KR102659837B1 - Compost using oyster shell - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to compost consisting of oyster shell powder, red clay powder, herbal medicine residue powder, health juice residue powder, and fallen leaf waste powder. According to the present invention, since household, industrial, or environmental waste can be used as compost, it is possible to provide compost that is not only environmentally friendly, but can further improve plant growth by complementing oyster shells.

Description

Compost using oyster shell shell {COMPOST USING OYSTER SHELL}

The present invention relates to compost using household, industrial or environmental waste along with oyster shells.

Because oyster shells contain limestone, they are difficult to decompose naturally, and the influx of limestone into the sea causes bleaching, which dries out and kills seaweed. In addition to environmental pollution, the foul odor caused by decaying oyster shells and the introduction of insects are causing inconvenience to local residents.

Oyster shells have been landfilled near coastal areas because there is no suitable way to recycle them, but recently, due to the rapid increase in the amount of oyster shells generated, landfills have reached a saturation point, making it difficult to dispose of them anymore.

It is not that there have been no attempts to recycle oyster shells. As an example, compost has been manufactured using oyster shell powder, but since the components necessary for plant growth are not evenly contained in the oyster shell powder, the plant growth effect is not achieved as expected.

Therefore, there is a growing demand for compost that is environmentally friendly and can dramatically improve plant growth with oyster shells.

Therefore, the purpose of the present invention is to provide compost that is not only environmentally friendly by recycling household, industrial, or environmental waste, but can also improve plant growth by supplementing oyster shells.

The above-described object of the present invention can be achieved by compost consisting of oyster shell powder, red clay powder, herbal medicine residue powder, health juice residue powder, and fallen leaf waste powder.

According to this, since household, industrial, or environmental waste can be used as compost, it is possible to provide compost that is not only environmentally friendly, but can also improve plant growth by supplementing oyster shells.

It consists of 60 to 80 parts by weight of the oyster shell powder, 10 to 15 parts by weight of the red clay powder, 4 to 8 parts by weight of the herbal medicine residue powder, 4 to 8 parts by weight of the health stock solution residue powder, and 2 to 6 parts by weight of the leaf litter powder.

According to this, compost that is more effective in plant growth can be provided.

The oyster shell powder, the red clay powder, the herbal medicine residue powder, the health stock solution residue powder, and the leaf litter powder are heated and mixed to produce a plurality of solid bodies having a pellet shape, and the solid bodies use the heat in the mixing process. It is dried.

According to this, heat energy can be shared between the heating mixing process and the drying process, thereby improving efficiency in compost production.

The solid body has a hardness greater than a first threshold value or a moisture content less than a second threshold value, which corresponds to a delay in the decomposition rate of the components of the oyster shell powder.

According to this, compost with good efficacy can be provided.

According to the present invention, since household, industrial, or environmental waste can be used as compost, it is possible to provide compost that is not only environmentally friendly, but can further improve plant growth by complementing oyster shells.

Figure 1 shows the composition of compost according to one embodiment of the present invention.
Figure 2 shows the effect of the compost of Figure 1 on plant growth.
Figure 3 shows an example of the process by which the compost of Figure 1 is produced.
Figure 4 shows a specific example of the compost manufacturing process of Figure 3.
Figure 5 shows the decomposition rate according to the manufacturing characteristics of the compost of Figure 1.

Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. This is intended to provide a detailed description so that a person skilled in the art can easily carry out the invention, and as such, the technical idea and scope of the present invention are not limited. .

Figure 1 shows the composition of compost according to one embodiment of the present invention.

As shown in FIG. 1, compost 30 according to this embodiment is manufactured by using waste 10 in its natural state or powdering it. Waste 10 is household, industrial, or environmental waste and includes oyster shells 11, red clay lumps 12, herbal medicine residues 13, health extract residues 14, and leaf litter 15.

Oyster shells 11 are those in which edible oysters are separated from raw oysters in the normal oyster farming industry and remain as non-edible parts, and may be collected regardless of their type. The main ingredient of the oyster shell 11 is calcium carbonate, and it contains various ingredients such as magnesium and aluminum that are helpful for plant growth.

The loess mass (12) is a mass of light yellow sediment loosely cemented together by calcium carbonate, and contains numerous minerals such as silica, alumina, iron, magnesium, and sodium. In addition, it contains hundreds of millions of microorganisms of more than 45 species, which cause complex circulation, detoxification, absorption, and self-purification, and not only have excellent antibacterial, insect repellent, and deodorizing effects, but also purify and plant growth functions. to provide.

Herbal medicine residues (13) are used in oriental medicine clinics to treat ginseng, galgeun, licorice, ganghwal, gaeja, gyeolmyeongja, gyeji, sophora, wolfberry, gilgyeong, nabokja, deer antler, angelica root, daejeon, eucalyptus, maekmundong, banha, bangi, musk, sand ginseng, cornelian cherry, It contains the residue left after ironing various herbal medicines such as acid herb.

The health juice residue (14) includes the residue left after extracting various health ingredients such as pear, apple, grape, carrot, aronia, pomegranate, bellflower root, garlic, onion, mugwort, and arrowroot at health centers, juice centers, etc. Herbal medicine residue (13) may refer to residue from boiled herbal medicine, but health solution residue (14) may refer to residue from unboiled health ingredients.

Leaf litter (15) includes fallen leaves and twigs that have fallen from street trees planted on roads, sidewalks, etc. Fallen leaf waste 15 includes fallen fruits caused by disasters, fruits and stems remaining after crop harvest, and may also include sawdust discharged from furniture factories, etc.

The above-mentioned herbal medicine residues (13), health juice residues (14), and leaf litter (15) contain various nutrients necessary for plant growth.

According to various embodiments, the waste 10 may also include food waste (16 in FIG. 4) and livestock waste (17 in FIG. 4). Food waste 16 includes not only waste such as meat, vegetables, fruits, and fish and shellfish generated in daily life, but also rice bran discharged from rice milling plants. Livestock waste (17) includes not only livestock waste discharged from livestock farms, but also human waste and by-products from slaughterhouses and slaughterhouses. Livestock manure 17 may be prepared in the form of liquid, semi-solid, colloid, etc.

In the compost 30 according to this embodiment, the waste 10 is prepared in the form of waste powder 20.

The waste powder (20) is obtained by pulverizing oyster shells (11), loess lumps (12), herbal medicine residues (13), health juice residues (14), and leaf litter (15) into oyster shell powders (21) and red clay powders, respectively. (22), herbal medicine residue powder (23), health stock solution residue powder (24), and leaf waste powder (25).

The waste powder 20 may have an average particle diameter of 0.6 to 1.7 mm. With such an average particle diameter, the ease of manufacturing or forming the solid compost 30 can be improved. Additionally, because it helps with decomposability, it can be easily absorbed into the soil. If the average particle diameter is smaller than 0.6 mm or larger than 1.7 mm, the powder is too fine or too large, so it is not easy to manufacture it into a solid form and it is not easily decomposed, which may interfere with plant growth.

According to various embodiments, at least one of oyster shell powder (21), red clay powder (22), herbal medicine residue powder (23), health juice residue powder (24), or leaf litter powder (25) can be obtained as a ready-made product. In this case, powdering at least one of the oyster shell (11), the loess lump (12), the herbal medicine residue (13), the health stock solution residue (14), or the leaf litter (15) may be omitted.

Compost 30 according to this embodiment is manufactured by mixing waste powders 20 with each other.

As an example, the oyster shell powder 21 of the compost 30 is 60 to 80 parts by weight, the red clay powder 22 is 10 to 15 parts by weight, the herbal medicine residue powder 23 is 4 to 8 parts by weight, and the health solution residue. The powder 24 consists of 4 to 8 parts by weight and the leaf waste powder 25 consists of 2 to 6 parts by weight.

If the amount of red clay powder (22) is less than 10 parts by weight relative to 60 to 80 parts by weight of oyster shell powder (21), the antibacterial, insect repellent, and deodorizing effects may be reduced, and the purification function and plant growth function may be lost. On the other hand, if the red clay powder 22 is greater than 15 parts by weight, the drainage of the soil may be reduced due to the red clay powder 22.

If the amount of herbal medicine residue powder (23) and health solution residue powder (24) is less than 4 parts by weight, or the leaf waste powder (25) is less than 2 parts by weight, relative to 60 to 80 parts by weight of oyster shell powder (21), plant growth Function may decrease significantly. On the other hand, if the herbal medicine residue powder 23 or the health stock solution residue powder 24 is greater than 8 parts by weight, or the leaf waste powder 25 is greater than 6 parts by weight, the drainage of the soil may be reduced.

Compost 30 according to this embodiment is manufactured into solid bodies of various shapes by processing waste powder 20.

As an example, the compost 30 may be prepared as a powder-shaped solid body 31, a ring-shaped solid body 32, a rice cake-shaped solid body 33, a pellet-shaped solid body 34, etc. The compost 30 may be manufactured to consist of only one shape, or may be manufactured to be a mixture of at least two or more shapes.

In this way, according to the present embodiment, waste 10 such as red clay 12 along with oyster shell 11 can be used as compost 30, so that not only is it environmentally friendly through recycling of waste 10, Since components not contained in the oyster shell 11 can be supplemented, plant growth can be further improved.

Figure 2 shows the effect of the compost of Figure 1 on plant growth.

The first compost shown in Table 1 (41) of FIG. 2 refers to the compost 30 of this embodiment described with reference to FIG. 1. That is, the first compost contains oyster shell powder (21), red clay powder (22), herbal medicine residue powder (23), health juice residue powder (24), and leaf waste powder (25). In contrast, the second compost lacks oyster shell powder (21) compared to the first compost, the third compost lacks red clay powder (22), the fourth compost lacks herbal medicine residue powder (23), and the fifth compost lacks red clay powder (22). lacks the health stock solution residue powder (24), and the sixth compost lacks the leaf waste powder (25).

Crops such as lettuce, green onions, potatoes, and pumpkins were grown using the first to sixth composts as shown in Table 1 (41), respectively. For the cultivation method using each compost, compost was applied at an appropriate number and amount according to the typical cultivation method for each crop. In addition, the proportion of crops that are expected to be marketable, for example, for which the degree of plant growth can be known at harvest time, was calculated as a percentage of the total harvest and shown in Table 2 (42) of FIG. 2.

According to Table 2 (42), it can be seen that in all crops, when the first compost was applied, plant growth was superior to when the second to sixth composts were applied. For example, when the first compost was applied, the salable yield to yield ratio reached 93% for lettuce, 91% for green onions, 97% for potatoes, and 89% for pumpkins, while when the sixth compost was applied, the yield to marketable ratio reached 84% for lettuce and 86% for green onions. , only 74% potatoes and 80% pumpkins.

In this way, according to this embodiment, the red clay powder (22), herbal medicine residue powder (23), health juice residue powder (24), and leaf litter powder (25) complement the ingredients not contained in the oyster shell powder (21). , it is possible to provide compost 30 that can further improve plant growth.

Figure 3 shows an example of the process by which the compost of Figure 1 is produced.

As shown in FIG. 3, the compost 30 of FIG. 1 is manufactured through a heating mixing process, a solid body manufacturing process, and a solid body drying process.

More specifically, the waste powder (20) containing oyster shell powder (21), red clay powder (22), herbal medicine residue powder (23), health juice residue powder (24), and leaf litter powder (25) is heated and mixed ( S31). As an example, the waste powder 20 may be mixed in a heating environment of 100 degrees Celsius.

The waste powder 20 is manufactured into compost 30 having a plurality of solids (S32). Depending on the design method, the heated and mixed mixture can be dried and then manufactured into a solid body, thereby making it possible to produce the solid body more smoothly. Compost 30 may be manufactured as a solid body 34 such as a pellet, as described with reference to FIG. 1 .

A plurality of solid bodies are dried using heat in a heating mixing process (S33). For example, if the heating mixing process is performed in a heating environment of 100 degrees Celsius, the plurality of solids may be dried using heat of 100 degrees Celsius or the residual heat thereof.

As such, according to this embodiment, heat energy can be shared between the heating mixing process and the drying process, thereby improving efficiency in manufacturing the compost 30.

Figure 4 shows a specific example of the compost manufacturing process of Figure 3.

As shown in Figure 4, the oyster shell 11 and the loess lump 12 undergo a collection process (S41), a washing process (S42), a primary heating process (S43), and a powdering process (S44). This process may be referred to as pretreatment.

According to the collection process (S41), oyster shells (11) classified as non-edible parts can be collected from oyster farming factories, etc., or loess lumps (12) widely distributed in forests and coasts across the country can be collected. The red clay lump (12) can also be used imported from the Yellow River coast of China. Oyster shells 11 and loess lumps 12 can be obtained through various collection methods in addition to the methods described above.

The cleaning process (S42) includes cleaning with compressed air as well as cleaning with a cleaning solution. However, since the red clay lump 12 has a high risk of being lost by washing with a washing liquid, washing with a washing liquid can be excluded. Impurities adhering to the surface or inherent in the surface may be removed through the cleaning process (S42).

The first heating process (S43) includes a typical moisture removal process and an activation process for property conversion. The activation process is a process that induces a property conversion of the oyster shell 11, for example, to calcium oxide, through high temperature treatment. High temperature treatment is preferably performed at a temperature higher than 300 degrees Celsius.

Through the powdering process (S44), oyster shell powder 21 and red clay powder 22 corresponding to the oyster shell 11 and the red clay lump 12, respectively, are prepared.

The oyster shell powder (21) and red clay powder (22) prepared through the above pretreatment undergo a mixing process (S45). In the mixing process (S45), the vegetable additives are stirred together. Vegetable additives refer to a mixture of herbal medicine residue powder (23), health juice residue powder (24), and fallen leaf waste powder (25).

Herbal medicine residue powder (23), health solution residue powder (24), and fallen leaf waste powder (25) may be prepared through preprocessing of herbal medicine residue (13), health solution residue (14), and leaf waste (15). . Pre-treatment of herbal medicine residues (13), health juice residues (14), and leaf litter (15) includes a collection process (S51), a washing process (S52), a primary heating process (S53), and a powdering process (S54). Includes, each corresponding to the previously described collection process (S41), washing process (S42), primary heating process (S43), and powdering process (S44).

For example, through the collection process (S51), herbal medicine waste 13 and health juice waste 14 can be collected from oriental medicine clinics, herbalists, health centers, juice centers, etc. in various places, and leaf waste 15 can be collected from city halls, district offices, etc. It can be obtained from bags of fallen leaves collected through street tree maintenance projects at community centers. Herbal medicine residues (13), health juice residues (14), and leaf litter (15) can be obtained through various collection methods in addition to the above methods.

Herbal medicine residue powder (23), health juice residue powder (24), and fallen leaf waste powder (25) prepared after pretreatment are stirred and mixed with each other through the vegetable additive manufacturing process (S55), and oyster shell powder through the mixing process (S45). It is added to (21) and red clay powder (22) and stirred together.

The oyster shell powder (21) stirred through the mixing process (S45) undergoes a secondary heating process (S46). The secondary heating process (S46) includes high temperature treatment to improve the ease of stirring, and may be performed simultaneously with the mixing process (S45). High temperature processing may vary depending on design method, but processing at temperatures lower than 100 degrees Celsius is also desirable.

After the secondary heating process (S46), the fermentation process (S47) may proceed. The fermentation process (S47) may take several hours to several days.

Oyster shell powder 21, etc., which has undergone a fermentation process, can be prepared as compost 30 having solid bodies of various shapes through a solidification process (S48). The solidification process (S48) can be carried out in various ways, such as molding, injection, compression, and cutting.

According to various embodiments, food waste 16 and livestock waste 17 may also be pretreated and then added to the oyster shell powder 21 and red clay powder 22 and stirred together. However, the pretreatment process for food waste 16 and livestock waste 17 may further include a deodorization process to remove bad odors from them.

Figure 5 shows the decomposition rate according to the manufacturing characteristics of the compost of Figure 1.

When the compost 30 is sprinkled on the soil surrounding the plant 50, if the components contained in the compost 30 decompose within a short period of time, plant growth may be inhibited. For example, if oyster shell components such as calcium oxide contained in the oyster shell powder 21 are rapidly decomposed, the acidity of the soil may suddenly change, which may have a negative effect on plant growth. In relation to the above problem, the following describes a method of delaying the decomposition speed using the oyster shell angle as an example. However, for convenience of explanation, it is assumed that the compost 30 is manufactured as a pellet-type solid body 34.

According to various embodiments, the hardness of the pellet-shaped solid body 34 can be manufactured to be greater than or equal to the first threshold value, thereby delaying the decomposition rate of the oyster shell component. If manufactured harder, corrosion resistance may be enhanced and the decomposition rate may be delayed. The first threshold may be selected within the range of 70 to 120 kg/cm ² , but is preferably 70 kg/cm ² . However, if the hardness is greater than 120 kg/cm ² , the decomposition rate is significantly reduced, and the effect on plant growth may be minimal.

According to various embodiments, the pellet-shaped solid body 34 may be manufactured so that the moisture content is less than the second threshold value, thereby delaying the decomposition rate of the oyster shell component. Considering that if the moisture content is excessive, corrosion resistance is reduced, if it is manufactured with an appropriate moisture content, the decomposition rate may be delayed. The second threshold may be selected within 40-60%, but is preferably 40%. However, if the moisture content is lower than 40%, it may be difficult to maintain the shape.

Therefore, according to this embodiment, by varying the manufacturing characteristics of the plurality of pellet-shaped solid bodies 34, such as hardness and moisture content, the decomposition rate of the oyster shell components can be delayed, thereby preventing side effects caused by sudden nutritional supply. It is possible to block the compost and provide compost (30) with good efficacy.

According to one embodiment, the decomposition rate may be controlled through coating on the pellet-shaped solid body 34. The coating agent may be of plant origin, such as extracts from the copaiba tree, carnauba palm tree, Brazil nut tree, etc. For example, among 100 pellet-shaped solids 34, 50 are manufactured so that the coating thickness is within a predetermined threshold, and the remaining 50 are manufactured so that the coating thickness is above a predetermined threshold, so that the decomposition rate can be controlled. .

Although the present invention has been described in detail through preferred embodiments, the present invention is not limited thereto and may be implemented in various ways within the scope of the patent claims.

10: Waste
11: Oyster shell
12: Loess lump
13: Herbal medicine residue
14: Health juice residue
15: Leaf litter
16: Food waste
17: Livestock manure
20: Waste powder
21: Oyster shell powder
22: Red clay powder
23: Herbal medicine residue powder
24: Health juice residue powder
25: Leaf litter powder
30: Compost
31: Powdered solid
32: Annular solid body
33: Rice cake-shaped solid
34: Pellet-shaped solid body
50: plants

Claims (5)

In the method of producing compost,
Mixing oyster shell powder, red clay powder, herbal medicine residue powder, health juice residue powder, and fallen leaf waste powder by applying heat to a predetermined temperature;
Preparing a solid using the mixed oyster shell powder, red clay powder, herbal medicine residue powder, health juice residue powder, and leaf litter powder; and
It includes drying the manufactured solid body using residual heat of the applied heat,
In the step of mixing by applying heat, 60 to 80 parts by weight of the oyster shell powder, 10 to 15 parts by weight of the red clay powder, 4 to 8 parts by weight of the herbal medicine residue powder, 4 to 8 parts by weight of the health stock solution residue powder, and the fallen leaves It includes the step of mixing waste powder at a ratio of 2 to 6 parts by weight,
The step of mixing at the above ratio is,
Performing a first heating process of heating the oyster shell shell to a first temperature so that the properties are converted to calcium oxide, and powdering the converted oyster shell shell and red clay lump to obtain the oyster shell powder and red clay powder;
Performing a second heating process of mixing the obtained oyster shell powder and red clay powder with the herbal medicine residue powder, health stock solution residue powder, and leaf litter powder at a second temperature lower than the first temperature; and
It includes the step of fermenting the oyster shell powder, red clay powder, herbal medicine residue powder, health juice residue powder, and leaf litter powder on which the second heating process was performed,
The step of manufacturing the solid body has a hardness of 70 kg/cm ² and a moisture content of 40% using the fermented oyster shell powder, red clay powder, herbal medicine residue powder, health juice residue powder, and leaf litter powder, and is prepared by Coaiba. preparing the solid body by coating it with a coating comprising an extract from at least one of a tree, a carnauba palm tree, or a Brazil nut tree, such that the rate of decomposition of the components of the oyster shell is retarded,
The step of manufacturing the solid body so that the decomposition rate is delayed includes manufacturing a plurality of the solid bodies in which the delayed decomposition rate is controlled by varying the thickness of the coating agent. delete delete delete delete

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