KR20010102886A - Stop valve, sold valve, 4way valve controls type heat pump system - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention changes the flow direction of the refrigerant and design the operation circuit appropriately by the trainee in the relevant educational institution by operating and operating a stop valve, a solenoid valve, and a four-way valve attached to a set of heat pump cooling and heating devices. In addition, the principle of operation and control by heat pump cooling and heating system can be indirectly observed, researched, and applied through experiments to help foster middle-sized workers in the heat pump cooling, heating, and air conditioning refrigeration facilities. The present invention relates to an experimental training system for the implementation of educational heat pump type cooling and heating. In the present invention, the temperature, pressure, power, and automatic control device attached to the automatic control panel can be automatically controlled by directly configuring circuits to be configured by directly connecting the devices with each other. Construction and repair of equipment for education, airtightness test, vacuum drying, refrigerant charge, refrigerant leakage inspection, refrigerant recovery, expansion valve installation and adjustment dryer regeneration and replacement, pressure switch operation test and adjustment, superheat and overcooling measurement This course is designed to provide practical training for students, checkers, and integrators.

The present invention is composed of one set of circuit panel, stop valve and solenoid valve control cooling and heating experiment training system, four-way valve control cooling and heating laboratory training system required for automatic control operation of heat pump cooling and heating experiment training system. The panel for automatic control operation and the experimental equipment for cold and heating are connected to each other so that the trainee can operate the circuit by using the pananat and perform the practical experiments necessary for the configuration of the cooling and heating system.

Description

Stop valve, solenoid valve, four-way valve controlled heat pump cooling and heating laboratory training system {Stop valve, sold valve, 4way valve controls type heat pump system}

The present invention avoids the arrangement and piping of equipment required for the construction of heat pump type cooling and heating devices in the air conditioning refrigeration industry, the airtight test, the refrigerant charging, the control and redirection of the refrigerant flow required for device operation, temperature control, pressure control, and defrost control. The present invention relates to an experiment and practice system that helps educators observe, research and apply through experimentation and practice to help trainees train their trainees as middle-aged professionals who can work in the air conditioning refrigeration industry.

Heat pump cooling and heating system is composed of refrigeration machine and electric and sensor automatic control in industrial field. Therefore, in order to construct heat pump cooling and heating system and air-conditioning refrigeration system, it is necessary to understand and design the principle and function of refrigeration machinery, and the principle of electric and sensor automatic control, control operation and circuit design ability are essential.

Air conditioning refrigeration industry Most of the refrigeration system and automatic control system are large and concealed, so the principle and function of heat pump cooling and heating and air conditioning refrigeration, and automatic control experiments are difficult and limited.

Therefore, there is a need for a system that can easily understand and experiment with electrical and automatic control equipment and A / S.

The present invention is complicated and concealed in the case of the automatic control devices and devices of the heat pump cooling, heating system and air conditioning refrigeration system to express, miniaturize, and set the required by the trainee in the educational institution to easily configure the device Experiment, practice and automatic control circuit design configuration The purpose of the practice to practice the principle of implementation.

Furthermore, the present invention is trained through experiments to understand the principle of implementation of electric and automatic control and equipment, thus improving the facility capacity of related industries and learning the operation method, which is suitable for the installation, design and A / S of cooling and heating. I want to cultivate professionals.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention utilizes various control devices attached to the automatic control panel for temperature and pressure power defrost, and the trainee directly configures the pananat for the circuit diagram to be trained, and then operates the device and reports the temperature and pressure of each part. Changes were indexed to check operating conditions and data were used to test the performance of heat pump type cooling and heating systems.

As described above, the present invention constitutes a circuit in which a heat pump type cooling and heating operation is connected to an automatic control panel and a refrigerating device, and is operated using a stop valve, a solenoid valve, and a four way valve to operate a cooling and heating system. Through the educational effect that can be acquired and observed, the study aims to contribute to the development of air-conditioning refrigeration industry technology by researching and analyzing theoretical principles, techniques, and methods, and by developing the ability to apply them to various industries through hands-on practice. .

1 is a representative view of the stop valve, solenoid valve, four-way valve controlled heat pump cooling, heating system

2 is a flow chart and operation circuit diagram of a stop valve manual control heat pump cooling and heating system.

3 is a refrigerant flow chart and operation circuit diagram of the solenoid valve automatic control heat pump cooling and heating system

4 is a flow chart and operation circuit diagram of a 4-way valve automatic control heat pump cooling and heating system.

Explanation of symbols for the main parts of the drawings

A101 (select switch), A102 (toggle switch), A103 (pushbutton switch), A104 (non

Upper section), A105 (motor speed regulator), A106 (magnetic switch), A107 (thermal relay)

A108 (overcurrent breaker), A109 (voltmeter), A110 (ammeter), A111 (terminal bay)

(A) (low pressure shutoff switch), A113 (high pressure shutoff switch), A114 (relay), A115 (

Timer), A116 (24-hour timer), A117 (lighted), A118 (digital thermometer),

A119 (T / C1, 2), A201 (Compressor and Motor), A202 (Solo Valve), A203 (Stop Valve),

A204 (Return valve), A205 (Dryer), A206 (Receiver), A207 (Expansion valve),

A208 (heat exchanger), A209 (liquid separator), A210 (pressure gauge), A301 (compressor and motor),

A302 (four-way valve), A303 (heat exchanger), A304 (backflow check valve), A305 (stop valve),

A306 (dryer), A307 (solenoid valve), A308 (liquid level gauge), A309 (receiver), A310 (expansion bell

G), A311 (pressure gauge)

Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

1 is an exemplary diagram (photo) of a stop valve, a solenoid valve, and a four-way valve controlled heat pump cooling and heating system.

A100 and A200 of FIG. 1 are combined to form a stop valve and a solenoid valve controlled heat pump cooling and heating system, and A100 and A300 of FIG. 1 are combined into a set of four way valve controlled heat pump cooling. The heating system is constructed.

Therefore, A100 of FIG. 1 is commonly applied as a temperature pressure power automatic control device for operating the devices of A200 and A300 of FIG. 1, and is configured to operate by designing a heat pump type cooling and heating operation circuit.

2 is a flow chart and operation circuit diagram of a refrigerant when the apparatus of A100 and A200 of FIG. 1 is combined to operate a cooling and heating system by a stop valve operation.

FIG. 3 is a refrigerant flow diagram and a driving circuit diagram when A100 and A200 of FIG. 1 are combined to operate a cooling and heating system by solenoid valve control.

4 is a refrigerant flow diagram and an operation circuit diagram when A100 and A300 of FIG. 1 are combined to operate a cooling and heating system by four-way valve control.

Next, a representative diagram describes the functions and interactions of various devices of A100, A200, and A300 of FIG.

A101 (select switch: S / W) functions as a switch to switch the operation circuit on or off and the automatic and manual operation arbitrarily in the heat pump cooling, heating experiment and training system.

A102 (Toggle Switch: T.G / SW) functions as a switch to switch between cooling and heating operation in a 4-way valve type heat pump cooling, heating experiment and training system.

A103 (Push Button Switch: P.B) uses contact b as stop button when stopping operation in experiment and practice system, and use contact a as operation button when operating. Pressing the button opens contact b and closes contact a. When you release, the spring force automatically returns to the contact point a. The contact a opens and the contact b closes.

A104 (Emergency buzzer: B ′) is an emergency light when a buzzer sounds when an abnormality occurs during the operation of an educational device such as a thermal relay operation of an experiment or a training system.

A105 (motor speed controller: R.P.M METER) functions to increase / decrease cooling amount (evaporation amount) and heating amount (condensation amount) by adjusting motor speed of heat exchanger1, 2.

A106 (Magnetic switch: MC) is necessary for motor operation and auxiliary circuit operation on main circuits such as compressor motor, heat exchanger1, 2, and motor of experiment and practice system. The main contact point and the auxiliary contact point, which are contacts a, are closed by suction and if the current does not flow through the MC electronic coil, the contact point is opened to control the operation circuit.

A107 (thermal relay: T.h.r) is used to stop the operation by opening the contact when abnormal current flows due to the overload of compressor motor, heat exchanger1 and 2 of the experiment and training system due to the overload of motor. Restart by pressing the reset button.

A108 (Over Current Breaker: NF B): Automatically protects the circuit and devices from over current due to overload or short circuit in circuit due to the cause of compressor motor, heat exchanger1, 2 휀 motor of experiment and practice system. Operation is stopped by blocking. When disconnecting, there is no need to replace it with a fuse, and simply turn on the power by simply operating the handle.

A109 (Volt meter): Measures the amount of voltage applied to the compressor motor, heat exchanger1, 2 휀 motor and control equipment of the experiment and practice system.

A110 (Ammeter): Measures the amount of current applied to the compressor motor, heat exchanger1,2 휀 motor and control equipment of the experiment and practice system.

A111 (Terminal Base: T. B): Connects the power input and output to the terminal to be connected to the power source for the operation of the experiment, training system, and various devices.

A112 (Low pressure shut off switch: L. P. S): In the experiment and practice system, if the low pressure is lower than the set value during operation, the contact is opened and the operation is stopped and restarted when the normal low pressure is reached. The principle of operation is to turn off the contact when the detected pressure drops to the cut-in pressure. Evaporating temperature control and pressure control The principle that operation is stopped when the cooling temperature falls below the set temperature during automatic operation is that the high pressure rises and the low pressure goes down when the operation continues with the solenoid valve on the liquid pipe closed because the temperature control switch is opened. do. As the low pressure drops, the low pressure cut-off switch lowers to the cut in pressure, and the low pressure cut-off switch (LP S) contact opens, and the compressor motor and condenser fan motor installed on the circuit stops. When the cooling temperature rises, the contact of the temperature control switch is closed and the solenoid valve is opened.When the low and high pressure reaches the cut-out point of the low pressure cut-off switch while the balance is in progress, the low pressure cut-off switch (LP S) contact is closed to open the compressor in the circuit series. The motor of the motor and the condenser are started and normal operation is performed.

A113 (High pressure shut-off switch: H. P. S): When an abnormal pressure occurs on the equipment pipe during operation or practice system or when the discharge pressure of the compressor rises sharply, the contact is opened and the operation is stopped, which is usually used as a safety device. Principle of operation is to cut-off pressure when the detected pressure rises above the specified pressure and reaches the cut-out pressure. When the pressure is normal, the cut-out pressure is detected and restarted. At this time, the pressure difference between driving and stopping is called differential.

A114 (Relay: Ry): A device that opens and closes contacts by electromagnetic force in experiment and practice system. It is used in the self-maintaining circuit to automatically operate the compressor motor of the refrigeration unit and the motor of heat exchanger 1 and 2. It is also used for control on auxiliary circuits. When current flows through the Ry electromagnetic coil, the fixed iron core becomes an electromagnet, the movable iron piece is sucked in, and the movable contact connected thereto is in contact with the fixed contact. If the electromagnetic force is lost, the movable contact is returned to the spring force and returned to its original state.

A115 (Timer): Functions to operate the load and operation for a certain time (seconds) to the operation device and controller of the experiment and training system. In the refrigeration system, for example, in order to defrost for a certain time, the electric heater attached to the evaporator pipe is heated for the defrosting timer for the defrosting timer. It controls the time to induce hot gas defrosting by a certain time.

A116 (24h Timer): Defrost should be performed because it becomes a drop in the evaporator in the experiment and practice system, and the deterioration of freezing capacity is caused by the deterioration of the heat passing rate. The refrigeration training device is able to automatically defrost electric defrost and hot gas defrost as the timer setting time.When setting the defrost time, it is a 24-hour timer used in real industry. It operates during the set operation time and defrosting is performed periodically for the set pin time. At this time, it is a timer used to control operation and defrosting time automatically so that defrosting can be performed as much as the time set by defrosting automatically during operation for 24 hours a day.

A117 (Light: L): Function to display any operation status such as operation and stop light as signal according to the operation of experiment and training system.

A118 (Digital Thermometer): To test the performance of the experiment and practice system, measure the temperature at the designated temperature measurement site and perform the performance test of the freezer by drawing the humidity and steam diagrams using the temperature measurement of the measurement unit. Digital thermometer is necessary for temperature measurement of each part.

A119 (Temperature Controller: T / C1.2): Controls the operation to maintain the set temperature during cold and heating operation.

A201 (Compressor and motor) absorbs heat from the object to be cooled in the heat exchanger of the experiment and practice system, inhales and compresses the low-temperature, low-pressure gas and refrigerant to increase the pressure to close the intermolecular distance, The temperature is raised so that the gaseous refrigerant at room temperature can be easily liquefied in the heat exchanger. In other words, the heat obtained by evaporation of the refrigerant from the low heat source (evaporator) serves as a high temperature and high pressure to the high heat source (condenser).

A202 (Self-valve: SV1, SV2, SV3, SV4) is opened and closed depending on the circuit configuration during heat pump type cold and heating operation to switch the refrigerant flow direction to switch the cooling flow and heating operation Function.

A203 (stop valve: ST. V1, ST. V2, ST. V3, ST. V4, ST. V5) is opened and closed manually during heat pump type cooling and heating operation. It functions to change the refrigerant flow direction so that it can be operated.

A204 (Current check valve: C. V1, C. V2) allows the refrigerant to flow in only one direction during the heat pump type cooling and heating operation so that the refrigerant flows to cool during the cooling operation. It has a function of flowing the refrigerant so that it can be.

A205 (Dryer: Filter Drier) has various adverse effects on the refrigeration system when water and foreign substances are present in the refrigerant system of the experiment and practice system. Therefore, it is installed in the liquid pipe between the expansion valve and the receiver to solve this problem. And remove foreign objects.

A206 (Receiver) is a container that temporarily stores the refrigerant liquid liquefied in the heat exchanger of the experiment and practice system before sending it to the expansion valve. It is treated as a high-pressure container and pumped down when the device is repaired or stopped for a long time. It also serves to recover the refrigerant in the apparatus.

A207 (Expansion valve: EXP.V1, EXP.V2) is attached to Heat exchanger1, 2 inlet side and it is adiabatic expansion when heat exchanger functions as an evaporator during cooling operation and heating operation, and it cools liquid refrigerant of high temperature and high pressure. It is made of a low pressure liquid refrigerant so that it can evaporate in the heat exchanger.

A208 (heat exchanger 1, 2) is a heat pump cooling and heating in the cooling equipment, heat exchanger1 functions as an evaporator during cooling operation. When cold air is generated by the motor, heat exchanger2 becomes a condenser and heat during heating operation. The exchanger1 acts as a condenser and warm air is generated by the shock motor. At this time, the heat exchanger2 acts as an evaporator.

A209 (Accumulator) is installed in the suction pipe between the heat exchanger and the compressor of the experiment and practice system to separate the liquid refrigerant in the intake gas to protect the compressor by preventing liquid back to the compressor. Do it. The secondary function prevents the liquid in the heat exchanger from changing at startup.

A301 (Compressor and motor) absorbs heat from the object to be cooled in the evaporator of the experiment and practice system, inhales and compresses the low-temperature, low-pressure gas and refrigerant, and increases the pressure to close the intermolecular distance. Raise the gas refrigerant at room temperature so that it can be easily liquefied in the heat exchanger. In other words, the heat obtained by evaporation of the refrigerant from the low heat source (evaporator) serves as a high temperature and high pressure to the high heat source (condenser).

A302 (4-way valve) is a 4-way valve in a 4-way valve controlled heat pump cooling and heating education system. When the current flows, it becomes a cooling operation cycle. If the power is disconnected and no current flows, it becomes a heating operation cycle. The four-way valve functions to change the flow direction of the refrigerant to be a cooling and heating cycle depending on whether power is supplied.

A303 (heat exchanger 1, 2) is a heat pump cooling and heating in the cooling equipment, the heat exchanger1 functions as an evaporator during cooling operation. When cold air is generated by the motor, the heat exchanger2 is a condenser. The exchanger1 acts as a condenser and warm air is generated by the shock motor. At this time, the heat exchanger2 acts as an evaporator.

A304 (Return valve: C. V1, C. V2) is a heat pump for cooling and heating in the heat pump. Heat exchanger1 functions as an evaporator. When cold air is generated by the motor, heat exchanger2 becomes a condenser and heating operation. At the time, heat exchanger1 functions as a condenser and warm air is generated by the motor. At this time, heat exchanger2 functions as an evaporator.

A305 (Stop Valve: ST.V) is a four-way valve controlled heat pump cooling and heating educational device. After operation, keep it open for normal operation.

A306 (Dryer: Filter Drier) has various adverse effects on the refrigeration system when water and foreign substances are present in the refrigerant system of the experiment and practice system. Therefore, it is installed in the liquid pipe between the expansion valve and the receiver to solve the moisture in the system. And remove foreign objects.

A307 (S.V) is a four-valve valve controlled heat pump installed with solenoid valve (S.V) on the main pipe of the device to design and configure the pump down operation circuit during cooling operation in the cooling and heating education system. Function to make temperature and pressure automatic control operation.

A308 (Sight glass) checks whether the proper amount of refrigerant is charged on the receiver side of the liquid pipe of the experiment and practice system and the dry state of the refrigerant by color. When the proper amount of refrigerant is filled and the condensation is good, the foam disappears and the liquid passes through the clear liquid refrigerant. When bubbles do not move, when there are bubbles only on the inlet side and not visible on the outlet side, when the bubbles are not continuous and sometimes visible, the appropriate amount of refrigerant is considered to be charged.

A309 (Receiver: Receiver) is a container that temporarily stores the refrigerant liquid liquefied in the heat exchanger of the experiment and training system before sending it to the expansion valve. It is treated as a high-pressure container and pumped down when the refrigeration unit is repaired or stopped for a long time. It also serves to recover the refrigerant in the device.

A310 (Expansion valve: EXP.V1, EXP.V2) is attached to Heat exchanger1, 2 inlet side, it is adiabatic expansion when heat exchanger functions as evaporator during cooling operation and heating operation, and it cools liquid refrigerant of high temperature and high pressure. The low pressure liquid refrigerant is used to allow the evaporator to evaporate.

As described above, the functions and interactions of various devices have been described.

Next, the implementation principle of the stop valve manual control cooling and heating system will be described with reference to FIG.

The operating principle of the manual control cooling system of the stop valve is as follows based on the flow chart of FIG.

Stop valve ST. V1, ST. Close V3 and solenoid valves SV1, SV2, SV3, SV4 and stop the valve ST. V2, ST. V4, ST. When operating with V5 open, Heat exchanger1 becomes evaporator and it is operated by cooling (cool air). Principle of operation The liquid refrigerant in the low temperature and low pressure refrigerant evaporated in the heat exchanger1 is separated from the accumulator, and only the pure low temperature and low pressure gas refrigerant is sucked into the compressor and the refrigerant is compressed to the condensing pressure so that it is easily condensed and liquefied in the heat exchanger2. To make gaseous refrigerant. High-temperature, high-pressure gaseous refrigerant is condensed and liquefied in Heat exchanger2. C. V2, Filter Drier, ST. It passes through V5 and Receiver and is adiabaticly expanded by expansion valve EXP.V1 to become a low-temperature, low-pressure liquid refrigerant and evaporates in heat exchanger1. At this time, the air cooling fan motor cycles the cooling system.

The operating principle of the heating system will be described based on the flowchart of FIG. 2 B200.

Stop valve ST. V2, ST. Close V4 and solenoid valves SV1, SV3, SV4 and stop valves ST.V1, ST. V3, ST. Open and operate V5 and heat exchanger1 becomes condenser to become heating system.

Principle of operation is low temperature low pressure gas refrigerant evaporated from Heat exchanger2. It passes through V3, Accumulator and is sucked into the compressor. It raises the pressure and temperature of the gas refrigerant to the condensing pressure so that condensation liquid is easy in the heat exchanger1. At this time, the air exchange type is air-cooled in the heat exchanger1.

On the other hand, high temperature and high pressure liquid refrigerant condensed in Heat exchanger1 is C. V1, Filter Drier, ST. Only pure liquid refrigerant is adiabaticly expanded by expansion valve EXP.V2 as it is temporarily stored in the receiver tank after passing through V5. Therefore, the liquid refrigerant of high temperature and high pressure turns into liquid refrigerant of low temperature and low pressure, and evaporates again from the heat exchanger2. V3, through Accumulator 1, is sucked into the compressor and the cycle of continuous mechanical heat pump heating (hot air) system proceeds.

Referring to the operation of the operation circuit for the stop valve control, heat pump cooling, heating system by the B300 circuit diagram as follows. First, the operation of the cooling operation circuit will be described.

ST. V1, ST. Close V3 and press ST. V2 and ST. V4, ST. With V5 open, the circuit of Fig. 2B300 is constructed with pananat using the automatic operation panel device of Fig. 1A100.

After constructing the circuit of FIG. 2 B300 and turning on the N. F. B switch of FIG. 1 A100, it can be seen that the power lamp P. L and the stop lamp R. L are turned on and the operation is stopped.

When PB2 (START) button is turned on, Ry is excited and Ry-a contact is closed, so Ry magnetic holding circuit is composed and MC1 and MC2 are excited to operate compressor moter, heat exchanger2, and heat exchanger1 to operate normally. At this time, operation lamp G.L is turned on and stop lamp R.L is turned off.

On the other hand, the temperature control switch T / C1 for heating is closed because the temperature is always lower than the set temperature, and the power is turned on.When the temperature control switch T / C2 for cooling is below the set temperature (setting temperature), the contact opens to open the MC1 element and the compressor moter. And heat exchanger2 are stopped and the load increases to reach the set temperature of heat exchanger1. The T / C2 contact closes and MC1 is excited to operate the compressor moter and heat exchanger2 to operate normally.

At this time, since MC2 is excited, heat exchanger1 continues to operate and the operation is stopped by pressing PB1 (STOP) button, and the power lamp P. L and the stop lamp R. L turn on.

If Thr or H. P. S is activated during operation, emergency lamp Y. L lights up, emergency bell (B ') rings and all lines stop.

2 is a description of the operation of the electric circuit for the B200 heating operation system diagram is the same as the description of the operation of the B300 electric circuit for the FIG. 2 B100 cooling operation system, and only manual valve operation is performed using the ST.V2 and ST. Close V4 and ST. V1 and ST. If V3 is opened and the operation circuit is configured in the same way, the direction of refrigerant flow is changed and heating is operated.

Next, the implementation principle of the solenoid valve-controlled automatic control cooling and heating system will be described with reference to FIG.

First, the operation principle of the cooling system will be described based on the refrigerant flow chart of FIG. 3C100.

Stop valve ST. V1, ST. V2, ST. V3, ST. Close V4 and solenoid valves S. V1, S. V3 and close solenoid valves S. V2, S. V4 and stop valves ST. When operating with V5 open, Heat exchanger1 becomes an evaporator and becomes a cooling (cooling air) operating system.

Principle of operation The low temperature and low pressure refrigerant evaporated in Heat exchanger1 passes through S. V4, the liquid refrigerant is separated from Accumulator, and only the pure low temperature low pressure gas refrigerant is sucked into the compressor and the refrigerant to condensation pressure is easily condensed in Heat exchanger2. Compress to produce a high-temperature, high-pressure gas refrigerant.

High-temperature, high-pressure gaseous refrigerant passes through S. V2 and liquefies condensation in Heat exchanger2. It passes through V5 and Receiver and is adiabaticly expanded by expansion valve EXP.V1 to become a low-temperature, low-pressure liquid refrigerant and evaporates in heat exchanger1. At this time, cooling (cooling air) is generated by air cooling fan motor.

The low-temperature and low-pressure refrigerant evaporated from the heat exchanger1 passes through S. V4, and the liquid refrigerant is separated from the accumulator. Only the pure gas refrigerant is sucked into the compressor and compressed to the condensing pressure so that it is easy to condense in the heat exchanger2. The cycle of the system proceeds.

Next, the operation principle of the heating system will be described based on the refrigerant flow chart of C200 of FIG.

Stop valve ST. V1, ST. V2, ST. V3, ST. Close V4, solenoid valves S. V2, S. V4, and solenoid valves S. V1, S. V3 and stop valves ST. Opening and operating V5, the heat exchanger Heatexchanger1 becomes a condenser and becomes a heating system.

Principle of operation The low-temperature low-pressure gas refrigerant evaporated from the heat exchanger2 is sucked into the compressor through SV3, Accumulator, and the compressor raises the pressure and temperature of the sucked gas refrigerant, passes through S. V1, and air-cooled in the heat exchanger1. The warm air (heating) is generated by the rotation.

On the other hand, the high-temperature and high-pressure liquid refrigerant condensed in the heat exchanger1 is temporarily stored in the receiver tank through C. V1 and the filter tier so that only pure liquid refrigerant is adiabaticly expanded in the expansion valve EXP.V2. It is transformed into refrigerant and evaporated again in Heat exchanger2, passes through SV3, Accumulator, sucked into compressor and compressed, and cycle of continuous mechanical heat pump heating (hot air) system proceeds.

The operation circuit for the solenoid valve control, heat pump cooling, and heating system is explained by the circuit diagram of C300 as follows. First, the operation of the cooling operation circuit diagram will be described.

Stop valve ST. C100 system. V1, ST. V2, ST. V3, ST. Close the V4 and connect and configure the C300 autonomous operation circuit by using pananatq by using the autonomous operation panel device of Fig. 1A100.

After configuring the circuit, turn on the power of N. F. B switch of A100 automatic operation control device. If S / SW is set to cooling during normal operation, solenoid valves S. V1 and S. V3 are closed and S. V2 and S. V4 are opened to become a cooling system.

When PB2 (START) button is turned on for cooling operation, Ry is excited and Ry-a contact is closed, so the Ry magnetic holding circuit is composed and MC1 and MC2 are excited to operate the compressor and heat exchanger1.2 to operate normally. At this time, operation lamp G. L is turned on and stop lamp R. L is turned off.

On the other hand, the heating temperature control switch T / C1 is operated with the temperature lower than the set temperature. Therefore, the heating temperature control switch T / C1 is kept closed and the electricity is supplied. The cooling temperature control switch T / C2 opens the contact when the heat exchange1 is lower than the set temperature. When the heat exchanger2 stops and the cooling action stops and reaches the set temperature again, the T / C2 contact closes and the compressor and the heat exchanger2 operate to start the cooling action. The normal operation is always performed while maintaining the constant cooling temperature.

Since the Ry-a contact is closed during this operation control, the MC2 continues to operate until the PB1 (STOP) button is pressed.

Press STOP (PB1) button to stop operation and P.L lamp and R.L light up.

When switching to the heating operation during the cooling operation is as follows.

When S / SW is put into heating, S. V1 and S. V3 are opened and S. V2 and S. V4 are closed, and the flow direction of refrigerant is reversed. Heat exchanger1 becomes condenser and hot air is generated by condenser and motor. Becomes At this time, T / C2 (cooling temperature control switch) is always closed because the heat exchanger1 is heated to generate high temperature due to heating, so electricity is on and T / C1 (heating temperature control switch) is set to the heat exchanger1 temperature. When the temperature is over, Compressor and Heat exchanger2 stops working, and when the temperature of Heat exchanger1 falls below the set value (set temperature), the T / C1 contact is closed to operate the compressor and Heat exchanger2 automatically.

The following describes the principle of the four-way valve control automatic control cooling and heating system based on FIG.

First, the operation principle of the cooling system will be described based on the refrigerant flow diagram of FIG. 4D100.

Low-temperature and low-pressure refrigerant gas from the heat exchanger1 passes through the 4-way valve, and the liquid refrigerant is separated into the accumulator. Only the gas refrigerant is sucked into the compressor, and after passing through the 4-way valve, condensation is liquefied in the heat exchanger2.

Meanwhile, the high pressure refrigerant condensed and liquefied in the heat exchanger2 passes through the reverse valve (C. V2). In addition, the refrigerant does not flow into EXP. V2 because the pressure inside the pipe on the opposite side and the pressure equalization state.

The refrigerant continues to st. After passing through V, Filter Drier, S. V, Sight glass and Receiver, it expands adiabaticly in expansion valve (EXP.V1) and the high temperature and high pressure liquid refrigerant becomes low temperature low pressure liquid refrigerant and evaporates in Heat exchanger1.

Cool air is generated by air-cooled fan motor of heat exchanger1 to become heat pump type cooling system.

On the other hand, when the refrigerant passes through the expansion valve (EXP.V1), only the heat exchanger1, not the reverse valve (C. V1), passes through the heat exchanger1.

The refrigerant evaporates in the heat exchanger1 to achieve the cooling purpose. The refrigerant, which is a low-temperature, low-pressure gas, is sucked back into the compressor through a 4-way valve and an accumulator to form a cooling system for a compressed and continuous mechanical heat pump cycle.

Next, the operation principle of the heating system will be described based on the refrigerant flow chart of FIG. 4D200.

The low pressure low temperature refrigerant gas from the heat exchanger2 passes through the 4-way valve, and the refrigerant liquid not evaporated from the accumulator is separated. Only the pure low temperature and low pressure gas refrigerant is sucked into the compressor and compressed to be easily condensed and liquefied in the heat exchanger1.

The high-temperature, high-pressure refrigerant gas compressed by the compressor rises to the condensation pressure, and the refrigerant gas is condensed and liquefied in the heat exchanger1.

At this time, the hot motor of Heat exchanger1 is used to liquefy the high temperature refrigerant, so warm hot air is generated and it is used as heating.

Meanwhile, the high temperature and high pressure refrigerant condensed and liquefied in Heat exchanger1 is C. V1, ST. Through the V, Filter Drier, S. V, Sight glass, Receiver, and adiabatic expansion in the expansion valve (EXP.V2), the low temperature, low pressure liquid refrigerant evaporates in the heat exchanger2.

At this time, the refrigerant passing through the expansion valve does not flow into the reverse valve (C. V2), because the refrigerant on the opposite side is a high pressure, the refrigerant flows only to the heat exchanger2 due to the pressure difference.

Low-temperature, low-pressure gas refrigerant from the heat exchanger2 passes through the 4-way valve, and liquid is separated from the accumulator. Pure low-temperature, low-pressure gas refrigerant is sucked into the compressor, compressed, and mechanical heat pump heating cycle proceeds.

Next, the automatic operation circuit operation of the four-way valve control type automatic control cooling and heating system will be described with reference to FIG. 4D300 operation circuit diagram as follows.

When the 4-way valve is turned on, refrigerant flows from the compressor to Heat exchanger2. Heat exchanger2 becomes a condenser and Heat exchanger1 becomes an evaporator. Therefore, cold air is generated by the motor of heat exchanger1. If the power is not turned on, the refrigerant flows from the compressor to Heat exchanger1 and Heat exchanger1 becomes the condenser. Therefore, warm air is generated by the motor of Heat exchanger1. At this time, Heat exchanger2 becomes the evaporator.

The operation being operated will be described with reference to the circuit diagram as follows. 4 is connected to a banana jack using the automatic operation control panel device of FIG. 1A100.

After constructing the circuit, turn on the N.F.B switch of the automatic operation control panel device of A100 and turn on the power, the power lamp P.L and the stop lamp R.L will light.

T. Set G / SW (toggle switch) to cooling.

When PB2 (START) button is pressed for cooling operation, Ry is excited and the Ry-a contact is closed, so the Ry magnetic holding circuit is composed. Therefore, MC1 and MC2 are excited and the compressor, heat exchanger1, and 2 are operated normally.

At this time, operation lamp G. L is turned on and stop lamp R. L is turned off. On the other hand, T / C1 (heating temperature control switch) is kept closed because the temperature of heat exchanger1 is lower than setting value (setting temperature), and electricity flows while T / C2 (cooling temperature control switch) is setting temperature (setting value of heat exchanger1) When temperature is below), the contact is opened and MC1 is decompressed and the compressor and heat exchanger2 are stopped.The cooling operation is stopped. When the heat exchanger1 becomes higher than the set temperature, the contact is closed and MC1 is excited, so the compressor and heat exchanger2 are operated. This is going on. MC2 is kept energized and Ry-a contact is closed during cooling temperature automatic control operation. Heat exchanger1 continues to operate until PB1 (STOP) button is pressed.

When PB1 (STOP) button is pressed, operation stops and P. L lamp and R. L light up. If Thr or HPS operates during normal operation, emergency lamp Y. L lights and emergency bell rings and all lines stop. Goes.

4 is a description of the operation of the electric circuit for the D200 heating operation system, when operating the T. G / SW during the operation of the cooling operation system in the heating direction of the refrigerant is converted only as the flow diagram of the D200 refrigerant flow heat exchanger1 condenser Therefore, a warm air is generated and it becomes a heating system. At this time, T / C1 (heating temperature control switch) is over the set temperature of heat exchanger1, and the contact is opened so that the compressor and heat exchanger2 stop. The contactor / C1 contact is closed and the compressor and heat exchanger2 are in operation.

On the other hand, T / C2 (cooling temperature control switch) is always closed because the heat exchanger1 is above the set temperature during heating operation, so the current flows.

We expected the visual, auditory, perceptual, and sensory learning effects in the theory and practice classes of related educational subjects.

Complex, concealed refrigeration unit and automatic control can be miniaturized, expressed, and set for easy movement and can be utilized anywhere and anytime.

The circuit is formed by connecting the refrigeration unit and the automatic control device with pananat, so it can be easily understood and configured in a short time, and if it is misconfigured, it can be corrected immediately.

It is economical because it can save a lot of training materials costs because it uses non-consumable panana tweets instead of using vinyl wires.

Refrigerator operating circuit configuration and electrical (including single and three phase) power wiring exercises can be conducted step by step, depending on the difficulty.

Since the temperature and pressure of each part can be measured during operation of the refrigerator, the freezer diagram can be calculated to calculate the output and heat input, and the practical training for design operation, integration, inspection, and repair necessary for the operation of the refrigerator and the manufacture of the refrigerator can be conducted.

It is designed to be able to perform the configuration and operation of the refrigerator by hand, and it is especially designed to be suitable as educational equipment in the field of refrigeration technology in the international technical competition and the national technical competition.

Claims (3)

Fig. 1 A stop valve and a solenoid valve controlled heat pump cooling and heating education system configured to change the function of the heat exchanger1 to cooling and heating by switching to cooling and heating operation according to opening and closing of the stop valve and solenoid valve among devices installed in the A200 device. The implementation principle that works with. Figure 1 A300 is a device installed in the A300 device is switched to the cooling, heating operation depending on whether the power supply of the four-way valve implementation of the four-way valve controlled heat pump cooling and heating education system configured to change the function of the heat exchanger1 to cooling and heating implementation principle. Stop valve, solenoid valve, four-way valve controlled heat pump An automatic control panel device and operation circuit diagram configured to operate after connecting and configuring the lines by using pananat for the operation of cooling and heating devices.