KR100738481B1 - Air-conditioning laboratory equipment using liquid nitrogen - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention enables the trainees to directly operate the air conditioning system used in the actual industrial field, so that the trainee can directly operate the air conditioning system, thereby liquefying the principle of controlling the air conditioning system through direct experimental practice. An air conditioning experiment apparatus using nitrogen. According to the present invention, there is provided an air conditioning experiment apparatus comprising various air conditioning refrigerators arranged on a table 1 and a control panel 100 for controlling these air conditioning refrigerators. The air conditioning refrigeration apparatus arranged in the air is cooled by vaporizing liquefied nitrogen with a duct unit for sucking and discharging air between the outside and the inside of the chamber 11 and the air flowing into the chamber 11 through the duct unit. Provided is an air conditioning experiment apparatus using liquefied nitrogen, comprising a cooling unit for making a gas.

Air Conditioning Experiment Device, Liquid Nitrogen, Duct, Chamber, Vaporizer, Blower Fan

Description

Air-conditioning laboratory equipment using liquid nitrogen

1 is a perspective view of an air conditioning experimental apparatus using liquefied nitrogen according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention,

2 is a perspective view of the air conditioning experiment apparatus,

3 and 4 is a left side view and a right side view of the air conditioning experiment apparatus,

5 is a perspective view of a vaporizer used in the air conditioning experiment apparatus,

6A, 6B, 6C and 6D are a perspective view, a rear view, a plan view and a left side view of a duct and a chamber used in the air conditioning experiment apparatus;

7a to 7e is a view showing each part of the control panel for the air conditioning experiment apparatus,

8 is a system schematic diagram of the air conditioning experiment apparatus;

9 is a driving circuit diagram for the air conditioning experiment apparatus.

The present invention enables the trainees to directly operate the air conditioning system used in the actual industrial field in the relevant educational institution, so that the principle of controlling the air conditioning system can be directly observed, researched, and applied through experimental practice. An air conditioning experiment apparatus using a liquid nitrogen.

In more detail, the present invention is configured to directly connect the devices attached to the automatic control panel by using a banana jack to configure the air conditioning refrigeration circuit to be configured to enable automatic control operation, and to manufacture, repair, and inspect the air conditioner. The present invention relates to an air conditioning experiment apparatus that is configured to provide practical training for integration.

In general, in the case of using an air conditioning system, since the temperature and humidity of the external air introduced for the ventilation of the room is different from the temperature and humidity of the indoor air, it should be cooled, dehumidified or heated and humidified to be the same as the condition of the indoor air. The heat flowing directly into the air conditioning target space is called the indoor heat load, and the amount of heat required to cool or heat the ventilation outside air to the indoor condition is called the external load. At this time, the heating load is called cooling load when cooling is required, and heating load is called when heating is required.

Air conditioning systems typically include a heat or cold source, an AHU (Air Handling Unit), an air distribution unit, and an automatic control device. When heating air, an air heater that supplies heat and a humidifier heater are used as the heat source, and when the air is cooled, the freezer is used as a cold source. AHU removes dust and impurities from the air and then controls the temperature and humidity of the air using a heat or cold source and a humidifier. The air whose temperature and humidity are properly controlled through the AHU is properly distributed and blown to a place requiring air by an air distribution device consisting of a blower fan and a duct. The automatic control device is capable of automatically performing various operations in order to maintain a constant temperature and humidity of the room and to operate economically in performing heating and cooling.

In the industrial field, the air conditioning system is composed of various mechanical devices and electric and sensor automatic control devices. Therefore, in order to construct the air conditioning system, it is necessary to understand and design the principle and function of the mechanical device, and the principle of electric and sensor automatic control of the air conditioner, the control operation and the circuit design ability are essential.

However, most of the industrial air conditioners and machine control systems are large and concealed, and thus, air conditioners, principles and functions, and automatic control experiments are difficult and limited.

Therefore, there is a need for a system that can easily understand and experiment with the electrical and automatic control equipment and A / S of the air conditioning system.

The present invention has been made to solve the problems described above, an object of the present invention is to make it easy for the educated person in the educational institution by expressing, miniaturizing and setting the automatic control devices and devices of the air conditioning system that are complicated and concealed in the case. It is intended to provide an air conditioning experiment apparatus using liquefied nitrogen that can experiment and practice the experiment, practice and automatic control circuit design composition operation implementation principle necessary for the configuration of the apparatus.

In addition, another object of the present invention, by using a variety of control devices attached to the automatic control panel of the air conditioning apparatus by the trainees directly configure the wire to the banana jack for the experiment training target circuit diagram by operating the device and checking the operation state It is to provide an air conditioning experiment apparatus using liquefied nitrogen that allows the performance test during operation of the air conditioning apparatus.

According to the present invention for achieving the above object, an air conditioning experiment apparatus comprising various air conditioning refrigerators arranged on a table, and a control panel for controlling these air conditioning refrigerators, arranged on the table. The air conditioning refrigerator includes a duct unit for sucking and discharging air between the outside and the inside of the chamber, and a cooling unit for cooling the air introduced into the chamber through the duct unit by vaporizing liquid nitrogen. An air conditioning experiment apparatus using liquefied nitrogen is provided.

Hereinafter, with reference to the accompanying drawings will be described in detail a preferred embodiment of the air conditioning experimental apparatus using liquefied nitrogen according to the present invention.

As shown in the figure, the air conditioning experiment apparatus according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the various air conditioning refrigeration apparatus arranged on the table (1), and the control panel 100 for controlling these air conditioning refrigeration apparatus Consists of including.

As shown in FIGS. 1 to 4 and 8, the air conditioning refrigerator arranged on the table 1 includes a duct unit for sucking and discharging air between the outside and the inside of the chamber 11. It comprises a cooling unit for cooling the air flowing into the chamber 11 through the duct unit.

As shown in FIGS. 6A to 6D, the duct unit includes a chamber 11, an inlet duct 12 for supplying air from the outside of the chamber 11, and an interior from the outside of the chamber 11. An outlet duct 13 for discharging air to the furnace, and a bypass passage 14 connecting the inlet duct 12 and the outlet duct 13 with each other.

The chamber 11 is a test volume to be controlled through the air conditioning experiment apparatus according to the present invention.

A blowing fan 15 for flowing air is provided at a predetermined position inside the inflow duct 12. The inlet part of the inlet duct 12 is provided with an opening and closing door 12a for opening and closing the inlet. The outlet portion of the inlet duct 12, that is, the portion where the inlet duct and the chamber are connected, may be provided with an air flow rate meter for measuring the flow rate of air.

At the outlet portion of the outflow duct 13, an opening and closing door 13a for opening and closing the outlet is provided.

The bypass passage 14 is for improving energy efficiency, and the inlet portion of the inlet duct 12 and the outlet portion of the outlet duct 13 communicate with each other, and the outlet duct 13 is disposed in the bypass passage 14. Another opening and closing door 14a is installed to control or block the amount of air flowing into the inlet duct 12 from the.

The duct unit may be made of an open circuit or a closed circuit as necessary. That is, in the case of an open circuit, the opening / closing door 12a of the inflow duct 12 and the opening / closing door 13a of the outflow duct 13 are left open, and the opening / closing door 14a of the bypass passage 14 is closed. It is in a state. In the closed circuit, the opening / closing door 12a of the inlet duct 12 and the opening / closing door 13a of the outlet duct 13 are in a closed state, and the opening / closing door 14a of the bypass passage 14 is in an open state. Shall be.

According to the present invention, the chamber 11 of the duct unit, the inlet and outlet ducts 12 and 13, and the bypass passage 14 are all transparent materials such as transparent acrylic so that the trainee can understand the principle of the air conditioning system. It is desirable to be made of.

The cooling unit includes a liquefied nitrogen container 21 containing liquefied nitrogen, a vaporizer 22 disposed in the inlet duct 12 of the duct unit, and the like.

Between this liquefied nitrogen container 21 and the vaporizer 22, the 1st piping 23 for delivering liquid nitrogen from the liquefied nitrogen container 21 to the vaporizer 22 is provided. The nitrogen vaporized while passing through the vaporizer 22 is discharged into the atmosphere through the second pipe 24 or circulated into the inlet duct 12 through the third pipe 25 branched from the second pipe 24. .

In order to discharge or circulate the vaporized nitrogen gas in this way, the first solenoid valve 24a is disposed upstream of the branch point and the second solenoid valve 24b is disposed downstream of the second pipe 24 and the third pipe One third solenoid valve 25a is disposed at 25.

In order to discharge the vaporized nitrogen into the atmosphere, both the first and second solenoid valves 24a and 24b disposed in the second pipe 24 are opened to operate, and in order to circulate the vaporized nitrogen into the inlet duct 12, 2, the 1st solenoid valve 24a arrange | positioned at the piping 24 and the 3rd solenoid valve 25a arrange | positioned at the 3rd piping 25 are operated to open.

As shown in FIG. 5, the vaporizer 22 includes a plurality of basic modules of an aero-fin coil tube type. The tube material of each base module is a copper tube and the aero-fin coil is aluminum, with 28 fins per base module connected in the shape of a coil. The carburetor consists of, for example, 98 basic modules connected vertically and horizontally.

Since the duct unit and the cooling unit are configured as described above, the liquid nitrogen having a vaporization temperature of -196 ° C is supplied to the vaporizer 22 and vaporized while being flowed by the blower fan 15 and supplied to the chamber 11. It is possible to cool the inside of the chamber 11 by cooling the air.

An embodiment of a control panel for controlling respective components of the above-described duct unit and cooling unit will be described.

As shown in FIGS. 1 to 4 and 7a to 7e, the control panel 100 includes a switch module 110, a relay timer module 120, a power sensor control module 130, and an M / C. Relay terminal module 140 and pressure temperature control module 150.

The switch module 110 includes a select switch 111, a toggle switch 112, a push button switch 113, a buzzer 114, and a lamp 115 of red, green, yellow, and white.

The relay timer module 120 includes a relay 121, a second timer 122, and a time timer 123.

The power sensor control module 130 includes an ammeter 131, a voltmeter 132, each input / output terminal 133, an overcurrent cutoff switch 134 (NFB), a toggle switch 135, an AC power lamp 136, and a fuse. It consists of 137.

The M / C relay terminal module 140 includes a magnetic switch 141, a relay 142, and a terminal base input / output terminal 143.

The pressure temperature control module 150 includes a low temperature controller 151 capable of controlling low temperature, a low pressure cutoff switch 152, and a high pressure cutoff switch 153.

Hereinafter, functions and interactions of various devices of the control panel 100 described above will be described with reference to FIGS. 7A to 7E.

Referring to FIG. 7A, on the switch module 110, automatic and semi-automatic operation can be selected in a predetermined device connected by a banana jack according to the select switch 111, and a banana jack according to the toggle switch 112. It is possible to turn on and off the operation in the predetermined device connected by the. The pushbutton switch 113 may open and close the contact.

As the buzzer 114 and the lamp 115, it is possible to find out the status of each device connected by using a banana jack. That is, according to the buzzer 114, it is possible to sound a warning in case of an emergency such as an overload of the connected device, and the lamp 115 may check whether the connected device is in operation or the like.

All these devices can be connected to and used as banana jacks.

Referring to FIG. 7B, on the relay timer module 120, the relay 121 (Ry) is a device having a function of opening and closing a contact by an electromagnetic force in an experiment and a training system, and is utilized in the configuration of a self-maintaining circuit to be a fan of a refrigerating device. It is used to automatically drive a motor and so on and to control the auxiliary circuit. When current flows through the relay electromagnetic coil, the fixed iron core becomes an electromagnet, the movable iron piece is sucked in, and the movable contact connected thereto is in contact with the fixed contact. If the electromagnetic force is lost, the movable contact is returned to the spring force and returned to its original state.

The second timer 122 and the time timer 123 controls the operating time of each device connected in seconds and time units, respectively.

Referring to FIG. 7C, on the power sensor control module 130, the current meter 131 measures an amount of current applied to a fan motor, a controller, and the like. The voltmeter 132 measures the amount of voltage applied to the fan motor and the controller.

The toggle switch 135 converts AC power into DC power. The AC power supply lamp 136 confirms whether the AC power is on or off, and the overcurrent cutoff switch 134 (NFB) protects the wiring and the device from overcurrent due to an overload or a short circuit on the wiring due to a fan motor or the like for some reason. In order to shut down the circuit automatically, the operation is stopped. When disconnecting, there is no need to replace it with a fuse, and the power can be turned on easily by simply operating the handle.

Referring to FIG. 7D, on the M / C relay terminal module 140, the relay 142 (Ry) is a device having a function of opening and closing a contact point by an electromagnetic force in an experiment and a training system as described above. It is used to automatically operate the fan motor of the refrigerating device and to control the auxiliary circuit. When current flows through the relay electromagnetic coil, the fixed iron core becomes an electromagnet, the movable iron piece is sucked in, and the movable contact connected thereto is in contact with the fixed contact. If the electromagnetic force is lost, the movable contact is returned to the spring force and returned to its original state.

Magnetic switch 141 (M / C) is required for motor operation and auxiliary circuit operation on main circuits such as compressor motor and condenser fan motor of experiment and training system, and is activated when current flows in magnetic switch electromagnetic coil. The main contact and the auxiliary contact, which are contacts a, are closed by sucking and if the current does not flow through the magnetic switch electronic coil, the contact is opened to control the operation circuit. The terminal base input / output terminal 143 is connected to a terminal so that power can be connected for the operation of an experiment, a training system, and various devices, and functions to connect a power input and an output to operate according to a circuit configuration.

Referring to FIG. 7E, the low temperature controller 151 capable of controlling low temperature on the pressure temperature control module 150 measures and measures the temperature of a predetermined temperature measuring part for a performance test when the experimental apparatus is operated. A wet steam diagram is plotted with the temperature measurement of to perform the performance test of the freezer.

The low pressure shut-off switch 152 (L.P.S) is opened when the low pressure becomes lower than the set value during operation, the supply of the liquid nitrogen to the vaporizer 22 is stopped, and is supplied again when the normal low pressure is reached. The principle of operation is that if the evaporating temperature is lower than the setting value, if the temperature control switch contact is opened and operation continues with the solenoid valve on the liquid pipe closed, the high pressure rises and the low pressure drops. Eventually, the low pressure drops to the cut-out point, and the low-pressure cut-off switch opens the contact, so the supply of liquefied nitrogen is stopped and the freezing action is stopped. Since the switch contacts are closed to open the solenoid valve, the high and low pressure balance (high pressure drop, low pressure rise) is in progress.The low pressure cut-off switch reaches the cut in point and the low pressure cut-off switch contact is closed, so the supply of liquid nitrogen is resumed. It becomes normal operation.

The high pressure cut-off switch 153 (HPS) generates abnormal pressure in the high-pressure side pipe during operation (blocking pipe, freezing expansion valve water, etc.) and when the high pressure rapidly rises to reach the cut out point, the contact is opened to operate. After stopping, it restarts by removing the cause and pressing the reset button.

9 is a driving circuit diagram for an air conditioning experiment apparatus using liquefied nitrogen of the present invention.

From here,

L1, L2: Supply line voltage and power.

NFB: Over current breaker, overload or overload, safety device to stop system operation by short circuit.

MC-a: Magnetic "a" Contact

BFM: Motor for Blower Fan

PL: Power lamp (red)

PB1: Pushbutton "a" Switch (Operation Switch)

PB2: Pushbutton "b" Switch (Stop Switch)

Ry-a: Relay "a" Contact

Ry-b: Relay "b" Contact

Ry: Relay Coil

YL: Stop lamp (yellow)

MC: Magnetic Coil

TC: Temperature control switch, to control chamber temperature (sensor position: settle inside chamber)

DPS: Differential pressure safety switch, when the pressure rises above, open the solenoid valve to cancel the high pressure momentarily.

TS1: Toggle switch, manually releases waste nitrogen into the atmosphere.

TS2: Toggle switch to manually circulate waste nitrogen by introducing waste nitrogen into the system.

SV1: Open and close the liquid nitrogen inlet.

SV2: Open when nitrogen is released into the atmosphere.

SV3: Opens when waste nitrogen enters the system.

According to the air conditioning experiment apparatus of the present invention as described above, as a temperature, pressure and power automatic control device for operating the device to design a variety of operating circuits from the basic to the major, application circuits to be configured to operate as a banana jack It was.

As described above, according to the present invention, visual, auditory, perceptual, and sensory learning effects can be expected in the theory and practice classes of related education courses such as a freezer.

In addition, the device according to the present invention is compact, expressive, and set the air conditioning system machinery and automatic control that is complex and concealed, easy to move, anytime, anywhere can be utilized anywhere.

In addition, since the apparatus according to the present invention constitutes a circuit by connecting the air conditioning refrigeration machine and the automatic control device with a banana jack, it can be easily understood and configured in a short time, and can be immediately corrected when misconfigured.

In addition, according to the device of the present invention, because the use of non-consumable banana jack without using the vinyl wire in the practical education can save a lot of training material cost is economical.

In addition, according to the present invention, a simple and transparent configuration of an air conditioning system used in an actual industrial site and used in an actual building makes it very easy for a teacher to explain the operation principle of the air conditioning system to students, and the learning effect is very large.

In addition, according to the present invention, the operation circuit configuration of the air conditioning refrigeration apparatus and the power wiring practice of electric (including single phase and three phase) can be carried out step by step according to the difficulty.

In addition, according to the present invention, it is possible to measure the temperature and pressure of each part during the operation of the air conditioning refrigeration system, so that the draft of the wet air is calculated to calculate the heat flow in and out, so that the design, integration, inspection, repair, etc. necessary for the operation inspection of the device and the manufacture of the system are practical. Education can be done.

Claims (5)

An air conditioning experiment apparatus comprising various air conditioning refrigerators arranged on a table 1 and a control panel 100 for controlling these air conditioning refrigerators, The air conditioner refrigerator arranged on the table 1 includes a duct unit for sucking and discharging air between the outside and the inside of the chamber 11, and the air flowing into the chamber 11 through the duct unit. A cooling unit for cooling by vaporizing liquefied nitrogen, The duct unit includes a chamber 11, an inlet duct 12 for supplying air from the outside of the chamber 11, and an outlet duct 13 for discharging air from the inside of the chamber 11 to the outside. ), A bypass passage 14 connecting the inlet duct 12 and the outlet duct 13 to each other, and a blower fan 15 provided in the inlet duct 12 to flow air. Include, The cooling unit is configured to transfer liquefied nitrogen from the liquefied nitrogen container 21 containing the liquefied nitrogen, the vaporizer 22 disposed inside the inlet duct 12, and the liquefied nitrogen container 21 to the vaporizer 22. The inlet duct 12 through which the first pipe 23 for discharge, the second pipe 24 for discharging the vaporized nitrogen while passing through the vaporizer 22, and the vaporized nitrogen branched from the second pipe 24 are discharged. An air conditioning experiment apparatus using liquefied nitrogen, characterized in that it comprises a third pipe (25) for circulating into. delete The method of claim 1, The inlet part of the inlet duct 12 is provided with an opening / closing door 12a for opening and closing the inlet. The outlet part of the outlet duct 13 is provided with an opening and closing door 13a for opening and closing this outlet. In the passage passage 14 is provided another opening and closing door 14a for adjusting or blocking the amount of air flowing from the outlet duct 13 to the inlet duct 12, In the duct unit, the opening / closing door 12a of the inlet duct 12 and the opening / closing door 13a of the outlet duct 13 are opened as necessary, and the opening / closing door 14a of the bypass passage 14 is opened. The opening and closing door 12a of the inflow duct 12 and the opening / closing door 13a of the outflow duct 13 are closed and the opening and closing door 14a of the bypass passage 14 is closed. It can be made of one closed circuit in the open state, The chamber 11 of the duct unit, the inlet and outlet ducts 12 and 13, and the bypass passage 14 are all made of a transparent material such as transparent acrylic so that the trainee can understand the principle of the air conditioning system, In order to discharge and circulate the vaporized nitrogen gas, the first solenoid valve 24a is disposed upstream of the branch point in the second pipe 24, and the second solenoid valve 24b is disposed downstream of the third pipe 25. ), One third solenoid valve 25a is disposed, In order to discharge the vaporized nitrogen into the atmosphere, both the first and second solenoid valves 24a and 24b disposed in the second pipe 24 are opened to operate, and in order to circulate the vaporized nitrogen into the inlet duct 12, 2. An air conditioning experiment apparatus using liquid nitrogen, wherein the first solenoid valve (24a) disposed in the pipe (24) and the third solenoid valve (25a) arranged in the third pipe (25) are opened and operated. The method of claim 1, wherein the control panel 100, A switch module 110 including a select switch 111, a toggle switch 112, a push button switch 113, a buzzer 114, and red, green, yellow, and white lamps 115; A relay timer module 120 including a relay 121, a second timer 122, and a time unit timer 123, A power sensor control module consisting of an ammeter 131, a voltmeter 132, each input / output terminal 133, an overcurrent cutoff switch 134 (NFB), a toggle switch 135, an AC power lamp 136, and a fuse 137 ( 130), M / C relay terminal module 140 comprising a magnetic switch 141, a relay 142, and a terminal base input / output terminal 143, An apparatus for air conditioning using liquefied nitrogen, comprising a low temperature controller 151 capable of controlling low temperature, a low pressure shutoff switch 152, and a high pressure shutoff switch 153. . The method according to claim 1, 3 or 4. Air conditioning experiment apparatus, characterized in that configured to be operated after connecting and configuring a line using a banana jack in the control panel 100 for the operation of the air conditioning experiment apparatus.

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