JP4647891B2 - Shield machine - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a shield machine.

The earth and sand excavated by the cutter machine of the shield machine is kneaded in a chamber provided at the back of the cutter machine, and discharged through a mud pipe from an opening provided in the bulkhead located at the rear. Is.
However, when the mixing in the chamber is insufficient, or when the excavated soil a is a viscous soil, the excavated soil a may adhere to the inner surface of the chamber and block the mud pipe. .
Therefore, conventionally, as shown in FIG. 7, a jet pipe c that opens toward the inside of the chamber is provided on the wall surface of the bulkhead b, and muddy water, fresh water, or the like is jetted at high pressure, and the excavated sediment a that has adhered to the chamber is removed. It was washed away.
In this respect, the applicant has filed an invention in which either or both of a drainage pipe and a water supply pipe are piped on the back of the cutter device of the shield machine, and the suction port and the water suction port are opened in the chamber. (For example, Patent Document 1).
As another similar method, a method for preventing the cutter device face plate from being blocked is disclosed (for example, Patent Document 2).
JP-A-9-158679 JP 2001-115778 A

The above-described conventional shield machine has the following problems.
<1> Since the injected material can be injected only in a certain direction, the excavated sediment that has adhered to the other cannot be washed away.
<2> Although the jet pipes are placed on the bulkhead surface where the excavated sediment is likely to adhere, the fluid excavated sediment may adhere to other locations, and there are places where the jet pipe cannot be installed due to the structure. For this reason, the excavated sediment cannot be washed away completely.

In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the shield machine of the present invention has a chamber partitioned by a bulkhead on the back surface of the cutter device, and is configured to be configured to protrude into the chamber in the bulkhead. A shield machine in which a plurality of pipes are arranged and the injection material is sprayed from the injection pipe onto the adhering earth and sand in the chamber. The injection pipe has a first injection hole at the tip and a second injection hole at the peripheral surface. An outer tube having a first lid that closes the first injection hole and a second lid that closes the second injection hole, and is installed inside the outer tube so as to be movable in the axial direction of the outer tube; And an elastic body that suppresses the movement of the lid body, and the lid body includes the first lid and the first lid so as to block only one of the first injection hole and the second injection hole of the injection tube. A second lid is arranged, from the rear of the lid in the outer tube By supplying the input material and applying a pressing force to the extent that the elastic body is deformed through the lid body, the lid body moves from the second injection hole to the first injection hole, The injection direction of the injection material is configured to be changeable .

The shield machine according to the present invention is characterized in that, in the above invention, a spherical pedestal that rotatably configures a tube axis of an injection tube is disposed on the bulkhead, and the injection tube is attached to the spherical pedestal. Is.

The shield machine of the present invention can obtain at least one of the following effects by means for solving the above-described problems.
<1> The injection material is injected from the protruding injection tube into the chamber, and the injection direction of the injection material is not limited to one direction but is injected in all directions by the injection hole provided in the injection tube. Therefore, excavated earth and sand adhering to the chamber can be washed away in a wide range.
<2> Further, since the injection tube can inject the injection material while rotating, there is no blind spot in the injection direction of the injection material, and the excavated sediment can be washed away in a wide range.

  Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

<1> Overall Configuration The shield machine 10 according to the present invention includes a chamber 11 partitioned by a bulkhead 12 on the back surface of a cutter device 13. The excavated earth M is taken into the chamber 11 and the excavated earth M is removed. While mixing, it is a basic configuration in which it is discharged backward by a screw conveyor from a sludge pipe provided below the bulkhead 12 (FIG. 3).
The bulkhead 12 is provided with a required number of injection pipes 20, and the injection material is injected into the chamber 11 from the injection pipe 20, whereby the excavated sediment M attached to the inner surface of the chamber 11 can be washed away in a wide range. The injection tube 20 can be configured to protrude into the chamber 11, or the injection tube 20 can be provided with a rotation mechanism if necessary, or can be configured to have both functions.
Note that the injection tube 20 may be provided so as to protrude perpendicularly to the surface of the bulkhead 12 and provided with a rotation mechanism.
Hereinafter, each member will be described in detail.

<2> Injection Pipe The injection pipe 20 is a tube body that injects an injection material into the chamber 11, and is a member that injects the injection material from an injection hole 21 provided in the injection pipe 20.
The injection tube 20 can be used regardless of whether the cross-sectional shape is circular or rectangular, and a tube whose tip is formed in a tapered shape can also be used.

The injection hole 21 for discharging the injection material can be provided at the distal end portion or the peripheral surface of the injection tube 20 and the number and position thereof can be arbitrarily determined. For example, the injection hole 21 may be provided at a position facing the peripheral surface of the injection tube 20, or one injection hole 21 may be provided at each of the distal end portion and the peripheral surface. Further, the injection tube 20 can be made to spray in all directions by forming the tip of the injection tube 20 in a spherical shape and providing a plurality of injection holes 21, 21. )
The injection hole 21 can be provided not only perpendicularly to the wall of the injection tube 20 but also by changing the injection direction of the injection material by drilling at an angle.

The injection tube 20 can be configured to protrude into the chamber 11. For example, as shown in FIG. 1, a jet pipe 202 having an injection hole 21 is arranged inside a fixed pipe 201 fixed to the bulkhead 12, and a plate material 203 is attached to the rear side of the jet pipe 202 perpendicular to the pipe. Further, the plate member 203 may be provided with a telescopic jack 204 having a reaction force source at the other end to supply the injection material from the rear of the jet pipe 202. In such a form, when the jack 204 is extended, the jet pipe 202 can be protruded into the chamber 11 through the plate material 203. On the contrary, when the jack 204 is shortened, the protruding jet pipe 202 is configured to be housed in the fixed pipe 201. In the case of this configuration, it is preferable that a sealing material 205 is disposed in the gap between the inner surface of the fixed tube 201 and the outer surface of the jet tube 202 to prevent water or earth from entering from the chamber 11 side. In such a configuration, a conventional jet pipe may be used instead of the fixed pipe 201 provided in the bulkhead 12. Thereby, the manufacturing cost can be reduced.
When such a projecting mechanism is used, even when the excavated sediment M closes the opening of the fixed pipe 201, the excavated sediment M can be withdrawn by the projecting operation of the jet pipe 202, and the front of the excavated sediment M Since the surrounding excavated earth and sand M can be easily dropped starting from the collapse, it is not necessary to provide an injection material supply device having an excessively high supply capacity.

  The injection tube 20 can also be provided with a rotation mechanism around the tube axis. Thus, the injection material can be injected radially by merely providing a small number of injection holes 21 without providing a plurality of injection holes 21, 21... On the peripheral surface of the injection tube 20. Further, if the number of injection holes 21 provided in the injection pipe 20 is reduced, the injection material can be injected at a higher pressure, so that the excavated sediment M can be efficiently blown away. Such a rotation mechanism can be used in combination with the above-described protrusion mechanism. For example, the rotation mechanism can be configured by providing a gear or a cam at the rear of the above-described jet pipe 202 and rotating the same by the motor 206.

The injection direction of the injection material can be adjusted not only by the opening direction of the hole 21 provided in the injection tube 20 but also by the arrangement angle of the injection tube 20 protruding from the bulkhead 12 into the chamber 11. For example, as shown in FIG. 5, a spherical pedestal 50 configured to be rotatable on the bulkhead 12 is disposed so that a part thereof protrudes into the chamber 11 so that the injection tube 20 can protrude from the protrusion 51. Constitute. As a result, the projection angle of the injection tube 20 can be freely changed by the rotation of the spherical pedestal 50, and the injection material can be injected at any angle such as up / down / left / right, lower right, upper left.

<3> Injection Material The injection material is a liquid that is sprayed on the excavation soil M and removes the excavation soil M attached to the surface of the bulkhead 12 in the chamber 11 in particular. As this pouring material, for example, a mud material, water or the like can be used. When using the mud material, it is preferable to select a material that can excavate satisfactorily according to the type of excavated soil M. For example, when a scum or the like stays in the chamber 11, it is preferable to use a polymer-based vulcanized material having a high viscosity.

Further, the injection material to be injected is not limited to one material, and a plurality of types may be used depending on the purpose.
In addition to the purpose of removing the excavated sediment M, the injection material may have a function of preventing adhesion to the chamber 11 by using an adhesion prevention material.

Next, an embodiment of the shield machine 10 according to the present invention will be described.
In this example, the shield machine 10 in which three cutter devices are arranged in the vertical direction will be described as an example, but the present invention is not necessarily limited to this form.

<1> Arrangement of Injection Pipe FIG. 2 is a diagram in which the surface of the bulkhead 12 is projected from the front surface of the cutter device 13, and excavated earth and sand M retained on the surface of the bulkhead 12 and injection pipes at eight locations from the bottom to the center. An arrangement distribution with 20, 20,.
The injection tube 20 is attached to the surface of the bulkhead 12 substantially vertically by welding or the like, and the jet tube 202 constituting the injection tube 20 is configured to be able to rotate while projecting into the chamber 11.

<2> Protrusion of injection pipe The injection pipe 20 is protruded into the chamber 11 from the surface of the bulkhead 12 to which the excavated earth and sand M adheres. The protrusion of the injection tube 20 extends the jack 204 provided at the rear, and causes the jet tube 202 to protrude through the plate material 203 (FIG. 4). By this protrusion, the excavated earth and sand M adhering to the front of the injection pipe 20 can be collapsed without spraying the injection material.

After the jet pipe 202 is protruded by a required length, an injection material is fed and the injection material is injected from the injection hole 21 at a high pressure. The injection material is injected in a direction substantially perpendicular to the axial direction of the injection tube 20. Then, by rotating the jet pipe 202 while injecting the injection material, the excavated earth and sand M attached in a circular shape around the injection pipe 20 can be broken.
When the accumulated thickness of the excavated earth and sand M is thick, the excavated earth and sand M is collapsed by performing injection while adjusting the protruding amount of the jet pipe 202.
Thus, the injection material is sprayed from each injection pipe 20 and the excavated earth and sand M adhering to the surface of the bulkhead 12 is blown away.

As described above, the shield machine 10 having the chamber 11 can be used for, for example, an earth pressure type shield machine or an eccentric multi-axis shield machine, as described above.

As described above, the injection pipe 20 provided in the shield machine 10 described above is configured to inject the injection material at a substantially right angle with respect to the axial direction of the injection pipe 20, but is configured to be able to switch the injection direction of the injection material. An injection tube 30 can also be used.
The injection tube 30 of the present embodiment has two injection directions of the injection material, the axial direction of the injection tube 30 and the direction substantially perpendicular to the axial direction of the injection tube 30 depending on the supply pressure of the injection material to the injection tube 30. Can be switched at.
In addition, although the injection tube 30 of this form is provided substantially perpendicularly to the surface of the bulkhead 12 as in the first embodiment, the example has both the protruding mechanism and the rotating mechanism, but is not necessarily limited thereto. Absent.

<1> Configuration of other injection tubes (FIG. 6)
The injection tube 30 according to this embodiment includes an outer tube 31 having a tapered tip, a lid 32 that can move inside the outer tube 31, and an elastic body 33 that suppresses the movement of the lid 32.
The outer tube 31 is provided with a first injection hole 34 at the tip 311 and a second injection hole 35 at the peripheral surface 312, and the injection material can be discharged from the holes 34 and 35. The 2nd injection hole 35 provided in the surrounding surface of the outer tube | pipe 31 is provided facing the wall surface of the position distant from the front-end | tip part 311 of the outer tube | pipe 31 by equal distance, for example.

The lid 32 includes a first lid 321 that closes the first injection hole 34 of the outer tube 31, and a second lid 322 that closes the second injection hole 35 of the outer tube 31, and sandwiches the second lid 322. A pressure receiving plate 323 having a surface smaller than the inner diameter of the outer tube 31 that receives the supply pressure of the injection material is provided on the opposite side of the first lid 321, and each is integrally formed with a rod body 324.
The first lid 321 and the second lid 322 are disposed so as to block only one of the first injection hole 34 and the second injection hole 35 of the outer tube 31. That is, the distance between the first lid 321 and the second lid 322 is narrower than the distance between the first injection hole 34 and the second injection hole 35.

  For the first lid 321, for example, a truncated cone having a tapered outer shape along the inner surface of the outer tube 31 can be used, and for the second lid 322, one turn from the inner diameter of the outer tube 31. A tube formed by cutting a small tube perpendicular to the axial direction can be used. If the second lid 322 having such a shape is used, in addition to the role of closing the second injection hole 35, the second lid 322 also serves as a portion for guiding the lid 32 to slide.

The elastic body 33 is a member that suppresses the movement of the lid body 32 in the outer tube 31, and a spring, rubber, or the like can be used for this. When the elastic body 33 is disposed, for example, on the distal end side of the inner surface of the outer tube 31, a hole 325 into which the first cover 321 of the cover body 32 can be inserted is formed in the elastic body 33 along the axial direction. The lid body 32 is positioned inside, the distal end side of the elastic body 33 is disposed on the protrusion 313 of the outer tube 31, and the rear side of the elastic body 33 may be attached to the lid body 32.

<2> Principle When the injection material is fed from the end portion of the injection tube 30, the injection material passes through the outer tube 31 and is injected from the tip portion 311 toward the axial direction of the injection tube 30 (FIG. 6A). ).
As the pressure supplied by the injection material is increased gradually, the pressing force applied to the pressure receiving plate 323 increases, and as a result, the force applied to the elastic body 33 through the lid 32 increases.
When the pressing force applied to the elastic body 33 is increased and the shape of the elastic body 33 is deformed, the lid body 32 starts to move toward the distal end portion 311 side of the outer tube 31.
When the lid body 32 moves, the second lid 322 also moves simultaneously, and the second injection hole 35 opens (FIG. 6B). At the same time, the first lid 321 moves to the tip 311 side, and the first injection hole 34 is closed.
Thus, the injection direction of the injection material is switched from the axial direction of the injection tube 30 to a direction substantially perpendicular to the axis. That is, the injection tube 30 of this embodiment can freely switch the injection direction of the injection material according to the supply pressure of the injection material.
Further, if the supply pressure of the injection material is reduced from this state, the shape of the elastic body 33 is restored to the original state, and the lid body 32 pushed back to the rear side of the outer tube 31 is again in the second injection hole 35. The injection direction of the injection material is changed to the axial direction.
By this switching, not only the excavated earth and sand M located in front of the injection pipe 30 but also the excavated earth and sand adhering in a substantially right angle direction can be blown away.

Note that the distal end portion 311 of the outer tube 30 is not necessarily formed in a taper shape, and a plate material that is formed in a cylindrical shape as a whole and provided with holes corresponding to the first injection holes 34 around the end portion is disposed. (Not shown).

Explanatory drawing of the Example of the shield machine of this invention. Projection view from the front of the shield machine. A side sectional view of a shield machine. Explanatory drawing which is injecting injection material from an injection pipe. The figure which showed the injection tube of other forms. The figure which showed the injection tube of other forms. Explanatory drawing of the Example of the conventional shield machine.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 ... Shield machine 11 ... Chamber 12 ... Bulkhead 13 ... Cutter apparatus 20, 30 ... Injection pipe 31 ... Outer pipe 311 ... tip part 312 ... peripheral surface 32 ... ..Cover 33 ... Elastic body 34 ... First injection hole 35 ... Second injection hole 50 ... Spherical pedestal

Claims (2)

A back surface of the cutter device has a chamber partitioned by a bulkhead, and a plurality of injection pipes configured to protrude into the chamber are arranged on the bulkhead, and an injection material is attached to the bulk sediment from the injection pipe. A shield machine that injects into
The injection tube has a first injection hole at the tip and an outer tube having a second injection hole on the peripheral surface;
A lid having a first lid for closing the first injection hole and a second lid for closing the second injection hole, which is installed in the outer pipe so as to be movable in the axial direction of the outer pipe;
An elastic body that suppresses the movement of the lid,
The lid is arranged with the first lid and the second lid so as to block only either the first injection hole or the second injection hole of the injection tube,
By supplying an injection material into the outer tube from the rear of the lid and applying a pressing force to the elastic body through the lid, the lid is injected from the second injection hole into the first injection. The position for closing to the hole is moved, and the injection direction of the injection material is configured to be changeable,
Shield machine. The shield machine according to claim 1, wherein a spherical pedestal that rotatably configures a pipe axis of an injection pipe is disposed on the bulkhead, and the injection pipe is attached to the spherical pedestal.

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