KR19990047188A - Refining dyeing method of silk fiber - Google Patents

Abstract

In the present invention, a plurality of dye solution inlet hole is formed and the refining and dyeing in the state in which the thread is wound on the cylinder with a flange formed on both ends of the body provided with a support for improving durability, but heat treatment at high temperature and high pressure instead of the conventional refining method Method for refining and dyeing silk fibers that not only shorten the process but also prevent yarn damage due to the process shortening by dyeing by means of a method of refining and improving the quality by improving the quality while at the same time improving the quality. will be.

Description

Refining dyeing method of silk fiber

The present invention relates to a method for refining and dyeing silk fibers, and more particularly, while refining and dyeing silk fibers as they are wound and wound around a cylinder (bobbin) for use without undergoing a separate threading or winding process. It relates to a refined dyeing method of silk fibers.

In general, raw silk, which is a raw material of silk fiber, is a so-called biphasic fiber composed of fibroin (fibroin) and about 25% of sericin. Fibroin has a higher order structure composed of microfibril and fibril stages due to its microstructure.

Fibroin, a poorly soluble fibrous protein, acts as a fiber, and sericin, a soluble, non-fibrous protein, focuses on each fiber that protects internal fibroin. Raw silk with sericin, which is a protein that is relatively soluble in water, remains intact and rough.It is used a lot in summer materials or for roads, and refiners (fibroin) without sericin show excellent luster and soft touch. It is mainly used for neckties, scarves, and dress papers.

Scouring (degumming) refers to the process of removing the secondary impurities attached to the fiber during the handling process, such as the primary impurities already contained in the fiber production process, such as fats and oils, pigments, etc. However, refining in silk fibers has a completely different meaning from refining other fibers. The main purpose is to remove the impurities as well as sericin, which accounts for about 25% of the total, to express an elegant luster and soft touch.

In order to remove sericin in a short time, the weak alkaline solution mainly used for refining is used.In case of lack of refining, excellent properties of silk fiber such as gloss and touch are not expressed. As part of it is damaged, permanent defects such as wool phenomenon and dyeing disorder appear, and the degree of refining directly affects the quality of silk fiber products.

Currently, skein refining dyeing using a hank dyeing machine (HANK DYEING MACHINE) is mainly used for refining dyeing of silk fibers.

Skein refined dyeing method has the advantage of easy operation and visual confirmation of the chlorine from time to time during the operation, but the quality of refined dyeing yarn is poor because the quality of refining dyeing yarn becomes poor due to the spraying of water and the large amount of wool. It is not suitable for manufacturing, in the case of poor water permeability, such as twisted yarn, there is a disadvantage in that refining efficiency is lowered, and in the case of twisting more than 1000T / M, even when dyed, seaweed becomes impossible due to twisting of the skein.

On the other hand, the recently developed cheese refining dyeing method is a refining dyeing method using a cheesy dyeing machine (CHEESE DYEING MACHINE). Therefore, it is possible to reduce the cost and at the same time, it is a refined dyeing method that can shorten the process, improve productivity, reduce the preparation, improve the permeability, deepen the color.

In the cheese refining dyeing method of silk fiber, sericin and impurities equivalent to about 25% of the weight are eluted and the volume is reduced. Because of this non-uniformity, it is only used in some sites, and complete industrialization is still insufficient.

Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to improve the quality of refined dyeing company as well as to reduce costs due to shortening of the process and reducing manpower while maintaining the advantages of the cheese refined dyeing method that the quality of refined dyeing yarn is excellent and low-cost refined dyeing is possible. It is an object of the present invention to provide a method for refining dyeing of silk fibers.

In order to achieve the above object as well as another object that can be easily expressed in the present invention, the silk fiber is wound in a cylinder commonly used in the joint twist process, mounted on a cheese refiner, and then put in a small amount of water and a small amount of preparation. Refining at high temperature and high pressure, and then refining for a proper time according to the degree of twisting of the silk fibers to remove sericin and other impurities of the silk fibers, washing the silk fibers, which have been wound in the cylinder and thoroughly washed with hot or cold water, and then adding dye and preparing dyes. By adding a small amount of dyeing by a known method, it was possible to refine the dyeing of silk fibers, which can obtain various side effects such as improving quality, preventing cost, reducing costs, and shortening processes.

The present invention is described in more detail as follows.

The method of refining dyeing of silk dye of the present invention is to wound the silk fiber in a cylinder commonly used in the twisted yarn process, and then, the cheese refining dyeing machine is mounted in a small amount of water and a small amount of preparation, and refined at high temperature and high pressure, but the twisting of the silk fiber Depending on the degree of scouring, the sericin and other impurities of the silk fibers are removed, the silk fibers wound and refined in a cylinder are washed with hot water or cold water sufficiently, and then dyes are added and a small amount of dyeing aid is added to dye them in a known manner. It is characterized by.

That is, in the refined dyeing method of the present invention, the use of a cheese dyeing machine is the same as the refined dyeing method of cheese, but since the winding process of winding raw silk is omitted, the process is shortened, the manpower reduction, and the quality improvement of the refined dyeing company are compared. It can be done. First, the raw sand must be wound in a cylinder state. Generally, the cylinder used for the twisted yarn process is used as it is, which is different from the cheese refining dyeing method, in which the tension, density and winding angle play a very important role in the cheese winding process. It is clearly distinguished.

In general refining, soap and alkali are used, but in the present invention, the refining is performed without using any of them. However, a swelling agent is used in order to use a small amount of soap or surfactant to prevent reattachment of the eluted sericin or to increase refining efficiency. You can also use In addition, by adjusting the refining time appropriately, the deterioration rate can be adjusted within the range of 5 to 25%, and in particular, since the sericin in and out of the fiber can be effectively removed through high temperature and high pressure refining, the refining method using a spray skein dyeing machine It can be completely refined by a speaker who is difficult to do.

The silk fibers wound and refined in a cylinder are sufficiently washed with hot water or cold water to be dried or dyed, and are mainly dyed for about 1 hour at room temperature to 150 ° C. using an acid dye, a metal dye, and a reactive dye.

Preferably, refining was carried out by heat treatment at high temperature and high pressure for 20 to 40 minutes at a temperature of 120 ~ 130 ℃. In the case of refining, if the treatment temperature is less than the above range or the treatment time is less than the above range, the refining effect is not satisfactory. If the treatment temperature or the treatment time exceeds the above range, the sericin removal and some fibroin of the silk fibers produced are damaged. Not only are there problems such as deterioration of properties such as the strength of the yarn, but they are not economical.

When the refining is performed by the heat treatment method of high temperature and high pressure, sericin is dissolved and not only obtains the refining effect equivalent to that of the conventional chemical refining method, but also does not cause environmental pollution by not using refining aids.

However, in order to prevent reattachment of sericin eluted during refining by heat treatment at high temperature and high pressure, it is preferable to use a refining aid of soap or surfactant in a small amount, preferably less than 1% owf. In very small quantities, the degree of environmental pollution is significantly reduced compared to the conventional methods.

In addition, in the present invention, the dyeing is applied to a known method as it is, but since the refining process and the dyeing process are carried out in a state in which the yarn is wound on the cylinder, the process is simplified to prevent damage to the yarn to be produced and to obtain an economic effect. Could.

The following examples and comparative examples illustrate the invention in more detail, but do not limit the scope of the invention.

Example 1

Refining was performed by high temperature and high pressure heat treatment for 10 to 50 minutes at a temperature of 110 ° C to 130 ° C (20 minutes of temperature rise time), as shown in Table 1, with the raw yarns twisted at 21 double distillation 1500T / M wound in a cylinder. Immediately after dyeing by a known method to obtain a twisted wire dye, the elongation and elongation rate for each winding site was measured and described in Table 2 and Table 3.

In order to compare the effects according to the treatment time, the refining treatment was performed for 10 minutes or 20 minutes, and the elongation and aging rate for each winding area were measured and described in Tables 1 and 2.

TABLE 1

* Annual rate by soap refining: 22.2%

[Table 2] Elongation by winding area (g / d,%)

As can be seen from Table 1 and Table 2, the higher the refining temperature and the longer the refining time, the higher the decay rate and the better refining. While very low, it was found that at 130 ° C., a sufficient annualization rate can be obtained with only 10 minutes of treatment. Therefore, it was found that the cylinder refining method is effective for sericin removal and is preferably refined for 20 to 30 minutes at a temperature of 120 to 130 ° C. In addition, the elongation of the silk fiber refined according to the method of the present invention was similar to the elongation of the silk fiber refined by the conventional method, there is no significant difference in the use of the actual weaving process because there is no big difference between the winding parts.

Example 2

In the same manner as in Example 1 except that the refining was carried out by adding soaps in the amounts shown in Tables 3 and 4 to promote refining and promote gloss and feel, the degree of lathiness and soap was generated. The decay rate according to the addition was measured and listed in Tables 3 and 4.

[Table 3] Refinement Conditions and Rajunis Generation

Soap Soda Refining: Soap 20% and Soda 5%, 95 ℃, 1 hour

[Table 4] Refinement Conditions and Annual Rate According to Soap Addition

Table 3 shows the results of the Lausiness test to determine the degree of damage to the silk fiber according to the refining conditions, the results of the launiness results in various defects such as the wool generated on the surface of the silk fiber by various external factors such as dyeing processing It is evaluation and says dyeing disorder. The highest quality raw silk currently being used can be referred to as A4 grade, and the Lausiness grade of A4 grade silk is defined as 85 or more, but in the case of refining according to the present invention, since no Lausiness appears at all, the surface is not damaged at all. Is evaluated.

In addition, as can be seen from Table 4, the higher the refining temperature and the longer the refining time, the higher the deterioration rate. However, it was shown that a temperature of 130 ° C. is required to obtain a sufficient deterioration rate. It was judged to be dependent, and it was found that it is desirable to refine for 20 to 30 minutes at a temperature of 120 to 130 ℃ compared to the 22.2% of the annual reduction rate by the conventional soap refining method, and the effect of improving the gloss and feel by soap is Incidentally, it appeared to be somewhat expressed.

Comparative example

In order to prepare for the effects of the present invention, a conventional method, i. In the refining tank containing the density | concentration of, it refine | purified by impregnation for 60 minutes at the temperature of 90-95 degreeC. During refining, neither sodium silicate nor sodium carbonate was used, and the deterioration rate at this time was 22.2%.

As described above, in the present invention, the silk fiber is wound in a cylinder generally used in the weaving yarn process, mounted on a cheese refining dyeing machine, and then put a proper amount of water and a small amount of preparation, and the silk fiber is wound around the cylinder by refining at high temperature and high pressure. Instead of the conventional refining method, the refining process is performed by high temperature and high pressure heat treatment instead of the conventional refining method. It was possible to obtain an effect capable of producing a high quality silk fabric.

Claims (3)

The silk fiber is wound in a cylinder commonly used in the twisted yarn process, mounted in a cheese refiner dyeing machine, added with water and a small amount of preparation, refined at high temperature and high pressure, and refined for a proper time according to the degree of twisting of the silk fiber to obtain sericin and other silk fibers. A method of refining and dyeing silk fibers, characterized in that impurities are removed, the silk fibers wound and refined in a cylinder are sufficiently washed with hot water or cold water, and then dyes are added and a small amount of dyeing aid is added to dye the silk fibers in a known manner. The method for refining and dyeing silk fibers according to claim 1, wherein the refining is carried out at a temperature of 120 to 130 ° C for 20 to 30 minutes. The soap according to claim 1, wherein the soap is used as a refining aid. Refined dyeing method of silk fibers, characterized in that the use.