JP4994619B2 - Plant hatching agent and plant hatching method - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a plant hatching agent and a plant hatching method. In particular, the present invention relates to a plant hatching agent and the plant hatching method using theobroxide.

  Attempts to hatch plants have been made in the past. A method of applying a hatching agent or a growth regulator to a plant to be hatched is generally used (for example, Patent Documents 1 and 2). Alternatively, it has been reported that plants are hatched by genetic recombination (Patent Document 3).

In addition to the above, Suritone (Takeda Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.) as an animidol solution and Sum Seven (Sumitomo Chemical Co., Ltd.) as a uniconazole solution are known. Kanagawa Prefectural Horticultural Experiment Station Research Report (Gakukenkenken No. 19 51-58) includes B-Nine.
JP-A-9-114277 JP 2001-335406 A JP2005-40036

  In the method using a cocoon or a growth regulator, the cocoon or growth regulator that is put into practical use is often a chemically synthesized product, which is problematic in terms of safety. In addition, hatching by genetic recombination requires special equipment and knowledge, and there is concern about the safety of plants after genetic recombination.

  Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to provide a highly safe hatching agent and a plant hatching method using such a hatching agent.

  The inventors of the present invention have paid attention to theobroxide, which is a cyclopropene epoxy compound, and variously examined its physiological activity, and found, for example, that it has an action of inducing flower bud formation (Japanese Patent No. 2955239). Theobroxide is a natural product and has high safety, and this time, the present invention was completed by finding that plants can be hatched by spraying this theobroxide on non-hatched plants, particularly plants just after germination.

The present invention is as follows.
[1] A plant glaze agent comprising as an active ingredient at least one compound selected from the group consisting of compounds represented by the following (I) to (VI):
Wherein R is an alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, R ¹ ˜R ⁸ each independently represents a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, or an alkylcarbonyl group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms in the alkyl group. )
[2] The plant dwarfing agent according to [1], wherein the compound is theobroxide.
[3] The plant hatching agent according to any one of [1] to [2], wherein the plant is a non-dwarfing variety.
[4] A method for hatching a plant, comprising supplying the plant with water containing at least one compound selected from the group consisting of compounds represented by the following (I) to (VI):
(In the formula, R is an alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, and R ^{1 to} R ⁸ are each independently a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, or an alkyl group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms. Represents an alkylcarbonyl group.)
[5] The method according to [4], wherein the compound is theobroxide.
[6] The method according to any one of [4] to [5], wherein the plant is a non-cultivated variety.
[7] The method according to any one of [4] to [6], wherein the compound is sprayed on the leaves of the plant within 3 weeks after germination at the latest.
[8] The method according to any one of [4] to [7], wherein the plants are grown under short-day conditions to promote hatching.
[9] The method according to [8], wherein the short day condition is a light period of 6 to 12 hours and a dark period of 18 to 12 hours.

  According to the present invention, plants can be hatched by using highly safe theobroxide and its derivatives.

[Dressing agent]
The moisturizing agent of the present invention contains at least one compound selected from the group consisting of theobromide and its analogs as an active ingredient. Theobroxide and its analogs are known compounds and are described, for example, in Japanese Patent No. 2955239. In the present invention, theobroxide and its analogs can be compounds represented by the following (I) to (VI).

  Japanese Patent No. 2955239 discloses an example in which theobroxide is applied to morning glory. In Japanese Patent No. 2955239, for the purpose of inducing flower bud formation, a theobromide 1 mM solution is sprayed from the third week after sowing to test the degree of flower bud formation induction up to day 54. It is described that flower bud formation induction was observed in the theobroxide application example. However, the morning glory cultivar used here is Kidachi, and Kidachi is a hatched variety, so even if theobroxide is sprayed, no hatching effect is observed.

In the above formula, R is an alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, and R _{1 to} R ₈ are each independently a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, or an alkyl group having 1 to 1 carbon atoms. 5 represents an alkylcarbonyl group. R is preferably an alkyl group having 1 to 3 carbon atoms, more preferably a methyl group. R _{1 to} R ₈ are preferably a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group having 1 to 3 carbon atoms, or an alkylcarbonyl group having 1 to 2 carbon atoms in the alkyl group, more preferably a hydrogen atom or a linear alkyl having 1 to 3 carbon atoms. Group and methylcarbonyl group. These compounds can be easily obtained from the culture filtrate by culturing the filamentous fungus Lasiodiplodia theobromae. In addition, it can be synthesized in two steps using P-toluguenone as a starting material. Of the above compounds, theobromide represented by the following formula (VII) and the compound represented by formula (VIII) are preferable, and theobromide is particularly preferable. Theobroxide is a cyclopropene epoxy compound isolated from the culture filtrate of the filamentous fungus Lasiodiplodia theobromae. A production method by purification and separation of theobroxide is also described in JP-A-2004-33088.

  The droughting agent of the present invention may give the above compound to a plant as it is, but in addition to the above compound, other components such as a bulking agent, a surfactant and an auxiliary agent used for formulating general agricultural chemicals. It is desirable to prepare and apply solid preparations such as wettable powders, granules and powders and liquid preparations such as emulsions, solutions and suspensions. The active ingredient content in the preparation is preferably adjusted in the preparation so that the application concentration is 1 mM or more. The application amount of the dressing agent of the present invention can be appropriately set according to the target plant, weather conditions, formulation form of the composition, application method, application time, and the like.

  In the present invention, plants that are hatched by the hatching agent are non-hatched varieties. There are varieties having a natural hatching trait and varieties having a non-hatching trait, even if they are of the same type. In the case of varieties having hatching traits, they hatch regardless of the presence or absence of hatching agents. In other words, even if a soaking agent is present, it is not substantially affected by the soaking agent. On the other hand, in the case of non-hatched varieties having non-hatching traits, the hatching is markedly hatched by spraying the hatching agent of the present invention.

  Whether a plant has a natural hatching trait or a non-dwarfing trait can be determined by its height being smaller than that of a standard plant. Non-hatch traits are often due to genetic or pathological factors.

  Although the plant used as the object which uses the drought agent of this invention is not specifically limited, It can be a plant for appreciation. Plants for viewing can be morning glory, tobacco, chrysanthemum, roses, sunflowers, and the like. These ornamental plants, which are the same species but are divided into hatched varieties and non-hatched varieties, are suitable for such plants. It is suitable for. Moreover, grapes, rice, wheat, soybeans, etc. can be mentioned as examples of plants other than those for viewing that are intended for using the droughting agent of the present invention. Especially in rice and wheat cultivation, the effect of preventing overturning can be expected by using a mashing agent.

[Hatching method]
The hatching method of the present invention includes supplying water containing a hatching agent containing, as an active ingredient, at least one compound selected from the group consisting of theobroxide and its analogs. The glaze agent of the present invention can contain the above-mentioned compound as an active ingredient and a diluent such as water as a carrier. Moreover, it is preferable to contain nonionic surfactants, such as Tween (Tween 20).

  The dwarfing agent can be applied in various forms, for example, to plants of the non-dwarfing variety, but it is preferable to spray the leaves. In this case, it is preferable to use it as an aqueous solution or a water dispersion containing 0.01 to 10 mM of the above compound and 0.0001 to 0.1% by weight of a nonionic surfactant. Foliar application can be performed by a conventional method. Foliar spraying may be performed after the ground part appears. It is desirable to apply it about 1 to 4 times per week during a time when vegetative growth is vigorous. The time of spraying is preferably an early time after germination, and in order to efficiently hatch, for example, it is preferable to spray the above-mentioned hatching agent on the leaves of the plant within 3 weeks after germination at the latest. Moreover, when growing a plant by straining, it is preferable to spray the said fungicide on the leaf of a plant immediately after straining.

  Plants sprayed with the hatching agent of the present invention can promote hatching by growing them under short-day conditions. The short day condition is a condition in which the light period is 12 hours or less in 24 hours, and more specifically, the light period is 6 to 12 hours and the dark period is 18 to 12 hours.

Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in more detail with reference to examples.
Plant Cultivation and Treatment Method Seeds of morning glory (Piolet, Pharbitis nil) were sown on a seedbed in which peat moss and perlite were mixed one-on-one, germinated in an artificial weather device, and grown for one week. Regarding the day length, two conditions were set: a long day condition (18 hours light period, 6 hours dark period) and a short day condition (10 hours light period, 14 hours dark period).

Treatment method of theobroxide One week after sowing, theobromide at a concentration of 1 mM was sprayed evenly on the leaf surface every 2 days. This treatment was carried out for 2 weeks. Thereafter, those with good growth were transplanted into pots (small), and after about 2 months, similar potting was performed again. When the theobroxide treatment was completed, the length between the top of the plant and the part where the foliage appeared was measured. The results are shown in Figure 1. From the results shown in FIG. 1, it can be seen that theobromide application suppresses the growth of morning glory under both long and short day conditions. It can also be seen that hatching is promoted under short-day conditions. Figure 2 shows the actual morning glory.

  The present invention is useful for plant breeding such as horticulture.

The measurement result of Example 1. The state of the morning glory obtained in Example 1 is shown.

Claims (9)

A plant drunking agent containing, as an active ingredient, at least one compound selected from the group consisting of compounds represented by the following (I) to (VI):
(In the formula, R is an alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, and R ^{1 to} R ⁸ are each independently a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, or an alkyl group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms. Represents an alkylcarbonyl group.) 2. The plant dwarfing agent according to claim 1, wherein the compound is theobroxide. The plant dwarfing agent according to any one of claims 1 to 2, wherein the plant is a non-dwarfing variety. A method for hatching a plant, comprising supplying water containing at least one compound selected from the group consisting of compounds represented by the following (I) to (VI) to the plant.
Wherein R is an alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, R ¹ ~ R ⁸ Each independently represents a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, or an alkylcarbonyl group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms in the alkyl group. ) 5. The method of claim 4, wherein the compound is theobroxide. The method according to any one of claims 4 to 5, wherein the plant is a non-dwarfing variety. The method according to any one of claims 4 to 6, wherein the compound is sprayed on the leaves of the plant at the latest within 3 weeks after germination. The method according to any one of claims 4 to 7, wherein the hatching is promoted by growing the plant under short-day conditions. 9. The method according to claim 8, wherein the short-day condition is a light period of 6 to 12 hours and a dark period of 18 to 12 hours.