KR101094731B1 - Electrochemical water treatment apparatus using carbon electrodes - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention is to provide an electrochemical water treatment apparatus for removing inorganic ions from seawater, salt water, industrial wastewater and the like containing inorganic ions using a carbon electrode structure of the carbon electrode to dramatically increase the performance of the electrochemical water treatment apparatus It relates to the shape and configuration of the reactor. The present invention has a low energy consumption, does not generate secondary pollutants to remove inorganic ions in the water compared to other conventional techniques, and has an effect of easy maintenance.

Electrochemical, water treatment, carbon electrode

Description

Electrochemical Water Treatment Apparatus Using Carbon Electrode {ELECTROCHEMICAL WATER TREATMENT APPARATUS USING CARBON ELECTRODES}

The present invention relates to an electrochemical water treatment apparatus using a carbon electrode, and more particularly, to an electrochemical water treatment apparatus using a carbon electrode having an improved water treatment efficiency compared to conventional methods in removing inorganic ions from water such as wastewater, brine, and seawater. It is about.

In general, there are various methods of removing inorganic ions in water, such as agglomeration, ion exchange resin, and reverse osmosis membrane method. However, these methods have a high complexity of treatment equipment, high energy consumption, difficulty in generating secondary pollutants, operation and maintenance. It has many disadvantages. In order to solve this problem, various water treatment methods using electrochemical adsorption and desorption principles have been attempted, but the performance problem of the carbon electrode used to remove inorganic ions and the effective utilization efficiency of the carbon electrode in the reactor during the inorganic ion removal process are influenced. There are various problems in using electrochemical water treatment technology using carbon electrodes such as flow path formation problems.

Accordingly, the present invention was devised to solve the above-described problems, and includes a carbon electrode and a carbon electrode capable of increasing the adsorption removal efficiency and desorption and regeneration efficiency of the carbon electrode of the inorganic ions in the wastewater, salt water, and seawater. The purpose is to provide an electrochemical water treatment apparatus using.

Electrochemical water treatment apparatus using a carbon electrode according to the present invention for achieving the object as described above includes at least one pair of plate-shaped carbon electrode inside the reactor to remove the inorganic ions in the water by cations and anions, respectively. In addition, the surface of the carbon electrode is characterized in that the concave-convex shape having a depth of 0.1 to 0.7 mm, the width 1.0 to 4.0 mm ² .

In the present invention, the reactor is characterized in that the electrochemical unit cell is composed of at least one stage of the cell, the electrochemical unit cell comprises a spacer through which water flows; The carbon electrode is adsorbed in the water and used as a positive electrode and a negative electrode; An ion exchange membrane for selectively passing ions in water; And a positive electrode and a negative electrode current collector formed of carbon graphite, which directly serves to directly apply an external direct current power source to the carbon electrode.

In addition, the uneven shape of the surface of the carbon electrode may be characterized in that it has a circular or rectangular shape.

In addition, the inside of the reactor may be filled with spherical media having a diameter of 5 to 10 mm except for the space in which the carbon electrode is mounted.

In addition, the media filled in the reactor may be formed of a variety of materials except electrical conductors.

In addition, the reactor may be characterized by having a cylindrical or square cylindrical shape.

As described in detail above, in the electrochemical water treatment apparatus using the carbon electrode according to the present invention, the surface contacting with the water of the carbon electrode for adsorption and removal of inorganic ions has an uneven shape so that the area used for adsorption is greatly increased and the same. Even with the electrode area size, the ion adsorption treatment capacity can be greatly increased, and the water contained in the reactor allows the flow of water to flow uniformly over the entire surface of the carbon electrode, thereby greatly increasing the removal efficiency of ions.

In addition, the regeneration efficiency of the inorganic ions adsorbed on the carbon electrode greatly increases the regeneration efficiency. Therefore, it is effective to use for producing various water from water containing inorganic ions in water.

Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in more detail with reference to the drawings.

1 is a cross-sectional view of a reactor of an electrochemical water treatment apparatus using a carbon electrode.

Referring to FIG. 1, a reactor 100 according to an embodiment of the present invention includes an electrochemical unit cell 120, a spherical media 140, an inlet 160 through which water to be treated is introduced, and treated water is discharged. The outlet 180 is comprised. In the reactor 100, one to a plurality of electrochemical unit cells 120 may be stacked. In addition, one water treatment device may be composed of a plurality of reactors.

Water to be treated is introduced through the inlet 160, and the spherical media 140 is disposed around the electrochemical unit cell 120 in the reactor 100. The spherical media 140 filled inside the reactor 100 serves to maintain a uniform flow of the fluid inside the reactor 100, which occurs in most general reactors, thereby greatly reducing the effective efficiency of the reactor. By greatly reducing the channeling effect, etc., the adsorption efficiency of the removal of inorganic ions in water and the desorption and regeneration efficiency of ions can be greatly increased. The spherical media 140 may be formed of various materials, but preferably formed of a material other than an electrical conductor.

As such, the water to be treated introduced through the inlet 160 is electrochemically removed from the inorganic ions by the carbon electrodes in the reactor 100. Anions are attached to the anode of the carbon electrode, and cations are attached to the cathode by electrical force, respectively, and the water is adsorbed to the carbon electrode, and the water is discharged to the outside through the outlet 180.

FIG. 2 is a side view of an electrochemical unit cell mounted inside the reactor of FIG. 1.

FIG. 2 is a side view of an electrochemical unit cell, which is a minimum structural unit mounted on a reactor 100 of an electrochemical water treatment device and serves to adsorb and remove inorganic ions in water with cations and anions, respectively. 2, an electrochemical unit cell 120 according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a positive electrode carbon electrode 200 and a negative electrode carbon electrode 210, a cation selective membrane 220 and an anion selective membrane 240, The spacer 260 and the current collector 280 are included.

The positive electrode and the negative electrode carbon electrode (200, 210) is characterized in that the surface directly adsorbing cations and anions in the water is made of irregularities. By using the surface of the concave-convex shape, there is an effect that can more efficiently adsorb cations and anions in water.

The cation selective membrane 220 and the anion selective membrane 240 serve to selectively adsorb the positive and negative ions in the negative electrode carbon electrode 210 and the positive electrode carbon electrode 200. In addition, the spacer 260 provides a flow path through which water moves in the unit cell, and the current collector 280 supplies a DC voltage of 1 to 3 volts to the two carbon electrodes 170. ) To directly apply positive and negative power. The reactor 100 may include one or more stages of the electrochemical unit cell 120.

Figure 3a is a perspective view showing the surface shape of the flat carbon electrode constituting the positive electrode, the negative electrode of the electrochemical unit cell. FIG. 3B is an enlarged partial perspective view of portion 'A' of FIG. 3A.

3A is a plan view showing the shape of the surface of the plate-shaped carbon electrode constituting the electrochemical unit cell mounted in the reactor. The planar anode and cathode carbon electrodes 200 and 210 of the present invention are manufactured to have a depth of irregularities of 0.1 to 0.7 mm and an area of irregularities of 1.0 to 4.0 mm ² so that the surface has irregularities. This allows the carbon electrode to adsorb more ions in the same area and improves the presence of voids between the surface irregularities of the carbon electrode 200 and the ion selective membranes 220 and 240 during the regeneration process. As a result, desorption of ions from the carbon electrodes 200 and 210 is more easily performed, thereby greatly maximizing the regeneration efficiency.

Referring to FIG. 3B, it can be seen that the uneven form of the carbon electrode has a depth of 'h' and an area of 's'. The depth (h) of the unevenness is in the range of about 0.1 to 0.7 mm, and the width (s) of the unevenness is manufactured to have about 1.0 to 4.0 mm ² . Since the shape of the unevenness is not necessarily limited to the shape of the rectangle, of course, it can be made of any other shape of unevenness having the above-mentioned range (s).

The plate-shaped carbon electrodes 200 and 210 having the uneven surface according to the present invention may be manufactured by various methods such as a press method, a rolling method, etc. using a frame having unevenness as a material of porous activated carbon, a conductive material and a binder.

4 is a water treatment process diagram of an electrochemical water treatment apparatus using the carbon electrode of the present invention.

As shown in FIG. 4, two or more reactors 100 may be connected to form a single process. The water discharged after being treated in the first reactor 100 is first introduced into another reactor 100 to be reprocessed secondarily, thereby increasing treatment efficiency of the treated water. In general, since the reactor 100 includes a plurality of electrochemical unit cells 120 formed in stages, power is supplied to the plurality of reactors 100 through one power supply device 170 as shown in FIG. 4. Can be supplied.

The shape of the reactor 100 of the present invention can be produced in various ways to be suitably arranged in a facility that is installed, such as rectangular cylinder, cylindrical.

Although the above has been illustrated and described with respect to the preferred embodiments of the present invention, the present invention is not limited to the above-described specific embodiments, and the present invention belongs in the art without departing from the gist of the present invention as claimed in the claims. Various modifications can be made by those skilled in the art, and these modifications should not be individually understood from the technical spirit or the prospect of the present invention.

1 is a cross-sectional view of a reactor of an electrochemical water treatment apparatus using a carbon electrode.

FIG. 2 is a side view of an electrochemical unit cell mounted inside the reactor of FIG. 1.

3A is a perspective view showing the surface shape of the flat carbon electrode constituting the positive and negative electrode of the electrochemical unit cell.

FIG. 3B is an enlarged partial perspective view of portion 'A' of FIG. 3A.

4 is a water treatment process diagram of an electrochemical water treatment apparatus using the carbon electrode of the present invention.

<Description of main parts of drawing>

100: reactor

120: electrochemical unit cell

140: spherical media

160: inlet

180: outlet

170: DC power supply window

200: positive electrode carbon electrode

210: negative electrode carbon electrode

220: cation selective membrane

240: anion selective membrane

260 spacer

280: collector

Claims (6)

A pair of ion exchange membranes respectively formed on the spacers through which water flows, upper and lower portions of the spacers to selectively pass ions in the water, and positive and negative electrodes respectively formed on the outside of the pair of ion exchange membranes and adsorbing ions in the water; At least one electrochemical unit cell formed on an outer side of the pair of carbon electrodes and a pair of carbon electrodes to be used and including a pair of current collectors for directly applying an external direct current power source to the carbon electrode; Spherical media filled around the periphery of the electrochemical unit cell around the electrochemical unit cell; An inlet formed towards a spherical media; And At least one reactor having an outlet formed towards the electrochemical unit cell, Electrochemical water treatment apparatus using a carbon electrode, characterized in that the concave-convex structure having a depth of 0.1 to 0.7 mm, the width 1.0 to 4.0 mm 2 is formed on the surface facing the ion exchange membrane of the carbon electrode. delete The method of claim 1, The uneven surface of the carbon electrode surface is an electrochemical water treatment apparatus using a carbon electrode, characterized in that having a circular or rectangular shape. The method of claim 1, Electrochemical water treatment apparatus using a carbon electrode, characterized in that the diameter of the spherical media is 5 to 10 mm. The method of claim 4, wherein The media filled in the reactor is an electrochemical water treatment apparatus using a carbon electrode, characterized in that formed from a variety of materials except electrical conductors. The method of claim 1, The reactor is electrochemical water treatment apparatus using a carbon electrode, characterized in that having a cylindrical or square cylindrical shape.

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