KR20020078005A - Small-Scale Waste Treatment Apparatus - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE: A small scale sewage treatment apparatus is provided which not only treats organic matter and suspended solid, but also increases treatment ratio of nitrogen and phosphorus that are apt not to be treated in a small scale sewage treatment facility by the introduction of a certain filter system. CONSTITUTION: In a small scale sewage treatment apparatus comprising a first settling tank(21), a flow equalization tank(22), a first aeration tank(23), a second settling tank(24), a second aeration tank(25), and a third settling tank(26), the apparatus further comprises air diffusers(27) one end of which is extended to the bottom of the first settling tank(21) and the flow equalization tank(22), and the other end of which is connected to an air pressure generating means of the outside; and filter medium(28) which is installed in the intermediate part on the flow equalization tank(22) and the third settling tank(26), and which performs functions of biological decomposition, adsorption and filtering, wherein the filter medium(28) is installed in the tank capacity range of 8 to 12%.

Description

Small-Scale Waste Treatment Apparatus

The present invention relates to a sewage treatment apparatus, and more particularly, by introducing a predetermined filtration system, a small scale sewage treatment apparatus for treating organic matter and suspended solids and at the same time increasing the treatment rate of eutrophication materials which is not well treated in a small sewage treatment facility. It is about.

In Korea, since the investment in the development of sewage treatment facilities is insufficient, it has been mandatory to install small sewage treatment facilities that can combine sewage and manure since September 1997. Domestic environmental companies that are late in the development of small-scale sewage treatment facilities are directly imported from Japan, which has invested a lot of R & D in development since 70, rather than developing them with their own technology.

1 is a block diagram schematically showing a conventional sewage treatment apparatus.

Generally, the structure of small sewage treatment facilities that can combine sewage and manure consists of initial sedimentation tank, flow adjustment tank, aeration tank and final sedimentation tank.

The first sedimentation tank 11 separates and removes contaminants and soil in the influent sewage, and the flow regulating tank 12 passes the sewage introduced through the advection pipe through the flow and water quality fluctuations over time by an air transfer pump 12. ) After relaxation for the residence time, a certain amount is transferred to the first aeration tank 13 through the sewage metering tank. In consideration of the maintenance, the aeration pipe is installed in the sedimentation tank, and in case of emergency, the first aeration tank 13 is introduced.

The first aeration tank 13 is introduced into the untreated matter passing through the flow adjustment tank 12 and is forcibly supplied with air from the blower to increase the activity of aerobic microorganisms attached to the contact medium to promote the decomposition of organic matter.

The third settling tank 16, which is the final settling tank, enters the untreated material through the contact aeration tank and precipitates the generated sludge, and is periodically returned to the first settling tank 11 by the sludge conveying apparatus, and re-decomposed to reduce the sludge. Clean the water quality.

As such, the combined purification tank consisting of the initial settling tank, the flow adjusting tank, the aeration tank, and the final settling tank has an initial removal rate of more than 80% for organic matter removal, but the efficiency of processing organic matter and suspended solids increases rapidly as the amount of sludge accumulated increases over time. It has the problem of falling.

In addition, the Ministry of Environment says that in areas without sewage treatment plants, sewage containing high concentrations of nitrogen and phosphorus flows directly into the water system, causing green algae and red tide due to eutrophication, thereby increasing water pollution. It is said that the government is planning to expand the application of the total amount regulation standard for phosphorus discharge facilities from 2001 for new discharge facilities and from 2002 for existing facilities.

However, current small sewage treatment facilities are discharged in natural water without removing nitrogen and phosphorus, which are the main sources of eutrophication, which is a serious situation of environmental pollution.

Therefore, an object of the present invention is to solve the above problems, and by introducing a predetermined filtration system, small scale sewage treatment to increase the treatment rate of eutrophication materials which are not well treated in small scale sewage treatment facilities at the same time as organic matter and suspended solids treatment. Provide the device.

1 is a configuration diagram schematically showing a conventional sewage treatment apparatus;

2 is a plan view and a front view schematically showing a device according to the present invention;

3 to 7 are graphs showing the processing efficiency for the conventional and the apparatus of the present invention, respectively.

Explanation of symbols on the main parts of the drawings

11, 21: 1st precipitation tank 12, 22: flow adjustment tank

13, 23: first aeration tank 14, 24: second precipitation tank

15, 25: second aeration tank 16, 26: third precipitation tank

27: diffuser 28: filter medium

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a first settling tank 21, a flow adjusting tank 22, a first aeration tank 23, a second settling tank 24, a second aeration tank 25, a third settling tank 26, and the like. A small scale sewage treatment apparatus comprising: an diffuser (27) having one end extended to a bottom surface of the first settling tank (21) and the first aeration tank (23), and the other end communicating with an external pneumatic generating means; And a filter medium 28 installed at an intermediate portion on the flow rate adjusting tank 22 and the third settling tank 26 to simultaneously perform the functions of biological decomposition, adsorption, and filtration.

Hereinafter, with reference to the accompanying drawings will be described in detail a preferred embodiment of the present invention.

2 is a plan view and a front view schematically showing the apparatus according to the present invention.

The current small-scale sewage treatment facilities have an initial removal rate of more than 80% for organic matter removal, but as the amount of sludge accumulated increases over time, the treatment efficiency of organic matter and suspended solids decreases. It is not smooth, and oxygen delivery is drastically reduced. Accordingly, the removal efficiency of organic matter and the removal efficiency of suspended solids are not high. Accordingly, the present invention focuses on the introduction of an upflow filtration system at an appropriate position to increase the removal rate of nitrogen and phosphorus as well as organic matter and suspended solids.

The first sedimentation tank 21 for separating and removing the impurities and sediment in the influent sewage should prevent the impurities from directly flowing to the flow adjusting tank 22 even when a large amount of sewage is temporarily introduced. To this end, a communication port between the first settling tank 21 and the flow adjusting tank 22 is installed at the bottom of the tank as much as possible. As a result, the contaminants and the soil which do not settle in the first settling tank 21 and pass to the flow adjusting tank 22 do not pass through the upflow filtration system but are settled under the flow adjusting tank 22.

The flow rate adjusting tank 22 transfers a predetermined amount of wastewater introduced through the advection pipe to the first aeration tank 23 through the wastewater metering tank. In other words, it simply reduces the change in flow rate to allow a constant flow rate. As the sewage flowing in from the bottom of the first settling tank 21 passes through the filter medium 28 of the flow adjusting tank 22, non-sedimented contaminant solids settle into good sludge. Sewage flows into the lower part, thus maintaining a good anoxic tank. Therefore, the maximum release of phosphorus can be expected and it is a suitable condition for denitrification to occur. As such, the system flowing upward of the filter medium 28 can expect the removal of primary organic matter and suspended solids, and overcome the operational problems caused by the flow rate, thereby improving the performance of the subsequent process as well as the size of the subsequent treatment facility. And reduce the cost.

The first aeration tank 23 and the second aeration tank 25 are continuously supplied with air from the blower through the aeration diffuser 27 to increase the activity of the aerobic microorganisms attached to the contact medium to pass through the flow control tank 22 Promote decomposition of organics in untreated materials. The sewage flowing into the first aeration tank 23 is subjected to primary filtration in the filter medium 28, thereby reducing the impact load. The diffuser 27 extending to the bottom of the side walls of the first aeration tank 23 and the second aeration tank 25 is installed so that the treatment material and the contact medium and the oxygen in the aeration tank can be mixed well. Conventionally, clogging of the diffuser (not shown) occurs due to the sludge accumulated over time, but the apparatus of the present invention undergoes sludge settling in the first settling tank 21 first, and then upward filtration in the flow adjusting tank 22. Since sedimentation with the furnace sludge, the sewage introduced into the first aeration tank 23 is significantly reduced clogging phenomenon compared to the prior art.

After the maximum discharge of phosphorus in the oxygen-free condition of the flow adjusting tank 22, the first aeration tank 23, the second settling tank 24, the second aeration tank 25, as well as the excess intake of phosphorus (LUXURY UPTAKE) under good aerobic conditions Nitrification of nitrogen occurs actively. In the conventional apparatus, nitrogen / phosphorus removal could hardly be expected, but high nitrogen / phosphorus removal efficiency is seen by the attachment of the filter medium 28.

The third settling tank 26 is the final place of precipitation of the untreated material via the first aeration tank 23, the second settling tank 24, and the second aeration tank 25. Precipitated sludge is periodically returned to the first settling tank 21 by the sludge conveying apparatus and re-dissolved to reduce sludge to clean the water quality. Here, the filter medium 28 which is a bottom-up filtration system is also introduced. The composite biofilm (biological decomposition + adsorption + filtration) of the filter medium 28 is to reprocess untreated organic matter and suspended solids. Since it is a bottom-up filtration system, the sewage introduced into the second aeration tank 25 can be precipitated in a better sludge form and clean water quality can be expected.

At this time, the filter medium 28 of the flow rate adjustment tank 22 and the third settling tank 26 to be treated in an upflow manner while occupying approximately 10% of each tank capacity. When the filter medium 28 is installed at an intermediate point of about 10% of the crude capacity, the removal efficiency of 90% or more of organic matter and the removal rate of 80% of nitrogen and 80% or more of phosphorus can be obtained. In the figure, the member which connects the 1st settling tank 21 and the 3rd settling tank 26 is a means of conveying the sludge collected in the lower part of the 3rd settling tank 26 to the 1st settling tank 21.

Small scale sewage treatment plant adopting such filtration system is designed to reduce the efficiency of sewage treatment plant. After the water quality measurement of the organic matter and the suspended solids in the conventional sewage treatment facility is finished, the filter medium 28 is formed in the flow rate adjusting tank 22 and the third settling tank 26 to compare the removal efficiency. The sewage used in the experiments is made for the actual sewage with the mixing of manure and household wastewater by creating an influent reservoir outside the facility.

3 to 7 show graphs showing the processing efficiencies for the conventional and the inventive devices, respectively.

3 to 5, although the organic matter removal efficiency is low in the conventional facility, the facility of the present invention incorporating a filtration system showed very excellent suspended solids (SS) removal ability with organic matter removal. This is an advantage of a small sewage treatment facility using a filtration system, which is due to the action of the composite biofilm (biological decomposition + adsorption + filtration) of the filter medium 28 used as the filtration layer.

That is, before the sewage flows into the aeration tanks 23 and 25, organic matters and suspended solids are removed, the maximum release of phosphorus in the anoxic tank and nitrogen denitrification occur, and organic matter and suspended matter which are not removed in the entire process up to the aerobic reactor are the second filter media ( Through the biofilm (biological decomposition + adsorption + filtration) of 28), organic matter and suspended solids are removed.

In Figure 6, the nitrogen removal treatment of the inflow and outflow water of the small sewage treatment facility to show the efficiency of nitrogen denitrification in the flow control tank 22 by the filter medium 28 to enter the aeration tank (23) (25) as the nitrification of nitrogen Will happen. This shows high nitrogen removal efficiency.

Fig. 7 shows the efficiency of phosphorus treatment in the sewage treatment plant with and without the filtration system. The filtration system without the filtration system shows only 50% treatment efficiency with an influent concentration of 14.64ppm and 7.3ppm of effluent. The initial concentration of 12ppm and 9.22ppm was 1.05ppm and 1.22ppm, respectively, indicating 90% treatment efficiency.

As a result, it can be seen that the ability to remove phosphorus in the water is very excellent, which leads to the maximum release of phosphorus while maintaining the anaerobic tank due to the upflow type filtration system of the flow adjusting tank 22, and the excess phosphorus intake in the aeration tanks 23 and 25 ( Luxury uptake is likely to occur. Sewage accumulation in the aeration tanks (23) and (25) is less than that of the current small-scale sewage treatment system, through the upflow filtration system before sewage into the aeration tanks (23) and (25). Happens. In addition, clogging of the diffuser 27 due to accumulated sludge is also reduced.

In addition, eliminating the blockage of the diffuser in the aeration tank by sludge accumulation has the meaning of reducing the aeration power of the aeration tank.

According to the above configuration and operation, the present invention has an effect of increasing the treatment rate of eutrophication materials that are not well treated in small sewage treatment facilities at the same time as the treatment of organic matter and suspended matter by introducing a predetermined filtration system.

It is apparent to those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the described embodiments, and that various modifications and changes can be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Therefore, such modifications or variations will have to belong to the claims of the present invention.

Claims (2)

In the small scale sewage treatment apparatus which consists of the 1st settling tank 21, the flow regulating tank 22, the 1st aeration tank 23, the 2nd settling tank 24, the 2nd aeration tank 25, the 3rd settling tank 26, etc. : An diffuser 27 whose one end extends to the bottoms of the first settling tank 21 and the first aeration tank 23, and the other end communicates with an external pneumatic generating means; And Small-scale sewage treatment apparatus which is installed in the middle part on the said flow regulating tank (22) and the 3rd settling tank (26) and performs the function of biological decomposition, adsorption, and filtration. The method of claim 1, The filter medium 28 is a small-scale sewage treatment apparatus, characterized in that installed in the range of 8 to 12% of the crude capacity.