KR20030009594A - Evaporator and refrigerator - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE: An evaporator and a freezer are provided to improve cooling efficiency and heat exchange efficiency by transferring heat to thermoelectric tubes from the evaporator effectively with reducing bubbles around thermoelectric tubes. CONSTITUTION: A freezer comprises a condenser(10) condensing and liquefying refrigerant, an expansion valve(11) decompressing refrigerant, an evaporator(12) cooling water and evaporating refrigerant, and a compressor(13) compressing and supplying evaporated refrigerant to the condenser. Plural thermoelectric tubes(15) are arranged in the evaporator to circulate water to a container(14), and divided into plural tube groups. Tube groups are spaced and separated from each other, and zigzagged. Deterioration of heat transfer is restricted by reducing bubbles between tube groups, and cooling and heat exchange efficiencies are improved.

Description

Evaporator and Freezer {EVAPORATOR AND REFRIGERATOR}

The present invention relates to an evaporator for cooling an object to be cooled by performing heat exchange between an object to be cooled (for example, water, brine, etc.) and a refrigerant, and a refrigerator having the evaporator.

For example, in a large-scale structure such as a building, cold water cooled by a freezer is circulated through a pipe installed in the structure, and the air is cooled by exchanging heat with air in each space.

An example of the evaporator provided in the refrigerator is shown in FIG. The evaporator has a structure in which a plurality of heat transfer tubes 2 for circulating cold water are bundled in a zigzag shape and piped in a cylindrical container 1 into which a refrigerant is introduced. The heat exchanger tube 2 is divided into an outlet side heat exchanger tube communicating with the cold water inlet 3 and an inlet side heat exchanger tube communicating with the cold water outlet 4, and the cold water introduced from the cold water inlet 3 is discharged in the container 1. After passing through the heat transfer tube, the water chamber (not shown) is returned, and again passes through the inlet side heat transfer tube in the vessel 1 and flows out of the cold water outlet 4. In this process, the cold water is cooled by performing heat exchange with the refrigerant introduced into the container 1, and the other refrigerant loses heat to the cold water and boils it to vaporize.

By the way, in the conventional evaporator, since many heat exchanger tubes are bundled together, the refrigerant boiled around the heat exchanger tube located in the lower part of a container becomes a bubble, and it floats on the heat transfer tube located above and floats the liquid weight, There is a tendency that the liquid refrigerant is not sufficiently supplied around the upper heat transfer tube. Therefore, there exists a problem that the heat transfer rate in the heat exchanger tube arrange | positioned especially near the center (part corresponding to a core) of a bundle becomes low compared with the heat exchanger tube arrange | positioned around.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and an object thereof is to improve a heat transfer rate of an evaporator by improving the release of bubbles of refrigerant boiled in a container, thereby providing a refrigerator having high cooling efficiency.

As a means for solving the said subject, the evaporator and the freezer of the following structures are employ | adopted. That is, the evaporator according to the present invention is composed of a plurality of heat transfer tubes for circulating the object to be cooled in a container into which the refrigerant is introduced, and is configured to perform heat exchange between the refrigerant and the object to be cooled to provide the object. In the evaporator which simultaneously cools and vaporizes the refrigerant, the heat transfer tubes are divided into a plurality of tube groups, and the tube groups are separated from each other.

In this evaporator, the heat transfer tube is divided into a plurality of tube groups, and the tube groups are separated and arranged so that air bubbles generated around the heat transfer tube located at a relatively lower side escape through the tube group and the tube group, and are present in the tube group. Bubble to say decreases. Thereby, since the bubble which affects the heat exchanger tube arrange | positioned near the center of a tube group becomes small, the fall of a heat transfer rate is suppressed.

In addition, the liquid refrigerant introduced into the container generates a flow, and the refrigerant flows easily by arranging the pipe groups separately from each other. As a result, the contact between the refrigerant liquid and the heat transfer tube is promoted, and the heat transfer rate can be improved.

Further, in the evaporator, the plurality of pipe groups are arranged in a zigzag shape.

In an evaporator having a structure in which a liquid refrigerant is introduced at the bottom of the vessel, vaporized, and flows out from the top, the liquid refrigerant tends to flow upward in the vessel. Therefore, in this evaporator, by arranging the tube groups in a zigzag shape, the contact between the refrigerant liquid flowing upward and the heat transfer tube is promoted, and the heat transfer rate can be improved.

In the evaporator, a gap in which the heat transfer tube is not disposed is formed in the tube group.

In this evaporator, by forming a gap in the tube group, bubbles in the vicinity of the center of the tube group tend to escape. Thereby, the bubble which affects the heat exchanger tube arrange | positioned near the center of a tube group is small, and the fall of a heat transfer rate is suppressed.

In the evaporator, the heat transfer tubes are arranged in a zigzag shape in all the tube groups.

As mentioned above, the liquid refrigerant introduced into the vessel generates a flow. Therefore, in the evaporator, the heat transfer tubes are also arranged in a zigzag shape, so that the refrigerant flows easily even in the group of tubes, and the contact between the refrigerant liquid and the heat transfer tubes is promoted, and the heat transfer rate can be improved.

Further, in the evaporator, heat transfer tubes belonging to the tube group located at the top of the vessel are sparsely arranged in comparison with heat transfer tubes belonging to the tube group located at the bottom.

In this evaporator, when bubbles generated around the heat transfer tubes of the tube group located in the lower part of the vessel pass through the tube group located in the upper part, the heat transfer tubes belonging to the tube group are sparsely arranged in comparison with the lower tube group. Bubbles tend to escape between the heat transfer tubes belonging to the pipe group located at. Thereby, the fall of the heat transfer rate of the pipe group located in the upper part is suppressed.

In the refrigerator according to the present invention, a plurality of heat pipes for distributing the object to be cooled are arranged in a bundle in a container into which a refrigerant is introduced, and performing heat exchange between the refrigerant and the object to be cooled to cool the object to be cooled. Simultaneously with the evaporator for evaporating the refrigerant, a compressor for compressing the vaporized refrigerant located in the evaporator, a condenser for condensing and liquefying the compressed refrigerant, and circulating the liquefied refrigerant to the evaporator. And an expansion valve for reducing the pressure.

In this refrigerator, as described above, the heat transfer rate of the heat transfer tube in the evaporator is increased, and as a result, the heat exchange efficiency is increased. Thus, even if energy consumption is suppressed, the same performance as conventional, in particular, cooling efficiency can be obtained.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS The figure which shows 1st Embodiment which concerns on this invention, and is a schematic block diagram of a refrigerator,

2 is a cross-sectional view of the evaporator (II-II cross section in FIG. 1),

3 shows an arrangement of heat transfer tubes in an evaporator;

4 is a sectional view of an evaporator showing a second embodiment according to the present invention;

5 is a sectional view of an evaporator showing another example of the second embodiment according to the present invention;

6 is a sectional view of an evaporator showing a third embodiment according to the present invention;

7 is a sectional view of an evaporator showing a fourth embodiment according to the present invention;

8 is a sectional view of an evaporator showing still another embodiment according to the present invention;

9 is a sectional view of an evaporator showing still another embodiment according to the present invention;

10 is a cross-sectional view of a conventional evaporator provided in the refrigerator.

<Explanation of symbols for main parts of drawing>

10 condenser 11 expansion valve

12 evaporator 13: compressor

14 container 15 heat transfer tube

16: refrigerant inlet 17: refrigerant outlet

A first embodiment of an evaporator and a freezer according to the present invention will be described with reference to Figs.

The schematic structure of a refrigerator is shown in FIG. The refrigerator shown in the figure performs a heat exchange between the cooling water and the gaseous refrigerant, a condenser 10 for condensing and liquefying the refrigerant, an expansion valve 11 for depressurizing the condensed refrigerant, a condensed refrigerant and cold water (cold cooling). And an evaporator 12 for evaporating and vaporizing the refrigerant, and a compressor 13 for compressing the vaporized refrigerant and then supplying it to the condenser. The cold water produced by the evaporator 12 in the freezer is used to control the air of the building.

The evaporator 12 has a plurality of heat transfer tubes 15 for circulating cold water in a cylindrical vessel 14 into which a refrigerant is introduced (shown briefly in FIG. 1), and is piped in the longitudinal direction of the vessel 14. It is. The heat exchanger tube 15 is divided into an outlet side heat exchanger tube communicating with the cold water inlet 16 and an inlet side heat exchanger tube communicating with the cold water outlet 17, and connected to the cold water inlet 16 and a cold water outlet 17. In communicating pipelines, the cold water flows in different directions.

2 is a cross-sectional view of the evaporator 12. The heat exchanger tube 15 is divided into nine tube groups A to I in the lower half of the container 14, and the tube groups A to I are separated from each other by adjacent tube groups and are arranged in a zigzag shape. . In detail, the tube groups A to E are arranged horizontally, under which the tube groups F to I are arranged horizontally, and at the same time, they are arranged in a zigzag shape by being horizontally offset with respect to the tube groups A to E. It is.

In addition, in all the tube groups A-I, about 100 heat exchanger tubes are arrange | positioned, and the heat exchanger tubes 15 are arrange | positioned in zigzag form in these tube groups A-I. In this case as well, the heat transfer tubes 15 arranged in multiple stages up and down are offset from side to side in each stage to form a zigzag arrangement.

In addition, as shown in FIG. 3, when the diameter of the heat exchanger tube 15 arrange | positioned in the zigzag form is D, the space | interval of adjacent heat exchanger tube 15 comrades will be 1.15D.

In the evaporator 12 configured as described above, the heat transfer tubes 15 are divided into tube groups A to I, and the tube groups are separated from each other to be arranged so that the surroundings of the heat transfer tube 15 are relatively lower in each tube group. Bubbles from the tube group rise and float between the tube group and the tube group, thereby reducing the bubbles present in the tube group. Thereby, since the bubble which affects the heat exchanger tube 15 arrange | positioned near the center of a tube group becomes small, the fall of a heat transfer rate is suppressed.

In addition, the container 14 has a structure in which the liquid refrigerant is introduced from the lower portion and vaporized to flow out of the container 14 from the top, and the introduced refrigerant tends to flow upward in the container 14, but By arranging the pipe groups separately from each other, the refrigerant flows easily, and the contact between the refrigerant and the cold water is promoted, and the heat transfer rate can be improved.

In addition, by arranging the pipe groups A to I in a zigzag shape, the heat pipes 15 are also arranged in a zigzag shape in each pipe group A to I, so that the contact between the refrigerant liquid flowing upward and the heat transfer pipe is promoted. Thus, the heat transfer rate can be improved.

As described above, when the evaporator 12 is configured as described above, the heat transfer rate can be increased, whereby the cooling efficiency of the refrigerator can be increased.

In addition, in the present embodiment, the heat pipe 15 is divided into nine tube groups A to I, but they are divided into a smaller number of tube groups depending on the size of the evaporator or the performance to be exerted, or vice versa. You may share. In addition, although the space | interval of the heat exchanger tubes 15 adjacent to each other in the horizontal direction was set to 1.15D, it is not necessarily limited to this, It can select according to various conditions.

Next, a second embodiment of an evaporator and a refrigerator according to the present invention will be described with reference to Figs. In addition, the same code | symbol is attached | subjected to the component already demonstrated in the said 1st Example, and description is abbreviate | omitted.

4 is a cross-sectional view of the evaporator 12. As shown in the figure, in the evaporator 12 of the present embodiment, the heat transfer tubes 15 are arranged in the tube groups A to E in a so-called lattice arrangement. In addition, the pipe groups F to I have the same zigzag arrangement as in the first embodiment.

In addition, the space | interval of the heat exchanger tubes 15 which adjoin the horizontal direction in the tube group A-E is set to 1.15D, and the space | interval of the upper and lower sides of the heat exchanger tube 15 is set to 2D-3D. In addition, the space | interval of the heat exchanger tubes 15 adjacent to each other in the up-down direction in the pipe | tube group F-I is set narrower than the space | interval of the up-down direction of the heat-transfer tube 15 in pipe | tube group A-E. In other words, the heat transfer tubes 15 belonging to the pipe groups A to E are sparsely arranged in comparison with the heat transfer tubes 15 belonging to the pipe groups F to I.

In the evaporator 12 comprised as mentioned above, when the bubble which generate | occur | produced around the heat exchanger tube 15 of the tube group F-I passes through the tube group A-E, these tube groups A-E are connected to it. Since the heat transfer tubes 15 belonging are sparsely arranged in comparison with the pipe groups F to I, bubbles are likely to escape between the heat transfer tubes 15 belonging to the pipe groups A to E, and the decrease in the heat transfer rate is suppressed. .

As described above, the heat transfer rate can also be increased by the evaporator 12 in the present embodiment, whereby the cooling efficiency of the refrigerator can be improved.

In the present embodiment, the heat transfer tubes 15 of the tube groups A to E are lattice-shaped, and are arranged in sparse than the heat transfer tubes 15 of the tube groups F to I, but the tube groups A to E A sparse arrangement may be made with any or all of the heat transfer pipes 15) in a zigzag shape.

5 is a cross-sectional view showing another example of the evaporator 12 of the present embodiment. In the tube groups A 'to L', the heat transfer tubes 15 are arranged in a zigzag shape as in the first embodiment.

In the pipe groups A 'to F', the interval between the heat transfer pipes 15 adjacent to each other in the horizontal direction is set to 1.15D. In the pipe groups G 'to L', the interval between the heat transfer tubes 15 adjacent to each other in the vertical direction is set to be narrower than the interval in the vertical direction of the heat transfer tubes 15 in the tube groups A 'to F'. It is. In other words, the heat transfer tubes 15 belonging to the tube groups A 'to F' are sparsely arranged in comparison with the heat transfer tubes 15 belonging to the tube groups G 'to L'.

In the evaporator 12 in which the heat transfer tubes 15 are arranged as described above, the tube groups A 'to F' and the tube groups G 'to L' are arranged in a lattice shape.

With the above configuration, when bubbles generated around the heat transfer tubes 15 of the tube groups G 'to L' pass through the tube groups A 'to F', they belong to these tube groups A 'to F'. Since the heat exchanger tube 15 is sparsely arranged compared with the tube group G'-L ', a bubble is easy to escape between the heat exchanger tubes 15 which belong to a tube group A'-L', and the heat transfer rate falls Is suppressed. Therefore, the heat transfer rate can be increased, thereby increasing the cooling efficiency of the refrigerator.

In the above configuration, the heat transfer tubes 15 of the tube groups A 'to F' are arranged in sparse than the heat transfer tubes 15 of the tube groups G 'to L', but the heat transfer tubes of the tube groups A 'to L' are arranged. A sparse arrangement may be made while any of (15) or the entire heat transfer pipe 15 is arranged in a zigzag shape.

Next, a third embodiment of the evaporator and the refrigerator according to the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. In addition, the same code | symbol is attached | subjected to the component already demonstrated in each said embodiment, and description is abbreviate | omitted.

6 is a cross-sectional view of the evaporator 12. As shown in the figure, in the evaporator 12 of the present embodiment, the heat transfer tubes 15 are divided into four tube groups J to M arranged in the horizontal direction, and a gap penetrating up and down is formed between each tube group. . This space is formed by alternately removing two or three predetermined heat transfer tubes 15 in a case where the heat transfer tubes 15 are bundled together in a zigzag arrangement as in the related art. It is called).

In the pipe groups J and M, a gap in which the heat transfer pipes 15 are not disposed is formed in parallel with the removal rows 20. This gap is also formed in the same manner as the removal column 20 so as to remove one or two predetermined heat transfer tubes 15 alternately, so that this will be referred to as auxiliary removal column 21 below.

In the evaporator 12 configured as described above, the removal heat 20 and the auxiliary removal heat 21 are formed so that bubbles generated around the heat transfer pipe 15 in the lower portion of the pipe groups J to M are removed. ) Or emerge from the secondary removal column 21. Thereby, since the bubble which affects the heat exchanger tube 15 arrange | positioned in the center and upper part vicinity of a tube group becomes small, the fall of a heat transfer rate is suppressed.

Next, a fourth embodiment of the evaporator and the freezer according to the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. In addition, the same code | symbol is attached | subjected to the component already demonstrated in each said embodiment, and description is abbreviate | omitted.

7 is a cross-sectional view of the evaporator 12. As shown in the figure, in the evaporator 12 of the present embodiment, the semi-auxiliary removal column 22 which does not fall up and down unlike the auxiliary elimination columns 21 in the tube groups J and M is connected to the auxiliary elimination columns 21. It is formed similarly.

In the evaporator 12 configured as described above, by forming the semi-auxiliary removal heat 22, air bubbles in the vicinity of the center of the pipe groups J and M are likely to escape and near the center of the pipe groups J and M. Since the bubble which affects the heat exchanger tube 15 arrange | positioned at is reduced, the fall of a heat transfer rate is suppressed. Further, this semi-auxiliary removal column 22 may be disposed anywhere in the tube groups J to M. FIG.

Other embodiments will be briefly described below.

8 is an example in which the semi-auxiliary elimination rows 22 are formed below the tube groups J and M. FIG. 9 shows an example in which a smaller auxiliary removal column 23 is formed obliquely upward as extending a branch from the auxiliary removal column 21. It is preferable that these various arrangement patterns are suitably selected according to the size of the evaporator and the performance to be exhibited.

In each of the above embodiments, it goes without saying that a dimple tube, a finned tube, or any other type of tube material can be used for the heat transfer tube 15.

In addition, in each of the above embodiments, the cold water has been described as an example of the structure of reciprocating once in the evaporator, the evaporator according to the present invention flows in one direction, reciprocating a plurality of times, reciprocating from one side It is a technique that can be applied to evaporators of all structures, such as outflow from the other side.

In the evaporator according to the present invention, by dividing the heat transfer tube into a plurality of tube groups, and by separating the tube groups apart from each other, bubbles generated around the heat transfer tube located at a relatively lower side escape through the tube group and the tube group and rise, Bubbles present in the group are reduced, whereby the bubbles affecting the heat transfer tubes arranged near the center of the tube group are reduced, thereby reducing the heat transfer rate.

In addition, in the refrigerator of the present invention, the heat transfer rate of the heat transfer tube in the evaporator is increased, and as a result, the heat exchange efficiency is increased. Thus, even if energy consumption is suppressed, there is an effect of obtaining the same performance as conventional, in particular, cooling efficiency.

Claims (6)

In the container into which the refrigerant is introduced, a plurality of heat transfer tubes for circulating the object to be cooled are arranged in a bundle. The refrigerant is cooled by performing heat exchange between the refrigerant and the object to be cooled. In the vaporizing evaporator, The heat transfer pipe is divided into a plurality of pipe groups, characterized in that the pipe groups are arranged separated from each other. evaporator. The method of claim 1, The plurality of pipe groups are arranged in a zigzag shape evaporator. The method of claim 1, A gap in which the heat pipes are not disposed is formed in the pipe group. evaporator. The method of claim 1, The heat transfer pipes are arranged in a zigzag shape in all pipe groups evaporator. The method of claim 1, The heat transfer tube belonging to the tube group located in the upper portion of the container is sparsely arranged in comparison with the heat transfer tube belonging to the tube group located in the lower portion. evaporator. In the freezer, In the container into which the refrigerant is introduced, a plurality of heat transfer tubes for circulating the object to be cooled are arranged in a bundle. The refrigerant is cooled by performing heat exchange between the refrigerant and the object to be cooled. A vaporizing evaporator, a compressor for compressing the refrigerant evaporated in the evaporator, a condenser for condensing and liquefying the compressed refrigerant, and an expansion valve for depressurizing the refrigerant in a process of circulating the liquefied refrigerant to the evaporator. Characterized by Freezer.