KR20010032914A - 액화 천연가스를 획득하기 위하여 메탄이 풍부한기체원료를 액화시키는 방법 - Google Patents
액화 천연가스를 획득하기 위하여 메탄이 풍부한기체원료를 액화시키는 방법 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- KR20010032914A KR20010032914A KR1020007006257A KR20007006257A KR20010032914A KR 20010032914 A KR20010032914 A KR 20010032914A KR 1020007006257 A KR1020007006257 A KR 1020007006257A KR 20007006257 A KR20007006257 A KR 20007006257A KR 20010032914 A KR20010032914 A KR 20010032914A
- Authority
- KR
- South Korea
- Prior art keywords
- refrigerant
- stream
- heat exchanger
- methane
- main heat
- Prior art date
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- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 98
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 38
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 18
- 239000003949 liquefied natural gas Substances 0.000 title description 2
- 239000003507 refrigerant Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 108
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 40
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- ATUOYWHBWRKTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propane Chemical compound CCC ATUOYWHBWRKTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 66
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 claims description 48
- 239000001294 propane Substances 0.000 claims description 33
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 31
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000003345 natural gas Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000010992 reflux Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000001273 butane Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- IJDNQMDRQITEOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-butane Chemical compound CCCC IJDNQMDRQITEOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- OFBQJSOFQDEBGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-pentane Natural products CCCCC OFBQJSOFQDEBGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000002912 waste gas Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002737 fuel gas Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000004781 supercooling Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002826 coolant Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 238000012821 model calculation Methods 0.000 description 9
- 238000005457 optimization Methods 0.000 description 9
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 8
- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000004590 computer program Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000004886 process control Methods 0.000 description 3
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012886 linear function Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012887 quadratic function Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004817 gas chromatography Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000020030 perry Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
- F25J1/02—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process
- F25J1/0243—Start-up or control of the process; Details of the apparatus used; Details of the refrigerant compression system used
- F25J1/0279—Compression of refrigerant or internal recycle fluid, e.g. kind of compressor, accumulator, suction drum etc.
- F25J1/0292—Refrigerant compression by cold or cryogenic suction of the refrigerant gas
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
- F25J1/02—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
- F25J1/0002—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the fluid to be liquefied
- F25J1/0022—Hydrocarbons, e.g. natural gas
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
- F25J1/003—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production
- F25J1/0047—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production using an "external" refrigerant stream in a closed vapor compression cycle
- F25J1/0052—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production using an "external" refrigerant stream in a closed vapor compression cycle by vaporising a liquid refrigerant stream
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
- F25J1/003—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production
- F25J1/0047—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production using an "external" refrigerant stream in a closed vapor compression cycle
- F25J1/0052—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production using an "external" refrigerant stream in a closed vapor compression cycle by vaporising a liquid refrigerant stream
- F25J1/0055—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production using an "external" refrigerant stream in a closed vapor compression cycle by vaporising a liquid refrigerant stream originating from an incorporated cascade
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
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- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
- F25J1/02—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process
- F25J1/0211—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process using a multi-component refrigerant [MCR] fluid in a closed vapor compression cycle
- F25J1/0214—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process using a multi-component refrigerant [MCR] fluid in a closed vapor compression cycle as a dual level refrigeration cascade with at least one MCR cycle
- F25J1/0215—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process using a multi-component refrigerant [MCR] fluid in a closed vapor compression cycle as a dual level refrigeration cascade with at least one MCR cycle with one SCR cycle
- F25J1/0216—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process using a multi-component refrigerant [MCR] fluid in a closed vapor compression cycle as a dual level refrigeration cascade with at least one MCR cycle with one SCR cycle using a C3 pre-cooling cycle
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
- F25J1/02—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process
- F25J1/0228—Coupling of the liquefaction unit to other units or processes, so-called integrated processes
- F25J1/0235—Heat exchange integration
- F25J1/0237—Heat exchange integration integrating refrigeration provided for liquefaction and purification/treatment of the gas to be liquefied, e.g. heavy hydrocarbon removal from natural gas
- F25J1/0238—Purification or treatment step is integrated within one refrigeration cycle only, i.e. the same or single refrigeration cycle provides feed gas cooling (if present) and overhead gas cooling
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
- F25J1/02—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process
- F25J1/0243—Start-up or control of the process; Details of the apparatus used; Details of the refrigerant compression system used
- F25J1/0244—Operation; Control and regulation; Instrumentation
- F25J1/0245—Different modes, i.e. 'runs', of operation; Process control
- F25J1/0249—Controlling refrigerant inventory, i.e. composition or quantity
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
- F25J1/02—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process
- F25J1/0243—Start-up or control of the process; Details of the apparatus used; Details of the refrigerant compression system used
- F25J1/0244—Operation; Control and regulation; Instrumentation
- F25J1/0252—Control strategy, e.g. advanced process control or dynamic modeling
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
- F25J1/02—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process
- F25J1/0243—Start-up or control of the process; Details of the apparatus used; Details of the refrigerant compression system used
- F25J1/0257—Construction and layout of liquefaction equipments, e.g. valves, machines
- F25J1/0262—Details of the cold heat exchange system
- F25J1/0264—Arrangement of heat exchanger cores in parallel with different functions, e.g. different cooling streams
- F25J1/0265—Arrangement of heat exchanger cores in parallel with different functions, e.g. different cooling streams comprising cores associated exclusively with the cooling of a refrigerant stream, e.g. for auto-refrigeration or economizer
- F25J1/0267—Arrangement of heat exchanger cores in parallel with different functions, e.g. different cooling streams comprising cores associated exclusively with the cooling of a refrigerant stream, e.g. for auto-refrigeration or economizer using flash gas as heat sink
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
- F25J1/02—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process
- F25J1/0243—Start-up or control of the process; Details of the apparatus used; Details of the refrigerant compression system used
- F25J1/0279—Compression of refrigerant or internal recycle fluid, e.g. kind of compressor, accumulator, suction drum etc.
- F25J1/0281—Compression of refrigerant or internal recycle fluid, e.g. kind of compressor, accumulator, suction drum etc. characterised by the type of prime driver, e.g. hot gas expander
- F25J1/0283—Gas turbine as the prime mechanical driver
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
- F25J1/02—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process
- F25J1/0243—Start-up or control of the process; Details of the apparatus used; Details of the refrigerant compression system used
- F25J1/0279—Compression of refrigerant or internal recycle fluid, e.g. kind of compressor, accumulator, suction drum etc.
- F25J1/0285—Combination of different types of drivers mechanically coupled to the same refrigerant compressor, possibly split on multiple compressor casings
- F25J1/0287—Combination of different types of drivers mechanically coupled to the same refrigerant compressor, possibly split on multiple compressor casings including an electrical motor
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
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- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J2205/00—Processes or apparatus using other separation and/or other processing means
- F25J2205/02—Processes or apparatus using other separation and/or other processing means using simple phase separation in a vessel or drum
- F25J2205/04—Processes or apparatus using other separation and/or other processing means using simple phase separation in a vessel or drum in the feed line, i.e. upstream of the fractionation step
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- F25J2220/00—Processes or apparatus involving steps for the removal of impurities
- F25J2220/60—Separating impurities from natural gas, e.g. mercury, cyclic hydrocarbons
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
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- F25J2220/60—Separating impurities from natural gas, e.g. mercury, cyclic hydrocarbons
- F25J2220/64—Separating heavy hydrocarbons, e.g. NGL, LPG, C4+ hydrocarbons or heavy condensates in general
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- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J2245/00—Processes or apparatus involving steps for recycling of process streams
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Abstract
Description
청구항 | 설명 | 도면부호 |
1 | 비중이 큰 냉매분율의 질량유속 | 51 |
1 | 비중이 작은 냉매분율의 질량유속 | 58, 62 |
1 | 메탄이 풍부한 원료의 질량유속 | 71 |
3 | 냉매 압축기의 속도 | 30, 31 |
7 | 메탄이 제거된 바닥 액체 스트림의 온도 | 122 |
8 | 부탄함유 스트림의 질량유속 | 113 |
9 | 초과한 바닥 액체 스트림의 질량유속 | 111 |
10 | 프로판 압축기의 속도 | 127 |
청구항 | 설명 | 도면부호 |
1 | 주 열교환기의 고온단부에서의 온도차 | 3 |
1 | 주 열교환기의 중간지점에서의 온도차 | 7 |
2 | 주 열교환기로부터 제거된 액화 스트림의 온도 | 23 |
7 | 메탄이 풍부한 기체 스트림에서의 비중이 더 큰 탄화수소의 농도 | 104 |
7 | 메탄이 제거된 바닥 액체 스트림에서의 메탄의 농도 | 122 |
7 | 메탄이 제거된 바닥 액체 스트림의 질량유속 | 122 |
7 | 환류 질량유속 | 105 |
10 | 제 1 프로판 압축기의 흡입압력 | 153 |
11 | 엔드플래쉬 압축기의 부하 | 77 |
Claims (12)
- (a) 주 열교환기의 제 1 튜브측으로 그 고온 단부에서 높은 압력으로 메탄이 풍부한 기체원료를 공급하고, 증발 냉매에 대하여 메탄이 풍부한 기체원료를 냉각, 액화 및 과냉각시켜 액화 스트림을 얻고, 저온 단부에서 주 열교환기로부터 액화 스트림을 제거하여 액화 생성물로서 저장조로 액화 스트림을 통과시키는 단계;(b) 주 열교환기의 셸측으로부터 그 고온 단부에서 증발 냉매를 제거하는 단계;(c) 하나 이상의 냉매 압축기에서 증발 냉매를 압축하여 고압 냉매를 얻는 단계;(d) 고압 냉매를 부분적으로 응축하여 부분 응축 냉매를 비중이 큰 액체 냉매분율과 비중이 작은 기체 냉매분율로 분리하는 단계;(e) 주 열교환기의 제 2 튜브측에서 비중이 큰 액체 냉매분율을 과냉각하여 과냉각된 비중이 큰 액체 냉매 스트림을 얻고, 주 열교환기의 셸측으로 그 중간지점에서 감압하에서 비중이 큰 액체 냉매 스트림을 도입하여 비중이 큰 액체 냉매 스트림을 셸측에서 증발시키는 단계; 및(f) 주 열교환기의 제 3 튜브측에서 비중이 작은 기체 냉매분율의 적어도 일부를 냉각, 액화 및 과냉각시켜 과냉각된 비중이 작은 기체 냉매 스트림을 얻고, 주 열교환기의 셸측으로 그 저온 단부에서 감압하에서 비중이 작은 기체 냉매 스트림을 도입하여 비중이 작은 기체 냉매 스트림을 셸측에서 증발시키는 단계로 이루어진, 액화 생성물을 획득하기 위하여 메탄이 풍부한 기체 원료를 액화시키는 방법에 있어서, 상기 방법은제어변수 세트중의 하나 이상을 제어하면서 매개변수 세트중의 하나 이상을 최적화하기 위하여 모델산정제어에 근거한 상급 공정 제어기를 사용하여 액화 공정을 제어하면서 동시에 조작변수 세트에 대한 제어작용을 결정하는 단계를 더 포함하며, 여기서 상기 조작변수 세트에는 비중이 큰 냉매분율의 질량유속, 비중이 작은 냉매분율의 질량유속 및 메탄이 풍부한 원료의 질량유속이 포함되고, 상기 제어변수 세트에는 주 열교환기의 고온 단부에서의 온도차와 주 열교환기의 중간지점에서의 온도차가 포함되고, 그리고 상기 최적화되도록 하는 매개변수 세트에는 액화 생성물의 생산량이 포함되는 것을 특징으로 하는 액화 방법.
- 제 1 항에 있어서, 상기 제어변수 세트에는 주 열교환기로부터 제거된 액화 스트림의 온도가 더 포함되는 것을 특징으로 하는 액화 방법.
- 제 1 항 또는 제 2 항에 있어서, 상기 조작변수 세트에는 냉매 압축기(들)의 속도가 더 포함되는 것을 특징으로 하는 액화 방법.
- 제 1 항 내지 제 3 항중의 어느 한 항에 있어서, 상기 단계 (d) 에서 고압 냉매는 적당한 압력에서 증발하는 프로판으로 간접 열교환에 의해서 하나 이상의 열교환기에서 부분적으로 응축되는 것을 특징으로 하는 액화 방법.
- 제 1 항 내지 제 4 항중의 어느 한 항에 있어서, 상기 메탄이 풍부한 기체원료는 부분적으로 응축된 원료를 획득하기 위하여 천연가스 원료를 부분적으로 응축함으로써 천연가스 원료로부터 획득되는 것을 특징으로 하는 액화 방법.
- 제 5 항에 있어서, 상기 천연가스 원료는 적당한 압력에서 증발하는 프로판으로 간접 열교환에 의해서 하나 이상의 열교환기에서 부분적으로 응축되는 것을 특징으로 하는 액화 방법.
- 제 5 항에 있어서, 스크러브 컬럼에서, 오버헤드 기체 스트림과 메탄이 제거된 바닥 액체 스트림을 얻도록 부분 응축원료를 분류하는 단계와; 오버헤드 기체 스트림을 부분적으로 응축하고, 메탄이 풍부한 기체원료를 형성하는 메탄이 풍부한 기체 스트림과 적어도 일부가 환류로서 스크러브 컬럼으로 통과되는 바닥 액체 스트림으로 오버헤드 기체 스트림을 분리하는 단계를 더 포함하며, 상기 조작변수 세트에는 메탄이 제거된 바닥 액체 스트림의 온도가 더 포함되고, 상기 제어변수에는 메탄이 풍부한 기체 스트림에서의 비중이 더 큰 탄화수소의 농도, 메탄이 제거된 바닥 액체 스트림에서의 메탄의 농도, 메탄이 제거된 바닥 액체 스트림의 질량유속 및 환류 질량유속이 더 포함되고, 그리고 상기 최적화되도록 하는 매개변수 세트에는 액화 생성물의 가열값이 더 포함되는 것을 특징으로 하는 액화 방법.
- 제 7 항에 있어서, 상기 환류에 부탄함유 스트림을 부가하는 단계를 더 포함하며, 상기 조작변수 세트에는 초과한 바닥 액체 스트림의 질량유속 및/또는 부탄함유 스트림의 질량유속이 더 포함되는 것을 특징으로 하는 액화 방법.
- 제 7 항 또는 제 8 항에 있어서, 상기 오버헤드 기체 스트림은 적당한 압력에서 증발하는 프로판으로 간접 열교환에 의해서 하나 이상의 열교환기에서 부분적으로 응축되는 것을 특징으로 하는 액화 방법.
- 제 4 항, 제 6 항 또는 제 9 항에 있어서, 상기 증발된 프로판은 하나 이상의 프로판 압축기 스테이지에서 압축되고 외부 냉각제로 열교환에 의해서 응축되며, 상기 조작변수 세트에는 프로판 압축기(들) 의 속도가 더 포함되고, 상기 제어변수 세트에는 제 1 프로판 압축기의 흡입압력이 더 포함되는 것을 특징으로 하는 액화 방법.
- 제 1 항 내지 제 10 항중의 어느 한 항에 있어서, 저장조로 통과되는 액화 생성물와 폐가스를 얻기 위하여 액화 스트림의 압력을 감소시키는 단계와, 고압 연료가스를 얻기 위하여 폐가스를 엔드플래쉬 압축기에서 압축하는 단계를 더 포함하며, 상기 제어변수 세트는 엔드플래쉬 압축기의 부하를 더 포함하는 것을 특징으로 하는 액화 방법.
- 제 1 항 내지 제 11 항중의 어느 한 항에 있어서, 상기 냉매의 벌크 조성 및 벌크 재고량을 별개로 제어하는 단계를 더 포함하는 것을 특징으로 하는 액화 방법.
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1998
- 1998-12-09 DZ DZ980281A patent/DZ2671A1/xx active
- 1998-12-09 EG EG152798A patent/EG22293A/xx active
- 1998-12-10 MY MYPI98005589A patent/MY119837A/en unknown
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- 1998-12-11 WO PCT/EP1998/008133 patent/WO1999031448A1/en active IP Right Grant
- 1998-12-11 CN CNB988121298A patent/CN1135350C/zh not_active Expired - Lifetime
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- 1998-12-11 EA EA200000639A patent/EA002008B1/ru not_active IP Right Cessation
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- 1998-12-11 DK DK98966312T patent/DK1036293T3/da active
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AU732548B2 (en) | 2001-04-26 |
DE69804849D1 (de) | 2002-05-16 |
PT1036293E (pt) | 2002-09-30 |
GC0000011A (en) | 2002-10-30 |
NO317526B1 (no) | 2004-11-08 |
AU2271499A (en) | 1999-07-05 |
DK1036293T3 (da) | 2002-04-29 |
EA200000639A1 (ru) | 2000-12-25 |
EA002008B1 (ru) | 2001-10-22 |
CN1135350C (zh) | 2004-01-21 |
WO1999031448A1 (en) | 1999-06-24 |
EG22293A (en) | 2002-12-31 |
KR100521705B1 (ko) | 2005-10-14 |
JP2002508499A (ja) | 2002-03-19 |
ATE216059T1 (de) | 2002-04-15 |
US6272882B1 (en) | 2001-08-14 |
DE69804849T2 (de) | 2002-08-22 |
EP1036293A1 (en) | 2000-09-20 |
JP4484360B2 (ja) | 2010-06-16 |
ES2175852T3 (es) | 2002-11-16 |
MY119837A (en) | 2005-07-29 |
NO20002956D0 (no) | 2000-06-09 |
DZ2671A1 (fr) | 2003-03-22 |
EP1036293B1 (en) | 2002-04-10 |
CN1281546A (zh) | 2001-01-24 |
NO20002956L (no) | 2000-08-04 |
TR200001692T2 (tr) | 2000-10-23 |
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