KR20030063487A - Method, device and program for monitoring operating condition of blast furnace - Google Patents

Abstract

In the operation state monitoring method of the blast furnace according to the present invention, the three-dimensional or two-dimensional plane consisting of the measurement data of the state quantity measured by the various sensors installed in the blast furnace reflecting the installation position of each sensor, or three-dimensional It arrange | positions on a three-dimensional plane, shows the distribution state and dynamic change of state quantity in the form of a figure or characteristic information of a figure, and monitors the operation state of a blast furnace by evaluating these. Compute at least one spatial or temporal gradient among the potential amount of pressure and temperature, calculate the norm or declination of the vector having the calculated gradient as one component, and form the equivalent line of the norm or declination The contour figure to be determined by the upper limit management value and the lower limit management value previously specified among the contour figures is estimated as a position corresponding to the vicinity of the fusion zone.

Description

METHOD, DEVICE AND PROGRAM FOR MONITORING OPERATING CONDITION OF BLAST FURNACE}

Conventional examples of the blast furnace operation state monitoring and abnormal state prediction methods include Japanese Patent Laid-Open Nos. Hei 5-156328, Hei 11-140520, and the like. All of these monitoring and forecasting methods collect measurement data from multiple sensors and compare them with preset settings or limits by simple physical models without reflecting information about the installation location of the various sensors on the blast furnace. By monitoring the operation status and predicting abnormal operation.

However, the blast furnace process to which the present invention is concerned is an object to be treated as a process of a distributed water purification system having dynamic characteristics. Therefore, the measurement data of a plurality of sensors distributed in various locations on the blast furnace installation should not be collected and evaluated independently of each other, but should be collected and evaluated in relation to the installation location on the blast furnace installation where the sensor is installed. .

In the conventional method, the installation position of each sensor is not collected and evaluated in association with the measurement data, and as a result, there has been a problem that monitoring and predicting accuracy of the blast furnace operation state is low.

This invention is made | formed in view of the above situation, Comprising: It solves the said problem and, thereby, estimates and visualizes the position of the fusion | melting zone vicinity of a blast furnace for the purpose of monitoring operation condition of a blast furnace, and predicting operation abnormality.

The present invention relates to a blast furnace operating state monitoring method, apparatus and program capable of monitoring the blast furnace operating state and predicting blast furnace operation abnormality by continuously estimating and visualizing the fusion zone near the blast furnace in operation.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS It is a block diagram of the operation monitoring apparatus of the blast furnace concerning 1st this invention.

It is a block diagram of the operation monitoring apparatus of the blast furnace concerning 2nd this invention.

3 is a diagram showing an outline figure formed by equivalent lines.

4 is an explanatory diagram of an equivalent line search method.

5 is an explanatory diagram of a method for calculating a spatial gradient of temperature data.

6-9 is explanatory drawing of the process from stable operation to abnormal operation.

10 is an explanatory diagram of an operation prediction method.

It is explanatory drawing of the calculation method of the spatial gradient of pressure data.

12 is an explanatory diagram illustrating a relationship between pressure and a spatial gradient vector of pressure.

It is explanatory drawing of the calculation method of the temporal gradient of temperature data.

14 is an explanatory diagram of a method of calculating a temporal gradient of a spatial gradient of temperature data.

It is explanatory drawing of the fusion | melting zone root part.

Fig. 16 is a diagram showing the position corresponding to the vicinity of the fusion zone based on the equivalent line of the spatial gradient vector norm of the pressure data.

Fig. 17 is a diagram showing the position corresponding to the vicinity of the fusion zone based on the equivalent line of the spatial gradient vector declination of the pressure data.

18 is a diagram showing a position corresponding to the vicinity of the fusion zone based on the equivalent line of the temporal gradient of the temperature data.

19 is a diagram showing a position corresponding to the vicinity of the fusion zone.

In the operation state monitoring method of blast furnace according to the present invention, the measurement data of the measurement target amount received from the various sensors installed in the blast furnace is configured by successively forming a two-dimensional plane or a two-dimensional plane to reflect the mounting position of each sensor In the method of arranging in three-dimensional solid-state and showing the distribution state and dynamic change of each measurement data in the form of the figure or characteristic information of the figure which they form, and evaluating these,

A coordinate axis representing an arbitrary point on a two-dimensional plane or a three-dimensional solid is set in advance, and a spatial gradient (spatial change rate, spatial change amount) in the direction of each coordinate axis is calculated for the pressure data, which is a potential amount, and the calculated spatial gradient Calculates the declination of the vector with respect to the height direction of the furnace or the spatial gradient vector having as a component, and advances the contour figure formed by the equivalent lines on the two-dimensional plane or three-dimensional solid. It is characterized by estimating the contour figure to be determined by the upper limit management value and the lower limit management value specified in Fig. 2 as a position corresponding to the vicinity of the fusion zone.

The operation condition monitoring method of the blast furnace according to another aspect of the present invention is characterized by visualizing the position corresponding to the fusion zone near the fusion zone estimated by the spatial gradient vector of the pressure data in the form of a figure on a two-dimensional plane or a three-dimensional solid.

The operation condition monitoring method of the blast furnace according to the present invention is a three-dimensional structure consisting of a two-dimensional plane or a two-dimensional plane which is subsequently connected to each other so that the measurement data of the measurement target amount received from various sensors installed in the blast furnace reflects the installation position of each sensor. In the method of arranging on a three-dimensional surface, the distribution state and the temporal change of each measurement data are represented by the figure or the characteristic information form of the figure which they form, and these are evaluated, and the operation state of a blast furnace is monitored,

A coordinate axis representing an arbitrary point on a two-dimensional plane or a three-dimensional solid is set in advance, and a temporal gradient (temporal change rate, temporal change amount) is calculated for the temperature, which is the potential amount, and the surface of the two-dimensional plane or the three-dimensional solid It is characterized by estimating the contour figure which will be determined by the upper limit management value and the lower limit management value previously prescribed | regulated from the contour figure formed by the equivalent line on a fusion | melting zone vicinity position.

Another operation state monitoring method of the blast furnace is characterized by visualizing the position corresponding to the fusion zone vicinity estimated by the temporal gradient of the temperature data in the form of a figure on the surface of the two-dimensional plane or three-dimensional solid. .

The operation condition monitoring method of the blast furnace according to the present invention includes both the information indicating the fusion zone near-equivalent position estimated by the spatial gradient vector of the pressure data and the information indicating the fusion zone near-equivalent position estimated by the temporal gradient of the temperature data. It is characterized by estimating the position corresponding to the fusion zone near using.

Moreover, the operation condition monitoring method of the blast furnace of this invention measures each fusion | melting zone near-position position information estimated by the spatial gradient vector of pressure data, and the fusion zone near-field equivalent position information estimated by the temporal gradient of temperature data, respectively. It is characterized by continuously estimating the position near the fusion zone by updating according to the time course of the data.

Moreover, the operation state monitoring method of the blast furnace of this invention is a form of the figure which continuously updates the fusion | melting zone vicinity position position information continuously estimated corresponding to the temporal trend of each measurement data on a two-dimensional plane or three-dimensional solid. It is characterized by continuously visualizing.

EMBODIMENT OF THE INVENTION Hereinafter, with reference to an accompanying drawing, the Example of the blast furnace operation monitoring method which concerns on this invention is described.

1 is a block diagram showing the configuration of a blast furnace operation monitoring apparatus according to the first aspect of the present invention. As shown, the temperature of a stave, the hearth wall temperature, and Many sensors for measuring shaft pressure are provided.

FIG. 1 shows a case where a plurality of stave temperature sensors, a roadbed temperature sensor, and an axial pressure sensor are installed at equal intervals on an outer surface of a blast furnace installation. The arrangement of these sensors on the blast furnace installation may be an uneven interval. .

Hereinafter, an embodiment of the present invention will be described according to the configuration of the operation monitoring device shown in FIG. 1.

<1. Blast furnace equipment> and <2. Various sensors installed in the blast furnace equipment>

The physical quantities such as temperature, pressure, flow rate, particle size, density and composition are measured by various sensors 2 on the blast furnace installation 1. Hereinafter, the sensor which measures temperature and pressure is demonstrated with the case where many are arrange | positioned on the blast furnace outer side surface as shown in FIG.

First, the temperature data will be described by way of example. As described later, the same processing can be performed on the pressure data.

Therefore, the installation position of each of the temperature sensors arranged around the outer surface is three-dimensional space coordinates (x (i), y (i), z (i), where i = 1, 2, 3, ..., Known as N (N: number of temperature sensors).

<3. Data Acquisition Device>

In the data collection device 3, measurement data output from various temperature sensors arranged on the blast furnace installation is sampled and collected in a preset sampling period Δt. The sampling period [Delta] t can be arbitrarily set at a time interval of several milliseconds or more corresponding to the processing capacity of the data collection device 3, the processing capacity of the data processing device 4, and the time intervals required for the operation monitoring and the operation prediction. The temperature data collected by the data collection device 3 is transmitted to the data processing device 4 in real time.

The method and form of data transfer from the data collection device 3 to the data processing device 4 are not particularly limited, but the following methods can be applied.

-Transmit the data as an analog voltage or analog current signal.

The data is converted into a digital signal by the data acquisition device 3 and transmitted.

The data is converted into a digital signal in the data collection device 3 and then compressed, transmitted to the data processing device 4 in a compressed state, and restored in the data processing device 4.

Digital signals or compressed digital signals are transmitted from the data collection device 3 to the data processing device 4 installed at a remote location via a LAN or the Internet.

<4. Data Processing Unit>

<5. Equivalent Line Calculator

The equivalent line calculator 5 has a two-dimensional plane or a two-dimensional plane on which the temperature data input from the data collection device 3 reflects the installation position information of each sensor on the blast furnace installation. By arranging, arbitrary equivalent lines whose temperature data are the same value are calculated, and the figure formed by these equivalent lines is produced | generated.

Hereinafter, an example of the equivalent line calculation method employ | adopted by the equivalent line calculation part 5 is demonstrated. 3 is an example of a contour figure defined by the equivalent line on the two-dimensional plane, which defines the two-dimensional plane in the equivalent line calculation unit 5 holding the r axis along the furnace circumferential direction and the h axis along the furnace height direction. It is shown. In Fig. 3, the mark indicates various temperature sensor installation positions arranged around the outer surface of the blast furnace, and coordinate-transformed three-dimensional space coordinates (x (i), y (i), z (i)). will be.

The coordinate transformation in FIG. 3 is such as calculating a projection on a two-dimensional plane with, for example, the furnace height, the roadbed height, the tuyeres diameter, the roadbed diameter, the furnace bottom diameter, the axial angle, the bosh angle, and the like. The geometric method was used.

The two-dimensional plane defined in the present invention is not limited to the square plane as shown in FIG. 3, and may be defined as a partial fan plane according to the axial angle and the Bosch angle.

In addition, although FIG. 3 uses a two-dimensional plane shown by holding the r axis in the circumferential direction of the blast furnace and the h axis in the furnace height direction for ease of explanation, the temperature sensors are attached to their three-dimensional space by attaching the two-dimensional plane. It can also be comprised by the three-dimensional solid body arrange | positioned and comprised on three-dimensional space according to the coordinate.

When measurement data from each temperature sensor is displayed at a position corresponding to a point indicated by a mark in the two-dimensional plane of FIG. 3, the distribution state of the temperature data at a predetermined time t can be expressed. At this time, in the equivalent line search method described later, each of the display points is not necessarily arranged at equal intervals but may be inequality intervals.

In searching for an equivalent line, the temperature data in the space between each display point is spatially compensated based on the temperature displayed at each display point. Here, the equivalent line is obtained by successively obtaining the points representing the same value among the spatially distributed temperature data.

One way to ensure equivalence search for spatially unevenly distributed temperature data is to use a triangular element formed by successive temperature sensor installation points. There is a problem that the number of degrees of freedom of the combination is enormous. Moreover, when the number of measuring points is relatively small compared with space, there also arises a problem that the shape of the equivalent line obtained differs depending on the selection of a triangular element.

In view of this, a method of reducing the number of degrees of freedom of element selection to facilitate selection and at the same time reducing the error of the shape of the equivalent line according to the element selection, is called the average of the vertices of the four vertices of the square element. As an example of "the equivalence search method using the triangular element used as a common vertex."

This method will be described with reference to FIG. 4. For all of the display points, which are the temperature sensor installation positions on the two-dimensional plane of FIG. 3, each of the various cabinets is associated with each point in advance before constructing the rectangular elements not exceeding 180 degrees. The element selection conditions for the rectangular elements reduce the number of degrees of freedom of element selection, thereby facilitating element selection. In the case of the installation, therefore, the sensor position coordinates are already known, and therefore, the points may be associated with each other only once, or may be automatically associated with an automatic search algorithm as a matter of organization.

4 shows that the temperature sensor measurement data at four points (p1, p2, p3, p4) at which one of the cabinets is the vertex of any rectangular element that does not exceed 180 degrees, respectively, T1, T2, T3 and T4. It shows an example. The temperature of the intersection point pm shown by (circle) in FIG. 4 which is the diagonal intersection of a rectangular element is represented by Tm. The temperature Tm is an average value calculated from T1, T2, T3, and T4, which is defined as an arithmetic mean by way of example.

Tm = (T1 + T2 + T3 + T4) ÷ 4 ... (1)

Next, four triangular elements having common vertices at the intersections of this diagonal line are defined inside the rectangular element, and the temperature data of the defined side of each triangular element is obtained by compensating the temperature data at the vertices at both ends of the side. . Any suitable method such as linear interpolation can be used as the temperature data compensation method.

Here, when the value of the equivalent line to be searched is T, the following relation is maintained between the temperature data at four vertices of the rectangular element and T.

T1 <T <T4 ... (2)

T1 <T <T2 ... (3)

In the example of FIG. 4, depending on the condition of equation (2), T exists on a straight line connecting the point p1 and the point p4, and on the straight line connecting the point p1 and the intersection point pm and the intersection point pm ) And on the straight line connecting point (p4).

From here,

Assuming T1 <T <Tm ... (4),

There is a temperature data point of T on a straight line connecting point p1 with the intersection point pm. The points of these temperature data T are indicated by Δ marks.

Similarly, according to the condition of equation (3), T exists as a compensated temperature data point on a straight line connecting point p1 and point p2. This temperature data point is represented by a triangle. When the points of the temperature T obtained as described above are connected in a straight line, the equivalent line of the temperature T can be found in the rectangular element of interest.

In addition, the following equation may be considered instead of the above equation (4).

Tm <T <T4 ... (5)

At this time,

If T2 <T <T3 ... (6)

The temperature data points at this time are indicated by a □ mark, and the equivalent lines connecting these points in a straight line are shown as broken lines.

By repeating the above process to all the rectangular elements in the space, the search and illustration of the equivalent lines in the space are completed. As illustrated in FIG. 3, the temperature data forms a specific figure in the two-dimensional plane by the equivalent lines thus obtained. In particular, the equivalent lines forming the closed curve form a figure that distinguishes them from the others. In FIG. 3, the equivalent line of predetermined temperature T is shown by the solid line, and the outline figure enclosed by the closed curve is shown by a hatching line. The dashed line is the equivalent of the other temperature.

As described above, for data distributed in a spatially uneven positional relationship, one of the cabinets selects a rectangular element whose angle does not exceed 180 degrees, and averages the data of four vertices at the intersections of the diagonal lines. Setting and using a triangular element with a common vertex at this intersection to search for an equivalent line, the technique of using a triangular element with a triangular element with the average of each vertex of the rectangular element as a common vertex. Compared to a method of searching for an equivalent line, the number of degrees of freedom of element selection can be reduced, thereby facilitating element selection, and an effective method of reducing the search error of the equivalent line according to any element selection. Since we use a triangular element in the final phase of the search, there is no possibility that the equivalence line will be crossed or intersect with other equivalent lines during the search.

The present search method is not limited to being applied to a two-dimensional plane, and is a method that can be effectively applied to a rectangular planar element on a three-dimensional solid surface formed by attaching a two-dimensional plane.

In the present invention, it is not necessary to limit the search method of the equivalent line to any specific method, and the equivalent line may be shown using another method or a triangular element on the two-dimensional plane or the three-dimensional solid surface.

As described above, in the equivalent line calculation unit 5, the two-dimensional or rectangular planar element formed by reflecting the temperature data input from the data collection device 3 so that the installation position information of each sensor on the blast furnace installation is reflected. It can be arranged in a three-dimensional space consisting of can represent the equivalent line.

Moreover, temperature data can also be calculated about arbitrary points on a two-dimensional plane or a three-dimensional solid surface.

5 is a diagram defining a two-dimensional plane by holding the r axis in the furnace circumferential direction of the blast furnace and the h axis in the furnace height direction, and spatially from the equivalent line of the temperature at time t calculated by the equivalent line calculator 5. The temperature T (i, j, k) for each pixel unit on the screen obtained by compensation is shown. Here, i = 1, 2, 3, ..., Nr (Nr is the number of pixels in the circumferential direction of the furnace), and j = 1, 2, 3, ..., Nh (Nh is the pixel in the height direction of the furnace. Number), k = 0, 1, 2, ... (k is a discretization time), Δh is the pixel length in the height direction of the furnace, and Δr is the pixel length in the circumferential direction of the furnace.

<6. Figure feature information calculation unit>

The figure characteristic information calculating section 6 performs image processing on the figure calculated by the equivalent line calculating section 5, and the figure and the feature information of the figure, that is, the number, area, center, aspect ratio of the figure and the figure within the figure. Calculate the maximum or minimum, mean, and variance.

<7. Operation monitoring department>

The operation monitoring unit 7 enables the operation of the blast furnace by comparing the figure and the feature information of the figure calculated by the figure feature information calculating unit 6 with previously set figures and the feature information of the figure.

6 to 9 will be described taking the temperature data as an example for the operation monitoring method of the blast furnace.

6 to 9 are diagrams showing how the figure feature information calculation result obtained by processing the image in the figure feature information calculation unit 6 changes with time. Inner equivalent lines indicate higher temperatures.

6 to 9, each figure formed by an equivalent line of a predetermined temperature is calculated by image processing, and the figure is enclosed in a line and displayed as a mark.

FIG. 6 shows a state in which the figure formed by the equivalent line of the temperature of the stave which is high temperature when the operation of the blast furnace is stable is widely distributed over the entire circumference of the furnace.

FIG. 7 shows, at some point along the furnace circumference, a figure formed by a temperature equivalent line of a hot stave due to disturbance in operation, with some time elapsed from the state of FIG. 6. The state expanding to the height direction of a furnace is shown.

FIG. 8 is further enlarged again at points where the area of the figure formed by the temperature equivalent line of the hot stave is further along the circumference of the furnace, in a state further elapsed from the state of FIG. 6. It extends upward along the height direction of an installation, and has shown the state reaching the center position.

FIG. 9 shows that in a state in which time has elapsed even more from the state of FIG. 8, most of the figures formed by the predetermined temperature equivalent line fall into the upper part of the blast furnace installation and the remaining figures are in the furnace circumferential direction at an intermediate position in the height direction of the furnace. It shows the state which exists densely in the position of about three quarters of the path | route following, and shows the abnormal operation state which does not return to the operation stable state shown in FIG.

8 and 9 show a phenomenon called so-called blowout and operation abnormalities in which the figure formed by the temperature equivalent line of the hot stave is falling into the blast furnace installation.

That is, in the operation monitoring unit 7, the operation can be monitored by comparing the figure and the feature information of the figure calculated by the figure feature information calculating unit 6 with the figure and the feature information of the figure set in advance. .

8. Figure feature information trend calculation unit

The figure characteristic information trend calculating section 8 calculates the temporal trend of the figure and the feature information of the figure calculated by the figure characteristic information calculating section 6.

<9. Operational Forecasting Department>

The operation predicting unit 9 compares the temporal trend of the figure and the feature information of the figure calculated by the figure feature information trend calculating unit 8 with a preset temporal transition condition of the figure and the feature information of the figure. Predict.

An operation prediction method using temperature data will be described with reference to FIG. 10.

FIG. 10 shows a process in which the center position of the figure formed by the predetermined temperature equivalent line shown in FIGS. 6 to 9 is changed during the process shown in FIGS. 6 to 9, where the vertical axis represents the center position and the horizontal axis represents time. Indicates.

The operation predicting unit 9 sets an upper limit management value of the center position in advance in order to predict the operation state. In the operation stable state as shown in FIG. 6, the value of the center position G (t) of the target figure is smaller than the preset upper limit management value Gu. From the center position G (t) and the time change rate dG (t), the operating state after a predetermined time Δt, that is, the center position G (t + Δt) after Δt is predicted as follows.

G (t + Δt) = G (t) + dG (t) · Δt ... (7)

Where G (t + At) <Gu ... (8),

It is expected that a stable operating state will continue even after Δt.

On the other hand, in the operation variation state as shown in FIG. 7, the value of the center position G (t) of the target figure is smaller than the upper limit management value Gu previously set, but the operation state after predetermined time (DELTA) t, ie, the center position G (after Δt) t + Δt) is predicted according to equation (7),

If G (t + Δt)> Gu ... (9),

In the operating state after Δt, it can be predicted that an operating abnormality such as blowout will occur.

FIG. 10 can predict operation abnormality based on characteristic information of a figure formed by a predetermined temperature equivalent line, that is, the value of the center position G (t) of the figure obtained by image processing and its rate of change dG (t). Although not only the center position but also the method of evaluating the characteristic information of the figure obtained in image processing or its rate of change of time, a method of evaluating some feature information of the figure in combination, a method of setting not only an upper limit management value but also a lower limit management value, an upper limit Other methods, such as a method of evaluating a management value and a lower limit management value, and a method of combining and evaluating different graphic characteristic information items such as the sum, maximum, minimum, average, or variance of a vector or a vector component in a target figure region. Can also be used effectively.

10. Logger

The recording unit 10 records the calculation result of the figure characteristic information trend calculating unit 8 in a file such as a text format to construct a database. When recording trends of figures and figure feature information, it is also possible to record the calculation results in a moving image file such as an AVI (Audio-Video Interleaved) format. In this case, in carrying out the blast furnace operation monitoring method of the present invention, it is possible to efficiently record and database by removing excessive moving image information using various data compression methods as necessary. In the present invention, such a data compression method need not be limited to a specific method.

Information recorded in the recording unit 10 may be stored as a file to evaluate the operation state of the blast furnace offline.

In the present invention, there is no need to limit the transmission method and the form of transmitting the calculation result of the figure characteristic information trend calculation section 8 to the recording section 10, so that the calculation result of the figure feature information trend calculation section 8 is not limited. The digital signal may be digitalized and the digital signal may be transmitted to the recording unit 10. In addition, data can be compressed before transmission to reduce the transmission amount, or a LAN or the Internet can be used as a transmission medium.

<11. Output part>

The output unit 11 outputs the figure of the figure and the feature information of the figure, the operation monitoring result, and the operation prediction result on the monitor screen.

In the present invention, there is no need to limit the transmission method and the form for transmitting the calculation result of the figure characteristic information trend calculation section 8 to the output section 11, and therefore, the calculation result in the figure feature information trend calculation section 8. May be digitalized and the digital signal may be transmitted to the output unit 11. In addition, data can be compressed before transmission to reduce the transmission amount, or a LAN or the Internet can be used as a transmission medium.

2 is a diagram showing the configuration of the operation monitoring apparatus according to the second invention of the present invention, and is substantially the same as the operation state monitoring apparatus according to the first invention except for the following.

A gradient calculation unit 12 is provided at the rear end of the equivalent line calculation unit 5.

Instead of the figure feature information calculating section 6, a figure not only calculating figure feature information based on the output of the equivalent line calculating section 5, but also calculating vector feature information based on the output of the gradient calculating section 12; And a vector feature information calculating unit 13 is provided.

Instead of the figure feature information trend calculating section 8, a figure and vector feature information trend calculation that calculates not only the trend of the figure feature information but also the trend of the vector feature information based on the output of the figure and the vector feature information calculation section 13; The unit 14 is installed.

In the following, only the characteristic elements of the operation monitoring device according to the second invention will be described.

<12. Gradient calculator>

The gradient calculation unit 12 is a spatial gradient (spatial rate of change, spatial) of the measurement data of any point on the two-dimensional plane or the three-dimensional solid surface formed by pasting the two-dimensional planes calculated by the equivalent line calculation unit 5. Change amount), temporal gradient (time change rate, temporal change amount), or spatial gradient temporal gradient (time change rate of spatial change rate, temporal change amount of spatial change amount).

First, the calculation method of the spatial gradient of pressure data is demonstrated.

The processing performed on the temperature in the equivalent line calculator 5 can also be applied to the pressure data. That is, the equivalent line calculating section 5, consisting of a two-dimensional plane or a rectangular planar element formed by reflecting the installation position information of each sensor on the blast furnace facility, the pressure data output from the data collection device 3 is reflected It can be placed in dimensional space to show equivalent lines.

Moreover, the pressure data at arbitrary points on the two-dimensional plane or any point on the three-dimensional solid surface formed by attaching the two-dimensional plane can also be calculated.

FIG. 11 shows a diagram defining a two-dimensional plane in which the r axis is held in the furnace circumferential direction of the blast furnace and the h axis is held in the height direction of the furnace. The equivalent line of the pressure data at time t calculated by the equivalent line calculation unit 5 Shows the pressures P (j, j, k) for each pixel unit on the screen obtained by spatially compensating the pressure data. Where i = 1, 2, 3, ..., Nr (Nr is the number of pixels in the furnace circumferential direction), and j = 1, 2, 3, ..., Nh (Nh is the number of pixels in the height direction of the furnace. K = 0, 1, 2, ... (k is a discrete time of time t), Δh is the length of the pixel in the height direction of the furnace, and Δr is the length of the pixel in the circumferential direction of the furnace. .

In Fig. 11, the spatial gradient ΔP _h (i, j, k) in the furnace height direction of the pressure P (i, j, k) at the pixel position i, j at the time k is in the height direction of the furnace. The pressure difference is divided by the pixel length in the height direction of the furnace. In other words,

ΔP _h (i, j, k) = {P (i, j + 1, k)-P (i, j, k)} ÷ Δh ... (10)

Similarly, the spatial gradient ΔP _r (i, j, k) in the furnace circumferential direction of the pressures P (i, j, k) is obtained by dividing the pressure difference in the furnace circumferential direction by the pixel length in the furnace circumferential direction. In other words,

ΔP _r (i, j, k) = {P (i, j + 1, k)-P (i, j, k)} ÷ Δr ... (11)

At this time, the spatial gradient of pressure on the boundary line of the two-dimensional plane is calculated in such a manner that the continuity of the spatial gradient is maintained in the circumferential direction of the furnace.

On the other hand, in the height direction of the furnace, a gradient is set based on physical boundary conditions.

For example, in the case of the pressure data illustrated in FIG. 11, the gradients on the top boundary line and the bottom boundary line representing the top position and the tuyeres position of the furnace, respectively, are extrapolated from the furnace height direction gradient of blast furnace pressure near its corresponding boundary line. Estimated by law and set.

In addition, although equations (10) and (11) are each represented in the form of a first order differential equation based on the Taylor expansion equation, other difference equations such as the central difference equation shown below may also be used.

ΔP _h (i, j, k) = {P (i, j + 1, k)-P (i, j-1, k)} ÷ (2Δh) ... (12)

ΔP _r (i, j, k) = {P (i, j + 1, k)-P (i, j-1, k)} ÷ (2Δr) ... (13)

12 is a spatial gradient vector of potential amount, that is, pressure P (i, j, k), which is a scalar amount, and pressure, which is a vector amount It represents the relationship with.

Where the spatial gradient vector of pressure Is the spatial gradient ∂P _r (i, j, k) of the pressure in the furnace circumferential direction and the spatial gradient ∂P _h (i, j, k) of the pressure in the furnace height direction, as shown by equation (14) below. It is defined as a vector whose component is.

… (14)

At this time, the spatial gradient vector of pressure The norm, or magnitude of, is

... (15)

Moreover, the pressure change rate vector when making clockwise centering around the axis | shaft (h-axis) of a furnace height direction is positive. The declination of is as follows.

here, ... (16)

In addition, equations (14) to (16) are spatial gradient vectors of pressures developed in the two-dimensional plane in the furnace circumferential direction i and the furnace height direction j, as shown in FIG. Although these examples are formulated, the same formulating method and the blast furnace operation monitoring method of the present invention can be applied to a spatial gradient vector of pressure in a three-dimensional space developed on a three-dimensional solid surface composed of two-dimensional planar elements. .

Next, the calculation method of the spatial gradient of the temperature data in the gradient calculation part 12 is demonstrated.

In Fig. 5, in order to calculate the spatial gradient ΔTh (i, j, k) in the furnace height direction of the temperature T (i, j, k) at the time k and the pixel position (i, j), the following equation (17) As shown in Fig. 2), the temperature difference in the furnace height direction is divided by the length in the furnace height direction of the pixel.

ΔT _h (i, j, k) = [T (i, j + 1, k)-T (i, j, k)} ÷ Δh ... (17)

Similarly, in order to calculate the spatial gradient ΔT _r (i, j, k) in the furnace circumferential direction of the temperature T (i, j, k), as shown in equation (18) below, the temperature difference in the furnace circumferential direction is determined. The pixel is divided by the length in the furnace circumferential direction.

ΔT _r (i, j, k) = [T (i, j + 1, k)-T (i, j, k)} ÷ Δr ... (18)

In this case, in the furnace circumferential direction, the spatial gradient of temperature is calculated so that the continuity of the spatial gradient of temperature on the boundary line of the two-dimensional plane is maintained. On the other hand, in the furnace height direction, a spatial gradient of temperature is set based on physical boundary conditions.

For example, in the case of the temperature shown in FIG. 5, on the boundary line where the adiabatic condition can be assumed, the spatial gradient of temperature is set to zero.

Equations (17) and (18) are each expressed in the form of a first order differential equation based on Taylor expansion, but other differential equations, such as the same central difference equation shown in conventional equations (19) and (20). You can also use

ΔT _h (i, j, k) = [T (i, j + 1, k)-T (i, j-1, k)] ÷ (2Δh) ... (19)

ΔT _r (i, j, k) = [T (i, j + 1, k)-T (i, j-1, k)] ÷ (2Δr) ... (20)

Next, the calculation method of the temporal gradient of the temperature data in the gradient calculation part 6 is demonstrated.

FIG. 13 shows the time course of the temperature data at the pixel position (i, j), which discretizes the time t, and the time t and the temperature T (i, j, k) at the pixel position (i, j). To calculate the temporal gradient (temporal change rate of temperature and temporal change of temperature) ΔT _t (i, j, k), as shown in Equation (21) below, after subtracting the temporal change reference amount from the current temperature data Divide by reference time (m × Δt).

… (21)

Here, n and m are setting parameters, n denotes the number of time change reference evaluation data, and m denotes the number of reference times of the temporal gradient. Δt is a sampling period. On the other hand, ω (i, j, k-m × l) is a weighting factor that considers the influence of past temperature data when calculating the time change reference amount, and can be arbitrarily set.

In the following, an example of use of the above setting parameters will be described.

For example, if n = 1, m = 1, and ω (i, j, k-1 × 1) = 1, equation (21) becomes equal to equation (22), and current temperature data and Δt time. The temporal gradient between previous temperature data can be calculated.

ΔT _r (i, j, k) = {T (i, j + 1, k)-T (i, j, k-1)} ÷ Δt ... (22)

For example, when ω (i, j, km × 1) = 1 (= constant), the time change reference amount calculated in claim 2 in the square bracket on the right side of Equation (21) is a time interval (n × m It becomes an arithmetic mean value of the temperature data in x (DELTA) t), and, therefore, it is possible to calculate the temporal gradient between the current temperature data and the arithmetic mean of the temperature data in the time interval (n × m × Δt) from equation (21).

On the other hand, for example, when ω (i, j, km × 1) = ρ ^{(km × l)} , but ρ> 1, equation (21) is expressed as equation (23).

… (23)

The time change reference amount calculated in the second term in square brackets on the right side of Equation (23) represents the forgetting coefficient weighted average value of the temperature data in the time interval (n × m × Δt), and thus Equation (23) Calculates a temporal gradient between the current temperature data and the weighted average value of the forgetting coefficient type of the temperature data in the time interval n × m × Δt. Here, p is a forgetting coefficient which is a parameter defining the intensity of forgetting, and can be arbitrarily set.

As a calculation method of temporal gradient (temporal change rate, temporal change amount) of temperature, Formula (21), Formula (22), and Formula (23) were illustrated and demonstrated, However, in this invention, the weighting factor provision method different from what was mentioned above is demonstrated. You can also use the definition of temporal gradient.

Next, an example of the calculation method of the temporal gradient of the spatial gradient in the gradient calculation part l2 is demonstrated. Fig. 14 shows the time course of the spatial gradient ΔT _h (i, j, k) in the furnace height direction of the temperature at the pixel position (i, j). In Fig. 14, in order to discretize time t, and to calculate the temporal gradient ΔT _h (i, j, k) of the spatial gradient in the furnace height direction of the temperature at the discretization time k and the pixel position (i, j), As shown by Equation (24), after subtracting the temporal change reference amount from the spatial gradient in the furnace height direction of the present temperature, the time difference is divided by time (m x Δt).

… (24)

Here, n and m are setting variables, n is the number of time change reference evaluation data, m is the number of reference time of the temporal gradient. Δt is the sampling period. Further, ω (i, j, k-m × 1) may be arbitrarily set as a weighting factor that considers the influence of past temperature data when calculating the time change reference amount.

Hereinafter, an example of using the setting variable will be described. For example, when n = 1, m = 1 and ω (i, j, k-1 × 1) = 1, equation (24) becomes the following equation (25), and the furnace height of the present temperature The temporal gradient between the spatial gradient in the direction and the spatial gradient in the furnace height direction of the temperature before Δt time can be calculated.

ΔT _ht (i, j, k) = {ΔT _h (i, j, k)-ΔT (i, j, k-1)} ÷ Δt ... (25)

For example, when ω (i, j, km × 1) = 1 (= constant), the time change reference amount calculated in claim 2 in the square bracket on the right side of equation (24) is a time interval (n × m X (t), which is the arithmetic mean of the spatial gradient in the furnace height direction of temperature, and the spatial gradient in the furnace height direction of the current temperature and the spatial gradient of the furnace height direction of the temperature in the time interval (n x m x Δt). The temporal gradient with the average value of a mall can be computed from Formula (24).

For example, when ω (i, j, km × 1) = ρ ^{(i, j, km × 1)} , but ρ> l, equation (24) becomes the following equation (26). The temporal change reference amount calculated in the second term in the square bracket on the right side of equation (24) becomes the forgetting coefficient weighted average value of the spatial gradient in the furnace height direction of the temperature in the time interval (n × m × Δt), and the current temperature The temporal gradient between the spatial gradient in the furnace height direction and the forgetting coefficient weighted average value of the spatial gradient in the furnace height direction in the temperature section (n × m × Δt) can be calculated from equation (26).

… (26)

Here, p is a forgetting coefficient which is a variable defining the intensity of forgetting, and may be arbitrarily set. Equations (24), (25) and (26) were illustrated to explain the method of calculating the temporal gradient of the spatial gradient in the furnace height direction of the temperature. However, in the present invention, a weighting factor? (I, The definition of j, km x 1) or the definition of temporal gradient can also be used.

In addition, although FIG. 14 has been described as an example of the temporal transition of the spatial gradient in the furnace height direction of temperature, the foregoing descriptions also apply to the spatial gradient of other potential amounts such as pressure and other coordinate axes, such as the spatial gradient in the furnace circumferential direction. It should be understood that this applies.

<13. Figure and vector feature information calculation section> and <14. Figure and vector feature information trend calculation section>

The graphic and vector feature information calculating section 13 performs a mathematical operation on the vector calculated by the image processing or the gradient calculating section 12 for the contour graphic calculated by the equivalent line calculating section 5, and the equation (15). Spatial gradient vector of pressure as defined in Eq. (16) Size And declination And the temporal gradient ΔT _t (i, j, k) of the temperature defined in equation (23) as the figure and vector feature information. Thereafter, the contour figure or the characteristic information of the figure formed by the equivalent line of the calculation result on the two-dimensional plane or the three-dimensional solid surface composed of the two-dimensional planes is evaluated by the following method, thereby fusion of the blast furnace The root equivalent position can be estimated and visualized.

Fig. 15 is a diagram showing the state of the vicinity of the fusion zone near the furnace wall during blast furnace operation. In Figs. 15A and 15B, the horizontal axis represents the blast furnace radial distance from the furnace wall and the vertical axis represents the height of the blast furnace.

First, the outline of the blast furnace operation and the relationship of the vicinity of the fusion zone near the furnace wall will be described.

Blast furnace is a moving bed type reactor for producing pig iron of relatively high carbon content by reducing and dissolving iron oxide in iron ore. Raw iron ore and main fuel coke are alternately supplied from the top of the furnace to form a packed bed in the furnace.

Dozens of nozzles, called tuyeres, are arranged along the furnace circumferential direction in the furnace wall below the furnace, and blowing air and auxiliary fuel are introduced through the nozzle. In the front of the tuyere, a raceway is formed in which a packed bed is removed by a blown blown at high pressure and high speed, and coke particles are burned while circulating, and heat and carbon monoxide are supplied to the furnace. Carbon monoxide is a major reducing agent for reducing iron oxide, and the generated heat of combustion is transported to the upper part of the furnace by a reducing gas circulating in the furnace to become a heat source for raising, reducing and dissolving iron ore.

The area in which the charges in the blast furnace flows can be classified into three areas according to the state of the charge from the top of the furnace to the bottom of the furnace, namely, 1. bulk, 2. fusion zone, and 3. dropping.

In the blast furnace 1 at the upper part of the blast furnace, the iron ore supplied from the upper part of the furnace drops along with the fuel consumption in the furnace, during which the temperature rise and reduction by the reducing gas proceed.

Iron ore particles reaching the melting point in the furnace blast furnace in the middle of the blast furnace are softened and fused to form a fusion zone 2 in which molten iron and molten slag are produced. In the iron ore layer of the fusion zone (hatched portions in FIG. 15), the softened iron ore particles are fused to fill voids between the particles, thus forming a region of low breathability of the reducing gas.

Therefore, as shown in Fig. 15, the fusion zone has a structure in which an iron ore layer having low breathability of reducing gas and a coke layer having high breathability of reducing gas (coke slit, an unhatched portion in Fig. 15) are alternately present. Indicates. As a result of the blast furnace disassembly, such a structure has already been confirmed from the results of the belly probe and the tuyere probe.

In dropping zone 3 under the fusion zone 2, the liquid formed in the fusion zone flows downward through the coke packed bed, and the molten iron in the liquid is recovered at the bottom of the furnace and discharged outside the blast furnace through the outlet of the furnace bottom.

At this time, it is known that the fusion zone 2 plays a role of distributing the reducing gas circulated from the dropping zone 3 to the bulk, and greatly affects the "reducibility of iron ore" and "breathability" which are important characteristics in blast furnace operation. . Therefore, in the operation monitoring, it is important to estimate and visualize the formation characteristics (shape, formation position, breathability) of the fusion zone, and in particular, the formation characteristics (shape, formation position, breathability) of the vicinity of the fusion zone near the furnace wall.

From the observation results of the probe and the like, it is known that the layer structure inside the fusion zone varies greatly depending on the operation state in the thickness of the coke slit layer, the cavity length and the gradient angle of each layer. In addition, as shown by an arrow with a white interior in FIG. 15, the position and thickness of the vicinity of the welded portion change depending on the operating state.

15A shows a state in which a so-called W-shaped fusion zone is formed with a low dead man temperature, while FIG. 15B shows a so-called reverse V-shaped fusion zone with a high core temperature. The state that formed.

One of the reasons why the core temperature of FIG. 15A is low is that the "hang-down portion" of the fusion zone has approached the raceway. Due to the low core temperature, the flow of the blast introduced from the tuyeres to the core direction is disturbed, and a part of the blast branches and rises along the furnace wall (indicated by arrow ① in the drawing), thus the position corresponding to the vicinity of the fusion zone Rise to the top.

At this time, the reducing gas (represented by arrow ② in the drawing) distributed through the coke slit in the fusion zone from the core portion to the furnace wall direction does not pass smoothly through the coke slit, which is poor in shape, and joins the furnace wall. Then climb up the wall (marked with arrow ③). At this time, a part of the reducing gas collides with the furnace wall and then descends downwardly (indicated by arrow ④) along the furnace wall.

Therefore, as shown in FIG. 15A, the reducing gas (indicated by arrow? In the drawing) distributed from the core portion to the furnace wall direction through the coke slit inside the fusion zone merges at the upper portion of the fusion zone near the fusion zone. The upper portion has a higher gas flow rate (indicated by arrow? In the drawing) than its surrounding area. Therefore, the spatial gradient vector of pressure defined by equation (15) in which the correspondence with the gas flow rate is set in advance Size In the case of evaluating as, the contour figure region selected by the equivalent line having a value larger than the predetermined value can be estimated at a position corresponding to the upper portion of the fusion zone.

On the other hand, as shown in Fig. 15A, in the lower part of the fusion zone, after a portion of the reducing gas (indicated by arrow? In the drawing) distributed from the core portion to the furnace wall through the coke slit inside the fusion zone collides with the furnace wall. It is effective after joining because it descends along the furnace wall toward the bottom of the blast furnace (indicated by arrow ④ in the drawing), and this descending gas joins the gas rising from the bottom of the blast furnace along the furnace wall (indicated by arrow ① in the drawing). The gas flow rate is reduced compared to the surrounding area. Therefore, the spatial gradient vector of pressure defined by equation (15) in which the correspondence with the gas flow rate is set in advance Size When evaluating as, the contour figure region selected by the equivalent line of a value smaller than another predetermined value can be estimated as the position corresponding to the lower part of the fusion base.

On the other hand, as shown in Fig. 15A, in the lower part of the fusion zone, after a portion of the reducing gas (indicated by arrow? In the drawing) distributed from the core portion to the furnace wall through the coke slit inside the fusion zone collides with the furnace wall. Since it descends along the furnace wall toward the bottom of the blast furnace (indicated by arrow ④ in the drawing), it does not always merge with this falling gas and the gas rising from the bottom of the blast furnace along the furnace wall (indicated by arrow ① in the drawing) in the exact opposite state. The direction of the gas after confluence can be tilted in the furnace circumferential direction. Therefore, the spatial gradient vector of pressure defined by equation (16) in which the correspondence of the gas flow with the gradient in the furnace circumferential direction is set in advance. Declination of Absolute value of (clockwise positive defined around the furnace height direction (h-axis)) When evaluating as, the contour figure region selected by the equivalent line having a value larger than another predetermined value can be estimated at a position corresponding to the lower part of the fusion zone.

On the other hand, Fig. 15B shows a state where the core temperature is high and the "suspension part" of the fusion zone is sufficiently far from the raceway, and as a result, the blowing air introduced from the tuyeres is mainly introduced into the core part (indicated by arrow ⑤ in Fig. 15B). .

At this time, the reducing gas (in the direction of arrow ⑥ in FIG. 6) distributed through the coke slit inside the fusion zone from the core portion toward the furnace wall flows smoothly through the coke slit and effectively exerts its desired purpose. 15A, the gas is more appropriately distributed than in the case of FIG. 15A, and the reducing gas after hitting the furnace wall is dominantly flowed upward along the furnace wall (in the direction of arrow ⑦ in the drawing).

As the reducing gas (direction of arrow ⑥ in the drawing) distributed through the coke slit inside the fusion zone from the core part to the furnace wall flows smoothly through the coke slit and serves its intended purpose effectively, the reducing gas is reduced. Is appropriately distributed so that more reducing gas joins the upper portion of the fusion zone near the lower portion, and as a result, the effective gas flow rate at the upper portion of the fusion zone near the lower portion is higher.

Therefore, also in the case of FIG. 15B, as in the case of FIG. 15A, the reducing gas (in the direction of arrow ⑥ in the figure), which is distributed from the core portion toward the furnace wall through the coke slit inside the fusion zone, merges in the upper portion of the fusion zone vicinity. In addition, the gas flow rate (direction arrow ⑦ in the drawing) at the upper portion of the fusion zone near the fusion zone increases than the gas flow rate (direction arrow ⑧ in the drawing) at the lower portion of the fusion zone.

Spatial gradient vector of pressure with corresponding relationship with gas flow rate Gambling When evaluating at, the contour graphic area selected by the equivalent line having a value larger than the predetermined value can be estimated at a position corresponding to the upper part of the fusion table. Similarly, the equivalent line having a value smaller than another predetermined value is specified. The contour figure region selected by can be estimated to be a position corresponding to the lower portion of the fusion zone.

Until now, with reference to FIGS. 15A and 15B which show typical examples of the fusion zone near state used in blast furnace operation, the spatial gradient vector of pressure defined by Formula (15) and Formula (16) is shown. Gambling And declination The temporal gradient ΔTt (i, j, k) of the temperature defined in Eq. (23) is calculated, and the calculated result is equivalent to the two-dimensional plane or the three-dimensional solid surface equivalent line. By displaying with the contour figure to be formed or the characteristic information of the figure, it demonstrated how the upper correspondence position and the lower correspondence position of the vicinity of the fusion | melting zone of the blast furnace are estimated.

In the following, the contour figure obtained by the method as described above is calculated by combining the feature information of the figure, and the top position and the bottom position of the corresponding position near the fusion zone are estimated by using the feature information of the figure obtained from the calculation result. Describes how to visualize.

16 is a spatial gradient vector of pressure defined in Equation (15) at the upper equivalent position of the fusion zone root; Gambling Is estimated as an outline figure area selected by an equivalent line having a value larger than a predetermined set value (e.g., 0.004), and the outline figure area is taken as the horizontal cross hatching, and the circumferential direction of the furnace is taken as the horizontal axis. The height direction of the furnace is developed on a two-dimensional plane taken along the vertical axis.

Fig. 16 also shows the pressure spatial gradient vector defined by Equation (15) at the lower equivalent position of the fusion zone root. Gambling The contour figure area is estimated by an equivalent line having a value smaller than a predetermined value (e.g., 0.0005), which is determined in advance, and the contour figure area is indicated by a vertical and horizontal hatching cross hatching line.

The preset used here is the value normalized to a specific value and its units are dimensionless.

In FIG. 16, the characteristic information of the several diagonal crosshatching area | region corresponding to the upper correspondence position of a fusion | melting zone near part, ie, the equivalent line U1 located above the said diagonal crossing hatching area | region in the height direction of a furnace, is equivalent to the fusion | melting zone near-position. It can be visualized as the top position of.

In Fig. 16, the characteristic information of the various longitudinal cross hatching areas corresponding to the lower equivalent positions of the fusion zone root portion, that is, the equivalent line L1 located below the longitudinal cross hatching area in the height direction of the furnace, is the vicinity of the fusion zone. It can be visualized as a lower position of a considerable position.

17 is a spatial gradient vector of pressure defined by equation (16) at the lower equivalent position of the fusion zone root; Declination of Absolute value of Is estimated as an contour figure area selected for an equivalent line having a value larger than a predetermined value (e.g., 120 °), and the contour figure area is represented by an oblique cross hatching area, and the circumferential direction is taken as the horizontal axis. The example shown on the two-dimensional plane which taken the height direction of a furnace as the longitudinal axis is shown.

In FIG. 17, the characteristic information of the several diagonal cross hatching area | region corresponding to the lower correspondence position of a fusion | melting zone near part, ie, the equivalent line which is located above the hatching area | region in the height direction of a furnace, the upper position of a position corresponding to a fusion zone near part It can be estimated by U2.

In Fig. 17, the characteristic information of the various diagonal intersection areas corresponding to the lower equivalent positions of the fusion zone near the fusion zone, that is, the equivalent line located below the diagonal cross hatching area in the height direction of the furnace, is located at the ridge zone equivalent location. It can be estimated by visualizing the lower position L2.

Moreover, in FIG. 17, the upper position estimation curve U1 and the lower position estimation curve L1 of the position corresponding to the fusion | melting zone vicinity shown in FIG. 16 are also shown with the broken line.

Fig. 18 evaluates the lower equivalent position of the vicinity of the fusion zone by the absolute value | ΔT _t (i, j, k) | of the temporal gradient ΔT _t (i, j, k) of the temperature defined by equation (23). It is estimated as the contour graphic area selected for the equivalent line having a value larger than the set value (e.g., 2.0) set in Fig. 2, and an area of ΔT _t (i, j, k)> 0 is indicated by the diagonal cross hatching area. An example in which a region where ΔT _t (i, j, k) <0 is shown as a longitudinal cross hatching region is shown in a two-dimensional plane in which the circumferential direction of the furnace is taken as the horizontal axis and the height direction of the furnace is taken as the longitudinal axis.

In Fig. 18, the characteristic information of various diagonal cross hatching areas corresponding to the lower equivalent positions of the fusion zone vicinity, that is, equivalent lines located above and below the diagonal cross hatching area in the height direction of the furnace, The center position and the area information are averaged and calculated as weighting coefficients, and the actual curve L3 passing between the diagonal cross hatching area and the longitudinal cross hatching area as a result of the calculation can be estimated and visualized as the lower end position of the position corresponding to the fusion zone.

In FIG. 18, the upper position estimation curve U1 and the lower position estimation curve L1 of the position near the fusion | melting zone near shown in FIG. 16 are shown with a short broken line, and the upper position estimation curve U2 and the lower position estimation of the position near the fusion near zone shown in FIG. Curve L2 is shown by the long dashed line.

Subsequently, the spatial gradient vector of pressure defined in equations (15) and (16) with reference to FIG. Gambling And declination The temporal gradient ΔTt (i, j, k) of the temperature defined in Eq. (23) is calculated, and the upper and lower positions of the positions corresponding to the vicinity of the fusion zone are calculated and visualized by using a figure. Is displayed on the 3D solid surface formed by the equivalence line on the 2D plane or the 2D plane and displayed as the characteristic information of the figure or figure formed to estimate the upper position and the lower position of the position corresponding to the vicinity of the fusion zone. Describes how to visualize.

19 shows a spatial gradient vector of pressure defined in equation (l5). Gambling Spatial gradient vector of pressure defined in equation (16) with short dashed lines at the upper position U1 and the lower position L1 of the position corresponding to the fusion zone near the fusion zone estimated in FIG. 16 estimated from the contour figure region formed by the equivalent line of Declination of The upper position U2 and the lower position L2 of the position corresponding to the fusion region near the fusion zone estimated in Fig. 17, which are estimated from the contour figure region formed by the equivalent line of, with a long dashed line, and the temporal gradient ΔT _t (i , j, k) the absolute value of | ΔT _t (i, j, k) | fusion for root lower end position L3 of the corresponding position shown in Figure 18, estimated from the contour shape regions which are formed an equivalent line represents one point respectively by the chain line .

In FIG. 19, the average value in the height direction of the furnace between the upper position U1 and U2 of the position corresponding to a fusion | melting zone near is shown by the bold solid curve as the upper position U4 of the position corresponding to a fusion | melting zone near, and the lower position of a position corresponding to a fusion zone near The average value in the height direction of the furnace between L1, L2, and L3 was shown by the bold solid curve as the lower position L4 of the position corresponding to the fusion | melting zone vicinity.

In the calculation of the upper position U4 and the lower position L4 of the fusion zone near equivalent position, the height direction position information of the furnace of each curve was simply arithmetic averaged, but for example, the weights shown in the following equations (27) and (28) It goes without saying that other average calculation methods, such as the average calculation method, can also be used.

... (27)

... (28)

Here, pU (l, i, k) and pL (l, i, k) are the furnace circumferential discretization coordinates (i) of the upper position U1 and the lower position L1 of the position corresponding to the fusion zone in FIG. are the weighting coefficients in k), and hU (4, i, k) and hL (4, i, k) are each the height of the furnace height of the upper position U4 and the lower position L4 of the fusion zone near equivalent position obtained as a result of weighted average calculation. Discrete coordinates.

The estimation method and the visualization method of the position near the fusion | melting zone demonstrated by this invention demonstrated so far can be performed continuously corresponding to the temporal transition of each measurement data, and, accordingly, the fusion zone is corresponding to the temporal transition of each measurement data. It is possible to estimate and visualize the root equivalent position.

Moreover, in the above embodiment, the method of the present invention has been described taking stave temperature data and axial pressure data as an example, but the method of the present invention does not need to be limited to stave temperature data and axial pressure data, and other measurement data are applied. Needless to say, the method of using them in combination is also effective.

The data processing apparatus 4 in the embodiment described above is composed of a CPU or MPU, RAM, ROM, or the like of a computer, and can be realized as the program recorded in the RAM or ROM operates. Thus, the data processing apparatus can be realized by recording a program for operating the computer to perform the function in a storage medium and loading the program into the computer. As the storage medium, CD-ROM, DVD, floppy disk, hard disk, magnetic tape, magneto-optical tape, nonvolatile memory card, and the like can be used.

In addition, the functions of the above embodiments can be realized by executing a program loaded by the computer, and the functions of the above embodiments are also implemented by program code that cooperates with an OS (operating system) or other application software running on the computer. In this case, such program code is also included in the embodiment of the present invention.

According to the method of the present invention described above, the two-dimensional plane or the two-dimensional plane formed by attaching the measurement data of the measurement target amount output from the plurality of sensors installed in the blast furnace to reflect the installation position of each sensor By arranging on the surface of, it is possible to express the spatial distribution state or temporal change of each measurement data in the form of the figure or characteristic information of the figure which they form, and to evaluate them.

In addition, the contour figure region and the figure characteristic information formed by the equivalent lines of gambling and declination of the spatial rate of change vector of pressure and temporal gradient of temperature on a two-dimensional plane or a three-dimensional surface formed by attaching a two-dimensional plane are used. By estimating and visualizing the equivalent position near the fusion zone, it becomes possible to accurately monitor the operation status of the blast furnace and to accurately predict the operation abnormality.

In the above embodiment, the monitoring target is a blast furnace, but the present invention is also applicable to a reactor (brewing tanks such as beer, petroleum refining towers, reactors, heat exchangers, etc.) in which the internal state amount cannot be detected directly.

Claims (33)

A state quantity measuring step of measuring a state quantity of the blast furnace by a sensor, An equivalent line calculating step of calculating an equivalent line from the state quantity measured in the state quantity measuring step, A drawing step of showing the equivalent line calculated in the equivalent line calculating step on a two-dimensional plane or a three-dimensional space; And an evaluation step of evaluating the figure shown in the drawing step or characteristic information of the figure. The method of claim 1, wherein the evaluating step comprises: evaluating the figure based on at least one variable selected from among the number, position, area, center, or aspect ratio of the figure shown in the drawing step, the maximum value of the state amount included in the figure, A method for monitoring operation conditions of a blast furnace, characterized in that the characteristic information of the figure is evaluated based on at least one variable selected from a minimum value, an average value and a variance. The method according to claim 1, further comprising a transition monitoring step of monitoring a temporal transition of the figure shown in the drawing step or the figure characteristic information of the figure. The method according to claim 2, wherein the transition monitoring step evaluates the temporal trend of the figure based on the temporal trend of at least one variable selected from the number, position, area, center, or aspect ratio of the figure shown in the drawing step, And evaluating the temporal trend of the characteristic information of the figure based on the temporal trend of at least one variable selected from the maximum, minimum, average, or variance of the state quantities included. A state quantity measuring step of measuring a state quantity of the blast furnace by a sensor, An equivalent line calculating step of calculating an equivalent line from the state quantity measured in the state quantity measuring step, A gradient calculation step of calculating a spatial gradient of the state quantity based on the equivalent line calculated in the equivalent line calculation step; And an equivalent line calculated in the equivalent line calculating step or an equivalent line or vector of the spatial gradient of the state quantity calculated in the gradient calculating step on a two-dimensional plane or a three-dimensional space. How to monitor the operation of blast furnaces. A state quantity measuring step of measuring a state quantity of the blast furnace by a plurality of sensors installed in the blast furnace, An equivalent line calculating step of calculating an equivalent line from the state quantity measured in the state quantity measuring step, A gradient calculating step of calculating a temporal gradient of the state quantity based on the equivalent line calculated in the equivalent line calculating step; And an equivalent line calculated in the equivalent line calculating step or an equivalent line or vector of the temporal gradient of the state quantity calculated in the gradient calculating step on a two-dimensional plane or a three-dimensional space. How to monitor the operation of blast furnaces. A state quantity measuring step of measuring a state quantity of the blast furnace by a sensor, An equivalent line calculating step of calculating an equivalent line from the state quantity measured in the state quantity measuring step, A gradient calculation step of calculating a spatial gradient of the state quantity and calculating a temporal gradient of the spatial gradient based on the equivalent line calculated in the equivalent line calculation step; And an equivalent line calculated in the equivalent line calculating step or an equivalent line or vector of the spatial-temporal gradient of the state quantity calculated in the gradient calculating step on a two-dimensional plane or a three-dimensional space. Method of monitoring operation condition of blast furnace. 8. The figure according to any one of claims 5 to 7, wherein the figure or characteristic information of the figure or the figure contained by the equivalent line of the spatial gradient, the temporal gradient, or the spatial-temporal gradient of the state quantity is included. And an evaluation step of evaluating the vector information of the measurement data in the area. The figure or feature information of the figure according to any one of claims 5 to 7, which is represented by an equivalent line of a spatial gradient, a temporal gradient or a spatial-temporal gradient of the state quantity evaluated in the evaluation step. And a transition monitoring step of monitoring a temporal transition or a temporal transition of the vector information of the state quantity in the figure region. 8. The number, position, area, center or aspect ratio of a figure according to claim 5, wherein the evaluation step is represented by an equivalent line of a spatial, temporal, or spatial-temporal gradient of the state quantity. A method for monitoring operation conditions of a blast furnace, characterized in that the evaluation is based on at least one variable selected from among the maximum, minimum, average, or variance of the state quantities included in the figure. 11. The method as claimed in claim 10, wherein the figure is represented by, or within, the number, position, area, center, or aspect ratio of the figure represented by the spatial, temporal, or equivalent line of the spatial-temporal gradient of the state quantity evaluated in the evaluating step. And a temporal monitoring step of monitoring the temporal trend of at least one variable selected from the maximum, minimum, average, or variance of the state quantities involved. 8. The method of any one of claims 5 to 7, wherein said evaluating step comprises: a spatial gradient vector of state quantities, a temporal gradient, or a temporal gradient vector of spatial gradients, or a sum, maximum or minimum of components or gradients of these vectors, And evaluating at least one variable selected from the mean and the variance. 8. The method according to any one of claims 5 to 7, wherein the spatial gradient vector of the quantity of states evaluated in the evaluation step, the temporal gradient, or the temporal gradient vector of the spatial gradient, or the sum, maximum or minimum of the components or gradients of these vectors. And a temporal trend monitoring step of monitoring a temporal trend of at least one variable selected from an average value and a variance. A pressure measuring step of measuring the pressure in the blast furnace by the pressure sensor, An equivalent line calculating step of calculating a pressure equivalent line from the pressure measured in the pressure measuring step; A gradient calculation step of calculating a spatial gradient vector of the pressure equivalent line calculated in the equivalent line calculation step; The area surrounded by the equivalent line bounded by a predetermined upper limit value and a lower limit value among at least one equivalent line among norms or declinations of the spatial gradient vector of the pressure equivalent line calculated in the gradient calculation step corresponds to the vicinity of the fusion zone. And an evaluation step of evaluating the location. 15. The operation state of the blast furnace according to claim 14, further comprising a display step of displaying the position corresponding to the fusion zone root portion evaluated in the evaluation step in the form of a figure on a surface of a two-dimensional plane or a three-dimensional solid. Surveillance Method. A temperature measuring step of measuring the temperature in the blast furnace by the temperature sensor, An equivalent line calculating step of calculating a temperature equivalent line from the temperature measured in the temperature measuring step; A gradient calculation step of calculating a temporal gradient of the temperature calculated in the equivalent line calculation step; Monitoring operation conditions of the blast furnace having an evaluation step of evaluating an equivalent line delimited by a predetermined upper limit value and a lower limit value among the equivalent lines of the temporal gradient of the temperature calculated in the gradient calculation step to a position corresponding to the fusion zone vicinity. Way. 17. The method for monitoring operation conditions of a blast furnace according to claim 16, further comprising a display step of displaying the position corresponding to the fusion zone root portion evaluated in the evaluation step on a surface of a two-dimensional plane or a three-dimensional solid. A pressure-temperature measurement step of measuring pressure and temperature in the blast furnace by a pressure sensor and a temperature sensor, An equivalent line calculating step of calculating a pressure equivalent line and a temperature equivalent line from the pressure and the temperature measured in the pressure-temperature measuring step; A gradient calculation step of calculating a spatial gradient vector of pressure and a temporal gradient of temperature calculated in the equivalent line calculation step; An evaluation step of evaluating a position corresponding to the fusion zone near the fusion zone based on at least one equivalent line among the norm or declination of the spatial gradient vector of pressure calculated in the gradient calculation step and the equivalent line of the temporal gradient of temperature calculated in the gradient calculation step Operating state monitoring method of the blast furnace, characterized in that it comprises. 19. The method according to any one of claims 14, 16, or 18, further comprising a temporal trend monitoring means for monitoring a temporal trend at a position corresponding to the fusion zone vicinity. 20. The method according to claim 19, further comprising a display step of displaying a temporal trend at a position corresponding to the fusion zone near the fusion zone monitored in the temporal trend monitoring step. 19. The method according to any one of claims 14, 16, or 18, wherein the evaluating step evaluates the figure at the position corresponding to the fusion zone, the figure characteristic information of the figure, or the vector information of the state quantity in the figure. The operation state monitoring method of the blast furnace, characterized in that. The temporal transition according to any one of claims 14, 16, or 18, wherein the temporal transition of the figure at the position corresponding to the fusion zone, the figure characteristic information of the figure, or the vector information of the state quantity in the figure is monitored. And monitoring the operation status of the blast furnace, further comprising a monitoring step. 19. The method according to any one of claims 14, 16, or 18, wherein the evaluating step is carried out in the number, position, area, center, or aspect ratio of the figure at the position corresponding to the fusion zone near or at a state amount within the figure. A method for monitoring operation of a blast furnace, characterized by evaluating at least one variable selected from the maximum, minimum, average or variance. 20. The apparatus of claim 19, wherein the temporal trend monitoring means comprises at least one selected from among a number, a position, an area, a center, or an aspect ratio of a figure at a position corresponding to the fusion zone, or a maximum, minimum, average, or variance of a state quantity in the figure. A method for monitoring the operation status of a blast furnace, characterized by monitoring the temporal trend of the variable. 19. The method according to any one of claims 14, 16 or 18, wherein the evaluating step comprises at least one selected from the sum, the maximum, the minimum, the mean, or the variance of the vector or vector components in the figure at the fusion near region equivalent position. A method for monitoring operation of a blast furnace, characterized by evaluating a variable. 20. The method of claim 19, wherein the monitoring of the temporal trend comprises: monitoring the temporal trend of at least one variable selected from the sum, the maximum, the minimum, the mean, or the variance of the vector or vector component in the figure at the position corresponding to the fusion zone. Operation state monitoring device of blast furnace. 27. The method of any of claims 1 to 26 wherein the step of calculating the equivalent line is A selection step of selecting a rectangle whose all angles of the rectangle formed by the lines connecting four adjacent sensors to each other do not exceed 180 degrees; An intersection state quantity value setting step of setting an average value of state quantity values taken at each vertex of the rectangle selected in the selection step to a state quantity value of a diagonal intersection; And an equivalent line search step of searching for an equivalent line based on the state amount value of the intersection set in the intersection state amount value setting step. Data collection means for collecting measurement data of the state quantity of the blast furnace using a sensor, Equivalent line calculating means for calculating an equivalent line from the measurement data collected by the data collecting means; Gradient calculation means for calculating a spatial gradient, a temporal gradient, and a temporal gradient of spatial gradients based on the equivalent lines calculated by the equivalent line calculation means; Information calculating means for calculating vector feature information on the basis of the figure or the figure characteristic information of the figure formed by the equivalent line calculated by the equivalent line calculating means and the gradient calculated by the gradient calculating means; And an operation state monitoring means for monitoring the figure calculated by the information calculating means, the feature information of the figure, or the vector feature information. 29. The blast furnace operating state monitoring according to claim 28, further comprising temporal trend monitoring means for monitoring the temporal trend of the figure, the feature information of the figure, or the vector feature information monitored by the operation state monitoring means. Device. The method according to claim 28 or 29, wherein the equivalent line calculating means Selection means for selecting a rectangle in which all of the angles of the rectangle formed by the lines connecting the four sensors adjacent to each other do not exceed 180 degrees; Intersection state quantity value setting means for setting an average value of state quantity values taken at each vertex of the rectangle selected by the selection means to a state quantity value of an intersection of diagonal lines; And an equivalent line searching unit for searching an equivalent line based on the state quantity value of the intersection set by the intersection state amount setting unit. 31. The apparatus according to any one of claims 28 to 30, further comprising visualization means for visualizing the temporal trend of the figure, the feature information of the figure, or the vector feature information monitored by the temporal trend monitoring means. Operation state monitoring device of blast furnace. A program for causing a computer to execute the processing sequence of the blast furnace operation state monitoring method according to any one of claims 1 to 27. 32. A program for operating a computer as an operating state monitoring device for a blast furnace according to any one of claims 28 to 31.