CN103761920A - Refrigerating system fault simulation experiment set - Google Patents
Refrigerating system fault simulation experiment set Download PDFInfo
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- CN103761920A CN103761920A CN201410055200.7A CN201410055200A CN103761920A CN 103761920 A CN103761920 A CN 103761920A CN 201410055200 A CN201410055200 A CN 201410055200A CN 103761920 A CN103761920 A CN 103761920A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a refrigerating system fault simulation experiment set. The refrigerating system fault simulation experiment set comprises a compressor, a condenser, a capillary tube and an evaporator, a first fault simulation regulating pipeline is connected between the condenser and the capillary tube in series, a first normal operation branch pipeline and a first fault simulation branch pipeline are connected in parallel to form the first fault simulation regulating pipeline, the first normal operation branch pipeline is sequentially connected with a first control valve, a liquid storage device and a second control valve in series, and the first fault simulation branch pipeline is connected with a first fault simulation control valve in series. According to the refrigerating system fault simulation experiment set, the fault simulation regulating pipeline is arranged in a refrigerating system, the common fault of too much or too little refrigerating fluid can be achieved really, the fault is the same as an actual fault, and other signal simulation is not used. More importantly, free switching can be conducted between normal operation and a fault mode, and certainly, students of the refrigerating specialty, the air conditioner specialty and other related specialties learn the work principle of the refrigerating system and judge and remove the fault very conveniently.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of breakdown of refrigeration system analogue experiment installation.
Background technology
Refrigeration principle is the specialized courses that refrigeration, air-conditioning specialty and many relevant speciality students must grasp, and experimental real-training is the important step of Practice Teaching System, is the key point of cultivating students practise manipulative ability.Common teaching and experiment equipment and the equipment in refrigeration air-conditioner aspect at present, temperature, the pressure and other parameters of refrigeration system all can show, but aspect refrigeration system most common failure, substantially be electricity consumption signal imitation or Dynamic Simulation, or by approximate method simulated failure, obtain the external presentation of fault, the variation of correlation parameter and definite performance of phenomenon of the failure etc. when therefore, student can not experience really refrigeration system and breaks down.
Chinese Patent Application No. 00219115.6 discloses a kind of thermodynamic refrigerating circulation experimental instrument, by compressor, condenser, kapillary, device for drying and filtering, evaporator and corresponding instrument, instrument forms, the outlet of compressor is connected with condenser tube induction pipe, the outlet of condenser tube is connected with the import of stop valve, the outlet of stop valve is connected with device for drying and filtering, the outlet of device for drying and filtering is connected with kapillary, outlet capillaceous is connected with repairing valve, the outlet of repairing valve is connected with evaporator, the outlet of evaporator is connected with the induction pipe of compressor, it utilizes the stop valve in pipeline to make student get rid of artificial some faults that design in experiment with repairing valve, to improve students ' analysis problem and to start problem-solving ability.This experiment instrument cannot be realized the simulation such as the dirty fault such as stifled.Therefore, be necessary to develop and a kind ofly can real simulation reproduce the fault simulation experimental provision of the common fault such as dirty stifled, and can realize freely switching of fault mode and normal operation mode.
Summary of the invention
The object of this invention is to provide a kind of breakdown of refrigeration system analogue experiment installation, with solve existing apparatus cannot true reappearance most common failure the problem of simulation.
In order to realize above object, the technical solution adopted in the present invention is: a kind of breakdown of refrigeration system analogue experiment installation, comprise compressor, condenser, kapillary, evaporator, the exhausr port of described compressor is connected with condenser inlet, the outlet of condenser is connected with import capillaceous, outlet capillaceous is connected with the import of evaporator, the outlet of evaporator is connected with the air entry of compressor, between described condenser and kapillary, be serially connected with Fisrt fault analog regulation pipeline, described Fisrt fault analog regulation pipeline consists of the first normal operation branch and Fisrt fault simulation branch circuit parallel connection, in described the first normal operation branch, be serially connected with in turn the first operation valve, reservoir and the second operation valve, on described Fisrt fault simulation branch road, be serially connected with Fisrt fault simulation operation valve.
Between described condenser and kapillary, be serially connected with the second fault simulation and regulate pipeline, described second fault simulation adjustable pipe route the second normal operation branch and the second fault simulation branch circuit parallel connection form, in described the second normal operation branch, be serially connected with normal operation operation valve and normal operation device for drying and filtering, on described the second fault simulation branch road, be serially connected with the second fault simulation operation valve and the fault simulation device for drying and filtering for arranging through man-made fault.
On the exhausr port of described compressor and the pipeline of air entry, be connected with one for the dual-pressure controller of high voltage protective and low-voltage variation is provided.
Described condenser is aerial condenser, and this condenser is provided with condensation fan.
Described condenser and the second fault simulation regulate the pipeline between pipeline to be provided with the first stop valve; The second fault simulation regulates pipeline and intercapillary pipeline to be provided with the second stop valve.
Described the second fault simulation regulates pipeline and intercapillary pipeline to be provided with liquid-sighting glass.
On the air entry of described compressor and the pipeline of exhausr port and in the export pipeline of condenser and the inlet ductwork of evaporator, be equipped with thermometer and tensimeter.
Described condenser and the second fault simulation regulate between pipeline and are also serially connected with a device for drying and filtering.
Described the first operation valve, the second operation valve, Fisrt fault simulation operation valve and normally move operation valve and the second fault simulation operation valve is solenoid valve.
Breakdown of refrigeration system analogue experiment installation of the present invention is gone here and there and is established the fault simulation adjusting pipeline consisting of normal operation branch and fault simulation branch circuit parallel connection in refrigeration system, can truly realize the too much or very few fault of the common cold-producing medium of refrigeration, the same with the fault in reality, not to use other signal imitation, the more important thing is and can between normal operation and fault mode, freely switch, this will be refrigeration, the relevant speciality Students ' Learning refrigeration system principle of work such as air-conditioning, judge and fix a breakdown and bring great convenience, effectively improve theoretical and experimental real-training quality of instruction.
In addition, this experimental provision can also be simulated dirty stifled, high pressure is too high and low pressure is too low fault, can also show the temperature, pressure of refrigeration system typical parts and phenomenons such as dewfall frosting, reason, region of interest temperature, the variation of pressure and other parameters after fault occurs that the learner of refrigeration system is easy to produce by these faults, have understanding intuitively, deep understanding to normal operation, the fault of refrigeration system.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of breakdown of refrigeration system analogue experiment installation the first embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of the second embodiment of the present invention.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and specific embodiment, the present invention is described further.
Be illustrated in figure 1 the structural representation of breakdown of refrigeration system analogue experiment installation embodiment of the present invention, as seen from the figure, this device comprises compressor 1, condenser 3, kapillary 17 and is arranged at the evaporator 18 in casing 19, the outlet of compressor 1 is connected with condenser 3 imports, the outlet of condenser 3 is connected with kapillary 13, the outlet of kapillary 17 is connected with the import of evaporator 18, and the outlet of evaporator 18 is connected with the import of compressor 1; Between condenser 3 and kapillary 17, be serially connected with a Fisrt fault analog regulation pipeline, Fisrt fault analog regulation pipeline consists of the first normal operation branch and Fisrt fault simulation branch circuit parallel connection, in the first normal operation branch, be serially connected with in turn the first operation valve 6, reservoir 7 and the second operation valve 8, on Fisrt fault simulation branch road, be serially connected with Fisrt fault simulation operation valve 5.
In addition, for realizing the simulation of dirty stifled fault, the present embodiment is serially connected with the second fault simulation and regulates pipeline between condenser and kapillary, second fault simulation adjustable pipe route the second normal operation branch and the second fault simulation branch circuit parallel connection form, in the second normal operation branch, be serially connected with on normal operation operation valve 11 and normal operation device for drying and filtering 12, the second fault simulation branch roads and be serially connected with the second fault simulation operation valve 13 and the fault simulation device for drying and filtering 14 for arranging through man-made fault.
The making of fault simulation device for drying and filtering 14 in the present embodiment, is at the porch of fault simulation device for drying and filtering accommodating sundries, makes the very little of its circulation area change, thereby can realize real dirty stifled fault.
On the exhausr port of compressor 1 and the pipeline of air entry, be connected with one for the dual-pressure controller 2 of high voltage protective and low-voltage variation is provided; when carrying out high voltage protective or low-voltage variation, general employing realized according to the mode of refrigeration system pressure control start/stop of compressor, can certainly be used in conjunction with alarm or pilot lamp and carry out auxiliary prompting.This dual-pressure controller can protect compressor to avoid that discharge pressure is too high or pressure of inspiration(Pi) is too low, and the setting value of dual-pressure controller is adjustable.Certainly, also can adopt the dual-pressure controller that is arranged at a Hi pilot at exhaust outlet of compressor place and is arranged at a low pressure controller combination replacement the present embodiment at compressor air suction mouth place, can realize equally its original function.
The fault designing in experiment for student is got rid of is provided with the first stop valve 9 on the pipeline between condenser 3 and the second fault simulation adjusting pipeline; In the second fault simulation, regulate on the pipeline between pipeline and kapillary 17 and be provided with the second stop valve 16.
In addition, in the second fault simulation, regulate on outlet and the intercapillary pipeline of pipeline and be provided with liquid-sighting glass 15, make student can see intuitively by the form of liquid-sighting glass the mobility status of cold-producing medium, be convenient to experiment observation.Certainly, the position of liquid-sighting glass is also not limited in the outlet and intercapillary pipeline that is arranged at the second fault simulation adjusting pipeline, it can be arranged on any place's point to be observed of this refrigeration system pipeline, also can one or more liquid-sighting glass be separately set to observe the mobility status of cold-producing medium at other correct positions of refrigeration system pipeline.
For dry filter effect is further provided, cleaning of retentive control valve is also serially connected with a device for drying and filtering 10 between condenser 3 and the second fault simulation adjusting pipeline.Preferably, be arranged between condenser and Fisrt fault analog regulation pipeline, as shown in Figure 1; Certainly, also can be arranged at two fault simulations regulates on the pipeline between pipeline, as shown in Figure 2.Certainly, be not limited to this frame mode herein, also can regulate the inflow point of each branch road of pipeline that device for drying and filtering is set respectively in the first or second fault simulation again, also can reach identical effect.
On the air entry of compressor and the pipeline of exhausr port, be respectively equipped with thermometer d, a and tensimeter D, A, on the export pipeline of condenser, be provided with thermometer b and tensimeter B, the inlet ductwork of evaporator is provided with thermometer c and tensimeter C, for detecting intuitively and show temperature, the pressure of refrigeration system typical parts.Certainly, temperature is taken into account tensimeter and is not also limited to and be arranged at above-mentioned position, and it can be arranged at any place's observation point to be detected of this refrigeration system pipeline.
For realizing normal operation and fault mode, automatically switch and control, the first operation valve, the second operation valve, the Fisrt fault simulation operation valve of the present embodiment and normally move operation valve and the second fault simulation operation valve all adopts solenoid valve.Certainly, if want to adopt manual control, also can be set to manually operated control valve, can be selected according to actual needs.
Principle of work of the present invention and process are as follows: from the refrigerant gas of evaporator 18 low-temp low-pressure out, by compressor 1, sucked, become the refrigerant gas of High Temperature High Pressure after compressor compression; Cold-producing medium after compression enters condenser 3, and air carries out becoming after heat interchange the refrigerant liquid (" normal temperature " refer to slightly higher than environment temperature, conventionally approximately have a degree of supercooling of 3～5 ℃) of high pressure " normal temperature "; Afterwards, when normal operation mode, cold-producing medium flow through successively the first operation valve 6, reservoir 7 and the second operation valve 8; During the too much failure operation pattern of lack of refrigerant fault or cold-producing medium, the cold-producing medium Fisrt fault simulation operation valve 5 of flowing through; Finally, the cold-producing medium that cold-producing medium becomes the gas-liquid two-phase of low-temp low-pressure through kapillary 17 throttlings enters the evaporator 18 that is arranged in casing 19 and evaporates, and absorbs the heat in casing; There is subsequently the refrigerant gas of the low-temp low-pressure of certain degree of superheat to leave that evaporator 18 is rear to be sucked by compressor 1, again compressed, so iterative cycles.
When carrying out dirty stifled fault simulation, refrigerant liquid enters the second fault simulation and regulates pipeline: when normal operation mode, cold-producing medium passes through from the second normal operation branch of normal operation operation valve 11 and normal operation device for drying and filtering 12; When dirty stifled fault mode, cold-producing medium passes through through the second fault simulation branch road of the second fault simulation operation valve 13 and fault simulation device for drying and filtering 14.
The true fault that breakdown of refrigeration system analogue experiment installation of the present invention can be realized have lack of refrigerant and cold-producing medium too much, dirty stifled, high pressure is too high and low pressure is too low, fault with normally move between can freely switch.Below in conjunction with detailed process, the realization of various faults and the realization of each experimental real-training are described.
1, lack of refrigerant and cold-producing medium are crossed realization and the experimental real-training of multiple faults
Realize refrigeration system lack of refrigerant fault, cold-producing medium and cross the principle of multiple faults: refrigeration system when normal mode moves, the valve closing of Fisrt fault simulation operation valve 5, cold-producing medium flow through successively the first operation valve 6, reservoir 7 and the second operation valve 8.Because reservoir 7 has the function of store refrigerant, therefore within the specific limits, the slightly many or less slightly normal operation that can not affect refrigeration system of cold-producing medium.That is to say, within the specific limits, insensitive to the charging amount of cold-producing medium with the refrigeration system of reservoir.Under refrigeration system normal operation mode, by Fisrt fault, simulate the concerted action of operation valve 5, the first operation valve 6 and the second operation valve 8, part cold-producing medium in refrigeration system is closed in reservoir 7, and by reservoir short circuit (being that cold-producing medium is without reservoir), so just can realize the fault of real refrigeration system lack of refrigerant; And under refrigeration system normal operation mode, can simulate by Fisrt fault the concerted action of operation valve 5, the first operation valve 6 and the second operation valve 8, cold-producing medium in reservoir 7 is released in refrigeration system, and by reservoir short circuit (being that cold-producing medium is without reservoir), so just can realizing real refrigeration system cold-producing medium and cross multiple faults.
(1) realization of lack of refrigerant fault and experimental real-training
First refrigeration system is arranged to normal operation mode, is about to 5 power-off of Fisrt fault simulation operation valve, the first operation valve 6 and the second operation valve 8 are switched on, and now compressor still keeps operation; Then by the second operation valve 8 power-off, cold-producing medium enters in reservoir 7, after certain time, Fisrt fault being simulated to operation valve 5 switches on, disconnect the first operation valve 6 simultaneously, cold-producing medium the first operation valve 5 of the second fault simulation branch road of flowing through like this, reservoir in the first normal operation branch, by short circuit, can not participate in refrigeration system circulation because part cold-producing medium is enclosed in reservoir, thereby has realized the fault of real refrigeration system lack of refrigerant.
The judgement of lack of refrigerant fault and eliminating: when the fault of lack of refrigerant appears in system, the obvious variation of refrigeration system refrigeration, not even frosting of evaporator section frosting, the low-pressure meter hypotony at capillary outlet, evaporator outlet place, the high pressure gauge hypotony at exhaust outlet of compressor, condensator outlet place, the temperature of compressor air suction mouth obviously raises, and illustrates that lack of refrigerant fault has occurred refrigeration system.To refrigeration system, suitably supplement cold-producing medium, can get rid of lack of refrigerant fault.After fixing a breakdown, phenomenon of the failure disappears, and refrigeration is good.
(2) cold-producing medium is crossed realization and the experimental real-training of multiple faults
First refrigeration system is arranged to normal operation mode, is about to 5 power-off of Fisrt fault simulation operation valve, the first operation valve 6 and the second operation valve 8 are switched on, and now compressor still keeps operation; Then by the first operation valve 6 power-off, the cold-producing medium in reservoir 7, by compressor suction refrigeration system, after certain time is simulated Fisrt fault operation valve 5 and is switched on, simultaneously by the second operation valve 8 power-off.Cold-producing medium the first operation valve 5 of the second fault simulation branch road of flowing through like this, reservoir in the first normal operation branch is by short circuit, owing to being originally stored in more cold-producing medium in reservoir, leaving reservoir and participated in refrigeration system circulation, thereby realized the too much fault of real refrigeration system cold-producing medium.
Cold-producing medium is crossed judgement and the eliminating of multiple faults: when the obvious variation of refrigeration system refrigeration, evaporator outlet is to the frosting of compressor air suction mouth, even compressor head also goes up frost, the low-pressure meter hypertonia at capillary outlet, evaporator outlet place, the high pressure gauge hypertonia at exhaust outlet of compressor, condensator outlet place, the temperature at compressor air suction mouth place obviously reduces, and illustrates that refrigeration system cold-producing medium has occurred and crossed multiple faults.From refrigeration system, suitably emit some cold-producing mediums, can get rid of cold-producing medium and cross multiple faults.After fixing a breakdown, phenomenon of the failure disappears, and refrigeration is good.
2, the realization of dirty stifled fault and experimental real-training
The realization of dirty stifled fault: make normally to move operation valve 11 dead electricity, valve closing, cut-out cold-producing medium is flowed through and is normally moved the path of device for drying and filtering 12, disconnects the second normal operation branch; Meanwhile, the second fault simulation operation valve 13(closed type) charged, valve open, cold-producing medium flows through fault simulation device for drying and filtering 14; Now, refrigeration system, in dirty stifled failure operation pattern, has realized real dirty stifled fault, while there is this fault, the exit of fault simulation device for drying and filtering 14 is obviously sent out cool, even occurs dewfall, frosting, and these are all the peculiar typical phenomenons of dirty stifled fault.
The judgement of dirty stifled fault and eliminating: the above-mentioned phenomenon of the failure occurring according to refrigeration system, can judge dirty stifled fault has occurred.
Get rid of method and the step of dirty stifled fault: close the first stop valve 9, refrigeration compressor continues operation certain hour, when the pressure showing until tensimeter D is substantially zero gauge pressure, cuts off the general supply of experimental provision, closes rapidly the second stop valve 16 simultaneously.Then, fault simulation device for drying and filtering 14 is removed from system, can see the stopping state that truly having of its porch is serious.Take out foreign matter, install fault simulation device for drying and filtering, after impermeability experiment, the segregate part of refrigeration system is vacuumized, the first stop valve and second stop valve of before opening, closing, switch on power, and refrigeration system restoring running is normal.
After this time dirty stifled fault judgement and eliminating experimental real-training complete, only foreign matter need be placed in again to the porch of fault simulation device for drying and filtering, can again carry out dirty stifled malfunction test real training.
3, the realization of the too high fault of high pressure and experimental real-training
The realization of the too high fault of high pressure: close condensation fan 4 when refrigeration system is normally moved, condensation situation worsens, and high pressure will be apparently higher than normal level.When pressure is increased to the high pressure setting value of dual-pressure controller, dual-pressure controller 2 is controlled compressor 1 and is shut down.
When there is the too high fault of high pressure, temperature, the pressure changing that can also observe refrigeration system typical parts from thermometer, tensimeter.
The judgement of the too high fault of high pressure and eliminating: observe while finding tensimeter A and B place (exhaust outlet of compressor, condensator outlet) hypertonia, illustrate that the too high fault of high pressure has occurred refrigeration system.Check refrigeration system, can find that condensation fan 4 has stopped work.When after the normal work of condensation fan 4, after hand-reset dual-pressure controller (high-pressure side of the dual-pressure controller that this experimental provision uses is manual replacement type), refrigeration system is normally worked, and the too high fault of high pressure is got rid of.
4, the realization of the too low fault of low pressure and experimental real-training
The realization of the too low fault of low pressure: during dirty stifled fault, be attended by the too low improper phenomenon of low pressure, also can manual-lock the first stop valve 9 or kapillary before the second stop valve 16 cause the too low fault of real low pressure.
The judgement of the too low fault of low pressure and eliminating: while observing tensimeter C and D place (capillary outlet, evaporator outlet) hypotony, illustrate that the too low fault of low pressure has occurred refrigeration system.Check refrigeration system, if the dirty stifled too low fault of low pressure causing is got rid of the dirty stifled rear too low fault of low pressure and also got rid of thereupon.If manual-lock the too low fault of low pressure that causes of the second stop valve 16 of the first stop valve 9 or kapillary upstream, open this stop valve and can get rid of the too low fault of low pressure.
Above embodiment is only for helping to understand core concept of the present invention; can not limit the present invention with this; for those skilled in the art; every foundation thought of the present invention; the present invention is modified or is equal to replacement; any change of doing in specific embodiments and applications, within all should being included in protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. a breakdown of refrigeration system analogue experiment installation, comprise compressor, condenser, kapillary, evaporator, the exhausr port of described compressor is connected with condenser inlet, the outlet of condenser is connected with import capillaceous, outlet capillaceous is connected with the import of evaporator, the outlet of evaporator is connected with the air entry of compressor, it is characterized in that: between described condenser and kapillary, be serially connected with Fisrt fault analog regulation pipeline, described Fisrt fault analog regulation pipeline consists of the first normal operation branch and Fisrt fault simulation branch circuit parallel connection, in described the first normal operation branch, be serially connected with in turn the first operation valve, reservoir and the second operation valve, on described Fisrt fault simulation branch road, be serially connected with Fisrt fault simulation operation valve.
2. breakdown of refrigeration system analogue experiment installation according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: between described condenser and kapillary, be serially connected with the second fault simulation and regulate pipeline, described second fault simulation adjustable pipe route the second normal operation branch and the second fault simulation branch circuit parallel connection form, in described the second normal operation branch, be serially connected with normal operation operation valve and normal operation device for drying and filtering, on described the second fault simulation branch road, be serially connected with the second fault simulation operation valve and the fault simulation device for drying and filtering for arranging through man-made fault.
3. breakdown of refrigeration system analogue experiment installation according to claim 1, is characterized in that: on the exhausr port of described compressor and the pipeline of air entry, be connected with one for the dual-pressure controller of high voltage protective and low-voltage variation is provided.
4. breakdown of refrigeration system analogue experiment installation according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described condenser is aerial condenser, and this condenser is provided with condensation fan.
5. breakdown of refrigeration system analogue experiment installation according to claim 2, is characterized in that: described condenser and the second fault simulation regulate the pipeline between pipeline to be provided with the first stop valve; The second fault simulation regulates pipeline and intercapillary pipeline to be provided with the second stop valve.
6. breakdown of refrigeration system analogue experiment installation according to claim 2, is characterized in that: described the second fault simulation regulates pipeline and intercapillary pipeline to be provided with liquid-sighting glass.
7. breakdown of refrigeration system analogue experiment installation according to claim 1, is characterized in that: on the air entry of described compressor and the pipeline of exhausr port and in the export pipeline of condenser and the inlet ductwork of evaporator, be equipped with thermometer and tensimeter.
8. breakdown of refrigeration system analogue experiment installation according to claim 2, is characterized in that: described condenser and the second fault simulation regulate between pipeline and be also serially connected with a device for drying and filtering.
9. breakdown of refrigeration system analogue experiment installation according to claim 2, is characterized in that: described the first operation valve, the second operation valve, Fisrt fault simulation operation valve and normally move operation valve and the second fault simulation operation valve is solenoid valve.
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| CN107477925B (en) * | 2017-08-10 | 2020-01-31 | 四川长虹电器股份有限公司 | Device and method for detecting failure of pipeline insulating layers of indoor unit and outdoor unit of air conditioner |
| CN109671323A (en) * | 2017-10-17 | 2019-04-23 | 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 | The simulator of pressure gauge failure and the analogy method of pressure gauge failure |
| CN110220731A (en) * | 2019-07-01 | 2019-09-10 | 中国船舶重工集团公司第七0四研究所 | Realize the experimental rig of centrifugal pump fault simulation |
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