KR20030027419A - Tunneling machines having an auxillary plate installed water jet nozzle - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE: A tunneling machine provided with an auxiliary plate equipped with a water jet nozzle is provided to crush obstacles such as bedrock, stone, etc. in a face by using a water jet nozzle, to minimize instability of a face by high-pressure water, to secure the rotary speed of a cutter head required for excavation and to keep crushing strength of a water jet nozzle stable. CONSTITUTION: The tunneling machine provided with an auxiliary plate equipped with a water jet nozzle comprises: a front body(100) provided with a rotary cutter head(300) and the cutter head(300) contains an eccentric fitting hole(410), an auxiliary plate(400) coupled to the fitting hole(410), at least one or more water jet nozzles(500) installed on the auxiliary plate(400) eccentrically to inject high-pressure water toward a face, and a cover(600) installed on the rear of the auxiliary plate(400) to block inflow of earthy materials through an opening(330) of the cutter head(300); and a tail body(200) coupled to the rear of the front body(100) by many steering jacks(210) and provided with a cutter motor(220) and a speed reducer(230) to drive the cutter head(300).

Description

TUNNELING MACHINES HAVING AN AUXILLARY PLATE INSTALLED WATER JET NOZZLE}

The present invention relates to a tunnel excavator equipped with an auxiliary face plate provided with a waterjet nozzle, and more particularly, it is possible to fracture obstacles such as rock and stone evenly distributed throughout the membrane with only a few waterjet nozzles. Minimize the instability of the membrane caused by the high pressure water injected, and it is possible to secure the rotation speed of the cutter head necessary for drilling, and also has the auxiliary face plate installed with the water jet nozzle which can stably maintain the crushing force of the water jet nozzle. It is about a tunnel excavator.

The excavation method of the tunnel excavation method is a soil excavation cutter mounted on the tip of the machine by inserting a steel cylindrical excavation machine called a micro tunneling machine or a semi-shield machine into a vertical work tool. Excavate the ground while rotating the cutter head and perform various auxiliary methods (water and chemical injection) on the membrane surface to prevent the collapse of the membrane surface while preventing the collapse of the membrane surface. It is to excavate the tunnel while repeating the work of pushing and pushing.

The tunnel excavator used in the propulsion method for excavating a tunnel will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

1 is a side cross-sectional view showing a conventional tunnel excavator, Figure 2 is a front view showing a conventional tunnel excavator. As shown, the tunnel excavator according to the prior art has a plurality of steel cylinder front body (10) and the rear of the front cylinder 10 installed so that the cutter head (30) is rotatable on the front It is coupled to a steering jack (21) and the tail body (20) is provided with a cutter motor (22) and a reducer (reducer) 23 for driving the cutter head 30 therein Is done.

The front cylinder 10 is a cylindrical hollow shaft 11 is fixedly installed in the center, the hollow shaft 11 is supported by a support bracket 12 extending from the inside of the front cylinder 10 and gear box on the outer peripheral surface (13) is bearing-coupled, the first crusher 14 is screwed in the axial direction on the front of the gearbox (13).

The hollow shaft 11 is provided with a second crusher 15 fixed in an axial direction at one end thereof, and an end of the second crusher 15 is opposite to the inclined surface plate 14a of the first crusher 14 along the outer circumferential surface thereof. The inclined surface plate 15a of the shape which is formed is formed, and between these inclined surface plates 14a and 15a, the 1st crushing space 16 which forms the circular channel | path 16a inside is formed, and the 1st crushing space 16 At the rear of the passage 16a, a circular second shredding space 17 is formed.

In addition, the first crusher 14 of the front cylinder 10 is extended to a degree similar to the diameter of the front cylinder 10 is coupled to the cutter head 30.

The cutter head 30 has a bit 31 and an opening 32 formed therein, and a waterjet nozzle 33 is installed.

A plurality of waterjet nozzles 33 are installed, each waterjet nozzle 33 is connected to the high pressure pipe (33a) installed in the front cylinder 10 and the rear cylinder 20, the high pressure pipe 33a is grounded It is connected to an installed high pressure pump (not shown). Therefore, the high pressure water generated by the high pressure pump is supplied to the waterjet nozzle 33 along the high pressure pipe 33a and sprayed on the membrane surface.

In addition, since the waterjet nozzle 33 rotates together with the cutter head 30, the water jet nozzle 33 can withstand the high pressure of the high pressure water on the high pressure pipe 33a, and in view of the speed of the cutter head 30, a swivel joint; 33b). Therefore, the connection portion of the high pressure pipe 33a can be freely rotated 360 degrees without leakage of high pressure water.

The rear cylinder 20 is coupled to the front cylinder 10 and a plurality of steering jacks (21), the hydraulic device (21a) and the direction modification jack for supplying the hydraulic pressure to the direction modification jack 21 on the inside A plurality of solenoid valves 21b for adjusting the stroke of 21 are provided, and a plurality of cutter motors 22 and a reducer 23 for driving the cutter head 30 are provided. The reducer 23 is geared to the gearbox 13 of the front cylinder (10).

In addition, the rear cylinder 20 is provided with a fang pipe 24 and a manifold pipe 25 connected to the ground at the inner lower end, and a panel 26 provided with a target and a plurality of gauges engraved at one end thereof is provided. At the rear of the panel 26, a camera 27 for observing this is installed and observes it from the cockpit located on the ground, and in the cockpit, the excavation work is performed by adjusting the tunnel excavator.

Conventional tunnel excavators such as this are damaged when the actual strata where the excavation proceeds are different from those expected by geological survey through boring before operation, and thus encounter unexpected obstacles such as rocks or stones (ambers) when excavating. Alternatively, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, in order to solve the problem of stopping the work, a waterjet nozzle is mounted on the cutter head, or a pair of roller cutters and a waterjet nozzle positioned between them are used, although not shown.

However, since the conventional tunnel excavator moves by rotating the waterjet nozzle together with the cutter head, in order to maintain the crushing force of the obstacle by the waterjet nozzle, it is necessary to operate within the limit movement speed of the waterjet nozzle, so the rotation speed of the cutter head By keeping the low, the excavation speed of the tunnel excavator is lowered, and the excavation efficiency of the cutter head is significantly reduced.

In addition, in order to cut obstacles existing in the barrier, the tunnel excavator needs to have a large cutting area by the waterjet nozzle compared to the drilling surface of the barrier. Waterjet nozzles simply rotating together with the cutter head are repeatedly cut only on the same trajectory. Not only is it ineffective, but a large number of waterjet nozzles have to be installed. As a result, expensive water jet high-pressure pumps are required, and the membrane is unstable due to high pressure water sprayed from a large number of waterjet nozzles.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made to solve the above-mentioned conventional problems, and an object of the present invention is to have a spiral or asterisk shape over a large area by moving the waterjet nozzle with an auxiliary face plate eccentrically installed from the head cutter. Only a few waterjet nozzles can crush obstacles such as rocks and stones evenly distributed throughout the membrane, and minimize the instability of the membrane due to the high pressure water sprayed from the waterjet nozzle. Even if the cutter head is rotated at a normal speed by rotating, the waterjet nozzle has a moving speed within the maximum moving speed range for breaking down obstacles such as rocks and stones, so that the rotation speed of the cutter head necessary for drilling can be sufficiently secured. In addition, the crushing force of the waterjet nozzle A secondary surface plate is provided with water-jet nozzles to provide a group comprising drilling a tunnel.

The present invention for realizing the above object is coupled to the front cylinder of the steel cylinder in which a cutter head is rotatably installed in the front, and a plurality of steering jacks in the rear of the front cylinder and In a tunnel excavator including a cutter motor for driving a cutter head and a rear cylinder provided with a reducer, an insertion hole is eccentrically formed on the cutter head, and an auxiliary face plate is rotatably coupled to the insertion hole. One or more waterjet nozzles for spraying high-pressure water toward the membrane on the auxiliary face plate is installed eccentrically, and a cover is installed at the rear side of the auxiliary face plate to block the inflow of soil that is pushed through the opening of the cutter head. do.

The auxiliary face plate has a rotating shaft having a concentric shaft on the rear side, a rotating gear is formed on the outer peripheral surface of one side of the rotating shaft, rotatably installed on the rear side of the cutter head so as to be geared with the rotating gear, the planetary gear and the gear A fixed shaft which is formed on the outer peripheral surface of the fixed gear to be coupled is rotatably installed while having a concentric shaft on the rear side of the cutter head, characterized in that the end of the fixed shaft is fixed to the inside of the front cylinder.

1 is a side cross-sectional view showing a conventional tunnel excavator,

2 is a front view showing a conventional tunnel excavator,

3 is a side cross-sectional view showing a tunnel excavator having an auxiliary face plate provided with a waterjet nozzle according to the present invention;

4 is a front view showing a tunnel excavator having an auxiliary face plate provided with a waterjet nozzle according to the present invention.

<Description of Symbols for Main Parts of Drawings>

100; Forward barrel 200; Rear barrel

300; Cutter head 400; Auxiliary faceplate

410; Insertion hole 420; Fitting

430; Axis of rotation 440; Rotary gear

450; Planetary gear 460; Fixed gear

470; Fixed shaft 500; Waterjet nozzle

510; Swivel joint 520; High pressure pipe

DETAILED DESCRIPTION Hereinafter, exemplary embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings so that those skilled in the art may easily implement the present invention.

Figure 3 is a side cross-sectional view showing a tunnel excavator having an auxiliary face plate provided with a waterjet nozzle according to the present invention, Figure 4 is a front view showing a tunnel excavator with an auxiliary face plate provided with a waterjet nozzle according to the present invention. As shown, the tunnel excavator having a subsurface plate installed with a waterjet nozzle according to the present invention is a cutter head 300 is rotatably coupled while the subsidiary plate 400 is installed eccentrically installed at least one waterjet nozzle (500) ) Is installed in front of the front body (front body; 100), and a plurality of steering jacks (210) in the rear of the front cylinder 100, the cutter for driving the cutter head 300 therein The motor 220 and the reducer 230 is provided with a rear body (tail body; 200) is provided.

The front cylinder 100 is fixed to the cylindrical hollow shaft 110 having a hollow portion in the center, the hollow shaft 110 is supported by a support bracket 120 extending from the inside of the front cylinder 100 and the outer peripheral surface The gearbox 130 is bearing-coupled to, and the first crusher 140 having an approximately trumpet shape extending from the outer circumferential surface of the gearbox 130 while extending forward in front of the gearbox 130 is screwed in the axial direction do.

In addition, the hollow shaft 110 is provided with a second crusher 150 fixed in the axial direction at one end, the end of the second crusher 150, the inclined surface plate 141 of the first crusher 140 along the outer peripheral surface The inclined surface plate 151 having a shape opposite to that is formed, between the inclined surface plate (141, 151) to form a circular first crushing space 160 that gradually narrows toward the rear, the first crushing space 160 A circular passage 161 is formed inside, and a circular second crushing space 170 is formed behind the passage 161.

On the other hand, the first crusher 140 of the front cylinder 100 is extended to a degree similar to the diameter of the front cylinder 100 is coupled to the cutter head 300.

The cutter head 300 has a bit 310 and an opening 320 formed on the front surface thereof, and a roller cutter 330 may be provided according to the soil quality of the region where the excavation process is performed. Insertion hole 410 to which the 400 is rotatably coupled is formed eccentrically.

The auxiliary face plate 400 is coupled to the insertion hole 410 of the cutter head 300 via a fitting 420 for sealing and rolling, and the waterjet nozzle 500 is eccentrically installed.

On the other hand, the auxiliary surface plate 400 is preferably rotated in the direction opposite to the rotation direction of the cutter head (300). Therefore, the waterjet nozzle 500 installed in the auxiliary face plate 400 is moved in the direction opposite to the rotational direction of the cutter head 300, so that the moving speed of the waterjet nozzle 500 can be kept low, so that the waterjet nozzle 500 is a rock bed. It is possible to sufficiently break obstacles such as and stone.

In addition, the auxiliary face plate 400 may include a drive motor and a reducer that operate independently of the cutter motor 220 to rotate from the cutter head 300, but the cutter may be required because the structure and installation space need to be minimized. It is preferable to rotate using the rotational force of the head (300). To this end, the auxiliary surface plate 400 has a rotating shaft 430 having a concentric shaft on the rear side, a rotating gear 440 is formed on one outer peripheral surface of the rotating shaft 430, the cutter head to be coupled to the rotating gear 440 ( The planetary gear 450 is eccentrically installed on the rear side of the 300 and is rotatably installed. It is installed rotatably while having a concentric shaft on the rear side, the end of the fixed shaft 470 is fixed to the inner side of the front cylinder 100, that is, the rear 111 of the hollow shaft 110.

Therefore, when the cutter head 300 rotates, the planetary gear 450 rotates while moving around the fixed gear 460, such that the rotary shaft 430 rotates together with the rotary gear 440 to rotate the auxiliary face plate 400. Rotate in the opposite direction of 300.

One or more waterjet nozzles 500 are installed eccentrically on the subsurface plate 400, and when a plurality of waterjet nozzles 500 are installed, the waterjet nozzles 500 may have different distances from the center of the subsurface plate 400. Therefore, when the auxiliary face plate 400 rotates, each of the waterjet nozzles 500 moves along various trajectories to spray the high pressure water evenly in the membrane.

The waterjet nozzle 500 receives high pressure water through a high pressure pipe 510 connected to a high pressure pump (not shown) installed on the ground, and the high pressure pipe 510 is fixed to the shaft 470 through the inner side of the rear cylinder 200. It is connected to each waterjet nozzle 500 installed in the auxiliary face plate 400 through the inside. At this time, due to the rotation of the cutter head 300 and the auxiliary face plate 400, a joint connection is required at a predetermined portion of the high pressure pipe 510. For this purpose, the fixed shaft 470 and the auxiliary face plate 400 of the cutter head 300 are required. Swivel joints (520) are provided on the high pressure pipe (510) located at the rotation shaft (430). Therefore, the swivel joint 520 can be rotated freely 360 degrees without leaking high-pressure water to the connection portion of the high-pressure pipe 510.

In addition, a cover 600 is installed at the rear side of the auxiliary surface plate 400 to block the inflow of the earth and sand pushed through the opening 320 of the cutter head 300. Therefore, the cover 600 does not function properly by the earth and sand related parts such as the auxiliary face plate 400, the waterjet nozzle 500, and the high-pressure pipe 510 is pushed through the opening 320 of the cutter head 300. Prevent it from failing.

The rear cylinder 200 is coupled to the front cylinder 100 and a plurality of steering jacks (210), the hydraulic device 211 and the direction modification jacks for supplying the hydraulic pressure to the direction modification jacks 210 on the inside A plurality of solenoid valves 212 for adjusting the stroke of the 210 is installed, a plurality of cutter motor 220 and a reducer 230 for driving the cutter head 300 is installed, The reducer 230 is geared to the gearbox 130 of the front cylinder (100).

In addition, the rear cylinder 200 is provided with a fang pipe 240 and a manifold pipe 250 connected to the ground at the inner lower end, the panel 260 is provided with a target and a plurality of gauges engraved on one end, The rear of the panel 260 is installed with a camera 270 that can observe the observation from the cockpit located on the ground.

Excavation work and operation of the tunnel excavator equipped with an auxiliary face plate having a waterjet nozzle according to the present invention having such a structure is made as follows.

First, the vertical work tool is excavated at a predetermined position on the ground, and the tunnel excavator described above is installed in the vertical work tool and installed, and a propulsion tube (not shown) and a reaction force behind the rear cylinder 200 are used. Hydraulic jacks (not shown) are provided for applying the pressing force in the drilling direction.

The tunnel excavator is pushed together with the propulsion pipe in the drilling direction by the hydraulic jack, the front of the cutter head 300 is in close contact with the ground, the driving force of the cutter motor 220 forms a high torque while passing through the reducer 230 The first crusher 140 and the cutter head 300 are rotated.

When the cutter head 300 rotates, the planetary gear 450 rotates while moving around the fixed gear 460, thereby rotating the auxiliary shaft plate 400 by rotating the rotary shaft 430 together with the rotary gear 440. At this time, the auxiliary surface plate 400 is rotated in the opposite direction to the cutter head 300, by adjusting the gear ratio of each of the gears (440, 450, 460) to facilitate the rotational speed ratio of the cutter head 300 and the auxiliary surface plate 400. The trajectory shape and the moving speed of the waterjet nozzle 500 eccentrically installed on the auxiliary surface plate 400 may be changed.

That is, the trajectory shape of the waterjet nozzle 500 may be changed in various forms by changing the rotational speed ratio of the head cutter 300 and the auxiliary face plate 400, which is desired when designing the tunnel excavator. By adjusting the gear ratio of the gears (440, 450, 460) corresponding to the trajectory of) or by separately manufacturing a reducer having a desired reduction ratio.

In addition, the movement speed of the waterjet nozzle 500 is rotated in the opposite direction to the rotational direction of the cutter head 300 by the auxiliary surface plate 400 compared to the case where the waterjet nozzle 500 is directly installed in the conventional cutter head 300. It can be kept low, which causes the waterjet nozzle 500 to lower the moving speed to a certain range to have a high cutting force against obstacles such as rock, stone.

Meanwhile, the bit 310 and the roller cutter 330 crush the soil and rock while rotating together with the cutter head 300, and the waterjet nozzle 500 installed on the auxiliary face plate 400 rotating from the cutter head 300 is By spraying high pressure water evenly over the entire membrane surface while drawing a constant trajectory, the obstacles such as rock, rock, and stone are crushed, and the crushed soil and rock are pushed into the first crushing space 160 through the opening 320. Soil and rock that are pushed into the second crushing space 170 through the narrow passage formed through the narrow passage formed by the first and second crushers (140,150) and the second crushing space (170) Is mixed with the water flow supplied from the ground through the fang pipe 240 is discharged to the ground through the bunny pipe 250.

The operation of the tunnel excavator for this series of excavation work is carried out in the cockpit located on the ground, if the tunnel excavator is propelled by the length of the propulsion pipe retracts the hydraulic jack and inserts another propulsion pipe is repeated.

As described above, according to the preferred embodiment of the present invention, the movement trajectory of the waterjet nozzle has a spiral or star shape over a large area so that obstacles such as rocks and stones are evenly distributed throughout the membrane with only a few waterjet nozzles. In addition, it minimizes the instability of the membrane caused by the high-pressure water sprayed from the waterjet nozzle, and the movement speed within the maximum moving speed range that the waterjet nozzle can fracture obstacles such as rock and stone even if the cutter head is rotated at a normal speed. Since not only ensures sufficient rotation speed of the cutter head required for drilling, but also maintains the crushing force of the waterjet nozzle.

As described above, the tunnel excavator equipped with the subsurface plate provided with the waterjet nozzle according to the present invention rotates the subsurface plate provided with the waterjet nozzle eccentrically from the head cutter, so that the movement trajectory of the waterjet nozzle is formed in a spiral or star shape over a large area. By having a small number of waterjet nozzles, you can not only crush obstacles such as rock and stone evenly distributed throughout the membrane, but also minimize the instability of the membrane due to the high pressure water sprayed from the waterjet nozzle. Direction, even if the cutter head is rotated at the normal speed, the waterjet nozzle has a moving speed within the maximum moving speed range that can break up obstacles such as rock and stone, so that the rotation speed of the cutter head necessary for drilling can be secured. Not only can it stabilize the crushing force of the waterjet nozzle It has the effect that you can keep.

What has been described above is just one embodiment for implementing a tunnel excavator having an auxiliary face plate provided with a waterjet nozzle according to the present invention, and the present invention is not limited to the above embodiment, but is claimed in the following claims. As will be apparent to those skilled in the art to which the present invention pertains without departing from the gist of the present invention, the technical spirit of the present invention will be described to the extent that various modifications can be made.

Claims (2)

A cutter cylinder for rotatably installed in front of the steel cylindrical front cylinder, and a plurality of steering jacks in the rear of the front cylinder and a cutter motor for driving the cutter head therein ( In a tunnel excavator consisting of a back cylinder provided with a cutter motor and a reducer, An insertion hole is eccentrically formed on the cutter head, and an auxiliary face plate is rotatably coupled to the insertion hole, and one or more waterjet nozzles for spraying high pressure water toward the membrane on the auxiliary face plate are eccentrically installed. Tunnel excavator with a subsurface plate is installed on the rear surface of the subsidiary plate is installed, characterized in that the cover to block the inflow of the soil is pushed through the opening of the cutter head. According to claim 1, wherein the auxiliary surface plate has a rotating shaft having a concentric shaft on the rear side, a rotating gear is formed on one outer peripheral surface of the rotating shaft, the planetary gear is eccentric to the rear side of the cutter head to be geared with the rotary gear The fixed shaft is rotatably installed, and the fixed shaft which is formed on the outer peripheral surface of the fixed gear gear coupled to the planetary gear on the rear side of the cutter head is rotatably installed, the end of the fixed shaft is the inside of the front cylinder Tunnel excavator having an auxiliary face plate is installed, characterized in that fixed to the waterjet nozzle.