KR20040056325A - Molten steel refining method of ruhrstahl hausen - Google Patents
Molten steel refining method of ruhrstahl hausen Download PDFInfo
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- KR20040056325A KR20040056325A KR1020020082928A KR20020082928A KR20040056325A KR 20040056325 A KR20040056325 A KR 20040056325A KR 1020020082928 A KR1020020082928 A KR 1020020082928A KR 20020082928 A KR20020082928 A KR 20020082928A KR 20040056325 A KR20040056325 A KR 20040056325A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
- C21C7/00—Treating molten ferrous alloys, e.g. steel, not covered by groups C21C1/00 - C21C5/00
- C21C7/04—Removing impurities by adding a treating agent
- C21C7/06—Deoxidising, e.g. killing
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
- C21C7/00—Treating molten ferrous alloys, e.g. steel, not covered by groups C21C1/00 - C21C5/00
- C21C7/0087—Treatment of slags covering the steel bath, e.g. for separating slag from the molten metal
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
- C21C7/00—Treating molten ferrous alloys, e.g. steel, not covered by groups C21C1/00 - C21C5/00
- C21C7/10—Handling in a vacuum
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
- F27D19/00—Arrangements of controlling devices
- F27D2019/0003—Monitoring the temperature or a characteristic of the charge and using it as a controlling value
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Abstract
Description
본 발명은 진공탈가스설비의 용강 정련방법에 관한 것으로서, 진공탈가스설비(RH:ruhrstahl hausen)에서의 용강 처리 중 채취된 래들 슬래그(Ladle Slag)의 형태 및 색상별로 슬래그 중 철산화물(T.Fe)과 같은 저급산화물의 양을 정량적으로 판단하여 RH공정에서의 슬래그 탈산작업시 복린을 막으면서 저급산화물의 량을 목표수준 까지 효과적으로 제어할 수 있도록 한 진공탈가스설비의 용강 정련방법에 관한 것이다.The present invention relates to a method for refining molten steel in a vacuum degassing facility, wherein iron oxides in slag (T. The present invention relates to a method for refining molten steel in a vacuum degassing facility that can quantitatively determine the amount of lower oxides such as Fe) to effectively control the amount of lower oxides to a target level while preventing double phosphorus during slag deoxidation in the RH process. .
일반적으로, 제강공정에서 발생하는 슬래그는 용강의 정련상 필수적인 요소이지만 슬래그의 화학적 성분이 적정하지 못할 경우 오히려 용강을 오염시키는데그 오염시키는 대표적인 성분이 슬래그 중의 T.Fe와 같은 저급산화물이다.In general, slag generated in the steelmaking process is an essential element in the refining of molten steel, but when the chemical composition of the slag is not proper, rather, it contaminates the molten steel. The representative component that contaminates the molten steel is a lower oxide such as T.Fe in the slag.
이러한 저급산화물을 제거하기 위해 일반적으로 제강의 전로 출강직후에 1차적으로 래들 슬래그 상부에 슬래그 탈산제(CaCO3-Al계, Al mini-pellet)를 투입하여 슬래그 중의 T.Fe(FeO)를 환원시켜 제거하며, 2차적으로 2차정련공정인 RH공정에서도 추가적인 슬래그 탈산작업을 실시하고 있다.(도1 참조)In order to remove such lower oxides, slag deoxidizer (CaCO 3 -Al based, Al mini-pellet) is first applied to the upper part of the ladle slag immediately after the converter is made of steelmaking to reduce T.Fe (FeO) in the slag. In addition, the slag deoxidation operation is also performed in the RH process, which is a secondary refining process (see FIG. 1).
상기의 탈산작업은 용강성분을 조정하기 위해 투입되는 알루미늄과 반응하여 용강 청정도를 저해시키는 알루미나를 하기 식 1과 같이 생성시키는 현상을 방지하기 위해 실시하는 것으로 용강이 아닌 용강상층부의 슬래그 층에 Al을 함유하고 있는 슬래그 탈산제를 투입하여 발생된 알루미나가 용강과 슬래그의 계면에 존재하지 않고 슬랙그 중에 존재하도록 하여 용강의 청정도를 향상시키는 조업 방법이다.(도 2참조)The deoxidation operation is carried out to prevent the phenomenon of producing alumina that inhibits molten steel cleanliness by reacting with aluminum introduced to adjust the molten steel component as shown in Equation 1 below. It is an operation method to improve the cleanliness of molten steel by injecting the slag deoxidizer contained therein so that alumina generated in the slag does not exist at the interface between molten steel and slag.
3(FeO) + 2Al => (Al2O3) + 3Fe -------(1)3 (FeO) + 2Al => (Al2O3) + 3Fe ------- (1)
최근에는 용강이 RH에 도착시 슬래그 샘플러를 이용하여 슬래그를 채취하고 그 채취된 슬래그이 성분을 채취, 분석하고 저급산화물의 함량을 확인하여 저급산화물 함량이 높은 경우 RH에서 2차로 슬래그 탈산제를 투입하고 있다.Recently, when the molten steel arrives at RH, slag is collected using a slag sampler, and the collected slag is collected and analyzed for its components, and the content of lower oxides is high. .
그러나 상기 샘플러의 채취가 불량하여 분석확인이 곤란할 시에는 저급산화물 함량이 확인이 되지 않은 상태에서 저급산화물을 환원시키는데 필요한 량 이상 과다하게 슬래그 탈산제를 투입하는 경우 투입되는 탈산제 중의 Al에 의해(P2O5)까지 환원되어 슬래그로부터 용강 중으로 인([P])이 pick up 되는 복린 현상이 일어나기 쉬어 인 성분 규격을 벗어나는 경우가 발생하고 있다.However, when the sampler is poorly collected and it is difficult to confirm the analysis, when slag deoxidizer is added in excess of the amount required to reduce the lower oxide in the state where the lower oxide content is not confirmed, it is caused by Al in the deoxidizer (P 2). O ( 2 ) is reduced to O 5 ) and the phosphorus ([P]) picks up from slag to molten steel.
3/5(P2O5) + 2Al => Al2O3 + [P] ------ (2)3/5 (P2O5) + 2Al => Al2O3 + [P] ------ (2)
최근 적용되고 있는 RH설비에 도착한 용강의 슬래그 샘플을 분석 후 2차 슬래그탈산 작업시 채취불량이 발생할(불량율 20%) 경우에는 슬래그 중 T.Fe실적 확인이 불가하여 추가적인 슬래그 탈산 작업 판단이 불가하며, 인위적인 판단으로 슬래그 탈산 작업시 조업편차에 의해 RH 공정에서의 저급산화물을 적정수준 이하로 제어하고 복린현상을 억제하기 힘든 문제점이 있다.After analyzing the slag sample of molten steel arriving at the recently applied RH facility, if the sampling defect occurs during the second slag deoxidation operation (defect rate of 20%), it is impossible to check the T.Fe performance among the slag, so it is not possible to judge further slag deoxidation operation. However, it is difficult to control the lower oxide in the RH process below an appropriate level and suppress the abdominal phenomena due to the operation deviation in the slag deoxidation operation by artificial judgment.
본 발명은 상기와 같은 문제점을 해결하기 위하여 발명한 것으로서, 그 목적은 RH처리 중 채취된 래들 슬래그의 형태 및 색깔에 따라 T.Fe수준을 판정하여 그 판정한 T.Fe(저급산화물)량에 따른 슬래그 탈산제 량을 적정하게 투입하여 용강의 청정성을 확보하고 인(P) 성분을 안정적으로 관리하여 용강의 품질을 향상시킬 수 있도록 한 진공탈가스설비의 용강 정련방법을 제공함에 있다.The present invention has been invented to solve the above problems, the object of which is to determine the T.Fe level according to the shape and color of the ladle slag collected during the RH treatment to determine the determined T.Fe (lower oxide) amount According to the present invention, a method for refining molten steel in a vacuum degassing facility to improve the quality of molten steel by appropriately injecting the amount of slag deoxidizer to secure cleanliness of molten steel and stably manages phosphorus (P) components.
도 1은 제강공정에서의 용강 정련방법을 나타낸 플로우,1 is a flow showing a molten steel refining method in a steelmaking process,
도 2는 슬래그 탈산작업시 슬래그와 용강의 반응을 설명하기 위한 개략도,Figure 2 is a schematic diagram for explaining the reaction of slag and molten steel during slag deoxidation work,
도 3은 본 발명에 따른 래들 슬래그 형태 및 색깔별 T.Fe 판정기준을 나타낸 개략도,Figure 3 is a schematic diagram showing the T.Fe determination criteria for the ladle slag form and color according to the present invention,
상기 목적을 달성하기 위한 본 발명의 특징적인 기술적 구성은, 탄소함량 0.03% 이하인 냉간 압연용 소재의 용강을 정련하기 위하여 진공탈가스설비에 도착한 래들의 용강 중 슬래그를 채취하고 그 채취된 슬래그의 색상을 판정한 후 그 판정된 색상에 따라 CaCO3-Al계 탈산제 및 Al mini-pellet 탈산제 중 어느 하나 또는 2가지 모두를 하기 표와 같이 투입하여 됨을 특징으로 하는 진공탈가스설비의 용강정련방법이다.Characteristic technical configuration of the present invention for achieving the above object is to collect the slag in the molten steel of the ladle arriving at the vacuum degassing facility to refine the molten steel of the cold rolling material having a carbon content of 0.03% or less and the color of the collected slag After the determination, according to the determined color, one or both of the CaCO 3 -Al-based deoxidizer and Al mini-pellet deoxidizer is added to the molten steel refining method of the vacuum degassing equipment, characterized in that the input.
상기와 같은 특징을 갖는 본 발명의 진공탈가스설비의 용강 정련방법을 더욱 상세하게 설명하면 다음과 같다.Referring to the molten steel refining method of the vacuum degassing equipment of the present invention having the above characteristics in more detail as follows.
본 발명은 제강의 2차정련공정인 RH에서 용강을 정련시에 실시하는 슬래그 탈산조업을 대상으로 하며, 대상 강종은 냉간압연용 소재인 [C]≤0.03%인 강종이고, 슬래그탈산을 위한 조재제는 상기 표와 같다.The present invention is for the slag deoxidation operation to be carried out during the refining of molten steel in the secondary refining process of steelmaking, the target steel is cold-rolled material [C] ≤0.03%, the crude material for slag The agent is shown in the above table.
상기 채취된 래들 슬래그의 형태 및 색깔에 따른 T.Fe 판단기준은 도에 나타낸 바와 같다. 또한, 판정 값을 이용한 RH 2차 슬래그탈산시의 투입량은 다음과 같은 가정하에 이론적인 투입량을 계산 할 수 있다.T.Fe judgment criteria according to the shape and color of the collected ladle slag is as shown in the figure. In addition, the input amount during the RH secondary slagtal acid using the determination value can be calculated based on the following assumptions.
(전제조건)(precondition)
- Ladle 슬래그량 : 3ton-Ladle slag amount: 3ton
- RH도착 T.Fe 함량 : 5%-TH content of RH: 5%
- T.Fe중 FeO의 양 : 90% T.Fe를 FeO로 환산시 0.9사용-Amount of FeO in T.Fe: 0.9 when converting 90% T.Fe into FeO
- CaCO3-Al계 탈산제중 metal.Al양 : 45%-Amount of metal.Al in CaCO3-Al type deoxidizer: 45%
- Al mini-pellet중 metal.Al양 : 97%-Metal.Al amount in Al mini-pellet: 97%
- 슬래그탈산제 실수율 : 50%-Realization rate of slag phthalate: 50%
- 2차 슬래그탈산후 목표 T.Fe : 2.0%-Secondary slag postnatal target T.Fe: 2.0%
(슬래그 탈산 반응식)(Slag deoxidation reaction)
- 3(FeO) + 2Al = 3Fe + (Al2O3)-3 (FeO) + 2Al = 3Fe + (Al2O3)
FeO와 반응하는 Al mol비는 215.5/54Al mol ratio reacted with FeO is 215.5 / 54
- Slag중의 FeO의 양 = Slag량 × T.Fe함량/100 × 0.9-Amount of FeO in slag = slag content x T.Fe content / 100 x 0.9
= 3ton × 5.0% /100 ×0.9 = 135kg= 3ton × 5.0% / 100 × 0.9 = 135kg
- 탈산후 잔류되는 FeO의 양 = Slag량 × T.Fe함량/100 × 0.9-Amount of FeO remaining after deoxidation = slag content × T.Fe content / 100 × 0.9
= 3ton × 2.0% /100 ×0.9 = 54kg= 3ton × 2.0% / 100 × 0.9 = 54kg
- 슬래그탈산시 제거될 FeO의 양 = 135 54 = 81kg-Amount of FeO to be removed during slagtal acid = 135 54 = 81 kg
- FeO를 제거하기 위해 필요한 Al양 = 81 × 54/215.5 = 20.3kg-Amount of Al needed to remove FeO = 81 × 54 / 215.5 = 20.3 kg
- 실수율 고려시 필요한 Al양 = 20.3kg/0.5 = 40.6kg-Al amount required in consideration of real rate = 20.3kg / 0.5 = 40.6kg
따라서,therefore,
Al실수율 고려시 필요한 CaCO3-Al계 탈산제양 = 40.6 / 0.45 = 90.2kgCaCO3-Al deoxidizer required in consideration of Al yield = 40.6 / 0.45 = 90.2kg
Al실수율 고려시 필요한 Al mini-pellet 탈산제양 = 40.6 / 0.97 = 39.6kgAl mini-pellet deoxidizer required when considering Al yield = 40.6 / 0.97 = 39.6kg
이와 같은 계산식에 의거하여 RH처리이후 복[P]를 감안하여, 채취된 래들 슬래그의 형태 및 색깔에 따른 T.Fe 판단기준에 따라 1.5% 미만재에 대해서는 CaCO3-Al계, Al mini-pellet 투입량을 미설정 하였으며, T.Fe값이 2∼6%에 대해서는 CaCO3-Al계만 25∼35kg 투입하고, T.Fe값이 4.1∼6%에 대해서는 CaCO3-Al계 40∼50kg, Al mini-pellet 15∼25kg 투입하고, T.Fe값이 6.1∼8%에 대해서는 CaCO3-Al계 70∼80kg, Al mini-pellet 30∼40kg 투입하였다.Based on the above formula, considering the suit [P] after RH treatment, CaCO 3 -Al based, Al mini-pellet for less than 1.5% of the material according to the T.Fe judgment criteria according to the shape and color of the ladle slag collected. inputs the US was set, T.Fe value is about 2-6% in CaCO 3 -Al gyeman 25~35kg, T.Fe and the value for 4.1~6% CaCO 3 -Al-based 40~50kg, Al mini 15-25 kg of -pellet was added, and 70-80 kg of CaCO 3 -Al system and 30-40 kg of Al mini-pellet were added at a T.Fe value of 6.1-8%.
제강공정에서 발생하는 슬래그는 용강의 정련상 필수적인 요소이지만, 슬래그의 화학적 성분이 적정하지 못할 경우 오히려 용강을 오염시키는데, 그 대표적인 성분이 슬래그 중의 FeO와 같은 저급산화물이다.Slag generated in the steelmaking process is an essential element in the refining of molten steel, but when the chemical composition of slag is inadequate, it contaminates the molten steel. The representative component is lower oxide such as FeO in slag.
이러한 저급산화물은 용강 탈산 물질은 Al 대비 화학적으로 불안정하기 때문에 Al과 반응하여 Al2O3와 같은 비금속 개재물을 형성하여 제강의 용강의 오염정도가 심각해지는 문제가 생긴다. 따라서, 본 발명에 부합되는 강종은 저급산화물의 영향이 크고 2차정련공정인 RH설비를 필수적으로 거치는 탄소함량이 0.03중량%이하인 냉간압연용 소재를 대상으로 하며 슬래그 탈산제로는 통상 CaCO3-Al계 탈산제와 Al mini-pellet를 사용하였다.Since the lower oxide is molten steel deoxidation material is chemically unstable compared with Al, the lower oxide reacts with Al to form non-metallic inclusions such as Al 2 O 3 , resulting in a serious contamination of molten steel in steelmaking. Thus, the steel grade which is consistent with the present invention is intended for a large influence of the low-grade oxide secondary refining process, the RH equipment to essentially of carbon content is 0.03 wt% or less for the cold-rolled material, and typically undergoes CaCO 3 in the slag is deoxidizer -Al Deoxidizer and Al mini-pellet were used.
상기 래들 슬래그의 형태 및 색깔에 따른 T.Fe 판단기준 및 T.Fe값에 따른 슬래그 탈산제 투입량을 하기 표 1과 같이 하여 슬래그 탈산법을 실시할 경우, CaCO3-Al계 슬래그 탈산제를 사용할 때는 하기 3. 4 반응으로 설명되며, Al mini-pellet을 사용할 경우 4의 반응으로 설명될 수 있다.When the slag deoxidizer input amount according to the T.Fe judgment criteria and T.Fe value according to the shape and color of the ladle slag is carried out as shown in Table 1 below, when using the CaCO 3 -Al slag deoxidizer 3. Described as 4 reactions, can be described as 4 reactions when using Al mini-pellet.
CaCO3= Ca0 + CO2(반응온도 900℃, Boiling action)......3CaCO 3 = Ca0 + CO 2 (reaction temperature 900 ℃, Boiling action) ...... 3
3(FeO) + 2Al = (Al2O3) + 3Fe...............43 (FeO) + 2Al = (Al 2 O 3 ) + 3Fe ......... 4
본 발명에 사용된 슬래그 탈산제의 조성은 하기 표2에 나타내었으며, 슬래그 탈산제의 투입은 슬래그탈산제 자동투입기를 이용하여 RH출발시점에 래들 슬래그상부에 자동투입을 실시하고 있다.The composition of the slag deoxidizer used in the present invention is shown in Table 2 below, and the slag deoxidizer is added to the slag slag at the starting point of RH using the slag deoxidizer automatic input device.
슬래그 탈산 작업후의 슬래그 중 FeO + MnO 저감량은 RH 출발 직전시 분석한 슬래그 분석치로서 확인할 수 있었으며, 본 발명의 새로운 슬래그 탈산법의 적용으로 글래그중 T.Fe(철산화물) 함량 및 편차가 감소하였고, 정련공정에서의 [P]성분의 규격대비 성분 이상율도 현저히 감소시켰다.The amount of FeO + MnO reduction in slag after slag deoxidation was confirmed as the slag analysis value analyzed immediately before the RH department. In addition, the component abnormality ratio of the [P] component in the refining process was significantly reduced.
이상과 같은 본 발명은 전로 정련 후의 2차정련공정(RH)에서 본 발명에 따라 설정된 기준으로 슬래그 탈산 작업을 실시 한 결과, 탈산 작업 후 슬래그 중 T.Fe(철산화물) 함량 및 편차가 감소하였으며, 과잉탈산에 의한 복린현상도 표1의 기준에 의한 조업 실시로 슬래그중 (P2O5)까지 환원되는 현상을 감소시켜 정련공정에서의 [P]성분의 규격대비 성분이상율도 현저히 감소시키는 효과를 얻었다.In the present invention as described above, as a result of performing slag deoxidation on the basis of the present invention in the secondary refining process (RH) after the converter refining, the content and deviation of T.Fe (iron oxide) in the slag after deoxidation was reduced. , Phosphorus Phenomenon Due to Excessive Deoxidation Reduces Phenomenon Reduction to (P 2 O 5 ) in Slag by Operating Based on Table 1 Got.
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