KR20020085088A - Wireless communication method of Electronic Toll Collection System - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE: Provided are a method for communicating on-board unit with radio communication controller for electronic expressway toll collector, and a recording medium which can be read by a computer, in which the program for execution of the method is recorded. CONSTITUTION: The method comprises the steps of (i) transmitting information about the state of radio communication controller for collecting toll by radio communicating with express driving cars, to desired communication region and requiring the response from the on-board unit positioned at the region; (ii) receiving the information requiring a communication link from the on-board unit; (iii) setting a communication link based on the received information; (iv) analyzing the received information about the car and transmitting information about collection request of toll; and (v) receiving information about payment resulting from the collection request and releasing the communication link.

Description

Wireless communication method of Electronic Toll Collection System

The present invention relates to the field of collecting charges for a vehicle passing through a highway or a tunnel, and more particularly, to a method for communicating with a wireless communication controller and a vehicle onboard vehicle in an electronic toll system of highways.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made in an effort to provide a method for communicating with a wireless communication controller of a highway electronic toll system and an on-vehicle vehicle to solve the above problems.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a computer-readable recording medium having recorded thereon a program for executing the method on a computer.

1 is a view showing the flow of a wireless communication method of the electronic toll collection system according to the present invention.

2 is a view showing a wireless communication device of the electronic toll collection system according to the present invention.

3 is a flow of communication between the wireless communication controller and the on-vehicle communication when the wireless communication controller is indented one by one in the exit side of the wireless communication method of the toll collection system according to the present invention. It is a figure which shows.

Figure 4 is a wireless communication method of the electronic toll collection system according to the present invention, the exit side is composed of two cantrees when the wireless communication controller is installed in each gantry, the flow of communication between the wireless communication controller and the vehicle onboard It is a figure which shows.

The wireless communication method of the electronic toll system according to the present invention for achieving the above object, (a) for the state of the wireless communication controller to collect the toll by the high-speed driving vehicle and wireless communication to a predetermined communication area formed in the lane Transmitting information and requesting a response from an on-vehicle device mounted on a vehicle located in the communication area; (b) receiving communication link request information from the on-vehicle device of the vehicle located in the communication area; (c) the Setting a communication link according to the received communication link request information; (d) receiving information of a vehicle equipped with the vehicle-mounted vehicle through the set communication link; (e) analyzing the received information of the vehicle Transmitting information on the toll collection request; (f) receiving information on the result of withdrawal according to the information on the toll collection request. And a step for releasing the link.

Hereinafter, with reference to the accompanying drawings will be described in detail a preferred embodiment of the present invention.

1 is a view showing the flow of a wireless communication method of the electronic toll collection system according to the present invention, a wireless control unit (Beacon Control Unit) of the electronic toll collection system installed in the toll gate and the vehicle mounted on the vehicle (On Board Unit This section describes the process of collecting toll charges from the smart card connected to the onboard vehicle by processing a series of data.

The wireless communication controller installed in the lane of the tollgate office periodically sends information (Beacon Status Table, hereinafter referred to as BST) indicating the status of the wireless communication controller to the communication area of the lane and requests a response from the vehicle driving the communication area. Step 110). The BST includes information, time information, profile, etc. of the wireless communication controller including the operator, the office number and the lane number of the tollgate office. Receives communication link request information transmitted from the on-vehicle device of the vehicle located in the communication area (step 120). The communication link request information includes an OBU private local ID and a medium access control field (MAC, medium access). data structure, including control).

The wireless communication controller forms a data link by transmitting a frame including an individual local ID indicating that the vehicle is equipped with a private window alloction and a field for allocating the individual windows to the onboard vehicle (step 130). When the data link is established, the onboard vehicle transmits vehicle status information (hereinafter referred to as VST) and the wireless communication controller receives the information (step 140). Here, the VST is a frame including information of a smart card, vehicle information, transfer processing information, and the like. The wireless communication controller determines the charge to be collected according to the vehicle type, the entrance office and the passing time among the transfer processing information, and transmits toll collection request information (step 150). It is composed of a frame including a field indicating the signature value, the authentication signature value for the transaction confirmation, the amount collected, the collection division.

The onboard vehicle transmits data indicating a response to the toll collection request information, and the radio communication controller transmits a frame requesting the toll collection result after receiving the data. When the vehicle-mounted device transmits a frame including the smart card withdrawal result signature value, the wireless communication controller receives the information (step 160) and releases the communication with the driving vehicle (170). If two gantry units are installed at the exit office, the BST frame is sent from the wireless communication controller installed in the second gantry to receive the charge collection result from the onboard vehicle and release the communication.

2 is a view showing a wireless communication device of the electronic toll collection system according to the present invention, a wireless communication controller installed in the lane of the tollgate office and a vehicle mounting device that is a vehicle mounting equipment wireless communication.

It shows a structure in which two wireless communication controllers are installed in two cantries on the exit side of the toll gate, and the wireless communication controller 1 210, the wireless communication module 215, the wireless communication controller 2 220, and the wireless communication. Module 2 (225). Vehicle attachment equipment is composed of a vehicle mounting unit 230 and a smart card 240 is to communicate with the wireless communication controller to collect the electronic charge. When the 1 gantry is installed on the exit side, it consists of one wireless communication controller and one wireless communication module to communicate with the onboard vehicle to collect tolls.

3 is a flow of communication between the wireless communication controller and the on-vehicle when the wireless communication controller is installed one by one in the exit side of the wireless communication method of the electronic toll collection system according to the present invention. Indicates.

Before describing a series of data processing procedures of the wireless communication controller and the vehicle loading period, the data structure of the data to be transmitted between the devices will be described.

First, let's talk about defined functions.

BST is periodically transmitted from the wireless communication controller. The main contents are as follows.

BST :: = SEQUENCE {

beacon id Beacon ID,

time Time,

profile Profile,

mand Application Application List,

profile List Sequence of Profile

}

If you define the beacon ID of the wireless communication controller,

Beacon ID :: = SEQUENCE {

administration-agency octet (size (2)) (e.g. Korea Expressway Corporation: 0x0010),

plaza ID octet (size (2)) (ex) Seongnam sales office: 0x0061,

lane ID octet (size (1)) (e.g. lane 1: 0x01)

}

The structure of Plaza ID is shown in the table below.

Octet MSB LSB Contents # One XX 00: open ascending 01: open ascending 10: closed entrance 11: closed exit X 0: Gantry 11: Gantry 2 X 0: normal work 1: conservative work XXXX Office number # 2 XXXX XXXX Office number

Defining the passing time of the vehicle or the date and time transmitted by the wireless communication controller of the entrance office,

Time :: = SEQUENCE {

year octet (size (2)) (e.g. 2000: 0x2000),

month octet (size (1)) (e.g. December: 0x12),

day octet (size (1)) (e.g. 22 days: 0x22),

hour octet (size (1)) (e.g. 21 o'clock: 0x21),

min octet (size (1)) (e.g. 27 min: 0x27),

sec octet (size (1)) (example) 37 seconds: 0x37)

}

If I define a list of application services,

Application List :: = SEQUENCE {

aid Application Entity ID,

eid EID OPTIONAL,

parameter Container OPTIONAL

}

aid :: = 1 (Hipass Application)

eid and parameter are not used in BST.

Hipass (ETC) ApplicationList is shown in Table 2 below.

octet MSB LSB Contents # One 0000 0001 Application count = 1 # 2 0 no eid 0 No parameter 00 0001 aid = 1 = Hipass (ETC)

The VST is the data transferred from the vehicle-mounted device to the wireless communication controller after the data link is established in the wireless communication controller and the vehicle loading period.

VST :: = SEQUENCE {

profile Profile,

obuVersion ObuVersion,

obuConfiguration ObuConfiguration,

smartCardInformation SmartCardInformation

obuInformation ObuInformation

}

Profile :: = 1 (Hipass Profile, matches the profile included in the BST)

ObuVersion :: = (0..255) Hipass Obu Application Version (indicates the version of the onboard vehicle, ie the version of the OBU application.)

Obu Configuration :: = SEQUENCE {

battey Failure bit (size (1)),

fill bit (size (5)) (battery charge),

reserved bit (size (8)) (reserved mark)

} (Obu Configuration displays vehicle status)

SmartCard Information :: = SEQUENCE {

ALGiep octet (size (1)) (card algorithm ID),

VKiep octet (size (1)) (key version),

NTiep octet (size (2)) (card transaction serial number),

Riep octet (size (8)) (card random number),

PPiep octet (size (3)) (card supplier code (BCD code)),

IEP octet (size (5)) (card serial number (BCD code)),

BALiep octet (size (4)) (card balance),

S1 octet (size (4)) (digital signature value 1),

ScValidDate octet (size (3)) (card expiration date (BCD code) example) December 2010 0x201012)

} (SmartCard Information displays information for collecting charges from SmartCard. The content of each item is based on the contents of Smart Card e-commerce.)

Obu Information :: = SEQUENCE {

obu ID OBU ID (octet (size (8)), OBU serial number),

vehicle Class octet (size (1)) (1..8) (classification code),

vehicle ID octet (size (5)) (vehicle registration number code),

payment octet (size (1)),

obuValid Date octet (size (3)) (OBU expiration date),

before Transaction Before Transaction

}

When the transfer processing information is defined as information including the time of passing when the vehicle passes through the toll gate at the entrance of the highway and the number of the office of the toll gate passing through,

Before Transaction :: = SEQUENCE {

beacon id Beacon ID,

tarnsaction id Transaction ID,

time Time,

transaction Status Transaction Status,

obuS1 octet (size (4)) (pretreatment information digital signature value)

} (Before Transaction displays previous electronic toll collection information.)

Transaction ID :: = SEQUENCE {

work Num octet (size (1)) (working number),

transaction Num octet (size (3)) (process number)

}

Transaction Status :: = bit (size (8))

The definition of the charge function is as follows. Charge data is data that requires charge collection from the wireless communication controller to the onboard vehicle.

Charge :: = SEQUENCE {

sleep Wait Time octet (size (2))

transaction id Transaction ID,

charge Type octet (size (1))

violation octet (size (1))

}

Charge Response (Response to Charge) The data structure is the data confirming that the onboard vehicle received a charge collection request is defined as follows.

Charge Response :: = SEQUENCE {

transaction id Transaction ID

}

The Result Request data structure is defined as data that requires a toll collection result from the radio controller to the onboard vehicle.

Result Request :: = SEQUENCE {

transaction id Transaction ID

}

The Result Response data structure is the data that responds to the toll collection results in the onboard vehicle, its definition being:

Result Response :: = SEQUENCE {

obu id OBU ID,

transaction id Transaction ID,

obu Configuration Obu Configuration,

transaction Status Transaction Status,

S3iep octet (size (4)) (withdrawal confirmation electronic signature value S3)

}

Transaction Status :: = bit (size (8))

If the data structure of the defined function is represented in a table, it can be expressed as below.

Table 3 shows the data structure for BST and its items, formats and contents are as follows.

number Item form Contents One Broadcast LID Hex Broadcast LID of 0xff wireless communication controller is fixed as 0xff 2 MAC control field Hex Individual window requirements 3 LLC control field Hex User interface commands 4 fragmentation Hex fragmentation heder 5 T-APDU Hex Initialization request 6 Information of wireless communication controller BCD Operator, Sales Office Number 7 Lane number BCD 8 time BCD Date, time 9 aid Hex application ID 10 profile Hex Profile list

Table 4 shows a data structure of individual allocation window request information containing information for requesting a data link from the vehicle-mounted vehicle to the wireless communication controller.

number Item form Contents One OBU-private LID Hex Random value generated by vehicle 2 MAC control field Hex 0x60: Individual window request

Table 5 is a data structure representing information for approving individual allocation windows.

number Item form Contents One BCU-private LID Hex Use random value generated by onboard 2 MAC control field Hex 20: individual window assignment

Table 6 is a frame indicating a VST, and is composed of information including vehicle information, smart card information, vehicle mounting information, and the like.

number Item form Contents One OBU-Private LID Hex Random value generated by vehicle 2 MAC control field Hex Individual window requirements 3 LLC control field Hex User interface commands 4 fragmentation Hex fragmentation heder 5 T-APDU Hex Initialization request 6 profile Hex Use Profile of Wireless Communication Controller 7 NTCS version Hex hipass application version ID 8 OBU configuration Hex OBU Status 9 Reserved Hex Reservation for individual use 10 Smart card information Hex, BCD Smart Card ID, Key Version, Smart Card Status 11 OBU Information Hex, BCS Car type, payment category, expiration date 12 Previous Processing Information BCD Entrance Information 13 OS1 Hex Electronic book value of OBU for previous transaction data

Table 7 is a frame requesting toll collection and consists of information including collection amount and classification.

number Item form Contents One BCU-Private LID Hex Random value generated by vehicle 2 MAC control field Hex Individual window requirements 3 LLC control field Hex User interface commands 4 fragmentation Hex fragmentation heder 5 T-APDU Hex ACTION-Request 6 profile Hex Use Profile of Wireless Communication Controller 7 Wait-time Hex OBU sleep wait time 8 Work number BCD Lane number where radio controller is installed 9 Treatment number BCD Treatment number of each duty 10 Price Information Hex, BCD Confirmation of collection amount and transaction certification 11 Collection Hex Prepaid, Postpaid, Exempt, Discounted, etc. 12 Violation Hex Classification of normal, violation

Table 8 shows information that the onboard vehicle responds to the toll collection in response to the toll collection request of the wireless communication controller.

number Item form Contents One OBU-Private LID Hex Random value generated by vehicle 2 MAC control field Hex Individual window requirements 3 LLC control field Hex User interface commands 4 fragmentation Hex fragmentation heder 5 T-APDU Hex ACTION-Response 6 Work number BCD Lane number where radio controller is installed 7 Treatment number BCD Treatment number of each duty

Table 9 is a frame requesting the result of the toll collection in the wireless communication controller, and has a data structure including the number of the lane where the wireless communication controller is installed and the processing number of the work.

number Item form Contents One BCU-Private LID Hex Random value generated by vehicle 2 MAC control field Hex Individual window assignment 3 LLC control field Hex User interface commands 4 fragmentation Hex fragmentation heder 5 T-APDU Hex ACTION-Response 6 Work number BCD Lane number where radio controller is installed 7 Treatment number BCD Treatment number of each duty

Table 10 is a frame showing the result of the toll collection transmitted by the onboard vehicle, and is composed of information including an electronic signature indicating the withdrawal of the toll imposed according to the time passed through the vehicle type and the entrance cantry.

number Item form Contents One OBU-Private LID Hex Random value generated by vehicle 2 MAC control field Hex Individual window requirements 3 LLC control field Hex User interface commands 4 LLC status field Hex Logic Link Control Status 4 fragmentation Hex fragmentation heder 5 T-APDU Hex get-Response 6 Work number BCD Lane number where radio controller is installed 7 OBU Number BCD OBU ID 8 Treatment number BCD Treatment number of each duty 9 OBU configuration Hex 10 Processing status Hex Smart card transation status 11 s3 Hex Smart card withdrawal result electronic signature

Table 11 shows a frame indicating information for releasing communication from the wireless communication controller.

number Item form Contents One BCU-Private LID Hex Random value generated by vehicle 2 MAC control field Hex Individual window requirements 3 LLC control field Hex User interface commands 4 fragmentation Hex fragmentation heder 5 T-APDU Hex ACTION-Response 6 Work number BCD Lane number where radio controller is installed 7 Treatment number BCD Treatment number of each duty

When the wireless communication controller sends a BST as shown in Table 3 and requests a response from the onboard vehicle mounted on the vehicle driving the lane equipped with the wireless communication controller, the onboard vehicle receives the BST data and then requests individual window allocation. A private window request (PrWR) of 4 is transmitted, and the wireless communication controller transmits a private window allocation (PrWA) of Table 5, which is a frame that accepts it and forms a data link, to the onboard vehicle. The vehicle status table (VST) information of Table 6 including the vehicle model, the smart card information, and the transfer processing information is transmitted. Here, the transfer processing information includes the division of the office, office number, lane number, duty number, processing number, passing date and collection status. Receiving the VST, the wireless communication controller analyzes the information and transmits the frame of the toll as shown in Table 7 according to the vehicle model and the office number passing time. The toll frame contains a signature value indicating the authorization of the withdrawal order, a signature value for the transaction confirmation, and the like.

The onboard vehicle receives the charge data of the wireless communication controller and transmits the response data to the toll collection data shown in Table 8 in response thereto. The wireless controller transmits the data shown in Table 9 requesting the results of the toll collection, and the vehicle-mounted vehicle receives the data shown in Table 10 including the transaction status of the smart card, the smart card withdrawal result, the electronic signature, etc. Will respond. When the toll collection is completed, the wireless communication controller transmits data as shown in Table 11 to release the communication to finish the toll collection with the driving vehicle.

Figure 4 is a wireless communication method of the electronic toll collection system according to the present invention, the exit side is composed of two cantrees when the wireless communication controller is installed in each gantry, the flow of communication between the wireless communication controller and the vehicle onboard Indicates.

Receive the data on the toll from the wireless controller described in Figure 3 transmits the response data for the toll in the onboard vehicle, and after the communication with the wireless communication controller installed in the first gantry and the BST from the wireless communication controller installed in the second gantry Receives and transmits the fee collection result data and the communication is released from the wireless communication controller.

As described above, when the toll is collected by wireless communication, the toll can be collected without stopping the vehicle, thereby preventing the traffic jam at the toll gate.

As described above, according to the present invention, it is possible to solve the traffic congestion of the highway toll gate by the vehicle paying the toll freely and to solve the inconvenience of the passengers due to the departure after the vehicle stops.

Claims (25)

(a) Sending information on the state of the high-speed driving vehicle and the wireless communication controller that collects the toll charges by wireless communication to a predetermined communication area formed in the lane, requesting a response from the onboard vehicle mounted on the vehicle located in the communication area. Making; (b) receiving communication link request information from a vehicle onboarder of a vehicle located in the communication area; (c) establishing a communication link according to the received communication link request information; (d) receiving information of a vehicle equipped with the vehicle onboarder through the established communication link; (e) analyzing the received information of the vehicle and transmitting information on the toll collection request; And (f) receiving the information on the result of withdrawal according to the information on the toll collection request and releasing the communication link. The method of claim 1, In step (a), The information on the state of the wireless communication controller is information including the ID, current time, profile type, application ID, broadcast local ID, media access control, logical link control, and fragmentation of the wireless communication controller. The highway toll collection method used for the pass. The method of claim 2, Highway toll collection method used in the high-pass, characterized in that the ID of the wireless communication controller includes an operating institution, office number and lane number. The method of claim 2, The information on the time is a highway toll collection method used for a high pass, characterized in that the passing time of the vehicle as a date and time. The method of claim 1, wherein step (b) Highway toll collection method used for the high-pass, characterized in that for receiving the information including the item requesting the individual area address , the individual window to the wireless communication controller to establish a communication link. The method of claim 5, wherein step (c) Highway toll collection method for a high pass, characterized in that for setting the communication link by assigning a separate window according to the individual area address. The method of claim 1, wherein step (d) Highway toll collection method used in the high-pass, characterized in that for receiving the information including the profile form, the version of the vehicle, the state of the vehicle, the vehicle information and smart card information through the set communication link. The method of claim 7, wherein The on-vehicle version is a version of the current protocol expressway toll collection method used in the high-pass, characterized in that the version of the on-board vehicle for the high pass. The method of claim 7, wherein Highway toll collection method used in a high pass, characterized in that the state of the vehicle onboard is information including the state of the battery. The method of claim 7, wherein The information of the on-vehicle vehicle is toll collection of the highway toll used for the high pass, characterized in that the information including the serial number of the on-vehicle vehicle, vehicle classification code, vehicle registration number, payment category, valid period of the vehicle on-board vehicle and previous transaction items Way. The method of claim 10, The previous transaction item is a highway toll collection method used for a high pass, characterized in that the information including the ID, the transaction ID, the time, the transaction status and the electronic signature of the previous transaction of the wireless communication controller. The method of claim 7, wherein The smart card information is a high pass, characterized in that the information including the card algorithm ID, key version, card transaction serial number, card random number, card supplier code, card serial number, card balance, electronic signature and card expiration date Highway toll collection method used. The method of claim 1, wherein step (e) Highway toll collection method used in the high-pass, characterized in that for transmitting the smart card withdrawal information, the type of collection method, information on the collection violation in accordance with the received vehicle information. The method of claim 13, The data provided for the withdrawal of the smart card is an information including an organization code, a security ID of a wireless communication controller, a security transaction serial number of a wireless communication controller, a collection amount, authentication for a withdrawal order, and authentication for transaction confirmation. Highway toll collection method used for high pass. The method of claim 13, The toll collection method of the highway toll used in the high pass, characterized in that the information including prepaid, postpaid, exempt or discounted. The method of claim 1, wherein step (f) (f1) receiving a response to the collection request information transmitted from the wireless communication controller; (f2) transmitting information for requesting the result of the fee collection according to the collection request information; (f3) receiving a result for the toll collection; and (f4) receiving the result of the toll collection and releasing the communication link when the toll collection is completed. The method of claim 16, wherein in step (f1) Collection request information sent from the wireless communication controller is a highway toll fee collection method used for the high pass, characterized in that the information including the work number of the lane and the processing number of each duty. The method of claim 17, wherein step (f1) Highway toll collection method used in the high-pass, characterized in that the information including the transaction ID as a data confirming that the charge request from the wireless communication controller. The method of claim 16, wherein step (f2) Highway toll collection method used in the high-pass, characterized in that for transmitting the information requesting the result of the charge collection including the transaction information in accordance with the collection request information. The method of claim 16, wherein step (f3) A highway toll collection method for a high pass characterized in that it transmits information including a work number, a work number, a vehicle loading state, a smart card transaction state, and a smart card withdrawal result electronic signature. The method of claim 16, wherein step (f4) A highway toll collection method for a high pass, characterized by releasing a communication link by transmitting information including a lane number, duty number, smart card transaction status, and smart card withdrawal result. The method of claim 1, If toll collection fails from the onboard vehicle traveling the communication area, retransmitting information of the wireless communication controller to re-communicate with the onboard vehicle further includes toll collection of the tolls used in the high pass. Way. The method of claim 1, Highway toll collection method used in the high pass, characterized in that the step after the step (e) in the other communication area to collect the road toll and release the communication. The method of claim 23, And the other communication area is a communication area for transmitting the withdrawal result when the vehicle does not transmit the withdrawal result in the communication area of step (a). (a) Sending information on the state of the high-speed driving vehicle and the wireless communication controller that collects the toll charges by wireless communication to a predetermined communication area formed in the lane, requesting a response from the onboard vehicle mounted on the vehicle located in the communication area. Making; (b) receiving communication link request information from a vehicle onboarder of a vehicle located in the communication area; (c) establishing a communication link according to the received communication link request information; (d) receiving information of a vehicle equipped with the vehicle onboarder through the established communication link; (e) analyzing the received information of the vehicle and transmitting information on the toll collection request; And (f) A computer-readable recording medium having recorded thereon a program for executing a step of releasing a communication link by receiving information on a withdrawal result according to the information on the toll collection request.