KR100463027B1 - Binary Refrigeration Trainer - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention understands the state change and physical properties of high and low temperature refrigerants by appropriately designing, constructing, and operating circuits of the high and low temperature refrigerants by the trainees in related educational institutions. The present invention relates to a dual refrigeration experiment apparatus for enabling the observation and research and application of the principles controlled by operation indirectly through experimental practice, thereby helping to cultivate the mid-sized workers required in the field of dual refrigeration plants.

According to the present invention, there is provided a high temperature side refrigeration unit (310) and a low temperature side refrigeration unit (320) arranged on a plate (301), and a control panel 302 for controlling them. The high temperature side refrigeration unit 310 includes a first compressor 311 for compressing a refrigerant, a condenser 312 and a fan motor 313 for dissipating heat from the refrigerant compressed to high temperature and high pressure by the first compressor 311. And a filter drier 314 that absorbs moisture from the refrigerant at low temperature and high pressure by the condenser 312, the solenoid valve 315, the capillary expansion valve 316, and the role of the evaporator in the high temperature side refrigeration unit. At the same time, the low temperature side refrigeration unit cascade condenser 319 to perform the role of the condenser is sequentially formed by the copper tube, the low temperature side refrigeration unit 320, the second compressor 321 for compressing the refrigerant ) And high A filter drier that absorbs moisture from the refrigerant at low temperature and high pressure by the cascade condenser 319 and the cascade condenser 319, which serves as an evaporator in a side refrigeration unit and a role as a condenser in a low temperature side refrigeration unit. A chamber 325 provided therein with a solenoid valve 323, a capillary expansion valve 324, and an evaporation coil 325a connected to the copper tube extending from the capillary expansion valve 324; And a liquid separator 326 connected to the downstream side of the evaporating coil 325a and connected to the second compressor 321 so as to continuously circulate the refrigerant to the second compressor 321. Provided is a binary refrigeration experiment device characterized in that consisting of.

Description

Binary Refrigeration Trainer

According to the present invention, a trainee in a related educational institution changes the state of a cryogenic refrigerant of a refrigerant by operating and operating an accessory device attached to a set of binary education equipment, and appropriately designs, configures, and operates a driving circuit. The present invention relates to a dual refrigeration experiment apparatus that enables observation, research, and application of the principle that refrigeration operation is directly controlled through experiment practice to help foster middle-sized professionals required in the field of dual refrigeration equipment.

The present invention is more specifically, by configuring the binary refrigeration circuit to be configured by directly connecting the devices attached to the automatic control panel with a banana jack to enable automatic control operation, and at the same time of the dual refrigeration apparatus for practical training Construction, repair, and inspection of binary chillers by composition, airtightness test, vacuum drying, refrigerant charge, refrigerant leak test, refrigerant recovery, expansion valve installation and adjustment, dryer regeneration and replacement, pressure switch operation test and adjustment, superheat and supercooling degree measurement The present invention relates to a two-way refrigeration experiment apparatus, which is configured to provide practical training for integration.

In industrial sites, two-way refrigeration systems are a combination of refrigeration machinery and electrical and sensor automatic control systems. Therefore, in order to construct a binary machine, it is necessary to understand and design the principle and function of the machine and to design and configure the principle of automatic control of electric and sensor of binary refrigerators, and the control operation and circuit design ability.

However, the industrial binary refrigeration system and mechanical control system are large and concealed, and thus there are problems that the dual refrigeration machinery and air conditioning refrigeration principles and functions and automatic control experiments are difficult and limited.

Therefore, there is a need for a system that can easily understand and experiment with the electrical and automatic control equipment and A / S of binary refrigerators.

The present invention is to solve the problems described above, the object of the present invention is to express, miniaturize, and set the automatic control devices and devices of the dual refrigeration system that is complicated and concealed in the case, It is intended to provide a binary refrigeration experiment apparatus that can be experimented with the experiment, practice and automatic control circuit design configuration operation implementation principle necessary for the configuration of the device by easy access.

In addition, another object of the present invention, by using a variety of control devices attached to the automatic control panel of the binary refrigerator, trainees directly configure the wires with banana tweets for the circuit diagram of the experiment training, and then operate the device to see the temperature and pressure of each part The purpose of this study is to provide a binary refrigeration apparatus that can test performance during operation of binary refrigerators by indexing the change and checking the operation status.

1 is a perspective view of a binary refrigeration experiment apparatus according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention,

Figure 2 is a plan view of the binary refrigeration experiment apparatus of Figure 1,

3a to 3e is a front view of the control panel for the binary refrigeration experiment apparatus of FIG.

4 is a refrigerant flow diagram for the binary refrigeration experiment apparatus of FIG.

5a and 5b is a driving circuit diagram for the binary refrigeration experiment apparatus of FIG.

According to the present invention for achieving the above object, there is provided a dual refrigeration experiment apparatus comprising a high temperature side refrigeration unit and a low temperature side refrigeration unit arranged on a plate, and a control panel for controlling them.

The high temperature side refrigeration unit may include a first compressor for compressing a refrigerant, a condenser and a fan motor for dissipating heat from a refrigerant compressed to high temperature and high pressure by the first compressor, and a low pressure and high pressure by the condenser. A filter drier that absorbs moisture from the refrigerant, a solenoid valve, a capillary expansion valve, and a cascade condenser, which acts as an evaporator in a high temperature side refrigeration unit and a condenser in a low temperature side refrigeration unit, are sequentially operated by a copper tube. It is connected.

In addition, the low temperature side refrigeration unit, the second compressor for compressing the refrigerant, the cascade condenser and the cascade condenser that serves as the evaporator in the high temperature side refrigeration unit and at the same time as the condenser in the low temperature side refrigeration unit, A filter drier that absorbs moisture from the refrigerant at low temperature and high pressure, a chamber having a solenoid valve, a capillary expansion valve, and an evaporation coil connected to a copper tube extending from the capillary expansion valve; The liquid separator connected to the downstream side and connected to the second compressor so as to continuously circulate the refrigerant to the second compressor is sequentially connected by the copper pipe.

In addition, the control panel is a power lamp pressure including an ammeter, a voltmeter, each input / output terminal, an overcurrent disconnect switch (NFB), a toggle switch, an AC power lamp, a fuse, an emergency buzzer, an operation lamp, and a pressure disconnect switch (DPS). A module; An M / C relay module including a magnetic switch and a relay; A terminal thermal relay module including a magnetic switch, a thermal relay, and a terminal base input / output terminal; A digital temperature measuring device, a push switch, and a toggle switch, wherein the digital temperature measuring device is provided with eight temperature switch modules, two of which are capable of inputting and controlling a temperature value; And a pressure temperature 2 module including a low temperature controller capable of controlling low temperature, a low pressure cutoff switch, and a high pressure cutoff switch.

The low temperature side refrigeration unit, when the pressure of the refrigerant is too high, partially bypasses the refrigerant sent from the second compressor to the cascade condenser to sequentially pass through the solenoid valve, the receiver as a high pressure tank, and the capillary expansion valve. It is preferable that it can be sent back to the second compressor after.

In addition, it is preferable that the control panel is configured to be operated after connecting and configuring a line using a banana tweeter for the operation of the binary refrigeration experiment apparatus.

Hereinafter, with reference to the accompanying drawings will be described in detail a preferred embodiment of the binary refrigeration experiment apparatus according to the present invention.

As shown in Figures 1 to 3e, the binary refrigeration experiment apparatus according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the various refrigeration apparatus arranged in the plate 301 and the copper tube coil 325a for the evaporation role hermetically received And a control panel 302 for controlling them.

In the plate 301, two refrigeration cycles, that is, a cascade refrigeration system consisting of a high temperature side refrigeration unit 310 and a low temperature side refrigeration unit 320 are arranged.

The high temperature side refrigeration unit (310) includes a first compressor (311) for compressing the refrigerant, a condenser (312) and a fan motor (313) for dissipating heat from the refrigerant compressed at a high temperature and high pressure by the first compressor; The filter drier 314, which absorbs moisture from the refrigerant at a low temperature and high pressure by the condenser 312, the solenoid valve 315, the capillary expansion valve 316, and the high temperature side refrigeration unit, serves as an evaporator. At the same time, in the low temperature side refrigeration unit, the cascade condenser 319 serving as a condenser is sequentially connected by a copper tube.

The low temperature side refrigeration unit 320, the second compressor 321 for compressing the refrigerant, and the cascade condenser 319 that serves as an evaporator in the high temperature side refrigeration unit and at the same time serves as a condenser in the low temperature side refrigeration unit. ), A filter drier 322 for absorbing moisture from the refrigerant at low temperature and high pressure by the cascade condenser 319, a solenoid valve 323, a capillary expansion valve 324, and the capillary expansion valve 324. A chamber 325 having an evaporating coil 325a connected to the copper pipe extending from the inside thereof, and connected to a downstream side of the evaporating coil 325a and continuously circulating a refrigerant to the second compressor 321. The liquid separator 326 connected to the second compressor 321 is sequentially connected by a copper tube so as to be able to make it possible.

In addition, when the pressure of the refrigerant is too high, the low temperature side refrigeration unit 320 bypasses the refrigerant, which is sent from the second compressor 321 to the cascade condenser 319, to the solenoid valve 327 and the high pressure. It is preferably configured to allow the receiver 328 as a tank and the capillary expansion valve 329 to pass sequentially through and to be returned to the second compressor 321.

In the high temperature side refrigeration unit 310, it is preferable to use R-22 and R-502 refrigerants, and in the low temperature side refrigeration unit 320, R-23 and R-13 refrigerants are used.

Hereinafter, the operation of the dual refrigeration experiment apparatus of the present invention consisting of the high temperature side refrigeration unit 310 and the low temperature side refrigeration unit 320 will be described with reference to FIG. 4.

First, in the high temperature side refrigeration unit 310, the high temperature and high pressure refrigerant compressed by the first compressor 311 releases heat from the condenser 312, becomes a low temperature and high pressure refrigerant, and passes through the filter drier 314. Is absorbed, the pressure is lowered while passing through the capillary expansion valve, 316, and the refrigerant having a low temperature and low pressure loses heat in the cascade condenser 319, which becomes colder, and then returns to the first compressor 311, and then again. The process of compression is repeated.

Secondly, in the low temperature side refrigeration unit 320, the refrigerant compressed to high temperature and high pressure in the second compressor 321 passes through the cascade condenser 319 and loses heat. The refrigerant at low temperature and high pressure is then passed through the filter drier 322 and the solenoid valve 323, and then through the capillary expansion valve 329 to become a low temperature and low pressure refrigerant, and is subsequently evaporated coil 325a in the sealed chamber 325. ) Takes the heat in the chamber 325 and lowers the temperature in the chamber. The refrigerant taken out of the evaporating coil 325a is separated from the pure gas refrigerant in the liquid separator 326 and returned to the second compressor 321.

However, when the pressure of the refrigerant is too high, a part of the refrigerant sent from the second compressor 321 to the cascade condenser 319 is bypassed and the solenoid valve 327, the receiver 328 as a high pressure tank. , And sequentially pass through the expansion valve 329 to return to the second compressor 321.

In addition, the control panel 302 for controlling the above-mentioned solenoid valve, each expansion valve and devices such as each compressor, condenser, fan motor, the power lamp pressure module 330, M / C relay module 340, Terminal thermal relay (THR) module 350, the temperature switch module 360, and the pressure temperature module 2 (370).

The power lamp pressure module 330 includes an ammeter 331a, a voltmeter 331b, each input / output terminal 332, an overcurrent cutoff switch 333 (NFB), a toggle switch 334, an AC power lamp 335, and a fuse ( 336, emergency buzzer 337, operation lamp 338, and pressure cutoff switch 339 (DPS). The M / C relay module 340 is composed of a magnetic switch 341 and a relay 342. The terminal thermal relay module 350 includes a magnetic switch 351, a thermal relay 352, and a terminal base input / output terminal 353. The temperature switch module 360 includes eight digital temperature measuring devices 361, a push switch 362, and a toggle switch 363. Two of the upper part of the digital temperature measuring device 361 can be controlled by inputting a temperature value. The pressure temperature 2 module 370 includes a low temperature controller 371, a low pressure cutoff switch 372, and a high pressure cutoff switch 373 that can control a low temperature.

Other features, configurations, and operations of the present invention in addition to the above-described basic configuration will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

1 and 2 are a perspective view and a plan view of a binary refrigeration experiment apparatus according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, Figures 3a to 3e is a front view of the control panel for the binary refrigeration experiment apparatus of FIG.

According to the binary refrigeration experimental apparatus of the present invention, the operation circuit was designed as an automatic temperature, pressure, and power automatic control device for operating the device, and then configured as a banana jack to be operated.

Hereinafter, the functions and interactions of various devices configured as shown in FIGS. 1 to 3E will be described.

In the plate 301 in which the refrigerators are arranged, the first and second compressors 311 and 321 (including the motor) include a low-temperature low-pressure gas and refrigerant evaporated by absorbing heat from the object to be cooled in a heat exchanger of an experiment and a training system. By suction compression to increase the pressure to close the intermolecular distance, and to increase the temperature so that the gas refrigerant at room temperature can be easily liquefied in the condenser. In other words, the heat obtained by evaporation of the refrigerant from the low heat source (evaporator) serves to send the high heat and high pressure to the high heat source (condenser).

The condenser 312 condenses and liquefies the high-pressure gas refrigerant by releasing heat from the high-temperature, high-pressure gas refrigerant compressed in the compressor of the experiment and training system.

The receiver 328 is a container that temporarily stores the refrigerant liquid liquefied in the condenser of the experiment and practice system before sending it to the expansion valve, and is treated as a high pressure container. When the cylinder is repaired or stopped for a long time, the refrigerant in the device is pumped down. It also serves to recover.

The filter dryers 314 and 322 are provided between the expansion valve and the receiver in order to solve this problem if the presence of water and this material during the circulation of the refrigerant of the experiment and practice will have various adverse effects. Remove foreign substances.

The solenoid valves 315, 323, and 327 are opened and closed according to whether power is supplied to control the flow of the refrigerant. It is connected in series with the temperature switch during the pump down operation, and the solenoid valve of the pipe is opened and closed to operate the pump down as the temperature switch contact is closed or opened.

The cascade condenser 319 allows two copper tubes of different diameters to overlap each other so that each copper tube crosses refrigerant having different physical properties, thereby causing heat exchange between the refrigerants.

The liquid separator 326 collects some refrigerant liquid not evaporated in the evaporator under the liquid separator, thereby preventing the liquid from suddenly flowing into the compressor, thereby preventing liquid compression.

Capillary expansion valves (316, 324, 329) is a high-temperature, high-pressure liquid refrigerant from the adiabatic expansion in the condenser of the experiment, practice system to make a low-temperature low-pressure liquid refrigerant to evaporate in the evaporator.

On the power ramp pressure module 330, a toggle switch 334 converts AC power to DC power. The AC power supply 335 confirms whether the AC power is on or off, and the overcurrent cut-off switch 333 (NFB) tests and causes an overload or a short circuit in the circuit due to any cause of the compressor motor and the condenser fan motor of the training system. The operation is stopped by automatically cutting off the circuit to protect the wiring and the device from overcurrent caused by such or the like. When disconnecting, there is no need to replace it with a fuse, so the power can be turned on simply by operating the handle.

The voltmeter 331b measures the amount of voltage applied to the compressor motor, the condenser fan motor, and the controller of the experiment and training system. The ammeter 331a measures the amount of current applied to the compressor motor, the condenser fan motor, and the controller of the experiment and training system.

By using the emergency buzzer (337), the buzzer sounds when an abnormal phenomenon occurs during the operation of the training device, such as the operation of the thermal relay of the experiment and the training system. The operation lamp 338 functions to display any operation state such as operation or stop, etc., as a signal in accordance with the operation of the experiment and training system.

The pressure cutoff switch 339 is stopped when the low pressure or high pressure is below or above the input value during operation in the experiment and practice system, and the operation is stopped and restarted when the normal low pressure or the normal high pressure is reached. The principle of operation is that the contact is off when the detected pressure drops or rises to the cut-in pressure.

On the M / C relay terminal module 340, the relay 342 (Ry) is a device having a function of opening and closing a contact point by an electromagnetic force in an experiment and a training system, which is utilized in constructing a self-maintaining circuit and used in a compressor motor and a condenser of a refrigerating device. It operates the fan motor automatically and is also used for the control on the auxiliary circuit. When current flows through the relay electromagnetic coil, the fixed iron core becomes an electromagnet, the movable iron piece is sucked in, and the movable contact connected thereto is in contact with the fixed contact. If the electromagnetic force is lost, the movable contact is returned to the spring force and returned to its original state.

Magnetic switches 341 and 351 (M / C) are required for motor operation and auxiliary circuit operation on main circuits such as compressor motors and condenser fan motors in experiments and practice systems, and are energized when current flows through the magnetic switch electronic coils. The moving core is aspirated to close the main contact and the auxiliary contact, a contact, and if the current does not flow through the magnetic switch electromagnetic coil, the contact is opened to control the operation circuit.

On the terminal thermal relay module 350, the thermal relay 352 (THR) stops operation by opening a contact when an abnormal current flows due to an overload of a compressor motor and a condenser fan motor of an experiment and a training system. Can be restarted by pressing the reset button.

The terminal base input / output terminal 353 functions to connect power inputs and outputs to be connected to terminals so that power can be connected for the operation of experiments, training systems, and various devices.

On the temperature switch module 360, a digital thermometer 361 (thermometer) measures the temperature of a predetermined temperature measurement site for the performance test when the experiment and practice system is operated, and plots the humidity and steam diagrams with the temperature measurement of the measurement unit. Perform a freezer performance test. A digital thermometer is then required for the temperature measurement of each part.

4 is a flowchart illustrating a refrigerant when the binary refrigeration experiment apparatus of the present invention is operated, and FIGS. 5A and 5B are operation circuit diagrams when the binary refrigeration experiment apparatus of the present invention is operated.

As described above, according to the present invention, visual, auditory, perceptual, and sensory learning effects can be expected in the theory and practice classes of related education courses such as a freezer.

In addition, the binary refrigeration apparatus according to the present invention can be utilized by miniaturizing, expressing, and setting the complicated and concealed binary refrigeration machinery and automatic control, easy to move anywhere, anytime, anywhere.

In addition, the binary refrigeration apparatus according to the present invention can be easily understood and configured in a short time because the circuit configuration by connecting the banana and the mechanical device and the automatic control device can be corrected immediately when misconfigured.

In addition, according to the device of the present invention, because it uses non-consumable banana tweets without using vinyl wires, it is economical because a lot of material costs can be reduced.

In addition, according to the present invention, the operation circuit configuration of the dual refrigeration apparatus and the power wiring practice of electric (including single phase and three phase) can be carried out step by step according to the difficulty.

In addition, according to the present invention, since the temperature and pressure of each part can be measured during operation of the dual refrigeration unit, the pi diagram can be plotted to calculate the heat output and input heat, so that the design, integration, inspection, Practical training such as repairs can be provided.

In addition, according to the present invention, the configuration and operation of the binary refrigerator can be made by hand.

Claims (4)

As a dual refrigeration experiment apparatus comprising a high temperature side refrigeration unit 310 and a low temperature side refrigeration unit 320 arranged on the plate 301, and a control panel 302 for controlling them, The high temperature side refrigeration unit 310, A first compressor 311 for compressing the refrigerant, a condenser 312 and a fan motor 313 for dissipating heat from the refrigerant compressed to high temperature and high pressure by the first compressor 311, and the condenser 312. By the filter drier 314, the solenoid valve 315, the capillary expansion valve 316, and the high temperature side refrigeration unit that acts as an evaporator at the low temperature side refrigeration unit. Cascade condenser 319 to perform the role of the condenser is made of sequentially connected by a copper tube, The low temperature side refrigeration unit 320, In the second compressor 321 for compressing the refrigerant, the cascade condenser 319 and the cascade condenser 319 which serves as an evaporator in the high temperature side refrigeration unit, and also serves as a condenser in the low temperature side refrigeration unit. Evaporation coil connected to the filter drier 322, the solenoid valve 323, the capillary expansion valve 324, and the copper tube extending from the capillary expansion valve 324 to absorb moisture from the refrigerant at low temperature and high pressure. The second compressor 321 is connected to the chamber 325 having the inside of the chamber 325a and the downstream side of the evaporating coil 325a to continuously circulate the refrigerant to the second compressor 321. Binary refrigeration experiment apparatus, characterized in that the liquid separator 326 connected to the sequentially formed by the copper tube. The method of claim 1, wherein the control panel 202, Ammeter 331a, voltmeter 331b, each input / output terminal 332, overcurrent cutoff switch 333 (NFB), toggle switch 334, AC power lamp 335, fuse 336, emergency buzzer 337, A power lamp pressure module 330 including an operation lamp 338 and a pressure cutoff switch 339 (DPS); An M / C relay module 340 including a magnetic switch 341 and a relay 342; A terminal thermal relay module 350 including a magnetic switch 351, a thermal relay 352, and a terminal base input / output terminal 353; And a digital temperature measuring device 361, a push switch 362, and a toggle switch 363. The digital temperature measuring device 361 includes eight digital temperature measuring devices 361 so that two of them can be inputted and controlled. A temperature switch module 360; A pressure temperature 2 module 370 including a low temperature controller 371, a low pressure cutoff switch 372, and a high pressure cutoff switch 373 capable of controlling low temperature; Binary refrigeration experiment apparatus characterized in that it comprises a. According to claim 1, wherein the cold side refrigeration unit 320, When the pressure of the refrigerant is too high, the refrigerant sent from the second compressor 321 to the cascade condenser 319 is partially bypassed to provide the solenoid valve 327, the receiver 328 as the high pressure tank, and the capillary expansion valve. Binary refrigeration experiment apparatus characterized in that it is made to be passed back to the second compressor (321) after sequentially passing (329). The method of claim 1, wherein Binary refrigeration experiment device, characterized in that configured to operate after connecting, configuring the line using a banana tweet in the control panel 302 for the operation of the binary refrigeration experiment device.