KR102634450B1 - Solid hydrogen storage apparatus - Google Patents

Abstract

A storage container that stores hydrogen inside; A hydrogen storage body contained within the storage container and containing solid powder for hydrogen storage; A plurality of heat exchange media contained within the storage vessel and arranged to penetrate the hydrogen storage body; and a heat exchange fin extending in a direction parallel to the heat exchange medium to penetrate the hydrogen storage medium while being in contact with some of the plurality of heat exchange media on the side. A solid hydrogen storage device including a heat exchanger is introduced.

Description

Solid hydrogen storage device {SOLID HYDROGEN STORAGE APPARATUS}

The present invention relates to a solid hydrogen storage device, and to a device that stores hydrogen using metal hydride contained inside a container.

Generally, metal hydride-based solid hydrogen storage systems are used to improve storage density relative to volume. In order to release hydrogen from these metal hydrides, a continuous supply of heat is required.

In particular, since most high-capacity metal hydride materials operate at high temperatures of 100°C or higher, methods of heating metal hydrides using thermal fluid or electric power have been proposed.

Figure 1 shows the interior of a solid hydrogen storage container according to the prior art.

Referring to FIG. 1, a solid hydrogen storage container according to the prior art is formed with a heating tube 10 and a cooling tube 20 extending in the longitudinal direction of the container to heat or cool the metal hydride inside, and the metal water storage container is formed. A plurality of heat exchange fins 30 are formed between the extinguished products to extend in a plane perpendicular to the extension direction of the heating tube 10 and the cooling tube 20. Metal hydride (not shown), which synthesizes hydrogen or decomposes hydrogen through reaction, is disposed between the plurality of heat exchange fins 30.

However, according to the prior art, the flow of hydrogen in the longitudinal direction of the solid hydrogen storage container is hindered by the plurality of heat exchange fins 30, and a large number of heat exchange fins 30 are required for uniform heat exchange, so the solid hydrogen storage container There was a problem with the weight increasing.

In addition, due to component manufacturing tolerances, the contact between the heating tube 10 and the heat exchange fin 30 is not complete, resulting in a problem that loss may occur in heat transfer from the heating tube 10 to the heat exchange fin 30.

The matters described as background technology above are only for the purpose of improving understanding of the background of the present invention, and should not be taken as acknowledgment that they correspond to prior art already known to those skilled in the art.

KR 10-2017-0097386 A

The present invention was proposed to solve this problem, and aims to provide a solid hydrogen storage device that is lightweight and has a simple manufacturing process by reducing the weight of the heat exchange fin.

A solid hydrogen storage device according to the present invention for achieving the above object includes a storage container storing hydrogen therein; A hydrogen storage body contained within the storage container and containing solid powder for hydrogen storage; A plurality of heat exchange media contained within the storage vessel and arranged to penetrate the hydrogen storage body; and a heat exchange fin extending in a direction parallel to the heat exchange medium to penetrate the hydrogen storage body while being in contact with a portion of the plurality of heat exchange media on the side.

The storage container has a hydrogen inlet formed at one end and the other side extends in a direction away from the hydrogen inlet, and the heat exchange medium and heat exchange fins may be formed in a direction parallel to the extended direction of the storage container.

Solid powder for hydrogen storage in a hydrogen storage medium can release hydrogen as it absorbs heat energy.

The hydrogen storage medium may contain a transition metal or rare earth catalyst that improves the reaction rate of solid powder for hydrogen storage.

The hydrogen storage body can be manufactured by compressing powder containing solid powder for hydrogen storage and injecting it into a mold containing the cross section of the heat exchange medium or the cross section of the heat exchange fin.

The hydrogen storage body may be manufactured in plural pieces and stacked along the extension direction of the storage container.

The storage container has a cylindrical shape extending in a direction parallel to the direction of extension of the heat exchange medium, and the heat exchange fins are provided in plural pieces, and have a shape extending in the radial direction of the storage container and can be arranged to divide the cross section of the storage container at regular angular intervals. there is.

The heat exchange media are arranged to contact both sides of the heat exchange fins, but the heat exchange media disposed on both sides of the heat exchange fins may be arranged to be spaced apart from each other in the radial direction of the storage container.

The heat exchange medium may include a heating tube disposed in contact with both sides of the heat exchange fin, and a cooling tube disposed at a position spaced apart from the heat exchange fin in the circumferential direction.

According to the solid hydrogen storage device of the present invention, sufficient heat exchange efficiency can be achieved even if the heat exchange fins have a relatively smaller area than those disposed perpendicular to the heat exchange medium, which has the effect of reducing the weight of the solid hydrogen storage device.

In addition, the effect of blocking the flow of hydrogen through the hydrogen storage body by the heat exchange fin is reduced, allowing hydrogen to freely flow in the direction through the hydrogen storage body.

Figure 1 shows the interior of a solid hydrogen storage container according to the prior art.
Figure 2 shows an external perspective view of a solid hydrogen storage device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Figure 3 shows an internal perspective view of a hydrogen storage body according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Figure 4 shows an internal cross-sectional view of a hydrogen storage body according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Figure 5 shows a mold for a hydrogen storage body according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Figure 6 shows a heat exchange fin and a heat exchange medium according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Specific structural and functional descriptions of the embodiments of the present invention disclosed in the present specification or application are merely illustrative for the purpose of explaining the embodiments according to the present invention, and the embodiments according to the present invention may be implemented in various forms. and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments described in this specification or application.

Since the embodiments according to the present invention can make various changes and have various forms, specific embodiments will be illustrated in the drawings and described in detail in the specification or application. However, this is not intended to limit the embodiments according to the concept of the present invention to a specific disclosed form, and should be understood to include all changes, equivalents, and substitutes included in the spirit and technical scope of the present invention.

Terms such as first and/or second may be used to describe various components, but the components should not be limited by the terms. The above terms are used only for the purpose of distinguishing one component from another component, for example, without departing from the scope of rights according to the concept of the present invention, a first component may be named a second component, and similarly The second component may also be referred to as the first component.

When a component is said to be "connected" or "connected" to another component, it is understood that it may be directly connected to or connected to the other component, but that other components may exist in between. It should be. On the other hand, when it is mentioned that a component is “directly connected” or “directly connected” to another component, it should be understood that there are no other components in between. Other expressions that describe the relationship between components, such as "between" and "immediately between" or "neighboring" and "directly adjacent to" should be interpreted similarly.

The terms used in this specification are merely used to describe specific embodiments and are not intended to limit the present invention. Singular expressions include plural expressions unless the context clearly dictates otherwise. In this specification, terms such as “include” or “have” are intended to indicate the existence of a described feature, number, step, operation, component, part, or combination thereof, but are not intended to indicate the presence of one or more other features or numbers. It should be understood that this does not preclude the existence or addition of steps, operations, components, parts, or combinations thereof.

Unless otherwise defined, all terms used herein, including technical or scientific terms, have the same meaning as commonly understood by a person of ordinary skill in the technical field to which the present invention pertains. Terms defined in commonly used dictionaries should be interpreted as having a meaning consistent with the meaning in the context of the related technology, and unless clearly defined in this specification, should not be interpreted as having an ideal or excessively formal meaning. .

Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail by explaining preferred embodiments of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings. The same reference numerals in each drawing indicate the same member.

Figure 2 shows an external perspective view of a solid hydrogen storage device according to an embodiment of the present invention, Figure 3 shows an internal perspective view of a hydrogen storage body 200 according to an embodiment of the present invention, and Figure 4 shows an internal cross-sectional view of the hydrogen storage body 200 according to an embodiment of the present invention.

2 to 4, a solid hydrogen storage device according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a storage container 100 that stores hydrogen therein; A hydrogen storage body (200) contained within the storage container (100) and containing solid powder for hydrogen storage; A plurality of heat exchange media (300) included in the storage container (100) and disposed to penetrate the hydrogen storage body (200); and a heat exchange fin 400 extending in a direction parallel to the heat exchange medium 300 so as to penetrate the hydrogen storage body 200 while being in contact with a portion of the plurality of heat exchange media 300 on the side.

The storage container 100 may be made of a material that does not leak the hydrogen stored therein despite a high temperature and high pressure environment. It can be made of a material that has excellent heat resistance and pressure resistance as well as corrosion resistance.

The interior of the storage container 100 includes a hydrogen storage body 200 containing solid powder for hydrogen storage. The solid powder for hydrogen storage contained within the hydrogen storage body 200 may contain and then release hydrogen through a reaction.

The heat exchange medium 300 is included inside the storage container 100, and a plurality of heat exchange media 300 are installed so that the side surfaces are in contact with the hydrogen storage body 200 to control the temperature of the hydrogen storage body 200. It may be arranged to penetrate (200). The heat exchange medium 300 may be made of SUS material with excellent heat resistance and corrosion resistance.

The heat exchange fin 400 is in contact with a portion of the plurality of heat exchange media 300 and extends in a direction parallel to the heat exchange medium 300 to exchange heat with the heat exchange medium 300 and penetrate the hydrogen storage body 200. Heat can be exchanged by contacting the hydrogen storage body 200. That is, the heat exchange fin 400 is in contact with the heat exchange medium 300 and extends parallel to the heat exchange medium 300 to activate heat exchange between the heat exchange medium 300 and the hydrogen storage medium 200. (200) can be contacted.

Accordingly, even if the heat exchange fins 400 have a relatively smaller area than those disposed perpendicularly to the heat exchange medium 300, sufficient heat exchange efficiency can be achieved, which has the effect of reducing the weight of the solid hydrogen storage device. In addition, the effect of blocking the flow of hydrogen through the inside of the hydrogen storage body 200 by the heat exchange fin 400 is reduced, so that hydrogen can freely flow in the direction through the hydrogen storage body 200.

The storage container 100 has a hydrogen entrance 110 formed at one end, and the other side extends in a direction away from the hydrogen entrance 110. The heat exchange medium 300 and the heat exchange fin 400 are formed in the storage vessel 100. ) can be formed in a direction parallel to the extended direction.

That is, the storage container 100 is shaped like a pillar with a hydrogen entrance 110 formed at one end and extending to the other side, and hydrogen flows into the storage container 100 through the hydrogen entrance 110 formed at one end. Hydrogen may be discharged from the inside of the storage container 100 to the outside.

The heat exchange medium 300 and the heat exchange fins 400 may be formed to extend in a direction parallel to the direction in which the storage container 100 extends. Accordingly, this has the effect of quickly heating or cooling the hydrogen reservoir 200 inside the storage container 100 by activating heat transfer in the direction in which the storage container 100 extends.

Solid powder for hydrogen storage may be a metal hydride that synthesizes hydrogen or decomposes hydrogen through reaction. Metal hydrides can synthesize hydrogen or release hydrogen under certain pressure and temperature conditions.

In particular, the solid powder for hydrogen storage of the hydrogen storage body 200 may emit hydrogen as it absorbs heat energy. That is, the solid powder for hydrogen storage releases hydrogen through an endothermic reaction, and the hydrogen storage body 200 can be heated to release hydrogen.

For example, solid powder for hydrogen storage reacts with hydrogen under conditions of high temperature and pressure. It is a Mg powder synthesized by or reacts with hydrogen to It may be NaAl synthesized using .

For example, the reaction equation is as follows.

Mg+ ↔ + 75 kJ/mol

in other words, If energy is applied to Mg + decomposes to release hydrogen, and when hydrogen is pressurized within a certain temperature range, Mg is converted back into Mg. It is a reversible reaction that stores hydrogen while being synthesized. In particular, it can be formed by maintaining hydrogen in a pressurized state for a long time in a high-temperature, high-pressure reactor. The high temperature and high pressure conditions of the reactor can be selected depending on the type of solid powder for hydrogen storage.

especially, The hydrogen storage density of silver is 7.8 [wt%], and the amount of hydrogen stored per unit mass is larger than that of other metal hydrides. Accordingly, solid powder for hydrogen storage When used, the amount of hydrogen stored relative to mass can have a large effect.

but, Since the temperature at which the reaction releasing hydrogen occurs is relatively high, the thermal efficiency and heat transfer of heating the solid powder for hydrogen storage are important.

Additionally, the hydrogen storage body 200 may include a transition metal or rare earth catalyst that improves the reaction rate of solid powder for hydrogen storage. The temperature at which the reaction releasing hydrogen occurs is high, and the rate of hydrogen release is slow.

To solve this problem, the hydrogen storage body 200 further includes a transition metal or rare earth catalyst to improve the reaction rate (kinetics) of the solid powder for hydrogen storage, or to improve the thermal conductivity inside the hydrogen storage body 200. For this purpose, carbon additives such as expanded natural graphite (ENG) or graphene may be included.

Figure 5 shows a mold 500 of a hydrogen storage body 200 according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Referring further to FIG. 5, the hydrogen storage body 200 is compressed in a state in which powder containing solid powder for hydrogen storage is injected into a mold 500 containing the cross section of the heat exchange medium 300 or the cross section of the heat exchange fin 400. It can be manufactured.

The hydrogen storage body 200 may be manufactured in a plate shape by pressing a mixture of solid powder for hydrogen storage and the above-described transition metal or rare earth catalyst injected into the mold 500.

In particular, the mold 500 includes the cross-sections 510 and 520 of the heat exchange medium 300 and the cross-section 530 of the heat exchange fin 400, so that the hydrogen storage body 200 includes the heat exchange medium 300 and the heat exchange fin 400. Corresponding through holes are formed, and thus the hydrogen storage body 200 can be easily coupled while penetrating the heat exchange medium 300 and the heat exchange fin 400.

The hydrogen storage body 200 may be manufactured in plural pieces and stacked along the extending direction of the storage container 100. That is, the heat exchange medium 300 and the heat exchange fin 400 extend through the hydrogen storage body 200, so that the hydrogen storage body 200 is extended to have the same cross section. Therefore, manufacturing a plurality of hydrogen storage bodies 200 and stacking them along the extending direction of the storage container 100 has the effect of improving manufacturability.

Figure 6 shows a heat exchange fin 400 and a heat exchange medium 300 according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Referring further to FIG. 6, the storage container 100 has a cylindrical shape extending in a direction parallel to the direction of extension of the heat exchange medium 300, and a plurality of heat exchange fins 400 are provided, and are provided in a radial direction of the storage container 100. It can be arranged to divide the cross section of the storage container 100 at regular angular intervals in an extended shape.

That is, the storage container 100 has a cylindrical shape extending in a direction penetrating the hydrogen storage body 200, and the heat exchange fin 400 extends in the radial direction from the center in the cross section of the storage container 100 having a circular shape. It may be a shape. In particular, the heat exchange fins 400 may be arranged to divide the cross section of the storage container 100 at regular angular intervals.

Accordingly, the heat exchange fin 400 can uniformly transfer the heat received from the heat exchange medium 300 to the hydrogen storage body 200. In addition, since the hydrogen storage body 200 has the same shape not only in the stacking direction but also in the circumferential direction of the storage container 100, it can be manufactured using the same mold 500, which has the effect of improving manufacturability.

In particular, the heat exchange medium 300 is arranged to contact each side of the heat exchange fin 400, and the heat exchange medium 300 disposed on both sides of the heat exchange fin 400 are spaced apart from each other in the radial direction of the storage container 100. can be placed.

That is, the hydrogen storage body 200 separated by the heat exchange fins 400 on both sides includes a heat exchange medium 300 disposed in contact with the side of each heat exchange fin 400. In addition, the heat exchange media 300 in contact with the side surfaces of each heat exchange fin 400 are spaced apart from each other in the radial direction of the storage container 100, which has the effect of uniformly transferring heat to the hydrogen storage body 200.

The heat exchange medium 300 may include a heating tube 310 arranged to be in contact with both sides of the heat exchange fin 400, and a cooling tube 320 arranged at a position spaced apart from the heat exchange fin 400 in the circumferential direction. You can.

The heat exchange medium 300 may separately include a heating tube 310 that heats the hydrogen storage body 200 through the heat exchange fin 400 and a cooling tube 320 that cools the hydrogen storage body 200. The hydrogen storage body 200 can be heated or cooled by flowing a fluid refrigerant inside the heating tube 310 and the cooling tube 320, respectively.

In order to release the hydrogen stored in the hydrogen storage body 200, heating is relatively more important than cooling, and the need for rapid release is high. That is, in order to release the required hydrogen, it is important to quickly heat the hydrogen storage body 200 to a high temperature condition, so the heating tube 310 can be arranged to be in contact with the heat exchange fin 400.

On the other hand, the cooling tube 320 is arranged in parallel with the heating tube 310, but may be formed to be spaced apart from the heat exchange fin 400 without contacting it. In addition, the cooling tube 320 has a relatively larger diameter than the heating tube 310, but the number of cooling tubes 320 penetrating the hydrogen storage body 200 may be relatively small.

Although the present invention has been shown and described in relation to specific embodiments, it is known in the art that the present invention can be modified and changed in various ways without departing from the technical spirit of the present invention as provided by the following claims. This will be self-evident to those with ordinary knowledge.

100: storage container 200: hydrogen storage body
300: heat exchange medium 400: heat exchange fin
500: Mold of hydrogen storage body

Claims (9)

A storage container that stores hydrogen inside;
A hydrogen storage body contained within the storage container and containing solid powder for hydrogen storage;
A plurality of heat exchange media contained within the storage vessel and arranged to penetrate the hydrogen storage body; and
It includes a heat exchange fin extending in a direction parallel to the heat exchange medium so as to penetrate the hydrogen storage body while being in contact with some of the plurality of heat exchange media on the side,
The heat exchange medium is a solid hydrogen storage device comprising a heating tube disposed in contact with both sides of the heat exchange fin and a cooling tube disposed at a position spaced apart from the heat exchange fin in the circumferential direction. In claim 1,
The storage container has a hydrogen entrance formed at one end, and the other side extends in a direction away from the hydrogen entrance,
A solid hydrogen storage device wherein the heat exchange medium and heat exchange fins are formed in a direction parallel to the extending direction of the storage container. In claim 1,
A solid hydrogen storage device characterized in that the solid powder for hydrogen storage releases hydrogen as it absorbs heat energy. In claim 3,
A solid hydrogen storage device characterized in that the hydrogen storage body contains a transition metal or rare earth catalyst that improves the reaction rate of solid powder for hydrogen storage. In claim 1,
The hydrogen storage body is a solid hydrogen storage device that is manufactured by compressing powder containing solid powder for hydrogen storage into a mold containing the cross section of the heat exchange medium or the cross section of the heat exchange fin. In claim 5,
A solid hydrogen storage device characterized in that the hydrogen storage body is manufactured in plural pieces and stacked along the extending direction of the storage container. In claim 1,
The storage container has a cylindrical shape extending in a direction parallel to the direction of extension of the heat exchange medium,
A solid hydrogen storage device characterized in that a plurality of heat exchange fins are provided and arranged to divide the cross section of the storage container at regular angular intervals in a shape extending in the radial direction of the storage container. In claim 7,
A solid hydrogen storage device characterized in that the heat exchange media is arranged to contact both sides of the heat exchange fin, and the heat exchange media disposed on both sides of the heat exchange fin are arranged to be spaced apart from each other in the radial direction of the storage container. delete

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