KR20040108147A - producing method of protein hydrolysates from fish scale - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE: A producing method of protein hydrolysates from fishscale is provided, thereby easily producing high purity of protein hydrolysates having low molecular weight which are useful in health food, drink, beauty-care, medicine and cosmetic. CONSTITUTION: The producing method of protein hydrolysates from fishscale comprises the steps of: dipping fishscale in 0.015 to 1.5M of alkali metal dissolved solution at room temperature for 2 to 48 hours, and dipping the alkali treated fishscale in 0.003 to 3M of hydrochloric acid solution at room temperature for 1 to 48 hours to remove impurities from the fishscale; hydrolyzing the pretreated fishscale using an endo-type enzyme to obtain hydrolysates; sequentially passing the hydrolysates through microfilter and ultrafilter; sequentially passing the filtered solution through nanofilter and ion exchange resin; and drying the peptide hydrolysates, wherein the endo-type enzyme is selected from pepsin, trypsin, papain, rennin, collagenase and cathepsin.

Description

Producing method of protein hydrolysates from fish scale

The present invention relates to a method for producing a protein hydrolyzate using fish scales, and more particularly, using a scale attached to the shell of various fishes inhabiting seawater or fresh water and having a low molecular weight of 500 to 10,000, while having high purity. The present invention relates to a method for preparing protein hydrolyzate using fish scales that can be usefully used as a raw material or an additive in the fields of beauty, health drinks, health foods, medicines and cosmetics.

Collagen is a fibrous light protein that fills cells between cells in an animal's body and is made in multicellular animals rather than single cells. It is particularly distributed in connective tissues of the body, and the collagen polypeptide consists of three helixes of amino acid residues.

Collagen with this structure has functions such as adhesion of cells, support of body and organs, activation of cell function, cell proliferation, hemostasis, immunity, etc. It is a protein.

Collagen having the above characteristics is currently being used as a raw material or additives in various fields, including beauty, health drinks, health foods, pharmaceuticals and cosmetics, and its application field is gradually expanding due to its functional characteristics.

Collagen has generally been produced by collecting bones and skins of cows or pigs, but recently, collagen using other raw materials other than animals to secure the safety of products due to the increased incidence of disease in cows and pigs. There is a need for a technique for producing a.

As part of this demand, various techniques for preparing collagen using fish shells or scales are known, but as the shell of fish is easily rotted and bad odor occurs, the working environment in the process of manufacturing collagen is very poor. But the safety of corruption is an issue.

Due to these problems, the use of fish scales as a raw material for extracting collagen has increased significantly. Thus, when using fish scales as raw materials for extracting collagen, the washing and drying process is good, resulting in bad odor and There is an advantage that the problem of stability due to corruption is solved. In particular, the scales of various fish inhabiting seawater or freshwater are known to contain about 40% by weight of protein, which can be usefully used as a raw material for extracting collagen.

However, since the collagen protein constituting the fish scales has a high molecular weight, the protein of the fish scales extracted by the conventional method is not easily absorbed by the human body, but also has poor solubility, and is particularly contained in the fish scales. Due to the excessive calcium component and impurities present, the purity is low, the field of use is limited.

Accordingly, there is a need for a technique for obtaining a high-purity, low-molecular-weight protein hydrolyzate from fish scales, and in response to this demand, the present inventors can prepare collagen peptides, which are high-purity, low-molecular-weight protein hydrolysates, from fish scales. After studying the method, the present invention was completed.

Accordingly, the present invention is to prepare a collagen peptide, which is a hydrolyzate of a protein having a molecular weight of 500 ~ 10,000 from the scales of fish inhabiting sea water or fresh water to facilitate digestion and absorption in the human body, which is useful in various fields. It is an object of the present invention to provide a method for preparing protein hydrolyzate using fish scales.

The present invention to achieve the above object

In the method for producing a protein from fish scales,

A pretreatment step of sequentially performing washed and washed fish scales with base treatment and acid treatment to remove impurities and calcium components other than the base protein; A hydrolysis step of hydrolyzing the pretreated fish scales to obtain a low molecular weight hydrolyzate; A filtration step of sequentially passing the hydrolyzate through a micro filter and an ultra filter to obtain a filtrate; A purification step of sequentially passing the filtrate through a nanofilter and an ion exchange resin to remove salts, deodorants and pigments; It provides a method for producing a protein hydrolyzate using a fish scale, characterized in that it comprises a; post-treatment step of obtaining a powdered peptide hydrolyzate by drying the solution obtained by purification.

Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in more detail.

In the present invention, the base is subjected to a pretreatment step of sequentially performing base treatment and acid treatment using washed fish scales. At this time, the fish scales may be used scales attached to the shells of various fish such as red sea bream or black sea bream inhabiting seawater or fresh water, and collected and washed with water, followed by base treatment and acid treatment.

The base treatment in the pretreatment step is to immerse the cleanly washed fish scales in a base solution in which the alkali metal is dissolved at a concentration of 0.015 to 1.50 M, and then to treat it at room temperature for 2 to 48 hours. Examples of the alkali metal that can be used include sodium hydroxide and calcium hydroxide. , Potassium hydroxide or magnesium hydroxide can be used. This base treatment removes pigments and fats contained in fish scales, odor components that are perishable, polysaccharides and proteins of muscle cells.

In addition, acid treatment is performed by immersing the base-treated fish scales in a hydrochloric acid solution of 0.003-3M concentration for 1 to 48 hours at room temperature, by removing the calcium component contained in the fish scales through this treatment to obtain the desired yield The quality of the water product will be improved.

The concentration of the hydrochloric acid solution during acid treatment does not need to exceed 3.0M. If the concentration is less than 0.003M, there is a disadvantage in that the removal rate and removal efficiency of calcium components are low. It is desirable to. More preferable concentration of the hydrochloric acid solution is 0.4 to 1.0M.

In order to maximize the treatment efficiency in the above-described base treatment or acid treatment, the treatment solution is preferably heated, and the heating temperature is preferably treated at 50 ° C. or lower in consideration of denaturation of the protein.

When the base treatment and the acid treatment are sequentially performed, odor components, impurities and calcium components which are easily decayed are removed, and protein hydrolyzate can be efficiently separated and purified from fish scales.

After the pretreatment step is completed, the pretreated fish scale is hydrolyzed to obtain a low molecular weight hydrolyzate.

The hydrolysis may be applied by a method of decomposing by heating in an acid solution or a basic solution, but in the present invention, in consideration of the quality and safety of the product, pre-treated fish scales are added to water together with an endo type hydrolase to hydrolysis. The method was applied.

At this time, the amount of the fish scale added to the water and the amount of the endo-hydrolase can be changed fluidly. In other words, the less hydrolyzed fish scales can be filtered out in the refining step described later and recycled back to hydrolysis. The hydrolase can be adjusted in consideration of the rate of decomposition, and thus the endo hydrolase and fish added to the water. The scales may be appropriately adjusted according to the hydrolysis situation. In the present invention, in consideration of the decomposition time and processing efficiency, 5 to 20 parts by weight of pre-treated fish scales and 0.1 to 0.5 parts by weight of endo type hydrolase were added to 100 parts by weight of water for hydrolysis.

In this way, high molecular weight muscle matrix proteins contained in fish scales are degraded by endo type hydrolase and hydrolyzed into low molecular weight collagen peptides having a molecular weight of 500 to 10,000. In order to induce the activation of the enzyme in the hydrolysis step to increase the hydrolysis efficiency, it is preferable to hydrolyze at 20 ~ 70 ℃ for 4 to 48 hours.

An enzyme for degrading fish scales is used as an endo hydrolase, and the endo hydrolase may be selected from pepsin, trypsin, papain, rennin, collagenase or cathepsin.

The hydrolyzate obtained in the hydrolysis step is passed through a micro filter and an ultra filter sequentially to obtain a filtrate. The protein hydrolyzate obtained in the above hydrolysis step includes a high molecular weight collagen peptide as well as a low molecular weight collagen peptide. Is included with several impurities. Therefore, the hydrolyzate is sequentially passed through the microfilter and the ultrafilter in order to remove unnecessary high molecular weight peptides and various impurities of relatively large size.

The micro filter and the ultra filter used in the filtration step may be generally used, and the filtrate obtained in each step is successively carried out the following process, and the filtered filtrate is returned to the aforementioned hydrolysis step. It is better to be able to recycle to hydrolysis so that higher yields can be obtained.

The filtrate obtained through the filtration step is subjected to a purification step of sequentially removing the salt and impurities contained in the filtrate by sequentially passing the nano-filter and ion exchange resin. That is, the filtrate that has passed through the micro-filter and the ultra-filter includes a small impurity, including salt, to pass through the nano-filter and the ion exchange resin in order to remove it.

The nanofilters and ion exchange resins used in the purification step are removed from the odor and color substances remaining in the solution to obtain a higher purity and higher molecular weight collagen peptide of higher purity. After such a purification step, activated carbon may be treated to remove odors and colored substances that may remain in the hydrolyzate, thereby preparing a collagen peptide of higher quality.

The solution obtained by purification in the purification step is subjected to a post-treatment step of drying to obtain a hydrolyzate in powder form, and drying may be applied to various drying methods, including conventional hot air drying.

Thus, after the post-treatment step, it is possible to obtain a collagen peptide, which is a low molecular weight protein hydrolyzate according to the present invention. It is excellent and can be widely used in various fields.

In particular, the collagen peptide obtained according to the present invention has excellent coloring properties in terms of foaming, moisturizing and protective colloidal properties, and prevents the expansion of the product, and has a dissolution temperature lower than that of terrestrial animal collagen, food additives, beauty, health food, It can be usefully used for beverages, pharmaceuticals and cosmetics.

In addition, the present invention can obtain a superior product by removing bacteria and odors compared to the collagen peptide derived from conventional fish, there is an advantage to provide an environmentally friendly technology by recycling the fish waste.

The prepared collagen collagen peptide may be packaged and marketed by a predetermined amount as necessary, and the packaging may be easily carried out by applying a conventional method.

Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the following examples, which are only intended to help understanding of the present invention, but the present invention is not limited thereto.

<Examples 1 to 7>

2 g of washed dome scales were immersed in 0.1 N sodium hydroxide solution, stirred at 35 ° C. for 24 hours, washed, followed by base treatment, and the washed fish scales were again immersed in hydrochloric acid solution shown in Table 1 for 24 hours at 35 ° C. After stirring, the solution was washed with acid. The calcium content and protein content of fish scales according to the concentration of hydrochloric acid were measured and the results are shown in Table 1 below.

division Hydrochloric acid concentration (N) Sample amount (g) Calcium content (wt%) Protein content (%) Example 1 0.05 2 16.5013 48.4 Example 2 0.1 2 14.9082 52.1 Example 3 0.2 2 8.9465 69.8 Example 4 0.4 2 1.4627 97.9 Example 5 0.6 2 0.9948 98.1 Example 6 0.8 2 0.9192 97.9 Example 7 1.0 2 0.9182 98.0

<Example 8>

1.2 g of the fish scales obtained in Example 5 were added to 15 ml of distilled water, and then 1 mg of trypsin enzyme was added thereto, followed by hydrolysis at 35 ° C. for 24 hours. The hydrolyzate obtained by hydrolysis was sequentially passed through a micro filter, an ultra filter, a nano filter, and an ion exchange resin, followed by hot air drying to obtain collagen peptide powder, which is a hydrolyzate of a protein derived from fish scales.

The molecular weight and purity of the obtained collagen peptide are shown in Table 2 below, and the results of amino acid analysis of the collagen peptide are shown in Table 3 below.

Molecular Weight water(%) 500-10,000 89.797

amino acid Content (ug / mg) amino acid Content (ug / mg) ASX 48.28 PRO 121.76 GLX 96.34 TYR 2.92 SER 15.00 VAL 24.23 HIS 0.00 MET 17.78 GLY 258.48 ILE 25.62 ARG 75.96 LEU 26.03 THR 21.61 PHE 15.42 OH-PRO 29.78 LYS 12.82 ALA 105.94

As shown in Table 2 and Table 3 it can be confirmed that the collagen peptide prepared in fish scales according to the present invention has a small molecular weight and high purity.

As described above, the present invention provides a method for preparing protein hydrolyzate using fish scales, which makes it easy to prepare high-purity, low-molecular-weight collagen peptides having a molecular weight of 500 to 10,000 from scales of fish inhabiting sea water or fresh water. There is a useful effect to provide.

In particular, the peptide produced by the present invention is a pale yellow or white powder, low molecular weight, so that the digestion and absorption of the human body is not only easy, but also has excellent solubility, so that it can be applied to various fields such as health food, health drink, beauty, medicine and cosmetic materials. It has an effect. In addition, by removing the perishable odor component through the pre-treatment process of fish scales can not only obtain a higher quality collagen peptide, but also has a useful effect of providing an environmentally friendly technology by recycling the fish waste.

Claims (4)

In the method for producing a protein from fish scales, A pretreatment step of sequentially performing washed and washed fish scales with base treatment and acid treatment to remove impurities and calcium components other than the base protein; A hydrolysis step of hydrolyzing the pretreated fish scales to obtain a low molecular weight hydrolyzate; A filtration step of sequentially passing the hydrolyzate through a micro filter and an ultra filter to obtain a filtrate; A purification step of sequentially passing the filtrate through a nanofilter and an ion exchange resin to remove salts, deodorants and pigments; A post-treatment step of obtaining a powdered peptide hydrolyzate by drying the solution obtained by purification. The fish scale according to claim 1, wherein the fish scales washed with water in the pretreatment step are immersed in a base solution in which an alkali metal of 0.015 to 1.50 M concentration is dissolved, followed by base treatment at room temperature for 2 to 48 hours. A method for producing protein hydrolyzate using fish scales, which is immersed in a hydrochloric acid solution at a concentration of 3M and subjected to acid treatment at room temperature for 1 to 48 hours. The method for preparing protein hydrolyzate using fish scales according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the hydrolyzing step adds pretreated fish scales to water together with an endo type hydrolase to obtain a low molecular weight hydrolyzate. The method for preparing protein hydrolyzate using fish scales according to claim 3, wherein the endo type hydrolase is selected from pepsin, trypsin, papain, renlin, collagenase or cathepsins.