CN216054815U - Heat storage device for solid oxide fuel cell external heat management system - Google Patents
Heat storage device for solid oxide fuel cell external heat management system Download PDFInfo
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- CN216054815U CN216054815U CN202122697080.9U CN202122697080U CN216054815U CN 216054815 U CN216054815 U CN 216054815U CN 202122697080 U CN202122697080 U CN 202122697080U CN 216054815 U CN216054815 U CN 216054815U
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/14—Thermal energy storage
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a heat storage device for an external heat management system of a solid oxide fuel cell, which comprises a shell, wherein a high-temperature gas inlet/a low-temperature gas outlet is arranged on the side wall of one end of the shell, a high-temperature gas outlet/a low-temperature gas inlet is arranged on the side wall of the other end of the shell, a heat storage pipe is arranged in the shell, and a high-temperature phase-change material is filled in the heat storage pipe. According to the heat storage device, the phase change material is packaged in the heat storage pipe, a shell pass is formed between the heat storage pipe and the shell, a large heat exchange area is provided, and meanwhile, when the phase change material is subjected to phase change, the wrapping structure does not generate deformation and leakage of the material, the stability of the phase change material is maintained, the phase change material is not influenced by other high-temperature gases, and the phase change material is prevented from being polluted, so that heat storage and heat release of the device are ensured, the waste heat of high-temperature tail gas is effectively utilized, the heat exchange efficiency of a heat storage device is greatly improved, and the stable and efficient operation of the whole SOFCs system is ensured.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to the technical field of heat storage equipment, in particular to heat storage equipment for an external thermal management system of a solid oxide fuel cell.
Background
The fuel cell is a novel energy power generation conversion technology, has the obvious characteristics of cleanness and high efficiency, and is divided into the following five types: 1. proton exchange membrane fuel cells; 2. an alkaline fuel cell; 3. a molten carbonate fuel cell; 4. a phosphoric acid type fuel cell; 5. a solid oxide fuel cell.
Among them, Solid Oxide Fuel Cells (SOFCs) can directly convert chemical energy generated by electrochemical reaction into electric energy, the reaction temperature is usually over 600 ℃, SOFCs are not limited by carnot cycle, have extremely high energy utilization rate, do not need noble metal catalysts, and because of all solid-state structure, effectively solve the problems of electrolyte corrosion, leakage and the like, are generally used with thermoelectric systems, are mainly applied to household power supplies, vehicle power generation, fixed power stations and the like, and have attracted wide attention in recent years.
The heat storage device needs to be stable, can guarantee the conversion of heat storage, heat transfer, still can provide a large amount of high temperature heat energy rapidly simultaneously and give the pile to keep quick and stable reaction of whole SOFCs system, consequently how to realize the high-efficient stable heat-retaining of heat storage device of the outside thermal management system of SOFCs system, when guaranteeing pile steady operation, utilize the waste heat to practice thrift the cost, improve energy utilization, become the problem that the SOFCs system needs key research.
In view of this, the present application is specifically made.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
The utility model aims to provide a novel heat storage device for an external thermal management system of a solid oxide fuel cell, which is characterized in that a phase-change material is arranged in a heat storage device, the excellent characteristics of the phase-change material are utilized to realize the heat exchange process of the heat storage device, the heat exchange treatment can be carried out on high-temperature tail gas released by a galvanic pile, and the heat in the high-temperature tail gas is effectively stored so as to be circularly introduced into the galvanic pile, thereby improving the effective utilization rate of energy.
The utility model is realized by the following technical scheme:
the heat storage equipment for the external heat management system of the solid oxide fuel cell comprises a shell, a baffle plate and a phase-change material, wherein a high-temperature gas inlet/low-temperature gas outlet is formed in the side wall of one end of the shell, a high-temperature gas outlet/low-temperature gas inlet is formed in the side wall of the other end of the shell, a heat storage pipe is installed in the shell, and the phase-change material is filled in the heat storage pipe.
The phase-change material is a material which absorbs and releases heat through phase-change latent heat thereof in the phase-change process, and can not only store and release a large amount of latent heat, but also keep approximately constant temperature during phase-change. Phase change materials mainly include two broad classes of inorganic and organic phase change materials. The inorganic phase-change material mainly comprises crystalline hydrate, metal or alloy compounds, molten salt and the like, and the organic phase-change material mainly comprises long-chain alkanes, fatty acid (alcohol, ester) and the like, and generally comprises paraffin, tetradecane, hexadecane, tetradecanol, hexadecanol, polymethyl methacrylate, stearic acid and the like.
The phase-change material is selected for heat storage, so that high-temperature tail gas released by the electric pile can be subjected to efficient heat exchange treatment, heat in the high-temperature tail gas is effectively stored, the high-temperature tail gas is circularly introduced into the electric pile for effective utilization, heat exchange at different temperatures in the heat storage device can be realized, the constant temperature time is long, the start-up and shut-down requirements of the heat exchange device of the external heat management system of the SOFCs system can be met, the heat storage process is easier to control, and the stable operation of the electric pile can be maintained.
The phase change material is referred to in the application as a known phase change material, and the application does not relate to the improvement of the composition and preparation of the phase change material.
According to the heat storage device, the phase change material is packaged in the heat storage tube, the shell pass is formed between the heat storage tube and the shell, high-temperature tail gas enters from the high-temperature gas inlet/the low-temperature gas outlet and passes through the shell pass, the heat exchange area is large, and meanwhile, when the phase change material is subjected to phase change, the wrapping structure cannot generate deformation and leakage of the material, the high efficiency of the phase change material is kept, the influence of other high-temperature gas is avoided, the cleanness of the phase change material is maintained, and the high-efficiency heat exchange result in direct contact with the phase change material is achieved, so that the phase change material can exert the self characteristic to the maximum, the heat storage and heat release of the device are ensured, the waste heat of the tail gas is effectively stored and utilized, the heat exchange efficiency of the heat storage device is greatly improved, and the stable and high-efficiency operation of the whole SOFCs system is ensured.
The shell is internally provided with the baffle plate, so that the shell pass and the retention time of the high-temperature tail gas in the shell are increased, the heat exchange area of the phase-change material is increased, and the heat exchange efficiency is improved.
The heat storage pipe provided by the utility model has the following material selection standards: in the heat exchange process, the phase-change material cannot corrode the heat storage pipe, the heat storage pipe cannot influence the self characteristics of the phase-change material, and a person skilled in the art can select a proper existing material to prepare the heat storage pipe according to actual conditions.
The working principle of the utility model is as follows: when the heat storage device absorbs the waste heat of the high-temperature tail gas, the high-temperature tail gas enters through the high-temperature gas inlet/the low-temperature gas outlet of the heat storage device, the phase-change material absorbs a large amount of heat to store the heat, the large amount of waste heat of the high-temperature tail gas is temporarily stored in the heat storage device, and finally the low-temperature tail gas is discharged from the high-temperature gas outlet/the low-temperature gas inlet to be subjected to waste heat recovery and tail gas discharge treatment; when the SOFCs system is started to work, the phase-change material needs to emit a large amount of heat to the electric pile to maintain the stable operation of the electric pile, at the moment, safe heat-carrying gas is used as a heat exchange medium for heat exchange, normal-temperature heat-carrying gas enters a shell side of the heat storage device from a high-temperature gas outlet/a low-temperature gas inlet, the phase-change material is subjected to phase change to transfer a large amount of latent heat to the heat-carrying gas, the normal-temperature heat-carrying gas can return to the SOFCs system again from the high-temperature gas inlet/the low-temperature gas outlet after absorbing heat, so that the operation of the electric pile is maintained, meanwhile, the energy is effectively utilized, a large amount of heat and preheating time required when the electric pile is restarted are also saved, and the working efficiency of the whole heat storage device is improved.
The heat accumulation pipe has a plurality ofly, and a plurality of heat accumulation pipes are array evenly distributed in the casing, can increase heat exchange efficiency, and in order to further increase heat exchange efficiency, arranging of heat accumulation pipe is honeycomb structure, and the heat accumulation pipe body is straight tube type, V type or screw structure.
The end part of the heat storage pipe is arranged in the shell through a pipe plate.
The phase change material is an organic-inorganic composite phase change material, and has the advantages of low heat conductivity coefficient of the organic phase change material, constant phase change temperature of the inorganic phase change material, high energy storage density, high heat conductivity, low cost and the like.
The organic-inorganic composite phase change material adopts paraffin/metal-based nanoparticle phase change composite material, fatty acid/inorganic salt or molten salt phase change composite material, polyethylene glycol/carbon material or ceramic-based material phase change composite material.
The metal-based nano particles adopt Fe3O4、SiO2、Al2O3CuO, Cu, Ag or Ni; the inorganic salt adopts NaCl, KCl and ZnCl2Or MgCl2(ii) a The molten salt is K2CO3、Li2CO3、Na2CO3、LiNO3Or NaNO3(ii) a The carbon material is carbon black, carbon nano tubes, graphene or expanded graphite, and the ceramic-based phase change material is SiC foamed ceramic or SiC metal ceramic.
The organic-inorganic composite phase change material adopted in the utility model can be selected from the materials with a certain phase change temperature according to actual requirements, the listed organic-inorganic composite phase change materials are all the types of the existing known composite phase change materials, the application only lists the types which can be selected from the organic-inorganic composite phase change materials, and the improvement on the organic-inorganic composite phase change materials is not involved.
Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the following advantages and beneficial effects:
1. according to the heat storage device for the external heat management system of the solid oxide fuel cell, provided by the embodiment of the utility model, the phase change material is packaged in the pipeline, high-temperature tail gas is introduced from the shell side, so that the heat exchange area can be increased, and meanwhile, when the phase change material undergoes phase change, the packaging structure cannot deform and leak, so that the phase change material can exert the self characteristic to the maximum extent, a large amount of waste heat of an SOFCs (solid oxide fuel cell) system can be recycled, and the efficient and stable operation of a galvanic pile is maintained;
2. according to the heat storage device for the external heat management system of the solid oxide fuel cell, provided by the embodiment of the utility model, the organic-inorganic composite phase change material is used as a heat exchange packaging material, so that the heat storage device has the advantages of low heat conductivity coefficient of the organic phase change material, constant phase change temperature of the inorganic phase change material, high energy storage density, high heat conductivity, low cost and the like.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the exemplary embodiments of the present invention, the drawings that are required to be used in the embodiments will be briefly described below, it should be understood that the following drawings only illustrate some embodiments of the present invention and therefore should not be considered as limiting the scope, and that for those skilled in the art, other related drawings can be obtained from these drawings without inventive effort.
Fig. 1 is a sectional view of a straight tube type thermal storage device according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a left side view of a structure of a straight tube type heat storage device according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a sectional view of a spiral-type thermal storage device provided in an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a sectional view of a V-type thermal storage device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Reference numbers and corresponding part names in the drawings:
1-end enclosure, 2-shell, 3-high temperature gas inlet/low temperature gas outlet, 4-high temperature gas outlet/low temperature gas inlet, 5-phase change material, 6-baffle plate and 7-shell pass.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to examples and accompanying drawings, and the exemplary embodiments and descriptions thereof are only used for explaining the present invention and are not meant to limit the present invention.
In the following description, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the present invention. However, it will be apparent to one of ordinary skill in the art that: it is not necessary to employ these specific details to practice the present invention. In other instances, well-known structures, circuits, materials, or methods have not been described in detail so as not to obscure the present invention.
Throughout the specification, reference to "one embodiment," "an embodiment," "one example," or "an example" means: the particular features, structures, or characteristics described in connection with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment of the utility model. Thus, the appearances of the phrases "one embodiment," "an embodiment," "one example" or "an example" in various places throughout this specification are not necessarily all referring to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, or characteristics may be combined in any suitable combination and/or sub-combination in one or more embodiments or examples. Further, those of ordinary skill in the art will appreciate that the illustrations provided herein are for illustrative purposes and are not necessarily drawn to scale. As used herein, the term "and/or" includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.
In the description of the present invention, the terms "front", "rear", "left", "right", "upper", "lower", "vertical", "horizontal", "upper", "lower", "inner", "outer", etc. indicate orientations or positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience of description and simplicity of description, but do not indicate or imply that the device or element being referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed in a particular orientation, and be operated, and therefore, should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1, a heat storage device for an external thermal management system of a solid oxide fuel cell comprises a housing 2, a high-temperature gas inlet/low-temperature gas outlet 3 is arranged on one side wall of the housing, a high-temperature gas outlet/low-temperature gas inlet 4 is arranged on the other side wall of the housing, a heat storage pipe is arranged in the housing, and a phase change material 5 is filled in the heat storage pipe.
According to the heat storage equipment, the phase change material is packaged in the heat storage pipe, the shell pass 7 is formed between the heat storage pipe and the shell, high-temperature tail gas enters from the high-temperature gas inlet/low-temperature gas outlet and passes through the shell pass, the heat exchange area is large, and meanwhile, when the phase change material is subjected to phase change, the wrapping structure cannot generate deformation and leakage of the material, the stability of the phase change material structure is maintained, the phase change material cannot be influenced by other high-temperature gases, the pollution cleanness of the phase change material is avoided, the phase change material can be enabled to exert the maximum characteristics, the heat storage and heat release of the equipment are guaranteed, the waste heat of the tail gas is effectively stored and utilized, the heat exchange efficiency of a heat storage device is improved, and the stable and efficient operation of the whole SOFCs system is guaranteed.
The working principle of the embodiment is as follows: when the heat storage device absorbs the waste heat of the high-temperature tail gas, the high-temperature tail gas enters through the high-temperature gas inlet/the low-temperature gas outlet of the heat storage device, the phase-change material absorbs a large amount of heat to store the heat, the large amount of waste heat of the high-temperature tail gas is temporarily stored in the heat storage device, and finally the low-temperature tail gas is discharged from the high-temperature gas outlet/the low-temperature gas inlet to be subjected to waste heat recovery and tail gas discharge treatment; when the SOFCs system needs to use the waste heat of the tail gas when working, the phase-change material needs to emit a large amount of heat to the electric pile to maintain the stable operation of the electric pile, at the moment, safe heat-carrying gas is used as a heat exchange medium for heat exchange, normal-temperature heat-carrying gas enters a shell side of the heat storage device from a high-temperature gas outlet/a low-temperature gas inlet, the phase-change material generates phase change to transfer a large amount of latent heat to the heat-carrying gas, the normal-temperature heat-carrying gas can return to the SOFCs system again from the high-temperature gas inlet/the low-temperature gas outlet after absorbing heat, so that the operation of the electric pile is maintained, meanwhile, the energy utilization is effectively carried out, a large amount of heat and preheating time required when the electric pile is restarted are also saved, and the working efficiency of the whole heat storage device is improved.
Example 2
As shown in fig. 1, a thermal storage device for an external thermal management system of a solid oxide fuel cell according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a housing 2, a high temperature gas inlet/low temperature gas outlet 3 is disposed on a side wall of one end of the housing, a high temperature gas outlet/low temperature gas inlet 4 is disposed on a side wall of the other end of the housing, a thermal storage tube is installed in the housing, and a phase change material 5 is filled in the thermal storage tube. Two heat storage devices are connected through a high-temperature gas inlet/low-temperature gas outlet and a high-temperature gas outlet/low-temperature gas inlet to form a two-stage heat storage structure, the phase change temperature of a phase change material in one heat storage device is about 600 ℃, the phase change temperature of a phase change material in the other heat storage device is about 300 ℃, baffle plates 6 are further arranged in the two heat storage device shells, the end parts of the heat storage tubes are installed in the shell 2 through tube plates, and the two ends of the shell 2 are sealed through seal heads 1.
When the heat storage device absorbs the waste heat of the high-temperature tail gas, the high-temperature tail gas enters the primary heat storage structure, the phase change temperature of the phase change material 5 is about 600 ℃, the phase change material 5 absorbs a large amount of heat for heat storage, then the high-temperature tail gas absorbing a part of the heat enters the secondary heat storage structure, the phase change temperature of the phase change material 5 is about 300 ℃, the waste heat of the high-temperature tail gas is further absorbed and stored in the heat storage device, and finally the low-temperature tail gas is discharged; when the SOFCs system wants to use the stored waste heat during operation, the phase-change material 5 can release a large amount of heat to the pile to maintain the quick operation of the pile, concretely, the normal-temperature heat-carrying gas is introduced into the secondary heat storage structure, the phase-change material 5 is used for carrying out heat exchange at about 300 ℃, the normal-temperature heat-carrying gas absorbs heat and then is introduced into the primary heat storage structure, the phase-change material 5 is used for carrying out heat exchange at about 600 ℃, the phase-change material 5 is subjected to phase change to transfer a large amount of latent heat to the heat-carrying gas, the heat can be returned to the SOFCs system again to maintain the operation of the pile, meanwhile, the energy utilization is effectively carried out, a large amount of heat and preheating time required when the pile is restarted are also saved, and the working efficiency of the whole heat storage device is improved.
The baffle plate increases the shell pass and the retention time of the high-temperature tail gas in the shell, and increases the heat exchange area of the phase-change material.
As shown in fig. 2, the heat storage tubes are provided in a plurality, and the plurality of heat storage tubes are uniformly distributed in the shell in a 5 × 5 array, so that the heat exchange efficiency can be increased; in order to further increase the heat exchange efficiency, the arrangement of the heat storage pipes is in a honeycomb structure.
In another embodiment of the present invention, the heat storage pipe body itself has a spiral structure or a V-shaped structure, as shown in fig. 3 and 4.
The above-mentioned embodiments are intended to illustrate the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention in further detail, and it should be understood that the above-mentioned embodiments are merely exemplary embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements and the like made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. The heat storage equipment for the external heat management system of the solid oxide fuel cell is characterized by comprising a shell (2), wherein a high-temperature gas inlet/low-temperature gas outlet (3) is formed in the side wall of one end of the shell (2), a high-temperature gas outlet/low-temperature gas inlet (4) is formed in the side wall of the other end of the shell, a heat storage pipe is installed in the shell (2), and a high-temperature phase-change material (5) is filled in the heat storage pipe.
2. A thermal storage device for a solid oxide fuel cell external thermal management system according to claim 1, wherein baffles (6) are further provided within the housing (2).
3. A heat storage device for a solid oxide fuel cell external thermal management system according to claim 1, wherein the heat storage tube has a plurality of heat storage tubes evenly distributed in an array in the housing (2).
4. The thermal storage device for a solid oxide fuel cell external thermal management system of claim 1, wherein the thermal storage tubes are in a linear, spiral, or V-shaped configuration.
5. The thermal storage device for a solid oxide fuel cell external thermal management system of claim 1, wherein the phase change material is an organic-inorganic composite phase change material.
6. The thermal storage device for a solid oxide fuel cell external thermal management system of claim 1, wherein the ends of the thermal storage tubes are mounted in the housing by a tube sheet.
7. The thermal storage device for the external thermal management system of the solid oxide fuel cell according to claim 5, wherein the organic-inorganic composite phase change material is a paraffin/metal-based nanoparticle phase change composite material, a fatty acid/inorganic salt or molten salt phase change composite material, a polyethylene glycol/carbon material or a ceramic-based material phase change composite material.
8. The thermal storage device for a solid oxide fuel cell external thermal management system of claim 7, wherein the metal-based nanoparticles employ Fe3O4、SiO2、Al2O3CuO, Cu, Ag or Ni; the inorganic salt adopts NaCl, KCl and ZnCl2Or MgCl2(ii) a The molten salt is K2CO3、Li2CO3、Na2CO3、LiNO3Or NaNO3(ii) a The carbon material is carbon black, carbon nano tubes, graphene or expanded graphite, and the ceramic-based phase change material is SiC foamed ceramic or SiC metal ceramic.
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| CN202122697080.9U CN216054815U (en) | 2021-11-05 | 2021-11-05 | Heat storage device for solid oxide fuel cell external heat management system |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114383151A (en) * | 2022-03-22 | 2022-04-22 | 武汉氢能与燃料电池产业技术研究院有限公司 | Fuel cell combustion flue gas heat exchange device |
| CN114899462A (en) * | 2022-05-31 | 2022-08-12 | 成都岷山绿氢能源有限公司 | Solid oxide fuel cell |
-
2021
- 2021-11-05 CN CN202122697080.9U patent/CN216054815U/en active Active
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114383151A (en) * | 2022-03-22 | 2022-04-22 | 武汉氢能与燃料电池产业技术研究院有限公司 | Fuel cell combustion flue gas heat exchange device |
| CN114383151B (en) * | 2022-03-22 | 2022-07-12 | 武汉氢能与燃料电池产业技术研究院有限公司 | Fuel cell combustion flue gas heat exchange device |
| CN114899462A (en) * | 2022-05-31 | 2022-08-12 | 成都岷山绿氢能源有限公司 | Solid oxide fuel cell |
| CN114899462B (en) * | 2022-05-31 | 2024-03-26 | 成都岷山绿氢能源有限公司 | Solid oxide fuel cell |
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