KR200214013Y1 - Air-conditioning and heating apparatus with low compression load - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a low-compression load type air-conditioning apparatus, comprising a first and a second auxiliary expander for changing a high-temperature high-pressure refrigerant to a low-temperature low pressure and a part of the refrigerant flowing into the expander after evaporation By introducing into the compressor through the heat exchange evaporation circuit through the first or second auxiliary expander can reduce the temperature and compression load of the refrigerant flowing into the compressor.

To this end, the present invention has an indoor unit, an outdoor unit, a compressor, and an expander, and in a cooling and heating device capable of selectively cooling and heating, the refrigerant condensed in the indoor unit 420 or the outdoor unit 440 is an evaporation circuit for heat exchange. A portion of the refrigerant introduced into the expander 410 and introduced into the expander 410 is changed from the auxiliary expander to the low temperature low pressure, and the refrigerant discharged from the auxiliary expander and the outdoor unit 440 or the indoor unit 420. After the evaporation from the mixed heat exchanger in the expander 410 is configured to be introduced into the compressor 430.

Description

Air-conditioning and heating apparatus with low compression load

The present invention relates to a low compression load type air-conditioning apparatus, and more specifically, the first and second auxiliary expanders for changing the high temperature and high pressure refrigerant to low temperature and low pressure, and configured to further include an evaporation circuit for heat exchange and then introduced into the expander after evaporation. A low compression load type air-conditioning and heating device can reduce the temperature and the compression load of the refrigerant flowing into the compressor by allowing a portion of the refrigerant to be introduced into the compressor through the heat exchange evaporation circuit through the first or second auxiliary expander. will be.

In general, the air conditioner maintains the basic cycle of refrigerant consisting of evaporation, compression, condensation and expansion, but during cooling, the indoor air is taken away by the refrigerant that is evaporated, and the heat is released by the outdoor air that is condensed. In addition, during heating, the path of the refrigerant can be varied by operation of valves so as to take the heat of the outside by the refrigerant of the outdoor unit to be evaporated and to release heat to the room by the refrigerant of the indoor unit to be condensed.

In more detail, the air conditioner, which is a class of the air conditioner using the phase change of the refrigerant, e.g. evaporation and condensation, includes an indoor unit disposed indoors with a heat exchanger having a predetermined capacity, and a heat exchanger having a predetermined capacity. The outdoor unit disposed outdoors in a built-in state is configured to compress the refrigerant introduced at a low pressure and discharge it at a high pressure. Usually, the compressor embedded in the outdoor unit and the refrigerant introduced at a high pressure are discharged at a low pressure due to noise or the like. It is configured to include an inflator typically embedded in the indoor unit. And, by connecting these components to each other, pipes for circulating the refrigerant to have a predetermined path, valves for mounting and opening and closing the flow of the refrigerant in the necessary portion of the pipe, and the refrigerant and / Or sensors for sensing air temperature and / or pressure, and a controller for supplying power, receiving signals, and controlling the compressor, valves, and sensors.

The air conditioner having such a configuration typically selects cooling or heating from the control unit that is mounted and operable in an indoor unit, and by this selection, the control unit controls the valves mounted on the pipes, thereby providing a refrigerant path suitable for cooling or heating. To secure.

First, when cooling is selected, low-temperature, low-pressure, mostly liquid refrigerant flows into the indoor unit, evaporates, takes heat away from the room, and the refrigerant discharged from the indoor unit is compressed to high temperature and high pressure in the compressor, and the refrigerant discharged from the compressor. Is introduced into the outdoor unit and condenses to release heat to the outside, and the refrigerant discharged from the outdoor unit expands in the expander and forms a cycle of entering the indoor unit.

Next, when heating is selected, the high temperature and high pressure gaseous refrigerant flows into the indoor unit to condense and release heat to the room, and the refrigerant discharged from the indoor unit is expanded to low temperature and low pressure in the expander and then discharged to the outdoor unit. The outdoor unit takes the outdoor heat and discharges it to the compressor while evaporating the low temperature low pressure refrigerant, and the compressor forms a cycle of compressing the refrigerant at high temperature and high pressure and introducing it into the indoor unit.

However, in such a conventional air conditioner, the refrigerant flowing into the compressor at the time of cooling and heating is in an overheated steam state in which the temperature is excessively raised, which causes the internal components of the compressor to be deteriorated, thereby degrading the service life.

In addition, the state of the coolant is to reduce the efficiency of the compressor to cause a problem that the cooling and heating efficiency of the air conditioner.

The present invention has been made to solve such a conventional problem, the object is to further include a first and second auxiliary expander and a heat exchange evaporation circuit for changing the refrigerant of high temperature and high pressure to low temperature low pressure to evaporator after evaporation A low compression load type air-conditioning unit is designed to reduce the temperature and the compression load of the refrigerant flowing into the compressor by allowing a part of the refrigerant to flow through the evaporation circuit for heat exchange through the first or second auxiliary expander. In providing.

1 is a block diagram showing an embodiment of the present invention with a refrigerant flow at the time of cooling;

2 is a block diagram showing an embodiment of the present invention with a refrigerant flow during heating;

3 is a configuration diagram showing a modification to the embodiment of the present invention; to be.

Explanation of symbols on the main parts of the drawings

410: Inflator

420: indoor unit

430: Compressor

440: outdoor unit

450: first evaporation circuit

455: first bypass piping

460: second evaporation circuit

465: 2nd bypass piping

471: first auxiliary expander

472: second auxiliary expander

The present invention as a technical configuration for achieving the above object, in the air-conditioning device having an indoor unit, an outdoor unit, a compressor and an expander, and capable of selectively cooling and heating, the refrigerant condensed in the indoor unit or the outdoor unit for heat exchange A portion of the refrigerant flowing into the expander through the evaporation circuit and introduced into the expander is changed from the auxiliary expander to low temperature low pressure, and the refrigerant discharged from the auxiliary expander and the refrigerant heat-exchanged in the expander after being evaporated in the outdoor unit or indoor unit. By mixing the supply to the compressor by providing a low compression load type heating and cooling device.

Hereinafter, an embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

1 is a block diagram showing an embodiment of a low compression load type air conditioner according to the present invention, the present air conditioner 400 is a conventional inflator 410, the indoor unit 420 built-in a heat exchanger, It includes a compressor 430 for compressing a low-pressure refrigerant to high pressure, and an outdoor unit 440 built in the heat exchanger and disposed outdoors.

First and second evaporation circuits 450 and 460 are disposed between the inflator 410 and the outdoor unit 440 and between the inflator 410 and the indoor unit 420, respectively, and the first and second evaporation circuits. Each of the 450 and 460 has housings 451 and 461 incorporating heat exchangers 452 and 462, and the heat exchanger 452 is a refrigerant flow path between the expander 410 and the outdoor unit 440. The heat exchanger 462 provides a refrigerant passage between the expander 410 and the indoor unit 420. In each of the housings 451 and 461, a plurality of refrigerant inlets 453a, 453b, 463a, and 463b and one refrigerant outlet 453c and 463c are formed, respectively. After the refrigerant flowing through the (453b) (463a) and 463b is exchanged with the refrigerant moving through the outer surface of the heat exchanger (452) (462) to the internal flow path of the heat exchanger (452) (462). The refrigerant is discharged through the outlets 453c and 463c.

A first connection pipe 454 connecting the inflator 410 and the first evaporation circuit 450 and a second connection pipe 464 connecting the inflator 410 and the second evaporation circuit 460; The first and second bypass pipes 455 and 465 are branched, respectively, and the first and second bypass pipes 455 and 465 are provided with flow control valves 455a and 465a. It is connected to one side of the auxiliary expanders (471, 472), respectively, the other side of the first and second auxiliary expanders (471, 472) is the refrigerant inlet (1) of the first and second evaporation circuit (450, 460) 453a and 463a, respectively, expand the refrigerant introduced through the first and second bypass pipes 455 and 465 to supply the first and second evaporation circuits 450 and 460.

In addition, one side of the first and second high temperature refrigerant inlet pipes 456 and 466 is connected to the other refrigerant inlets 453b and 463b of the first evaporation circuit 450 and the second evaporation circuit 460, respectively. Each of the refrigerant discharge ports 453c and 463c is connected to one side of the low temperature refrigerant supply pipe 491 via the first and second low temperature refrigerant discharge pipes 457 and 467, and the low temperature refrigerant supply pipe ( The other side of 491 is connected to the refrigerant inlet of the compressor 430 via the first compressor pipe 494.

Of course, each of the first and second high temperature coolant inlet pipes 456 and 466 and the first and second low temperature coolant discharge pipes 457 and 467 are flow control valves 456a, 466a and 457a ( 467a).

The first high temperature refrigerant inlet pipe 456 is branched from the first refrigerant pipe 492, and one side of the first refrigerant pipe 492 is connected to the first refrigerant inlet and outlet 411 of the expander 410. The other side is branched from the second compressor pipe 295 of the refrigerant discharge port side of the compressor 430. In addition, the first refrigerant pipe 492 is equipped with a flow control valve (492a) between the portion connected to the first high temperature refrigerant inlet pipe 456 and the branch portion from the second compressor pipe (495).

The second high temperature refrigerant inlet pipe 467 is branched from the second refrigerant pipe 493, and one side of the second refrigerant pipe 493 is connected to the second refrigerant inlet and outlet 412 of the expander 410. The other side is connected to the indoor unit 420. In addition, the second refrigerant pipe 493 is equipped with a flow control valve (493a) between the portion where the second high temperature refrigerant inlet pipe 466 is connected and the portion where the indoor unit 420 is connected.

The second compressor pipe 495 is equipped with a flow rate control valve 495a between the portion where the first refrigerant pipe 492 is branched and the compressor 430, and the second refrigerant pipe 493 and the second refrigerant pipe 495. The compressor pipe 495 is connected to the third refrigerant pipe 496, and one side of the third refrigerant pipe 496 is a flow control valve 493a and the indoor unit 420 of the second refrigerant pipe 493. ) And the other side is connected between the flow control valve (495a) and the compressor 430 of the second compressor pipe (495). Of course, the flow rate control valve 496 is also installed in the third refrigerant pipe 496.

In addition, each of the first compressor pipe 494 and the second compressor pipe 495 connected to a portion into which the refrigerant is introduced into the compressor 430 and a portion to be discharged, a pressure gauge 497a indicating the pressure of the refrigerant to be detected ( 497b) may be installed respectively.

3 is a variation on the embodiment of the present invention shown in FIG. 1, in which the path through which the refrigerant is circulated is similar to the embodiment of FIG. 1, except that the expander 410 'is in series or parallel to the refrigerant path. Composed of a plurality of inflators (410A) (410B) arranged and the compressor 430 'consists of a plurality of compressors (430A) 430B arranged in series or parallel to the refrigerant path and the first and second evaporation circuit ( 450 ') 460' is composed of a plurality of first and second evaporation circuits 450A, 450B, 460A, and 460B disposed in series or in parallel with respect to the refrigerant path, and the first and second auxiliary expanders ( 471 ') 472' consists of a plurality of auxiliary expanders 471A, 471B, 472A and 472B disposed in series or in parallel with respect to the refrigerant path. A coolant outlet 453c 'is formed in the evaporation circuit 450B adjacent to the outdoor unit 440 of the first evaporation circuit 450' and a coolant inlet 453a is provided in the evaporator circuit 450A adjacent to the expander 410 '. '453b' is formed, and a refrigerant discharge port 463c 'is formed in the evaporation circuit 460A adjacent to the indoor unit 420 of the second evaporation circuit 460' and the evaporation circuit adjacent to the expander 410 'is formed. Coolant inlets 463a 'and 463b' are formed in 460B. Further, a first refrigerant inlet / outlet 411 'is formed at the inflator 410A adjacent to the first evaporation circuit 450' among the inflators 410 'and the inflator 410B adjacent to the second evaporation circuit 460'. A second refrigerant inlet and outlet 412 'is formed. Of course, this is not intended to limit the location of the refrigerant inlet, the refrigerant outlet and the refrigerant inlet, it is only one embodiment.

In the case of the air conditioner 400 'having such a configuration, heat exchange, expansion, and compression capacity for the refrigerant may be increased by a plurality of components, which increases the capacity of the air conditioner 400'. Not only is it easy, but also can reduce the load on the respective components, which is desirable.

Refrigerant flow in the case of cooling and heating is performed using the low compression load type air conditioner 200 according to the embodiment of the present invention.

First, Figure 1 is a case where the cooling is made, which absorbs the heat of the room as the refrigerant evaporates in the indoor unit 420, the second refrigerant pipe 493, the first high temperature refrigerant inlet pipe 456, the first low temperature refrigerant discharge The compressor 430 flows into the compressor 430 through the pipe 457, the low temperature refrigerant supply pipe 491, and the first compressor pipe 494, and the refrigerant discharged from the compressor 430 passes through the second compressor pipe 295. 440, and condenses to release heat to the outside, the refrigerant discharged from the outdoor unit 440 expands while passing through the expander 410 to form a circulation cycle flowing into the indoor unit 420. At this time, the flow rate control valve 493a of the second refrigerant pipe 493, the flow rate control valve 456a of the first high temperature refrigerant inlet pipe 456, and the flow rate of the first low temperature refrigerant discharge pipe 457 to achieve the circulation cycle. The flow rate control valve 495a of the control valve 457a and the second compressor pipe 495 is opened, and the flow rate of the flow rate control valve 466a and the first refrigerant pipe 492 of the second high temperature refrigerant inlet pipe 466 is maintained. The control valve 492a, the flow control valve 467a of the second low temperature refrigerant discharge pipe 467 and the flow control valve 496a of the third refrigerant pipe 496 are closed.

In addition, the flow rate control valve 455a of the first bypass pipe 455 branched from the first connection pipe 454 located forward of the expander 410 with respect to the flow of the refrigerant opens and is located at the rear of the second. The flow rate control valve 465a of the second bypass pipe 465 branched from the connection pipe 464 is closed, which is part of the refrigerant flowing into the expander 410 through the first bypass pipe 455. The first auxiliary expander 471 is expanded, and thus the refrigerant flowing into the refrigerant inlets 453a and 453b of the first evaporator 450 and the refrigerant moving from the outdoor unit 440 to the expander 410 are heat exchanged. That is, the high-temperature refrigerant heat-exchanged while passing through the expander 410 after being discharged from the indoor unit 420 and the low-temperature refrigerant discharged from the first auxiliary expander 471 are mixed, and the mixed refrigerant is discharged from the outdoor unit 440. Heat exchange in the first refrigerant and the first evaporation circuit (450).

The refrigerant discharged from the refrigerant discharge port 453c of the first evaporation circuit 450 may be supplied to the compressor 430 by flowing into the first compressor pipe 494 through the first low temperature refrigerant discharge pipe 457. To be.

Of course, since the flow control valve 465a of the second bypass pipe 465 is in a closed state, the refrigerant discharged from the expander 410 and passing through the second evaporation circuit 460 does not undergo any state change. It is supplied to the indoor unit 420.

An example of a refrigerant state when cooling is performed by using the air conditioner 400 according to the embodiment of the present invention is as follows.

The refrigerant discharged at 25 ° C. from the outdoor unit 440 is cooled to 5 ° C. while passing through the first evaporation circuit 450, and flows into the expander 410. This is because a part of the refrigerant discharged from the first evaporation circuit 450, for example, 50% of the refrigerant, is cooled to −15 ° C. while passing through the first auxiliary expander 471 through the first bypass pipe 455. 1 is introduced into the evaporation circuit 450, and also introduced into the expander 410 and the indoor unit 420 after flowing into the indoor unit 420 at a low temperature and low pressure of -15 ° C while passing through the expander 410. While passing through the expander 410 through the second refrigerant pipe 493 through the second refrigerant pipe 493, the refrigerant is further elevated to 15 ° C and then the first evaporation circuit 450 through the first high temperature refrigerant inlet pipe 456. By being introduced into the mixed with the refrigerant introduced through the first auxiliary expander 471. Accordingly, the mixed refrigerant and the refrigerant at 25 ° C. discharged from the outdoor unit 440 are heat-exchanged with each other in the first evaporation circuit 450, so that the refrigerant having a predetermined temperature, preferably 5 ° C., is the first low temperature refrigerant discharge pipe 457. The low temperature refrigerant supply pipe 491 and the first compressor pipe 494 may be introduced into the compressor 430.

Next, FIG. 2 is a case in which heating is performed, which absorbs heat from the outdoor unit while the outdoor unit 440 evaporates the first refrigerant pipe 492, the second high temperature refrigerant inlet pipe 466, and the second low temperature refrigerant. The compressor 430 is introduced into the compressor 430 through the discharge pipe 467, the low temperature refrigerant supply pipe 491, and the first compressor pipe 494, and the refrigerant discharged from the compressor 430 passes through the third refrigerant pipe 496. 420 discharges heat into the room as it is condensed, and the refrigerant discharged from the indoor unit 420 expands while passing through the expander 410 to form a circulation cycle flowing into the outdoor unit 440. At this time, the flow rate control valve 492a of the first refrigerant pipe 492, the flow rate control valve 466a of the second high temperature refrigerant inlet pipe 466, the second low temperature refrigerant discharge pipe 467 to achieve the circulation cycle The flow control valve 496a of the control valve 467a and the third refrigerant pipe 496 is opened, and the flow rate of the flow control valve 495a and the first high temperature refrigerant inlet pipe 456 of the second compressor pipe 495 is opened. The control valve 456a, the flow rate control valve 493a of the second refrigerant pipe 493, and the flow rate control valve 457a of the first low temperature refrigerant discharge pipe 457 are closed.

In addition, the flow rate control valve 465a of the second bypass pipe 465 branched from the second connection pipe 464 located in front of the expander 410 with respect to the flow of the refrigerant opens and is located at the rear of the first. The flow rate control valve 455a of the first bypass pipe 455 branched from the connection pipe 454 is closed, which is part of the refrigerant flowing into the expander 410 through the second bypass pipe 465. The second auxiliary expander 472 is expanded, and thus the refrigerant flowing into the refrigerant inlets 463a and 463b of the second evaporator 460 and the refrigerant moving from the indoor unit 420 to the expander 410 are heat exchanged. That is, the high-temperature refrigerant heat exchanged while passing through the expander 410 after being discharged from the outdoor unit 440 and the low-temperature refrigerant discharged from the second auxiliary expander 472 are mixed, and the mixed refrigerant is discharged from the indoor unit 420. Exchanged heat with the refrigerant and the second evaporation circuit 460.

The refrigerant discharged from the refrigerant discharge port 463c of the second evaporation circuit 460 may be supplied to the compressor 430 by flowing into the first compressor pipe 494 through the second low temperature refrigerant discharge pipe 467. To be.

Of course, since the flow rate control valve 455a of the first bypass pipe 455 is closed, the refrigerant discharged from the expander 410 and passing through the first evaporation circuit 450 does not undergo any state change. It is supplied to the outdoor unit 440.

An example of a refrigerant state when heating is performed by using the air conditioning and heating device 400 according to the embodiment of the present invention is as follows.

The refrigerant discharged at 25 ° C. from the indoor unit 420 is cooled to 5 ° C. while passing through the second evaporation circuit 460, and flows into the expander 410. This is because a part of the refrigerant discharged from the second evaporation circuit 460, for example, 50% of the refrigerant, is cooled to −15 ° C. while passing through the second auxiliary expander 472 through the second bypass pipe 465. It is introduced into the two evaporation circuit 460, and also introduced into the inflator 410 through the inflator 410 and introduced into the outdoor unit 440 at a low temperature and low pressure of -15 ° C and then the outdoor unit 440. While passing through the expander 410 through the first refrigerant pipe 492, the refrigerant heated up to 10 ° C. is further heated up to 15 ° C., and then the second evaporation circuit 460 through the second high temperature refrigerant inlet pipe 466. By being introduced into the mixture is mixed with the refrigerant introduced through the second auxiliary expander (472). Therefore, the mixed refrigerant and the refrigerant at 25 ° C. discharged from the indoor unit 420 are heat-exchanged with each other in the second evaporation circuit 460, so that the refrigerant having a predetermined temperature, preferably 5 ° C., is the second low temperature refrigerant discharge pipe 467. The low temperature refrigerant supply pipe 491 and the first compressor pipe 494 may be introduced into the compressor 430.

As described above, according to the low compression load type air conditioner according to the present invention, the refrigerant condensed in the indoor unit or the outdoor unit is introduced into the expander through the heat exchange evaporation circuit, and a part of the refrigerant flowing into the expander is low temperature low pressure in the auxiliary expander. After the change to the feed through the heat exchange evaporator circuit to the compressor has the effect of lowering the temperature of the refrigerant supplied to the compressor to reduce the load of the compressor.

Claims (2)

In a cooling and heating device having an indoor unit, an outdoor unit, a compressor, and an expander, and capable of selectively cooling and heating, The refrigerant condensed in the indoor unit 420 or the outdoor unit 440 flows into the expander 410 through a heat exchange evaporation circuit, and changes a part of the refrigerant flowing into the expander 410 from the auxiliary expander to low temperature low pressure. , The low compression load type heating and cooling characterized in that the refrigerant discharged from the auxiliary expander and the refrigerant evaporated in the outdoor unit 440 or the indoor unit 420 and the heat exchanged in the expander 410 is supplied to the compressor 430 Device. According to claim 1, wherein the evaporation circuit for heat exchange is the first evaporation circuit 450 disposed between the outdoor unit 440 and the expander 410 and the second evaporation circuit disposed between the indoor unit 420 and the expander 410. 460, wherein the auxiliary expander includes a first auxiliary expander 471 for discharging a part of the refrigerant flowing into the expander 410 during cooling to the first evaporation circuit 450 and an expander 410 for heating. And a second auxiliary expander (472) for discharging a portion of the refrigerant introduced into the second evaporation circuit (460).