KR20010012220A - Chemical pinching method and composition - Google Patents

Abstract

Using an aqueous solution containing from about 10 to 90% by weight of saturated C ₆ to C ₁₈ fatty alcohol and about 90 to 10% by weight of polyoxyethylene sorbitan ester comprising a mixture of mono, di and triesters, Compositions and methods are disclosed for inhibiting growth of root shoots in tobacco plants, which are advantageous in reducing unpleasant odors in the field of application.

Description

Pharmaceutical Wetting and Composition {CHEMICAL PINCHING METHOD AND COMPOSITION}

Root shoots of Virginia tobacco are chemically inhibited using two main types of substances: penetrating (fat alcohols such as n-decanol) and penetrating forms such as maleic acid hydrazide (MH).

Although fatty alcohols are generally very effective at killing small root shoots, they are characterized by an unpleasant odor, which afflicts farmers during spraying crops, causes nausea, vomiting, and delays work. Residents living in nearby areas may also complain about this odor, limiting the extent to which tobacco growers can use this useful pharmaceutical wetting agent.

To overcome this problem, new formulations containing n-decanol and special polyoxyethylene sorbitan monooleate have been developed. These new formulations are effective in reducing odor without altering their biological activity and, above all, causing no adverse effects on the properties of yellow tobacco leaves, which must be harmful to tobacco production. Attempts to modify the n-decanol blend to contain some substances that are believed to block the odor of fatty alcohols were surprisingly unsuccessful.

Summary of the Invention

One aspect of the present invention is a method of inhibiting the growth of root shoots in tobacco, which is about 10 to about 90% by weight of saturated C as an active ingredient in an amount effective for inhibiting tobacco root shoot growth after net cutting. A method of applying an aqueous solution containing about 90 to 10% by weight of polyoxyethylene sorbitan ester, comprising a _{6-C 18} fatty alcohol and a mixture of mono, di and triesters, to tobacco plants.

Another aspect of the invention is disclosed wherein the polyoxyethylene sorbitan ester comprises a polyoxyethylene sorbitan ester of the formula:

W + x + y + z is 6-25 here.

Another aspect of the invention is disclosed wherein the fatty alcohol is N-decanol.

Another aspect of the invention is disclosed wherein the fatty alcohol is N-octanol.

Another aspect of the invention is disclosed wherein the fatty alcohol component comprises a mixture consisting essentially of N-octanol and N-decanol.

Another aspect of the invention is disclosed wherein w + x + y + z is 14-22.

Another aspect of the invention is disclosed wherein w + x + y + z is 16-20.

Another aspect of the invention is disclosed wherein the polyoxyethylene sorbitan ester is a condensation product of ethylene oxide and sorbitan fatty acid, wherein the fatty acid reacts in an excess mole of 6 to 25 moles per mole of ethylene oxide.

Another aspect of the invention is disclosed wherein the solution comprises an emulsifier, a wetting agent, a dispersant, a solvent, an electrodeposition agent, a foam inhibitor and a drifting regulator.

Another aspect of the invention is a drug comprising about 10-90% by weight of saturated C ₆ -C ₁₈ fatty alcohols and a mixture of mono, di and triesters in an amount effective to inhibit tobacco root shoot growth. It is a liquid composition for growth inhibition of the tobacco root sprout containing the aqueous solution containing 90-10 weight% of polyoxyethylene sorbitan ester. Another aspect of the invention is disclosed wherein the saturated fatty alcohol comprises N-decanol. Another aspect of the invention is disclosed wherein the saturated fatty alcohol component comprises a mixture consisting essentially of N-octanol and N-decanol. Another aspect of the present invention is disclosed wherein emulsifiers, wetting agents, dispersants, solvents, electrodeposition agents, foam inhibitors and drift modifiers are also included.

Another aspect of the invention is a liquid composition for inhibiting growth of tobacco root shoots as cited above, which further contains a humectant.

Another aspect of the invention is a method which also comprises the step of continuously and optionally contacting the crop shoots with said aqueous solution and growth regulator.

Another aspect of the present invention is also to include a method of selectively applying the aqueous solution to the side picking area. Another aspect of the invention also includes a method of applying said aqueous solution at a ratio of about 0.3 to about 20 ml per cultivar.

Another aspect of the invention is a method for inhibiting a second growth of rhododendron, comprising locally applying an effective amount of an aqueous solution.

Another aspect of the invention is a method of inhibiting plant growth by locally applying a chemical to meristem, which is an improved method comprising about 10-90% by weight of saturated C ₆ -C ₁₈ fatty alcohols and Using an effective amount of the composition comprising about 90-10% by weight of a polyoxyethylene sorbitan ester having the structure weave.

W + x + y + z is 6-25 here.

The long-chain fatty acid of the present invention constitutes the active ingredient of the chemical side-picking formulation of tobacco, but the critical element that blocks the rejection odor of the fatty acid is the gas chromatographic peak polyoxyethylene having a column holding time of 18.00 to 19.00 minutes. Present in sorbitan esters. Figure 1 shows the GC traces for polyoxyethylene sorbitan esters of inhibitory standard n-decanol formulations (20/80 weight ratio). FIG. 2 clearly shows that the polyoxyethylene sorbitan esters of the present invention have a second peak from the left with a retention time of 18.5 minutes, while Polyoxy, a commercially available inhibitor of the formulation of Unitac Chemical Company, Royaltac. It does not exist in the ethylene sorbitan ester. It is believed that this surprising result of reducing the odor of the applied formulation is derived from the specific component of the polyoxyethylene sorbitan ester represented by this critical GC peak. In order to detect this peak, any known analysis method may be used, but the following method was used to generate the traces of FIGS.

Formulation method

A water-containing aqueous emulsion, which is the most preferred embodiment of the present invention, is prepared from a solution in the following manner, to which a surfactant is added.

A suitable liquid solution was formed by dissolving saturated C ₆ to C ₁₈ fatty alcohols as active ingredients in an aqueous or organic solvent. In most cases, the solvent that acts as a carrier is an organic solvent.

Preferred solvents include aromatic hydrocarbons such as toluene and xylene. Preferred further solvents include organic compounds such as acetone, methanol, isopropanol, tert-butyl alcohol, cyclohexanone, dioxane, dimethylformamide, dimethyl sulfoxide, ethylene dichloride, diacetone alcohol and N-methylpyrrolidone do.

Surfactants suitable for the purpose of forming aqueous emulsions effective for the purposes of the present invention are known to those skilled in the art.

For example, McCutcheon's “Detergents and Emulsifiers, Allured Pullishing Corp., Ridgewood, New Jersey (1970)”; US Patent Nos. 2,514,916, columns 2-4; And US Pat. No. 2,547,734, columns 3 and 4, provide detailed examples of such surfactants suitable for this purpose. As pointed out in these references, the surfactant may be an anion, nonionic or cation.

In another embodiment of the invention, the composition takes the form of an aerosol. In preparing this aerosol, it is preferable to dissolve the compound of formula (I) in the first solvent.

The first solvent is traditional in that it is not highly volatile. The resulting solution is then mixed with a second, highly volatile solvent. Volatile second solvents are commonly referred to as "liquid aerosol carriers".

The aerosol carrier is liquid only under elevated pressure. At ambient temperatures and pressures, namely 25 ° C. and 1 atmosphere, such aerosol carriers are typically gaseous.

Generally, 0.01 to 2% by weight of an effective amount of any other component, including emulsifiers, wetting agents, solvents, electrodeposition agents, foam inhibitors and drift control agents, may be desired for certain applications.

Gas Chromatography Test Method

The following method was used to measure the presence of critical components occurring at 18.5 ± 0.5 minutes as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2.

Samples to be tested were weighed into 3 ml reaction bottles, and 1 ml of silanizing agent [BSA; TMCS; A magnetic stir chip was added with TMSI 3: 2: 3 [N, O-bis (trimethylsilyl) acetamide + trimethylchlorosilane + N-trimethylsilylimidazole]. 1 ml of toluene was added to allow the sample and reagent to mix and react. The sample was left to stir for 30-40 minutes (while lightly covered to prevent excess air / humidity entering and to relax the pressure). The sample was then transferred to a clean label 10 ml volumetric flask with HPCC grade methylene chloride. The sample was then marked with additional methylene chloride. (U _f = 10 mL) was then sampled for GC analysis.

The reaction conditions are the result of first attempts at much lower sample concentrations and longer reaction times.

Analytical Chromatography

Varian Model 3600

Column: 15M × 0.53mmID 1.5㎛ Film DB-5 +

Injector: Barian SPI on column @ 300 ℃, fixed at 0 to 325 ℃ to 15 ℃ / min for 65 minutes

Oven: Initial 60 ℃, 2 minutes

Final 310 ℃, fixed 40 minutes

Speed 5 ℃ / min

Column flow rate 5ml / min Helium Makeup ＠ 35ml / min Helium Detector Temperature 320 ℃

Tobacco Exam

In these experiments, a conventional n-decanol formulation, called the control formulation with the GC curve of FIG. 1, was compared to the formulation of the present invention showing the GC trace of FIG. Both formulations had a ratio of n-decanol to polyoxyethylene sorbitan ester of 80/20. Two large field trials were conducted, one in central Italy called Region 1 (results in Table 1) and the other in northern Italy in Region 2 (results in Table 2).

For efficient evaluation, several tests were performed in some large scale tobacco farming zones 1 and 2, where hundreds of hectares were treated with the formulation of the present invention and a special ingredientless control having the 18.5 min GC peak of the present invention.

Test in Zone 1

Experiments in zone 1 were performed on silt-mud soil, pH 7.9, organic matter content 1.7% and low nitrogen content. As reported in Table 1, tobacco grew according to normal farming methods in central Italy. As an aqueous solution of the combined product (4% v / v), N-decanol for root sprout inhibition was applied.

Four replicates and a plot surface area of 20 m 2, the control formulation and the formulation of the invention were compared using a randomized block design.

Chemicals using a Plot Oxford Precision Sprayer equipped with a thermal insulation bar, three solid cone nozzles (TG1-TG3-TG1) and carrying 600 Lha ^-1 spray at 100 kPa Was sprayed. The nozzle was held above 20 cm of the plant during the treatment.

Biological activities were recorded by collecting all normal root shoots in each plot and counting and weighing them (initial and dry weight). The average length of root shoots in each plot was also recorded. Tobacco leaves were harvested at three different time points every 20 days. At each harvest time, the tobacco leaves of each plot were weighed separately and preserved in different light to avoid cross contamination. Thermally dried tobacco leaves were stored in separate polyethylene sacks for each treatment and evaluated for tobacco odor aroma.

Thermally dried tobacco leaves were evaluated for quality by a technical committee of three experts from government departments. During this evaluation period, the appearance characteristics of the tobacco leaf (development status, color, tissue structure, consistency, etc.) are subjectively recorded, and each of the three commodity grades A, B and C (A is the highest grade). Was used to calculate the percentage of yield, classified as.

Test in zone 2

The second test, on selected native species (K326), was carried out on sandy soils in the usual agricultural method in northern Italy. The implantation date was 96. May 28, cultivated area of 1.10 × 0.37m, and plot surface area of 374m 2. Biological activity was recorded.

Fragrance rating

The acceptability of the odor of each formulation containing the control formulation was evaluated for the formulations currently in circulation. In all trials, during distribution, subjective evaluations were made by both the operator and other assistants. In both tests, some technicians followed the nebulizer during application and recorded odors on a scale of 0-100 (in terms of strength, acceptability, persistence and diffusivity).

result

Biological activity

In tests in Central Italy, both formulations well inhibited the tip root shoots and there was no significant difference between them.

Odor water soluble

The results obtained in area 1 are summarized in Table 1. In all cases and regardless of the combination, prolonged exposure to the odor of the control formulation resulted in discomfort to all those involved in the experiment. The flavor of the formulations of the present invention is characterized by high strength on handling and after 2 hours, but this is believed to be due to its “neutral” odor and was much more acceptable than commercial products.

Table 1

Example 1 The inventive formulations were much more acceptable than commercial formulations in terms of their odor and low strength and persistence.

TABLE 2

All these two years of test results indicate that the new formulations of the present invention have the same efficacy as the one currently used in the inhibition of root shoots of tobacco. In addition, the aforementioned formulations do not negatively affect the qualitative and quantitative properties of thermally dried tobacco.

With regard to the smell of fatty alcohols, it has been found that the formulations of the invention are more acceptable than the standard formulations. The formulation of the present invention, Example 1, has been found to have a lower odor intensity than the control formulation, and is more water soluble to operators working on two experimental farms, farmers on tobacco farms and residents living in the surrounding area. Because of its “neutral” odor, this formulation was considered to be the best in addressing the problem of the unpleasant odor of fatty alcohol in both Regions 1 and 2 of the largest producer of Virginia tobacco in Italy (90%).

Claims (10)

90 to 10% by weight polyoxyethylene sorbitan ester, comprising 10 to 90% by weight of saturated C ₆ to C ₁₈ fatty alcohol and a mixture of mono, di and triesters in an amount effective to inhibit tobacco root shoot growth A method of inhibiting root shoot growth in tobacco plants, comprising a method of applying an aqueous solution containing the compound as an active ingredient to tobacco plants after net cutting. The method of claim 1 wherein the polyoxyethylene sorbitan ester comprises a polyoxyethylene sorbitan ester of the formula: W + x + y + z is 6-25 here. The method of claim 1 wherein the fatty alcohol is selected from the group consisting of N-decanol, N-octanol and a mixture of N-octanol and N-decanol. The method of claim 1 wherein w + x + y + z is 14-22. The process of claim 1 wherein the polyoxyethylene sorbitan ester is the condensation product of ethylene oxide and sorbitan fatty acid, wherein the fatty acid reacts in an excess mole of 6 to 25 moles per mole of ethylene oxide. The method of claim 1, wherein the solution also includes an emulsifier, a wetting agent, a dispersant, a solvent, an electrodeposition agent, a foam inhibitor, and a drifting regulator. The method of claim 1, further comprising continuously and selectively contacting the crop shoots with the aqueous solution and growth regulator. The method of claim 1, further comprising the method of selectively applying the aqueous solution to the side picking area at a rate of 0.3-20 ml per cultivar. In the method of inhibiting plant growth by locally applying a chemical to the meristem, 10 to 90% by weight of saturated C ₆ to C ₁₈ fatty alcohol and 90 to 10% by weight of mono, di and triester An improved method comprising using an effective amount of a composition comprising a polyoxyethylene sorbitan ester comprising a mixture. 90-10% by weight of polyoxyethylene sorbent, comprising 10-90% by weight of saturated C ₆ -C ₁₈ fatty alcohols and a mixture of mono, di and triesters in an amount effective to inhibit tobacco root shoot growth. A liquid composition for inhibiting growth of tobacco roots, including an aqueous solution containing a non-ester ester.