 and the space forming surface 244 spaced apart from the abutment tooth 1 upon mounting.

The abutment contact surface 243 serves to stabilize the impression coping 201 when seated on the abutment 1 to ensure that the impression coping 201 is correctly positioned.

The space forming surface 244 serves to provide an open space between the abutment 1 and the inner wall 208 of the impression coping 201. This is particularly useful when taking the impression of a standard abutment modified as described below with reference to FIGS. 11A-11H.

In the cross section of the abutment peripheral region 203, the distance r1 from the longitudinal axis L of the impression coping 201 to the abutment contact surface 243 is the distance from the longitudinal axis L to the space forming surface 244. shorter than (r2). This difference is possible because the abutment 1 is always symmetrical or close to symmetrical about the longitudinal axis, and the asymmetry of the inner surface of the impression coping 201 is generally achieved when the impression coping 201 is attached to the abutment 1. This means that a space is created between the inner surface of the impression coping 201 and the preparation tooth 1.

In other words, the space forming surface 244 is a surface derived from the outer contour of the abutment while the abutment contact surface 243 is a surface along the outer contour.

Preferably, the space forming surface 244 allows air to pass through the space formed between the space forming surface 244 and the corresponding abutment when the impression coping 201 is seated on the abutment. The vent 245 may be provided. When the impression material is injected into at least part of the space, air can escape from the space through the vent 245, thereby suppressing bubble generation and ensuring proper filling of the impression coping.

According to the embodiment of FIGS. 7A-7F, the vent 245 is an opening formed in the wall of the impression coping. The vent may also be perforated, for example.

Preferably, the space forming surface 244 extends longitudinally along the inner wall 208 of the post peripheral portion. As such, the surface may form a duct that allows air and sometimes impression material to flow there through. The vent 245 may be provided at the top end of the duct described above, which is the most preferable position to ensure that the air escapes when the impression material is filled from the tubular end of the impression coping 201. In addition, the vent 245 may be distributed over the space forming surface.

As used herein, the terms “space forming surface 244” and “abutment contact surface 243” are related when the impression coping 201 is seated on an undeformed abutment. However, when taking the impression of the modified abutment, all of the abutment contact surfaces 243 will probably not come into contact with the deformed abutment. At least a portion of the abutment contact surface 243 will not easily contact the custom abutment due to the deformed shape of the abutment. In this case, a complex space is formed between the abutment and the inner wall of the impression coping 201, which is a space between the abutment contact surface 243 and the deformed abutment, and the space forming surface 244 and the By the space between the deformed abutments. The impression material may be injected into the impression coping 201 and may be injected into the composite space formed between the impression coping 201 and the deformed abutment. Thus, when removed from the abutment, the impression material will form an empty space having an inner “deformed” shape that coincides with the formation of the modified abutment with the impression coping, wherein the inner shape is subsequently defined by the deformed abutment. Used to shape the model.

When the impression material is injected into the composite space, air flows through the space formed between the space forming surface 244 and the abutment and exits through the vent 245, thereby suppressing bubble generation and Proper charging is guaranteed. Thus, the space forming surface 244 provides an air duct for the exhaust of air from the composite space.

Naturally, the abutment can alternatively be modified such that all of the abutment contact surfaces are still in contact with the modified abutment and the composite space is only associated with the space forming surface.

 The abutment contact surface 243 is tapered inwardly in the tubular direction of the abutment, preferably less than 20 ° with respect to the longitudinal axis, more preferably less than 15 °. For this embodiment, the angle is 6 °. Further, the abutment contact surface forms a predetermined angle with the shoulder contact portion 204, which angle is at least 180 degrees, preferably 220 degrees to 230 degrees.

The pulling coping 201 also has an extending area 241 formed in the tubular direction of the abutment peripheral area 203. The extension area 241 serves to provide a large area for the impression material to attach to the impression coping 201. Moreover, it facilitates the handling of the impression coping 201. In order to better confine the pulling material, the extending area 241 is provided with a retaining element 242 extending laterally.

The impression coping is preferably composed of a plastic material. Such plastic material may be selected to impart sufficient elasticity to allow the formation of the snap fastening means, but because it cannot be easily deformed, it does not harm the stable position shift of the abutment during impression fabrication.

8A and 8B show abutment 1 attached to a dental implant 401 implanted in bone tissue 500. Impression coping 201 is coupled to abutment 1. Both FIGS. 8A and 8B are cross-sectional views, and FIG. 8B is taken along the b-b plane of FIG. 8A.

The abutment 1 is of the type described with reference to FIGS. 1A to 1E, and the impression coping 201 is of the form described with reference to FIGS. 7A to 7F. Although the reference numerals used for the description of the abutment 1 and the impression coping 201 are omitted in FIG. 8A and FIG. 8B due to lack of space, they will be used as follows.

The abutment 1 is coupled to the dental implant 401 via the implant contact area 2 of the abutment. The threaded shaft 16 is screwed into the inner thread of the tubular bore of the implant. The tubular contact portion 12 of the implant contact region 2 is in sealing contact with the conical portion of the tubular bore of the implant 401.

The abutment extending region 11 extends from the coronal end of the implant through the gum tissue 501. The outer diameter of the abutment increases from the implant contact region 2 to the maximum diameter A at the tubular end of the extension region 11.

The component support area 3 with the shoulder part 4 and the post part 5 extends over the gum tissue 501. Since the component engagement means 9 is provided at the transition portion between the shoulder portion 4 and the post portion 5, the maximum diameter portion A of the abutment 1 and the maximum diameter portion A of the shoulder portion 4 are provided. Extend in the coronal direction with respect to both.

The impression coping 201 is releasably secured to the component engagement means 9 of the preparation tooth 1 by means of its own abutment engagement means 209. As shown in FIGS. 8A and 8B, the maximum diameter of the impression coping 201 is approximately as large as the maximum diameter A of the preparation tooth 1. Thus, the impression coping 201 can be easily coupled to the preparation tooth 1 without the risk of damaging the mucosal tissue around the preparation tooth. This is also true if the mucosal tissue is somewhat thicker and extends further in the coronal direction on the abutment.

As shown in FIG. 8A, the space forming surface 244 of the impression coping 201 is shown spaced from the abutment 1. This space thus forms a duct that extends from the tubular end of the passage 217 of the impression coping 201 along the side of the abutment and toward the vent 245. As shown in FIG. 8B, the abutment contact surface 243 is shown in contact with the abutment 1 to support and guide the impression coping 201.

9A and 9B show perspective views of another component that may be coupled to abutment as shown in FIGS. 1A-1E. The component is an abutment carrier 301 having a normal abutment contact portion and a tubular expansion portion having a ribbed outer surface to facilitate gripping of the component. The abutment carrier 301 may be attached to the abutment to facilitate handling and to facilitate attachment of the abutment to the implanted fixture.

10A and 10B show a pickup impression production and model molding when using the standard abutment 1.

In FIG. 10A, two dental implants 401 are shown implanted at the same height as bone tissue 500 at the implantation location between adjacent teeth.

10B shows how abutment 1 is screwed to each of implants 401 using abutment carrier 301. This abutment 1 is attached to the carrier 301 before being taken to the implantation site. The dentist initially screwes the abutment 1 with an implant 401 that holds the carrier 301. Thereafter, the carrier 301 can be removed and optionally further tighten the abutment 1 to the implant 401 using a wrench.

10C shows how the impression coping 201 is attached on the abutment 1 using the component engagement means 9 of the abutment 1 and the abutment engagement means 209 of the impression coping 201. Is shown. Optionally, the impression material may be injected into the impression coping 201. However, this is unnecessary because the standard abutment 1 is used.

As shown in FIG. 10D, the impression material 600 is applied so that the impression coping 201 is embedded in the impression material 600. The impression material 600 cures to attach to the impression coping 201 by mimicking the shape of the teeth adjacent the impression site.

In FIG. 10E, a method is shown in which the pulling material 600 is removed from the pulling position such that the pulling coping 201 is embedded in the pulling material 600.

10F illustrates how the standard abutment replica 101 is injected into the impression coping 201 attached within the impression material. By means of the engagement means and the rotation fixing means on the abutment replica 101 and the impression coping 201, the abutment replica 101 is a predetermined one corresponding to the initial position of the abutment 1 in the impression coping 201. It is disposed in the impression coping 201 of the site.

As shown in FIG. 10G, the mold material 700 is applied to the impression material 600.

Finally, in FIG. 10H, the impression material 600 and the impression coping 201 are removed. The molding material 700 now forms a model of the implanted position with the adjacent teeth and with the abutment replica 101 coinciding with the abutment 1 at the actual implanted position. Using this model, an appropriate prosthesis or crown can be manufactured and adjusted to be installed on the appropriate abutment 1 later in the installation position.

11A to 11H illustrate a method of making a pickup impression and forming a model when using the modified abutment 1.

FIG. 11A shows two dental implants 401 implanted at the same height as bone tissue 500 at the implantation location between adjacent teeth.

11B shows how the abutment 1 is screwed to the implant 401 using abutment carrier 301. This abutment 1 is attached to the carrier 301 before being taken to the implanted position. The dentist initially screwes the abutment 1 with an implant 401 that holds the carrier 301. Thereafter, the carrier 301 can be removed and optionally further tighten the abutment 1 to the implant 401 using a wrench.

Thereafter, the standard abutment 1 is modified as shown, for example by removing a portion of the tubular portion of the abutment 1. The remaining part is the modified abutment 1 '.

11C shows how the impression coping 201 is attached onto the modified abutment 1 ′ using component engagement means of the modified abutment 1 ′ and abutment engagement means of the impression coping 201, respectively. Is shown. Since the abutment 1 'is deformed, it is necessary to inject the impression material 600' into the impression coping 201. The impression material 600 'may preferably be injected through the tubular end of the through passage of the coping. When injecting the impression material 600 'through the tubular end of the through passage, air flows through the space formed by the space forming surface 244 of the impression coping 201 and exits the vent 245, thereby generating bubbles. Alternatively, improper filling of the pulling coping 201 is suppressed. When the impression material 600 'is properly infused, this impression material, together with a portion of the abutment contact surface 243 of the impression coping 201, will form an open space that matches the shape of the deformed abutment 1'. will be.

As shown in FIG. 11D, the impression material 600 is applied so that the impression coping 201 is embedded in the impression material. The impression material 600 cures to attach to the impression coping 201 by mimicking the shape of the teeth adjacent the impression site.

In FIG. 11E, it is shown that the pulling material 600 is removed from the pulling site to carry the pulling coping 201.

FIG. 11F shows how the coronal portion is cut from the standard abutment replica 101 to reveal a bore through the rest of the abutment replica 101 ′. The remaining parts are referred to as delivered replica 101 '. The cut replica 101 ′ is injected into the impression coping 201 embedded in the impression material using the component engagement means 109. Thereafter, the mold material 700 ′ is a replica cut into an open space formed by the impression material 600 ′ inside the impression coping 201 and a part of the abutment contact surface 243 of the impression coping 201 ( 101 ') through the bore.

As shown in FIG. 11G, the mold material 700 is applied to the impression material 600.

Finally, in FIG. 11H, the impression material 600 and the impression coping 201 are removed. Mold material 700 now forms a model of the implant site with adjacent teeth. The mold material 700 ′ filled through the cut replica 101 ′ simulates the top of the original deformed abutment 1 ′. However, the shoulder portion of the cut replica 101 'coincides with the shoulder portion of the original abutment 1 at the implantation site.

Using this model, an appropriate prosthesis or crown can later be manufactured and adjusted to be installed on the appropriate abutment 1 at the installation site.

It is worth noting how the same abutment, impression coping, and abutment replicas can be used for both standard and modified procedures.

Other variations and embodiments may be considered within the scope of the appended claims. For example, one or more component engagement means may be disposed on the preparation tooth. In this case, it may be broken when deforming the abutment, but may require a second component engagement means provided in the tubular direction of the first component engagement means. This may still be a functional variant as long as the first component engagement means provide the necessary component coupling function. The same applies to the abutment engagement means of the impression cap.

In addition, the aforementioned components may consist of two or more mutually coupled components. However, only the embodiments described herein are preferred.

In addition, the structure of the engagement means and the rotatable fastening means can be changed such that the outer shape of the impression coping, the joining portion of the abutment to the implant, or the top portion of the abutment replica, etc. can be changed.

As mentioned above, the same configuration of the present invention may be modified by various methods. Such modifications should be considered without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, and it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that all such modifications are intended to be included within the scope of the following claims.

Claims (69)

As abutment 1 having an implant contact area 2 and a component support area 3 and for coupling a dental component to the implant, The component support region 3 has a maximum diameter A and extends tubularly from this maximum diameter to the tubular end 6, The component support region 3 is provided with a component engagement portion 9 arranged to releasably engage with the component by a linear displacement of the dental component with respect to the abutment 1, which component engagement portion 9 is provided. Is arranged in a position closer to the maximum diameter (A) than the tubular end (6) of the component support area (3). The component engagement part (9) according to claim 1, wherein the distance from the maximum diameter (A) is less than 50% of the distance between the maximum diameter (A) and the tubular end (6). The abutment will be installed where less than 35%, more preferably less than 25%. The component support region (3) according to claim 1, wherein the component support area (3) extends tubularly from the shoulder portion (4) to the outer surface (7) and from the shoulder portion (4) to the tubular end (6) of the abutment. And a post portion (5) which provides an outer surface (8) which forms an angle (α) of less than 180 ° with the outer surface (7) of the shoulder portion (4). As abutment 1 having an implant contact region 2 and a component support region 3 and for coupling a dental component to the implant, The component support area 3 with the largest diameter A extends tubularly from the shoulder portion 4 providing the outer surface 7 and from the shoulder portion 4 to the tubular end 6 of the abutment. A post portion 5 which provides an outer surface 8 which forms an angle α of less than 180 ° with the outer surface 7 of the shoulder portion 4, The component support area 3 is provided with a component engagement portion 9 arranged to releasably engage the dental component with the abutment 1 by a linear displacement of the dental component with respect to the abutment 1. Wherein the component engagement portion (9) is provided in the post portion (5) closer to the shoulder portion (4) than the tubular end (6) of the abutment. 5. The component engagement portion 9 according to claim 3, wherein the component engagement portion 9 has a distance from the shoulder portion 4 less than 50% of the distance between the shoulder portion 4 and the tubular end 6. Preferably the abutment is installed at less than 30%, more preferably less than 20%. The method of claim 3, wherein the angle α is in the range of 100 ° to 160 °, more preferably 120 ° to 150 °, and most preferably 130 ° to 140 °. Abutment. The abutment according to any one of claims 3 to 6, wherein the component engagement portion (9) is provided at the transition between the post portion (5) and the shoulder portion (4). 8. The post portion according to claim 3, wherein the component engagement portion 9 has an outer surface 8 ′ which forms an angle δ with an outer surface 8 of the post portion. Abutment formed by the transition portion 5 'of 5). The abutment according to claim 8, wherein the angle δ is 10 ° to 40 °, more preferably 10 ° to 30 °, most preferably 12 °. 10. The outer surface 8 of claim 3, wherein the outer surface 8 of the post portion 5 is inward in the coronal direction from the maximum post diameter B to the post portion 5. Abutment tapering towards. 11. The post portion (5) according to claim 10, wherein the post portion (5) has a longitudinal axis (L), wherein the outer surface (8) of the post portion (5) is less than 20 degrees, more preferably 15 with respect to the longitudinal axis (L). The abutment value which is less than °, and most preferably forms an angle (phi) of 6 degrees. The angle δ according to claim 8 and 11, which is formed by the outer surface 8 of the post portion 5 and the outer surface 8 'of the transition portion 5' of the post portion 5. Is 2φ ± 10 ° where φ is an angle between the longitudinal axis L and the outer surface 8 of the post portion 5. 13. The outer surface 7 of the shoulder portion 4 is tapered inwardly in a tubular direction from the maximum shoulder diameter A to the shoulder portion 4. Abutment to lose. 14. The preparation tooth (1) according to claim 13, wherein the abutment (1) has a longitudinal axis (L), wherein the outer surface (7) of the shoulder portion (4) is 40 ° to 60 ° with respect to the longitudinal axis (L), preferably 50 Abutment that forms an angle χ. The abutment according to any one of claims 3 to 14, wherein the post portion (5) has a maximum diameter portion (B) in the range of 2 to 5 mm. 16. The shoulder portion (4) according to any one of claims 3 to 15, wherein the shoulder portion (4) has a maximum diameter portion (A), and the post portion (5) has the maximum diameter portion of the shoulder portion (4). Abutment tooth having a maximum diameter portion (B) of less than A) and the difference between said maximum diameter portions (A, B) is 0.2 to 1 mm, preferably 0.5 mm. 17. The axial extension of the shoulder portion 4 according to claim 3, wherein from 10% to 40%, preferably from 20% to 30% of the axial extension of the component support region 3. The abutment being in the range of. 18. The preparation tooth according to claim 1, wherein the maximum diameter portion (A) of the component support area (3) coincides with the maximum diameter portion of the preparation tooth (1). 19. Abutment according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the component engagement portion (9) forms part of a snap lock device. 20. The abutment according to claim 1, wherein the component engagement portion (9) comprises one or more protrusions or indentations on the outer surface (7, 8) of the component support area (3). 21. The abutment according to claim 20, wherein the component engagement portion 9 comprises grooves or ribs which extend at least partially around the circumference of the outer surface 7, 8 of the component support region 3. . The abutment (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the abutment (1) further comprises an extension area (11) provided between the implant contact area (2) and the component support area (3). Abutment. The abutment according to claim 22, wherein the extension region (11) has an outer surface (13) parallel to the longitudinal axis (L) of the extension region (11) or tapering outward in the tubular direction. 24. The abutment according to claim 22, wherein the transition between the extension region (11) and the component support region (3) constitutes the maximum diameter (A) of the component support region (3). The abutment (1) according to any one of claims 22 to 24, wherein the abutment (1) has a longitudinal axis (L), and the outer surface (13) of the extension zone (11) is in the range of 90 to 180 degrees with the longitudinal axis. Abutment that forms an angle ψ. 26. The preparation tooth according to claim 22, wherein the axial extension of the extension region 11 is in the range of 10% to 50% relative to the axial extension of the component support region 3. . 27. The implantable contact region (2) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the implant contact region (2) has a tubular contact portion (12) having an outer surface (14) tapering outward in the tubular direction of the abutment (1). Abutment to include. The abutment (1) according to claim 27, wherein the abutment (1) has a longitudinal axis (L), and the outer surface (14) of the tubular contact portion (12) forms a predetermined angle (ω) with the longitudinal axis, ω) is a zone value of 165 ° to 170 °, preferably 169 °. 29. Abutment tooth according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the maximum diameter (A) of the component support area (3) is in the range of 3 to 7 mm, preferably 3 to 6 mm. 30. The component support area 3 according to claim 1, wherein at least one rotation fixing means 15 is provided in the component support region 3 for rotationally fixing the dental component on the abutment 1. Abutment. 32. Abutment teeth according to claim 30, wherein the rotation fixing part (15) is formed on an outer surface (7, 8) of the component support area (3). 32. The preparation according to claim 31, wherein said rotation fixing means (15) is formed by a flat portion of said outer surface (7.8) of said component support area (3). 33. Abutment according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the implant contact area (2) comprises a top threaded shaft (16) coupled to the female thread of the implant. The abutment (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 33, wherein the abutment (1) is provided with a through hole (17) having a seating portion (18) on which a screw for coupling the abutment (1) to an implant is provided. Abutment. 35. A polygonal blind bore 19 extends from the tubular end 6 into the abutment 1, wherein the polygon blind bore 19 is abutment. Abutments that are useful for engaging a wrench tool when engaging (1) with an implant. 36. A component according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the abutment is provided with one or more markings 20 in the tubular direction in the component engagement means 9 to selectively shorten the abutment 1. Abutment. A series of abutments 1 according to any one of the preceding claims, Each abutment has a maximum diameter portion (A) of the component support area (3), wherein the maximum diameter portion (A) is constant for all of the series of preparation teeth. 37. The method according to any one of claims 3 to 36, wherein, when referring to claim 3 or 4, between the outer surface 8 of the post portion and the outer surface 7 of the shoulder portion 4. Wherein the angle α formed is constant for all of the series of abutments. 37. The abutment according to any one of claims 3 to 36, wherein each abutment has a longitudinal axis (L), between the implant contact region (2) and the implant contact region (2) and the component support region (3). Further comprising an extension region 11 extending from The longitudinal extension of the component support region (3) is constant between all of the series of abutments, while the longitudinal extension of the extension region (11) varies between the series of different abutments. 37. The abutment according to any one of claims 3 to 36, wherein each abutment has a longitudinal axis (L), and the implant contact region (2) and the implant contact region. (2) and an extension region 11 extending between the component support region 3, The extension region 11 provides an outer surface 13 which forms a predetermined angle ψ with the longitudinal axis L, The shoulder portion 4 provides an outer surface 7 tapering inward in the tubular direction and forming a predetermined angle χ with the longitudinal axis L, The post part 5 provides an outer surface 8 extending in the tubular direction from the shoulder part 4 and tapering inward in the tubular direction, the angle of which the outer surface forms with the longitudinal axis L. ) Is smaller than the angle χ that the outer surface 7 of the shoulder portion 4 makes with the longitudinal axis L, The angle χ between the outer surface 7 of the shoulder portion 4 and the longitudinal axis L and the angle φ between the outer surface 8 and the longitudinal axis L of the post portion 5 are the While constant in all a series of abutments, A series of abutments, wherein the angle ψ between the outer surface (13) of the extension area (11) and the longitudinal axis (L) varies between the series of different abutments. A series of abutments 1 each having a component support area 3, the component support area 3 having a post portion 5 having an outer surface 8 and the outer surface of the post portion 5. 8) and a shoulder portion 4 having an outer surface 7 forming an angle α of less than 180 °, wherein the angle α of less than 180 ° is constant at all of the series of abutments. Abutment. As a series of abutments 1 each having a longitudinal axis L, Further comprising an implant contact region 2, a component support region 3, and an extension region 11 extending between the implant contact region 2 and the component support region 3, The longitudinal extension of the component support region (3) is constant between all of the series of abutments, while the longitudinal extension of the extension region (11) varies between the series of different abutments. A series of abutments 1, each having a longitudinal axis L and for coupling a dental component to the implant, includes an implant contact region 2, a component support region 3 and an extension region 11 extending therebetween. Include, The extension region 11 provides an outer surface 13 which forms a predetermined angle ψ with the longitudinal axis L, The component support region 3 comprises a shoulder portion 4 which tapers inwardly in the tubular direction and provides an outer surface 7 which forms a predetermined angle χ with the longitudinal axis L, and the shoulder portion ( 4) a post portion 5 which extends tubularly from 4) and provides an outer surface 8 tapering inwardly in the tubular direction, wherein the angle? Between the outer surface 8 and the longitudinal axis L is the shoulder; It is smaller than the angle (χ) formed between the outer surface 7 of the portion 4 and the longitudinal axis L, The angle χ between the outer surface 7 of the shoulder portion 4 and the longitudinal axis L and the angle φ between the outer surface 8 and the longitudinal axis L of the post portion 5 are the While constant in all a series of abutments, A series of abutments, wherein the angle ψ between the outer surface (13) of the extension area (11) and the longitudinal axis (L) varies between the series of different abutments. Abutment replica 101 comprising a component support region 103 having the contour of a component support region 3 of abutment 1 according to claim 1, wherein: Abutment replica comprising simulated component engagement means 109. 45. The bore 130 of claim 44, wherein the bore 130 extends into the abutment replica 101 from a top end of the abutment replica 101 at a predetermined position in at least the tubular direction of the component engagement means 109. Abutment replica. 46. A replica according to claim 44 or 45, wherein the bore (130) is a blind bore terminated at a predetermined position in the tubular direction of the component engagement means (109). 47. A method according to any one of claims 44 to 46, wherein the abutment replicas are provided with one or more markings 120 in the tubular direction to the component engagement means 109 to selectively shorten the abutment replicas 101. The prepared tooth replica. Impression coping 201 for producing a pickup impression of a dental abutment 1 attached to a dental implant, Abutment peripheral region 203 for enclosing the abutment 1, the abutment peripheral region 203 having a tubular end 206 and an apical end 240, wherein the abutment 1 And inner wall 207 and 208 provided with abutment engaging portions 209 arranged to be releasably engaged with the abutment 1 by a linear displacement of the impression coping with respect to the abutment. ) Is disposed closer to the top end 240 than to the tubular end 206. 49. The method of claim 48 wherein the abutment peripheral region 203 extends tubularly from the shoulder contact portion 204 with the inner wall 207 and from the shoulder contact portion 204 and at the same time the portion of the shoulder contact portion 204. A post peripheral portion 205 providing an inner wall 208 that forms an angle α greater than 180 ° with the inner wall 207, wherein the abutment engagement portion 209 is formed of the abutment peripheral region 203. Impression coping provided in a post peripheral portion 205 that is closer to the shoulder contact portion 204 than the tubular end 206. The abutment engagement means 209 of claim 49, wherein the distance from the shoulder contact portion 204 is less than 50% of the distance between the shoulder contact portion 204 and the tubular end 206, preferably. Impression coping is installed in less than 30%, most preferably less than 20%. 51. An impression coping according to claim 49 or 50 wherein the angle [alpha] is in the range of 200 [deg.] To 260 [deg.], More preferably 210 [deg.] To 240 [deg.] And most preferably 220 [deg.] To 230 [deg.]. 52. An impression coping according to any one of claims 49 to 51 wherein the abutment engagement portion (209) is provided in the transition portion between the post peripheral portion (205) and the shoulder contact portion (204). 53. An impression coping according to any of claims 48 to 52 wherein the abutment engagement portion (209) forms part of a snap lock. 54. The impression according to any one of claims 48 to 53, wherein the abutment engagement portion 209 includes one or more protrusions or indentations in the inner walls 207 and 208 of the abutment peripheral region 203. Coping. 55. The impression coping of claim 54, wherein said abutment engagement portion (209) comprises grooves or ribs extending at least partially around the circumference of the inner wall (207, 208) of said abutment peripheral region (203). 56. An impression as claimed in any one of claims 48 to 55 wherein the impression coping 201 has a through passage 217 extending from the tubular end of the impression coping 201 to the top end. Dragon Coping. 59. The impression coping 201 has a longitudinal axis L, and an inner wall 208 of the abutment peripheral region 203 is one or more abutment contact surfaces 243 for contact with the abutment 1. And one or more space forming surfaces 244 spaced from the abutment to provide a predetermined space between the abutment 1 and the longitudinal axis in a cross section of the abutment surrounding area 203. And a distance r1 from (L) to said abutment contact surface (243) is shorter than a distance from said longitudinal axis (L) to said space forming surface (244). 59. An impression coping according to claim 57 wherein said space forming surface (244) is provided with a vent (245) for passage of at least one of air and an impression material. 59. An impression coping according to claim 57 or 58 wherein at least one abutment contact surface (243) is tapered inward in the tubular direction of the impression coping (201). 60. An impression according to claim 59, wherein said at least one abutment contact surface 243 forms an inclination angle of less than 20 °, preferably less than 15 ° and most preferably 6 ° with the longitudinal axis of the impression coping 201. Dragon Coping. 61. The rotation fixing means 215 according to any one of claims 57 to 60, wherein at least one abutment contact region 243 is provided with a rotation fixing means 215 for rotationally fixing the impression coping 201 on the dental abutment 1. Impression coping to be. 62. An impression coping according to claim 61 wherein said rotation fixing means (215) is formed by a flat portion of said abutment contact surface (243). 63. The impression coping according to any one of claims 57 to 62, wherein at least one space forming surface (244) is provided in the tubular direction of said abutment engagement means (209). 64. The method of any one of claims 57 to 63, wherein at least two abutment contact surfaces 243 are disposed opposite each other, and the two space forming surfaces 244 are also opposed to each other between the abutment contact surfaces 243. Impression copings to be deployed. 65. An impression coping according to any of claims 48 to 64, comprising an extension region (241) provided in the tubular direction of said abutment peripheral region (203) to extend into said impression material. 66. An impression coping as claimed in claim 65 wherein the extension region (241) is provided with a retaining element (242) for retaining the impression coping (201) in the impression material. A set consisting of abutment 1 for coupling a dental component to an implant and an impression coping 201 for producing a pickup impression of the abutment 1, The abutment 1 comprises an implant contact region 2 and a component support region 3 with a maximum diameter A, the component support region 3 having a tubular end from the maximum diameter A. Extends tubularly to (6), the component support region (3) is provided with a component engagement portion (9) at a position closer to the maximum diameter (A) than the tubular end (6), The impression coping 201 includes an abutment peripheral region 203 surrounding the abutment 1, the impression coping 201 on the abutment 1 by linear displacement of the dental component relative to the abutment 1. Set an inner wall (208) provided with abutment engagement portion (209) corresponding to the component engagement portion (9) of the abutment (1) to releasably engage. 68. The set according to claim 67, wherein the dimension of the maximum outer diameter of the abutment contact portion (203) of the impression coping (201) is equal to or less than the dimension of the maximum diameter portion (A) of the abutment (1). The preparation tooth (1) according to claim 67 or 68, wherein the abutment (1) comprises an implant contact area (2) and a component support area (3), The pulling coping 201 has a passageway extending from the tubular end of the pulling coping 201 to the top end, And abutment peripheral region 203 to be seated on the abutment 1, The inner walls 207, 208 of the abutment peripheral region 203 provide a space for the selective injection of impression material between one or more post contact surfaces 243 in contact with the abutment 1 and the abutment 1. And at least one space forming surface (244) spaced from said abutment (1) to provide.