KR20040088870A - Apparatus and method for purifying water through an electrical adsorption-desorption cycle using an activated carbon electrode with both positive and negative - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE: An apparatus and a method for purifying water through electrical adsorption-desorption cycle using activated carbon electrode with both positive and negative are provided to increase removal rate of inorganic ions from water containing high inorganic salts and improve electrode regeneration efficiency. CONSTITUTION: The apparatus comprises a power supply unit for impressing negative voltage and positive voltage of 0.1 to 2.0 volts; and purification reactors comprising the active carbon electrodes(22,30) that are connected to the power supply unit to desorb and remove the adsorbed inorganic ions after adsorbing inorganic ions contained in water as cations and anions respectively, wherein one or more of the purification reactors are installed with being connected to each other, and wherein the purification reactors are constructed in multistage and consisted of spacers(26) through which water flows, active carbon electrodes(22,30) of anode and cathode connected to positive and negative voltage impressing wires of the power supply unit to adsorb cations and anions, cation and anion exchange membranes(24,28) through which only cations and anions contained in water selectively pass, and anode and cathode current collectors(20,32) formed of carbon foil.

Description

Apparatus and method for purifying water through an electrical adsorption-desorption cycle using an activated carbon electrode with both positive and negative}

The present invention relates to an electroadsorption-and-desorption water purification device using a cathode positive active carbon electrode and a water purification method using the device. In more detail, the present invention is an apparatus and method for purifying water by an electrochemical method, which rapidly converts inorganic ions from industrial wastewater, seawater, brackish water, etc. through an ion exchange membrane by applying a voltage of 0.1 to 2.0 volts to an activated carbon electrode. After adsorption on the electrode, the same voltage is reversed to prevent adsorption according to the role of the ion exchange membrane, and the electrosorption and desorption type using a cathode-cathodic active carbon electrode capable of quickly desorbing only the adsorbed ions to remove inorganic ions in water. A water purification device and a water purification method using the device.

Generally, there are many methods for purifying a large amount of water, such as ion exchange resin method, reverse osmosis membrane method, evaporation method, etc., but there are many disadvantages such as high energy consumption, secondary pollutant generation, and difficulty in maintenance.

In order to purify a large amount of water, the task is to reduce energy consumption, reduce secondary environmental pollution, and make maintenance easier. In order to solve this problem, a purification method using the electrosorption principle has been attempted.

However, the purification method using the electrosorption and desorption principle also requires a fast adsorption and desorption rate and a high efficiency of the desorption process when using a serial multistage reactor.

Accordingly, the present invention provides a high-capacity electrosorption and desorption water using a cathode-cathodic active carbon electrode that can increase the removal rate of inorganic ions from water containing high inorganic salts such as industrial wastewater, seawater, and brackish water, and improve the regeneration efficiency of the electrode. It is an object of the present invention to provide a purification device and a water purification method using the device.

1 is an overall process diagram of a large-capacity electroadsorbable water purification device of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a three-dimensional perspective view of the purification reactor in FIG. 1.

3 is a plan view of the purification reactor of FIG.

4 is a front view of the purification reactor of FIG.

5 is a side view of the purification reactor of FIG. 1.

6 is a flow chart of the purification reactor of FIG.

<Description of the symbols for the main parts of the drawings>

10: purification reactor 12: DC power supply

14: negative voltage supply line 16: positive voltage supply line

18: fluid tube 20: negative electrode current collector

22: negative electrode 24: cation exchange membrane

26 spacer 28 anion exchange membrane

30 positive electrode 32 positive electrode current collector

Large-capacity electrosorption-and-desorption water purification apparatus using the positive-cathode active carbon electrode of the present invention includes a power supply for applying a negative voltage and a positive voltage of 0.1 to 2.0 volts; While connected to the power supply device is characterized in that the purifying reactor having an activated carbon electrode for adsorbing the inorganic ions in the water with cations and anions, respectively, and then desorption to remove one or more.

In the present invention, the purification reactor selectively passes only the positive and negative ions in the active carbon electrode of the positive electrode and the negative electrode, which is connected to the spacer, the positive and negative voltage applied lines through which water flows and adsorbs positive and negative ions. It consists of a positive and negative electrode current collector which consists of a cation and anion exchange membrane, and carbon foil.

In addition, the large-capacity electroabsorbable water purification method using the positive-cathode active carbon electrode of the present invention applies a positive voltage and a negative voltage of 0.1 to 2.0 volts from the power supply to the purification reactor flowing water containing inorganic ions, In the purification reactor, the positive and negative electrodes to which voltage is applied are selectively adsorbed, and when inorganic ions are saturated and adsorbed on each electrode, a reverse voltage is applied to them to remove and desorb inorganic ions. It is characterized in that it is carried out repeatedly in multiple stages using a purification reactor connected in series.

In the method of the present invention, the adsorption of inorganic ions to the positive electrode and the negative electrode is carried out through the cation exchange membrane and the anion exchange membrane, and the desorption is carried out by preventing the passage of these ion exchange membrane due to the application of the reverse voltage. It is done.

This invention will be described in more detail based on the accompanying drawings.

Figure 1 is a schematic diagram showing the arrangement of the large-capacity electrodesorption water purification apparatus of the present invention, according to Figure 1, the large-capacity electrosorption water purification apparatus of the present invention is the inorganic ion in water cations and anions Purifying reactor 10 for desorption and removal of the respective adsorptions, power supply device 12 for supplying voltage to the purifying reactor 10, and negative voltage for applying a negative voltage to the purifying reactor 10. And an application line 14 and a positive voltage application line 16 for applying a positive voltage to the purification reactor 10.

FIG. 2 is a three-dimensional perspective view of the purification reactor 10 to purify the inorganic ions by the electrosorption and desorption reaction in FIG. 1, wherein water is introduced into the purification reactor through the lower fluid tube 18, and the upper fluid tube Water 18 is to flow through, so that the water is repeatedly flowed through a plurality of purification reactors 10 connected in series as shown by the arrow in FIG.

3 is a plan view of the purification reactor 10 of FIG. 1, in which water flows through the fluid pipe 18, and negative voltage is supplied from the voltage supply device 12 through the negative voltage applying line 14. A positive voltage is applied to the purification reactor 10 and a positive voltage applied through the positive voltage applying line 16.

Figure 4 shows a front view of the purification reactor 10 of Figure 1, Figure 5 shows a side view. Purification reactor 10 of the present invention is the negative electrode current collector 20, the negative electrode 22, the cation exchange membrane 24, the spacer 26 for maintaining the water flow, the anion exchange membrane 28, the positive electrode 30, the positive electrode The current collector 32 is composed of. The components can be freely increased in multiple stages to accommodate the water treatment capacity.

FIG. 6 shows the flow direction of water in the purification reactor 10. The water flows into the reactor through the lower fluid pipe 18 and moves to the center hole through the spacer 26. Out through the purification reactor (10). As water moves in the spacer 26, cations in the water pass through the cation exchange membrane 24 and are adsorbed to the negative electrode 22 to which a negative voltage of 0.5 to 2.0 volts is applied, and anions pass through the anion exchange membrane 28. A positive voltage of 0.1 to 2.0 volts is adsorbed to the applied positive electrode 30.

When the ions are adsorbed and saturated on each electrode, a regeneration process of desorbing and removing these ions is continued. In this process, a positive voltage of 0.1 to 2.0 volts is applied to the negative electrode 22 and 0.1 to 2.0 volts to the positive electrode 30 as opposed to the adsorption process. When a negative voltage of is applied, ions adsorbed to each electrode are desorbed. At this time, the anion does not pass through the cation exchange membrane and the cation cannot pass through the anion exchange membrane, so that no adsorption reaction occurs to each electrode. Therefore, the regeneration efficiency can be maximized.

Large-capacity electrosorption and desorption water purification device and method using the positive-cathode active carbon electrode of the present invention uses less electricity of 0.1 to 2.0 volts, which consumes less energy and does not use chemicals during regeneration, thus eliminating environmental pollution and convenient maintenance. Do. Depending on the water quality, it is possible to connect several purification reactors in series so that it is easy to configure according to the water quality, and it is also effective to increase the capacity by easily installing components according to the required treatment capacity in one reactor.

In addition, it is possible to maximize the regeneration efficiency by adding an ion exchange membrane. Therefore, it is economically effective to produce a variety of water from the water containing a high concentration of inorganic substances can be utilized for each purpose.

Claims (4)

A power supply device 12 for applying a negative voltage and a positive voltage of 0.1 to 2.0 volts; One or more purifying reactors 10 having activated carbon electrodes 20 and 30 which are connected to the power supply device 12 and adsorb the inorganic ions in water with cations and anions, respectively, and then desorb and are removed. Large-capacity electrosorption-and-desorption water purification device using a cathode positive electrode active carbon electrode, characterized in that the installation. The method of claim 1, wherein the purification reactor 10 is connected to the spacer 26 through which water flows, the positive voltage and negative voltage applying lines (14, 16) of the power supply device 12 and the positive and negative Activated carbon electrodes (22.30) of the positive and negative electrodes to be adsorbed, positive and negative electrode current collector (20, 32) consisting of a positive and negative ion exchange membrane (24, 28) and carbon foil that selectively passes only cations and anions in water Water purifier, characterized in that consisting of several stages. A positive voltage and a negative voltage of 0.1 to 2.0 volts are applied from the power supply to a purification reactor in which water containing inorganic ions flows, and the positive and negative electrodes in the purification reactor selectively absorb inorganic ions in water. After the adsorption and saturation of the inorganic ions on each electrode, a process of removing the inorganic ions by applying opposite voltages to them again and again to remove the inorganic ions is carried out repeatedly in a multi-step using a purification reactor connected in series. Large capacity electrosorption and desorption water purification method using activated carbon electrode. The method of claim 3, wherein the adsorption of inorganic ions to the positive electrode and the negative electrode is carried out via a cation exchange membrane and an anion exchange membrane, the desorption is carried out by preventing the passage of these ion exchange membrane due to the application of a reverse voltage. Water purification method to use.