KR19990044800A - Waste Shredding Device - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a waste crushing apparatus capable of efficiently crushing wastes such as raw waste, plastic film or plastic caps, and processing waste raw materials with moisture by compressing and dehydrating efficiently. , An open end 2 covered by a circular porous plate 9 having a bearing hole 7 formed in the center, a closed end 3 formed with a bearing hole 7 'in the center, and an upper portion near the closed end. A cylindrical casing 1 having a waste inlet 4 formed therein and a plurality of rows of transfer grooves 5 engraved in the inner wall axial direction thereof, and the tip thereof in contact therewith with the porous plate 9; A waste crushing device configured to receive an extruded screw 6 having an outer diameter slightly smaller than the inner diameter of the cylindrical casing 1, rotatably supported by a bearing hole formed in the porous plate 9 and the closed end 3. In the extrusion screw The tip portion 6 'is formed in a trapezoidal cone shape in which the diameter gradually decreases toward the front, and the surface of the small diameter of the trapezoidal cone has a diameter almost equal to that of the trapezoidal cone and reaches the surface of the large diameter of the trapezoidal cone. A plurality of rows of radial grooves 16 having a cylindrical hole 15 having a depth to be formed and an inclined side which gradually increases in thickness from the cylindrical hole 15 toward the outside from the cylindrical plane and the rear to the front; ),… The cutter fitting groove is formed by engraving, and also has a flat shape suitable for the cutter fitting groove and a thickness almost equal to the depth of the cylindrical hole, the cutting edge (10 ") (10 '') The cutter 10 formed of ') is fitted into the cutter fitting groove and the device is formed by engraving a plurality of lines of shredded waste discharge grooves 19 into the upper half and the lower half. Cylindrical casings having a plurality of drain holes 20 are successively installed on the pressing edge, and another extrusion screw 21 is coaxially rotated with the extruded screw 6 in the circular casing. In one embodiment, the plastic molded product or wood chips mixed in the raw waste are ground together with the raw waste and dehydrated.

Description

Waste Shredding Device

The present invention relates to a waste crushing apparatus capable of efficiently crushing wastes such as raw waste, plastic film, or plastic cap, and processing raw waste with moisture by pressing and dewatering efficiently. .

So far, as the apparatus for treating raw waste for home use or business purposes, for example, those shown in the side cross-sectional view of FIG. 6 and the exploded perspective view of FIG. 7 are known (Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 61-4474).

This device opens one end 2 and covers it with the porous plate 9, closes the other end 3, forms an inlet 4 of fresh garbage on the upper side, and has a plurality of lines on the inner wall surface. Transfer groove 5,... And an extruded screw 6 which is rotatably mounted so as to face the porous plate 9 via the cutter 10 with a cylindrical casing 1 formed by carving the die, and the cutter 10 therein. ) Is supported by the bearing hole 7 of the porous plate 9 which is fixed by the pressing frame 8 from the outside.

On the other hand, the cutter 10 provided with two or four blades is mounted so that it may coaxially rotate with the extrusion screw 6.

And the raw waste thrown in from the inlet 4 is grind | pulverized by the extrusion screw 6, and the conveyance groove 5,... Passed forward through it, and further dehydrated therebetween, finely cut by the cutter 10 and passed through the holes of the porous plate 9 to be discharged into fine pieces.

On the other hand, the water generated by the pulverization is drained grooves 12, ... formed in the back plate 11 of the screw (6). It passes through the passage and is discharged from the drain port 13. (14) and (14) are bars for scraping off the debris attached to the drainage portion.

This raw waste treatment apparatus has a function of cutting the raw waste with moisture by crushing and dehydrating it with a screw, but the separation efficiency of water and the crushing efficiency of solids are still insufficient. An apparatus for compression and dehydration at the stage was proposed (Japanese Patent Application No. 9-20488).

However, in the trash, polyvinyl chloride bags, plastic wraps, plastic caps, and the like, which are often used for packaging, are mixed, and since they have flexibility and elasticity, the waste disposal apparatus described above includes a screw or a cutting member. It cannot be cut finely by the action, it is conveyed forward while twisted in the casing, gradually becomes a string, is pushed between the cutting member, the screw and the perforated plate, and is wound on the rotating shaft, and finally, The hole of the perforated plate is blocked and operation is disabled.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made to overcome the drawbacks of such conventional waste disposal apparatuses, and to provide a device that can simply disintegrate and smoothly handle the wastes even if plastic molded products are mixed in the waste. .

1 is a side cross-sectional view of an example of the device of the present invention;

Figure 2 is a perspective view of the screw tip of the present invention device

Figure 3 is a perspective view of the cutting member of the present invention device

4 is a perspective view of a casing portion of an example different from that of FIG. 1 of the apparatus of the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a perspective view showing the structure of each component housed in a casing of the apparatus of FIG. 4; FIG.

Figure 6 is a side cross-sectional view showing the structure of a conventional live garbage device

FIG. 7 is an exploded perspective view of the same raw waste garbage device as in FIG. 6; FIG.

<Description of Symbols for Main Parts of Drawings>

1, 18: cylindrical casing 2: open end

3: closed end 4: waste inlet

5: feed groove 6, 21: screw

6 ': tip of screw 7, 7': bearing hole

8: presser 9: perforated plate

10: Cutter 11: Screw Back Plate

12: Drain groove 13: Drain

14: scraping bar 15: cylindrical hole for cutter fitting

16: Cutter fitting grooved groove 17, 17 ': flange

19: Shredded waste discharge groove 20: Drain hole

22: sliding member 23: ejecting jig insertion hole

24: pressure plate 25: pressure plate center hole

26: rotating shaft 27: adjusting bolt

28: washer

MEANS TO SOLVE THE PROBLEM As a result of earnestly researching in order to develop not only the raw waste which a plastic molded product mixes, but also the polyvinyl chloride packaging bag, the plastic container, etc., the apparatus for crushing weight reduction, It can be configured so that there is no gap between them, and the blades are attached to the front and rear sides of the cutter, and the tip of the screw is formed into a conical trapezoid with a slender end, and the cutter can be inserted and accommodated on the front surface. By engraving the grooves formed therein, the inventors have found that the object can be achieved, and based on this knowledge, the present invention has been achieved.

In other words, the present invention includes an open end 2 covered by a circular porous plate 9 having a bearing hole 7 formed at its center, and a closed end 3 formed with a bearing hole 7 'at its center. , Having a waste inlet 4 above the closed end, and having a plurality of rows of transfer grooves 5 in the inner wall axial direction; Cylindrical casing (1) formed therein and its tip in contact with the porous plate (9) to form a bearing hole (7), (7 ') formed in the porous plate (9) and the closed end (3). A waste crushing device configured to accommodate an extruded screw 6 having an outer diameter slightly smaller than the inner diameter of the cylindrical casing 1, which is rotatably supported by), or a circularly formed bearing hole 7 in the center portion. It has an open end 2 covered by the stencil 9, a closed end 3 having a bearing hole 7 'formed at its center, and a waste inlet 4 near the closed end 3. A plurality of rows of feed grooves 5 in the wall axis direction,... A cylindrically shaped first casing 1 formed therein and a tip end portion thereof in contact with the porous plate 9 to form a bearing hole 7 formed in the porous plate 9 and the closed end portion 3, ( A first processing portion (A) containing a first extrusion screw (6) having an outermost diameter slightly smaller than the inner diameter of the cylindrical first casing (1) rotatably supported by 7 ' A plurality of shredded waste discharge grooves (19), It is made by carving, a plurality of drain holes 20, ... The second pressure screw 21, which is coaxially rotated with the first extrusion screw 6, is mounted in the cylindrical second casing 18 on which the groove is formed, and the internal pressure provided at the end opposite to the first extrusion screw 6 is provided. In the waste crushing device comprising a second processing section (B) in which a plate (24) is supported by a second extrusion screw (21) and a load in the axial direction of the rotating shaft (26), the extruded screw ( 6) In the latter case, the tip end 6 'of the first extrusion screw 6 is formed in a trapezoidal cone shape in which the diameter gradually decreases toward the front, and on the face of the small diameter of the trapezoidal cone, the diameter and A cylindrical hole 15 having an equal diameter and having a depth reaching the large diameter face of the trapezoidal cone, and gradually increasing thickness from the cylindrical hole 15 toward the outside, from the rectangular plane and the rear to the front. Of multiple lines with inclined sides Four shaped groove (16), ... The cutter fitting groove is formed by engraving, and also has a flat shape suitable for the cutter fitting groove and a thickness almost equal to the depth of the cylindrical hole, the cutting edge (10 ") (10 '') It is to provide a waste shredding device, characterized in that the cutter 10 formed of ') is fitted into the cutter fitting groove.

Next, according to the accompanying drawings, the configuration of the apparatus of the present invention will be described.

Fig. 1 is a side cross-sectional view showing a first example of the apparatus of the present invention, wherein the open end portion 2 covered by a circular porous plate 9 having a bearing hole 7 formed in the center thereof, and a bearing hole 7. And a waste inlet 4 formed at the upper side, and a plurality of rows of transfer grooves 5 on the inner wall. And a compression screw having an outermost diameter slightly smaller than the inner diameter of the cylindrical casing 1, which is rotatably supported by the bearing holes 7 and 7 ′ formed therein, 6) there is no substantial difference between the conventional one and the one having the structure that accommodates it.

As the extruded screw 6, as shown in Fig. 1, the base end of the feed spiral is aligned directly under one end of the feed opening 4, and the pitch of the spiral is equal to the length of the feed opening. It is preferable to use a lead angle of the first spiral mountain that is continuous to the base end to be smaller than the lead angle of other raline acids, thereby improving the feeding speed and the crushing efficiency.

The extruded screw 6 of the present invention has a shape in which the pitch and the groove depth are reduced on the basis of a certain ratio according to the tip portion, and the tip portion 6 'is formed of the porous plate 9 and As shown in the perspective view of Fig. 2, the tip portion thereof is formed in a trapezoidal cone shape having a narrow tip whose diameter gradually decreases toward the front, and an arm portion of the cutter 10 prepared separately. (10 '),... A plurality of rows of grooves 16 extending radially outward from the cylindrical hole 15 formed in the surface of the small diameter of the trapezoidal cone for fitting the ... And the grooves 16,... The maximum depth of the surface of the cutter 10 is approximately equal to the thickness of the cutter 10, and when the cutter 10 is fitted, there is no gap between the front surface of the cutter 10 and the rear surface of the porous plate 9. It is necessary.

Moreover, about the said cutter 10, as shown in the perspective view of FIG. 3, the female part 10 'which protrudes outward with the hole which penetrates the axis | shaft of the screw 6 (three in figure), … And a female portion 10 ',... In this case, it is necessary to form cutting blades 10 ", ..., (10 '"), ... on the front and back sides. In addition, this arm part 10', ... is a cylindrical casing (1). It is necessary to form the length to be in contact with the inner wall of the tip portion.

In the apparatus of the present invention having such a structure, when waste, for example, raw waste containing plastic molded products is introduced from the inlet 4, a relatively large amount of waste in the waste is pushed forward by the screw 6, and the transfer groove (5),… Passing through to reach the front end of the cylindrical casing (1), the transfer groove (5) formed on the inner wall of the casing in between, ... It is chopped by the boundary mountain of 과 and the outer diameter spiral of the screw 6.

Subsequently, the raw waste that has reached the front end of the cylindrical casing 1 is further ground finely by cutting blades 10 ", ..., (10 '&quot;),… formed on the front and rear surfaces of the cutter 10 again. Then, it passes through the porous plate 9 and is discharged.

In the meantime, the plastic molded product mixed in the raw waste, for example, a polyvinyl chloride bag or a plastic film, is rolled into the extrusion screw 6, twisted and gradually developed into a string, or the transfer groove of the casing inner wall as described above. The screw tip 6 'is reached while being severely torn and cut by the spiral of the boundary and the screw outer diameter, but this part includes the three arm portions 10' of the cutter 10,... Since the plastic molded article is restricted in movement and stays in the same space, and is not wound around the rotating shaft or the cutter, the perforated plate or the plastic molded article is formed by the subsequent plastic waste ( 9) is extruded. The screw tip 6 'is formed in a trapezoidal conical shape with a thin tip, and has a gradient toward the front, so that the raw waste can be efficiently pressed onto the porous plate 9, and the front surface of the cutter 10 is provided. It is further pulverized and discharged by the cutting blade 10 "

4 is a perspective view showing a second example of the apparatus of the present invention, wherein the structure of the first processing unit A is entirely the same as that of the first example of the apparatus of the present invention. 17), 2nd process part B is connected through 17 '.

FIG. 5 is a perspective view showing the structure of each component accommodated in the first casing 1 of the first processing unit and the second casing 18 of the second processing unit.

In these drawings, the second casing 18 has a plurality of rows of waste grooves 19,... Is carved and formed in the lower half of the plurality of drain holes 20,... Has become. The second casing 18 is advantageously constructed by separately bolting the upper half and the lower half and bolting it through a flange. However, the second casing 18 may be connected by screw fitting, welding or other means.

Inside the second casing 18, the rotary shaft 26 is fixed to the shortest end of the first extrusion screw 6 in the first casing 1 so as to coaxially rotate with the first extrusion screw 6. The cutter 10 is arranged so that the porous plate 9 is in contact with each other, and the porous plate 9 is, for example, connected to the flange 17 'connecting the first casing 1 and the second casing 18, for example. It is supported by the state which does not rotate through a pin.

The second extrusion screw 21 is fixed to the inside of the second casing 18 via a spline formed on the rotary shaft 26.

At the open end of the second casing 18, a pressure-resistant plate 24 having a center hole 25 is fixed to the second casing 18 via a bolt or the like. The bolt hole is formed in the end surface of the rotating shaft 26, and the adjustment bolt 27 which penetrated the center hole 25 of the pressure-resistant plate 24 is screw-fitted to this. The adjusting bolt 27 is provided with a washer 28, and the washer 28 fits into the center hole 25 of the pressure plate 24 to support the rotating shaft 26.

This adjustment bolt 27 can be adjusted suitably so that the 2nd extrusion screw 21, the cutter 10, and the porous plate 9 may be improved and closely contacted with the wear degree.

In addition, the crushed waste intrudes into the contact portion between the first extrusion screw 6 and the cutter 10, the cutter 10, and the porous plate 9, but when the wear occurs, the contact contact is damaged and smooth. Since the close sliding is not performed, the fastening state of the adjusting bolt 27 is appropriately adjusted so that the close sliding can be maintained at all times, and the export of the processing waste is continued.

In general, the first extruded screw 6 causes a deviation in the waste to be sent to the porous plate 9 or the pressure applied to the porous plate 9 depending on the quantity, thereby causing the engagement of the rotary shaft 26. Vibration of the part, which is amplified toward the distal end portion, promotes abrasion of the metal circuit and the second extrusion screw outer diameter of the joint, resulting in a significant shortening of the service life. And the adjustment bolt 27 can prevent such a trouble by adjusting it suitably.

The second casing 18 has a plurality of shredded waste discharge grooves 19,. Is formed, finely cut by the first compression screw 6 and the cutter 10, and crushed waste to be discharged by the second extrusion screw 21, the discharge grooves 19,... Passing through, it is discharged from the upper gap between the pressure-resistant plate 24 and the second casing 18. In addition, in the lower half of the second casing 18, the water draining hole 20 of water squeezed out from raw waste,... Although many are formed, the drain hole 20,... The ratio of the long side / short side is 1.5-2, and it is preferable to form a short side in the rectangular shape of 1.0-2.0 mm. In addition, it is advantageous in terms of processing that the lower half of the second casing 18 is formed into a mesh plate structure having such a gap.

Normally, this type of water drainage is used for the mesh of the round hole, but this is not a problem during the first time, but the mesh is clogged gradually during use, causing clogging and becoming dehydrated. It is necessary to clean one by one carefully, and to remove the blockage, and you must spend great effort and time.

The cause of such clogging is a crusher or raw waste treatment machine, such as glass products such as glass bottles, resin products such as ceramics and food containers, paper products such as paper containers, chicken bones, fish bones, and vegetable fibers. This is because the fine particles can hardly enter or escape from the circular hole due to the strong pressing and pressing pressure of the rotating screw.

In the case of the microfibers, this phenomenon is explained by taking a pressing force on the width of the full width region of the diameter of the round hole. As a result, the microfibers sandwiched from the upper edge to the lower edge of the hole have the right end of the circle along the arc. It gradually hardens into multiple layers while gathering in one by one, and one is soft and weak microfibers. This becomes blocked and becomes impossible to dehydrate.

In addition, even if this aggregate is trying to clean up the solidified fiber mass and presses it in the opposite direction, the compressed mass cannot be returned to the other side because it is a circle.

Due to the blockage of the mesh formed of such a round hole, the treated product is discharged with a large amount of non-dehydrated water, and in addition, a large amount of residue left in the mesh in the almost incapable state becomes a source of odor.

When the pore diameter of the mesh is increased in order to avoid such a bad effect, a small amount of fine particles smaller than the pore diameter, which should not be discharged together with the original water together with the microfibers, for example, rice grains, etc., are substantially removed from the mesh. As a live garbage processor, fatal defects are detected.

In addition, attempts to eliminate this defect have a complicated structure in which the rotating brush itself is circulated in contact with the outer periphery of the mesh cylinder while injecting water, and attempts to always clean the mesh have failed. There is no success.

The research in the water drainage hole 20 as a suitable state of the present invention solves all of the above inconveniences and defects by making the shape of the hole rectangular. That is, since the direction of the microfibers inserted from the upper edge to the lower edge of the hole becomes the same direction and parallel, the microfibers are gathered by turning along an arc like a round hole, intertwined and superimposed with each other, compressed and pressed firmly. There is no loss.

That is, even when the layers of the microfibers are stacked in parallel in the same direction and stretched to the left gradually, the fibers in the straight direction such as the round hole and the fibers bent inward along the two arcs are overlapped with each other and forced to be pressed firmly into compression. When it is stretched to a certain extent, it cannot withstand the pressure applied from the inside to the outside, so that the upper part of the fiber layer is broken down, and then the lower part of the fiber is also pulled together and fallen apart. Microfibers, which are inserted from the upper edge to the lower edge of the hole that are not discharged and fall down, are rubbed back to the brush or the like in the opposite direction so that they fall back out without resistance. It doesn't happen at all.

Also, in rare cases, the fine pieces that are cut into the short diameter width of the mesh hole are hung on the left and right sides with a brush, so the fine pieces themselves rotate and return to the hole or fall out. No holes are left behind, such as a mesh.

Therefore, according to the suitable draining hole of the present invention, there is no blockage of holes such as meshes, and thus there is no influence on the dehydration effect, and the cleaning is simply completed, and no residue is left in the casing, and thus, the occurrence of odor Not very hygienic.

Next, the pressure-resistant plate 24 in the present invention is crushed and pressed by the first extrusion screw 6, and the cutter 10, the porous plate 9, by the pressure of the processed product sequentially extruded. In addition to the role of preventing the second extrusion screw 21 from moving forward and detaching, the second extrusion screw 21 has a role of smoothly rotating the second extrusion screw 21 in cooperation with the adjusting bolt 27. Therefore, it is necessary to form the center hole 25 for supporting the rotating shaft 26 so as to maintain good match with the washer 28 provided in the adjusting bolt 27. The second extrusion screw 21 is fixed by fitting a spline formed at the distal end of the rotary shaft 26 to a spline groove formed at the distal end of the through hole, and the end face of the rotary shaft 26 and the inner pressure plate 24 are fixed to each other. Smooth rotation is maintained by sliding with the inner surface of the center hole 25.

A sliding member 22 made of a material having a low frictional resistance, such as a sheet metal, can be fixed to the end face side of the inner pressure plate side of the second extrusion screw 21, whereby the second extrusion screw ( The frictional force at the contact surface between the second extrusion screw end surface and the pressure-resistant plate 24 when the 21 is rotated can be alleviated, and the abrasion due to friction can be prevented to reduce the rotational resistance. In addition, the sliding member 22 can be provided with an insertion hole 23 of an ejecting jig for ejecting the second extrusion screw 21 as necessary.

By the way, when using this apparatus, it is preferable to incline and arrange | position so that it may become 13 degrees-18 degrees high with respect to a horizontal mounting base, ie, the direction to which a process material moves. If the inclination is less than 13 °, the water is discharged with the treatment without being sufficiently removed, and the desired dewatering cannot be carried out. If the inclination is larger than 18 °, sludge together with the dehydration drainage to the drainage side, especially in the sewer pipe, The outflow of harmful plant and animal oil increases, making it easy to be subject to drainage regulation.

When using the apparatus of the present invention, a conventional plastic waste processing apparatus can be processed as it is without removing the mixture of plastic molded products, wood chips, etc., which was difficult to grind, without prior operation, plastic bags, plastic lunch containers, In the case of processing raw waste containing disinfectant bottom, air cap, packing string, etc., it is very glass and it is simply processed by the device of the present invention in order to reduce the shredding dehydration for the waste which does not contain the raw waste. You can do it.

In addition, by combining the first casing with the second casing, the water separation and dehydration can be performed more strongly.

Claims (2)

It has an open end covered by a circular perforated plate formed with a bearing hole in the center, a closed end formed with a bearing hole in the center, and a waste inlet in the upper portion near the closed end. A cylindrical casing formed therein and having an outer diameter slightly smaller than the inner diameter of the cylindrical casing, rotatably supported by the bearing hole formed in the porous plate and the closed end, by contacting the tip thereof with the porous plate therein. In the waste crushing device configured to accommodate the extruded screw, the tip end portion of the extruded screw is formed in a trapezoidal cone shape in which the diameter gradually decreases toward the front, and the diameter of the trapezoidal cone is approximately equal to the diameter of the trapezoidal cone. From the cylindrical hole having a depth reaching the large diameter surface of the trapezoidal cone, and from the cylindrical hole Cutter-fitting grooves formed of a plurality of radial grooves having a rectangular plane and inclined side surfaces gradually increasing from the rear to the front toward the outside are engraved, and also have a planar shape suitable for this cutter-fitting groove. And a cutter having a thickness substantially equal to the depth of the cylindrical hole, the cutter having a leading end portion and a rear end portion formed of a cutting blade fitted into the cutter fitting groove. It has an open end covered by a circular perforated plate formed with a bearing hole in the center, a closed end formed with a bearing hole in the center, and a waste inlet in the upper portion near the closed end. The outermost diameter slightly smaller than the inner diameter of the cylindrical casing, which is engraved and formed to be rotatably supported by a bearing hole formed in the porous plate and the closed end, by contacting the porous plate with its front end in contact with the porous plate. The first processing part accommodating the extruded screw with a plurality of broken waste discharge grooves in the upper half of roughly formed, and the second half of the cylindrical casing formed a plurality of drainage holes in the lower half of the pressing frame In a continuous installation, a second extrusion screw coaxially rotating with the first extrusion screw is mounted in the first cylindrical casing. A waste crushing device comprising a second processing part in which a load in the axial direction of a rotation shaft of a second extrusion screw 21 is adjustable on an installed pressure plate, wherein the tip end portion of the first extrusion screw is directed forward. Formed into a trapezoidal cone shape that is gradually smaller in size, and has a cylindrical hole with a depth that reaches a plane of a large diameter of the trapezoidal cone, having a diameter almost equal to that of the trapezoidal cone, and the cylindrical hole. Cutter fitting grooves are formed by engraving a plurality of radial grooves having a rectangular plane and an inclined side which gradually increases in thickness from the rear to the outside from the upper hole to the outside. Planar shape suitable for the cutting edge and a thickness substantially equal to the depth of the cylindrical hole, the front end and the rear end are formed by cutting blade Waste crushing device, characterized in that the cutter is fitted in said cutter is fitted in alignment yonghom.