JP2001115778A - Clogging prevention method for cutter face plate of shield machine - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a method for efficiently preventing a cutter face plate from being blocked when a shield machine encounters a clay ground, in the case that a shield tunneling method or a pipe-jacking method for laying a sewerage pipe or the like in the ground is implemented. SOLUTION: An injection hole 10 is formed to pierce the rotary shaft 8 of a shielding machine to the central fishtail of the cutter face plate at the front end and a plurality of ejecting holes 11 are radially provided on the surface of a cutter face plate in the fishtail to connect to the injection hole. An injection material is jetted out onto the surface of the face plate while rotating it together with the fishtail. A plurality of ejection holes are installed separately at the rear part of the fishtail. An external hole is formed to pierce the rotary shaft 8, an internal pipe is inserted in the external hole and connected to the ejection hole of the front end, the injection material may be emitted onto the surface of the cutter face plate without rotating the ejection hole.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a method for preventing blockage of a cutter face plate of a shield machine used in a shield method or a propulsion method.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art As a method of burying a pipeline under the road,
There is a shield construction method and a propulsion construction method, and this method forms a tunnel hole with a shield excavator from a starting shaft provided at one end,
It is a method of burying a sewer in the tunnel hole up to a predetermined position in the ground, it is not necessary to dig the road etc. where the pipe is buried, and it is effective in urban areas where traffic obstacles and living environment conservation are problematic The importance of this method is increasing year by year.

In recent years, there has been a great demand for long-distance shielded construction and propulsion construction, and construction using a shield excavator having good excavation efficiency has been widely used. In the excavation method of the shield excavator, a cutter face plate provided with a plurality of cutting bits is rotated at the tip of the shield excavator to advance while cutting the ground to form a tunnel hole. Excavated soil excavated by the cutter face plate is taken into the shield machine from an intake port provided in the cutter face plate, and is carried out of the shaft by a trocket, fluid transport, or the like through a duct connected to the rear.

[0004]

The method of embedding a sewer using the shield excavator described above makes it possible to perform efficient ground cutting with the cutter face plate of the shield excavator and to bury the sewer smoothly. Was. However, when the soil condition is clay ground, clay gradually adheres to the surface of the cutter face plate, and the height difference between the cutting bit and the surface of the cutter face plate disappears.
Without cutting the clay ground, the cutter face plate is in a state of rubbing, and propulsion construction becomes impossible. For this reason, in order to solve the adhesion of clay to the cutter face plate, a method of removing clay attached to the cutter face plate surface by piercing from the ground with a boring machine etc. to near the cutter face plate of the shield excavator and spraying high-pressure water is used. Have been.

[0005] In the above-mentioned solution using a bowling machine, every time clay frequently occurs, it is necessary to pierce the ground, and traffic is hindered on roads with heavy traffic such as urban areas. There is a problem that the drilling operation cannot be performed.

Accordingly, the present invention provides a shield machine capable of efficiently cleaning a cutter face plate of a shield machine without performing drilling work or the like from a road.

[0007]

That is, the present invention provides a shield shell, a cutter face plate rotatably attached to a front portion of the shield shell, a chamber provided behind the cutter face plate, In a method for preventing a cutter face plate from being closed, comprising a rotating shaft rotatably mounted in connection with the cutter face plate passing through a chamber, a fish tail in the center of the cutter face plate at a tip penetrating through the rotating shaft. A plurality of injection holes are provided in the fish tail portion on the surface of the cutter face plate connected to the injection hole, and the injection material is provided on the surface of the cutter face plate while rotating with the fish tail from the injection hole. This is a method for preventing a cutter face plate blockage of a shield machine to be injected.
In addition, the plurality of injection holes are separately installed behind a fish tail, penetrate an outer hole through the rotating shaft, and an inner tube is inserted into the outer hole and connected to a tip injection hole, This is a method of preventing a cutter face plate blockage of a shield machine which injects an injection material onto the surface of the cutter face plate without rotating an injection hole. Further, a cutter faceplate blockage of a shield excavator comprising a shield shell, a cutter faceplate rotatably attached to a front portion of the shield shell, and a rotation shaft connected to the cutter faceplate and rotatably installed. In the prevention method, an injection tube is attached to the outer wall surface or the inner wall surface of the outer shell up to the tip of the outer shell,
This is a method for preventing a cutter face plate from being blocked by a shield machine in which an injection material is sprayed onto a cutter face plate from a discharge hole provided at an end of an injection pipe.

[0008] The shield shell is made of a relatively strong steel material or the like so as to withstand the load due to earth pressure or water pressure. The filler has an outer diameter slightly larger than the outer diameter of the culvert, and the filler is injected into a gap formed by the outer diameter difference between the outer shell and the culvert.

The cutter face plate has a circular shape having an outer diameter substantially the same as the outer diameter of the shield shell, and a plurality of cutting bits mounted on the surface of the cutter face plate by rotating the cutter face plate to form a ground in front. Cut to form tunnel holes. The cut earth and sand is taken into the chamber in the shield machine from a plurality of inlets provided on the cutter face plate.

The rotary shaft connected to the front cutter face plate through the chamber penetrates the injection hole from the rear to the front fish tail portion, and is connected to the injection hole to form a plurality of radial jet holes in the fish tail portion. The injection material is sprayed while rotating together with the fish tail and the cutter face plate. For this reason, it is effective to arrange the ejection holes in accordance with the installation direction of the cutting bits so that the clay attached to the cutting bits can be efficiently removed. As an injection material injected from the orifice, in order to efficiently blow off the clay firmly attached to the cutting bit and face plate surface,
High pressure water or compressed air is used.

In the method in which the injection hole is separated from the fish tail portion and is not rotated, the injection material is injected without rotating the injection hole by being inserted into the outer hole of the rotating shaft and connected to an inner tube that does not rotate. Thus, the entire surface on the rotating cutter face plate can be cleaned.

As the injection pipe mounted on the outer wall surface or the inner wall surface of the shield outer shell, a pipe or the like may be fixed to the outer peripheral surface or the inner peripheral surface of the shield outer shell, or the pipe may be embedded in the shield outer shell. However, it is also possible to provide a mechanism for providing a groove, and the number can be changed from one to a plurality according to the pipe diameter. In the rear of the injection pipe, a method of connecting the injection pipe to the starting shaft along the outer wall surface of the shield excavator or the sewer may be used, but the work of connecting the injection pipe for each sewer during propulsion construction However, it is effective to take an injection pipe into the shield shell at an appropriate position behind the shield shell and inject the injection pipe into the shield machine.

By driving the driving machine to apply rotation to the rotating shaft, the cutter face plate at the tip of the shield excavator rotates, and the ground is cut by a cutting bit provided on the cutter face plate. With the rotation of the cutter face plate, the rear end of the shield machine is pressurized to advance the shield machine. In clay ground, clay gradually adheres to the surface of the cutter face plate, and the excavation efficiency of the shield excavator deteriorates. And blow off high pressure water radially to remove the clay attached to the surface of the cutter face plate, thereby enabling efficient cutting again. Also,
In the method of the injection pipe mounted on the outer wall surface or the inner wall surface of the shield outer shell, the injection material is supplied to the injection pipe from inside the shield machine, and the injection material is injected from the discharge hole at the tip to the front surface of the cutter face plate.

[0014]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view for explaining a method for preventing a cutter face plate blockage of a shield machine according to the present invention. A circular cutter face plate 3 having an outer diameter slightly larger than the outer diameter of the sewer to be buried, and having a diameter substantially equal to that of the shield outer shell 2 is provided at the tip of a cylindrical shield outer shell 2. ing. On the back surface of the cutter face plate 3, a chamber 6 is provided by a partition wall 5 provided so as to close the shield shell 2,
The excavated soil cut by the cutter face plate 3 is taken into the chamber 6, and the excavated soil is conveyed backward through the pipe.
In the center of the back of the cutter face plate 3, a driving device 9 installed at the rear is provided.
The rotation shaft 8 for transmitting the rotation of the rotation is connected. The rotating shaft 8 is supported by a bearing 7 fixed to the partition 5. In the center part of the rotating shaft 8, an injection hole 10 is formed from the rear to the center of the fish face 4 in the center of the cutter face plate 3.
Perforate. The cutter face plate 3 is connected to the injection hole 10.
An ejection hole 11 for ejecting an injection material radially on the surface of the fish tail 4 is provided in the fish tail 4 portion. A supply unit 12 for supplying high-pressure water or the like is provided in the injection hole 10 behind the rotation shaft 8, but the supply unit 12 connected to the injection hole 10 is not affected by the rotation of the rotation shaft 8. , A rotary joint and the like are installed to correspond. The injection hole 11 has a rotating shaft 8
In order to clean the same surface of the cutter face plate 3, the cutter bit is arranged in accordance with the installation direction of the cutting bit 14 provided near the intake 13.

In this embodiment, the shield excavator 1 equipped with a cone-shaped crusher for crushing gravel in the chamber 6 is disclosed. However, the shield excavator 1 for excavating ordinary sandy ground or the like is employed. It is also possible.

FIG. 2 is a front view illustrating a cutter face plate of the shield machine. The cutter face plate 3 is provided with inlets 13 at predetermined intervals in a circumferential direction for taking the cut excavated soil into the chamber 6. The number and size of the intakes 13 are changed according to soil conditions and the like. A plurality of cutting bits 14 are arranged on the cutter face plate 3 in the vicinity of the intake port 13 so that the ground in front of the cutter face plate 3 can be efficiently excavated. In the fish tail 4 at the center of the cutter face plate 3, a plurality of ejection holes 11 connected to the injection holes 10 of the rotating shaft 8 are provided radially around the fish tail 4. As for the direction of the injection hole 11, the injection hole 11 rotates in the same manner as the cutter face plate 3 to wash only the same portion, so that the cleaning of the cutting bit 14 arranged near the intake 13 is prioritized, and It is installed facing the direction of the bit 14.

By providing a check valve (not shown) in the injection hole 11, it is possible to prevent earth and sand from flowing back into the injection hole 11 due to groundwater or the like when injection of high-pressure water or the like is stopped. As the injection material injected from the injection holes 11, high-pressure water, muddy water, or compressed air is used in consideration of soil conditions and construction conditions in order to blow off the clay firmly attached to the surface of the cutter face plate 3.

FIG. 3 is a side view for explaining the fish tail in detail. Cutting bits 14 are arranged in a straight line at the tip of the fish tail 4 to cut the ground for the length of the fish tail 4. On the top of the tail cradle 15,
A plurality of injection holes 11 are provided radially from the center of the fish tail 4. Although the injection hole 11 discloses an embodiment in which a pipe or the like cut into a semicircle is fixed on the tail cradle 15, a structure in which a groove or a pipe is embedded in the tail cradle 15 is also possible. is there.

FIG. 4 is a longitudinal sectional view for explaining another embodiment-1 of the present invention. An outer hole 16 is passed through the center of the rotating shaft 8, and an inner tube 17 provided with a supply unit 12 at the rear end is inserted into the outer hole 16. The distal end of the inner pipe 17 is inserted into the injection hole 11 radially installed rearward, separated from the fish tail 4,
It is connected. Since the inner pipe 17 is inserted into the outer hole 16 with a margin and is completely separated from the rotating shaft 8, the rotating force of the rotating shaft 8 is not applied to the inner pipe 17 and the inner pipe 17 is stopped. It is in a state where it has been done. For this reason, the inner pipe 17
The injection hole 11 connected to the tip of the nozzle also injects the injection material in a fixed direction without rotating, but the surface of all the cutter face plates is efficiently cleaned because the cutter face plate 3 is rotating.

FIG. 5 is a longitudinal sectional view for explaining another embodiment-2 of the present invention. An injection pipe 18 is fixed to the inner wall surface of the outer shell 2 of the shield machine 1 along the axial direction up to the tip of the outer shell 2, and a discharge port 19 is provided at the tip of the injection pipe 18 with a discharge port 19 parallel to the cutter face plate 3. It is equipped towards the center. The rear end of the injection pipe 18 extends rearward of the partition wall 5 in the shield machine 1 and is connected to an injection pump (not shown). At this time, the cutter face plate 3 can be cleaned efficiently by locating the position of the cutter face plate 3 behind the inside of the shield machine 1 except for the outer peripheral portion of the cutter face plate 3.

In the present embodiment, the method of fixing the injection pipe 18 to the inner wall surface of the shield excavator outer shell 2 is disclosed, but the injection pipe 18 is fixed to the outer wall surface of the outer shell 2 and injected from the tip of the injection pipe 18. A method of spraying a material can also be used. The rear of the injection pipe 18 may be laid along the outer wall surface of the sewer, but at an appropriate point behind the shield shell 2, it is taken into the shield shell and installed in the sewer or the like. The method of connecting with is effective. As the injection pipe 18, a steel material or the like having relatively high strength so as to withstand injection pressure and wear to the ground is used.

By using the above-mentioned method of fixing the injection pipe 18 to the outer shell 2 of the shield machine 1 and the method of providing the injection hole 11 in the fish tail 4, more efficient cleaning of the cutter face plate 3 can be achieved. It becomes possible.

[0023]

As described above, according to the method for preventing blockage of the cutter face plate of the shield machine according to the present invention, a plurality of clays which are firmly attached to the surface of the cutter face plate and the cutting bit are radiated from the center of the fish tail. By spraying a high-pressure injection material from the injection hole, the attached clay is blown off, and the clay is stirred with the injection material by the cutter face plate to form a fluid excavated soil and taken into the shield machine. Also,
In the method of installing the injection pipe on the inner wall surface of the shield machine outer shell, the injection material is sprayed from the discharge port at the tip of the injection pipe toward the fish tail at the center of the cutter face plate to clean the surface of the cutter face plate and the cutting bit.

[0024]

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view illustrating a method for preventing a cutter face plate from being blocked by a shield machine according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a front view illustrating a cutter face plate of the shield machine.

FIG. 3 is a side view illustrating a fish tail in detail.

FIG. 4 is a longitudinal sectional view illustrating another embodiment-1 of the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a longitudinal sectional view illustrating another embodiment-2 of the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

 REFERENCE SIGNS LIST 1 shield excavator 2 outer shell 3 cutter face plate 4 fishtail 5 partition wall 6 chamber 7 bearing 8 rotating shaft 9 drive device 10 injection hole 11 injection hole 12 supply unit 13 intake port 14 cutting bit 15 tail pedestal 16 outer hole 17 inside Pipe 18 Injection pipe 19 Discharge port

Claims (3)

[Claims] 1. A shield shell, a cutter face plate rotatably attached to a front portion of the shield shell, a chamber provided behind the cutter face plate, and connected to the cutter face plate through the chamber. A shield shaft excavating machine equipped with a rotating shaft rotatably mounted and rotatably installed, wherein an injection hole is provided through the rotating shaft to a fish tail portion at the center of the cutter face plate at the tip. A shield excavation characterized in that a plurality of ejection holes are radially provided on the surface of the cutter face plate connected to the holes in the fish tail portion, and the injection material is ejected to the surface of the cutter face plate while rotating together with the fish tail from the ejection holes. To prevent blockage of the cutter face plate. 2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the plurality of injection holes are separated from a fish tail and installed rearward, and an outer hole penetrates through the rotating shaft.
The shield excavator according to claim 1, wherein an inner pipe is inserted into the outer hole to connect with an injection hole at a tip, and the injection material is injected to the surface of the cutter face plate without rotating the injection hole. Cutter faceplate blockage prevention method. 3. A shield machine comprising a shield shell, a cutter face plate rotatably attached to a front portion of the shield shell, and a rotation shaft rotatably connected to the cutter face plate. In the method for preventing blockage of the cutter face plate, an injection pipe is attached to an outer wall or an inner wall surface of the outer shell up to a tip of the outer shell, and an injection material is sprayed onto the cutter face plate from a discharge hole provided at the tip of the injection pipe. A method for preventing blockage of a cutter face plate of a shield machine.