KR102608762B1 - Liquid crystal display device and manufacturing method thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

In the present invention, a color filter including a light emitter is located on the upper side of the upper polarizer, and a liquid crystal layer is located in a micro space layer including a liquid crystal inlet to have a wide viewing angle or to prevent display characteristics from being deteriorated due to color mixing.

Description

Liquid crystal display device and method of manufacturing the same {LIQUID CRYSTAL DISPLAY DEVICE AND MANUFACTURING METHOD THEREOF}

The present invention relates to a liquid crystal display device and a method of manufacturing the same.

A liquid crystal display device is one of the most widely used flat panel displays currently, and consists of two display panels on which electric field generating electrodes, such as a pixel electrode and a common electrode, are formed, and a liquid crystal layer between them.

A voltage is applied to the electric field generation electrode to generate an electric field in the liquid crystal layer, through which the orientation of the liquid crystal molecules in the liquid crystal layer is determined and the polarization of incident light is controlled to display an image.

Liquid crystal display devices use color filters to display colors, and structures that include a light emitter as a material for the color filter are being developed. Including a light emitter in a color filter has the advantage of easily manufacturing a liquid crystal display device with a wide viewing angle and improving power consumption, but has the disadvantage of deteriorating display characteristics due to color mixing with adjacent pixels.

The technical problem to be achieved by the present invention is to provide a liquid crystal display device that does not deteriorate display characteristics due to color mixing or has a wide viewing angle, and a method of manufacturing the same.

In order to solve this problem, a liquid crystal display device according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a backlight unit including a light source; and a liquid crystal layer located on top of the backlight unit and within a microcavity layer, a color filter that displays color by changing the wavelength of light provided from the light source, a lower polarizer located below the liquid crystal layer, and the liquid crystal. and a display panel including an upper polarizer positioned between the layer and the color filter.

The display panel includes an upper display panel and a lower display panel, where the lower display panel includes the liquid crystal layer and the lower polarizing plate, and the upper display panel may include the color filter.

The upper polarizer may be included in the upper display plate or the lower display plate, and the upper display plate may be located above the upper polarizer plate, and the lower display plate may be located below the upper polarizer plate.

The polarizing plate may include a polarizing element that generates polarized light and a TAC (Tri-acetyl-cellulose) layer to ensure durability.

The microcavity layer is maintained by a support layer, an alignment layer is formed on the inner surface of the support layer, and the liquid crystal layer can be aligned by the alignment layer.

The support layer may further include a common electrode and a patterned insulating layer on top, and a liquid crystal inlet may be formed in the patterned insulating layer, the common electrode, and the support layer.

The color filter may include quantum dot particles that convert light provided from the light source.

The light source may be a blue light source.

Among the color filters, a color filter that displays blue is a transparent color filter, and the transparent color filter may include scattering particles.

A blue light transmission layer that transmits only light in the blue wavelength band may be formed below the color filter.

A blue light blocking layer that blocks light in the blue wavelength band may be formed on top of the color filter.

The blue light blocking layer may not be formed on the transparent color filter.

The light source may be an ultraviolet light source.

An ultraviolet ray-transmitting layer that transmits only ultraviolet rays may be formed below the color filter.

An ultraviolet ray blocking layer that blocks ultraviolet rays may be formed on the upper part of the color filter.

The display panel may consist of one display panel.

The upper polarizer may include metal wires arranged at intervals of 100 nm or less.

A method of manufacturing a liquid crystal display device according to an embodiment of the present invention includes forming a thin film transistor on a substrate, forming a pixel electrode on the thin film transistor, forming a sacrificial film on the pixel electrode, and forming a support layer on the sacrificial film. forming a microcavity layer including a liquid crystal inlet by removing the sacrificial film, injecting a liquid crystal material into the microspace layer, forming a coating layer on the support member to cover the liquid crystal inlet, and forming a color filter including quantum dot particles that convert the light provided from the light source.

The method may further include forming an alignment film on the outer wall of the microcavity layer before injecting the liquid crystal material into the microcavity layer.

It may further include forming a common electrode between the support layer and the coating layer, and the liquid crystal inlet may also be formed on the common electrode.

As described above, the color filter containing the light emitter is located on the upper side of the upper polarizer, and the liquid crystal layer is placed in the micro space layer including the liquid crystal inlet to ensure a wide viewing angle and to prevent display characteristics from being degraded due to color mixing.

1 is an exploded perspective view of a liquid crystal display device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of the liquid crystal display device according to the embodiment of FIG. 1.
FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of a lower display panel in the liquid crystal display device according to the embodiment of FIG. 1 .
4 to 14 are diagrams sequentially showing a method of manufacturing a lower display panel according to the embodiment of FIG. 3.
FIG. 15 is a cross-sectional view of the upper display panel in the liquid crystal display device according to the embodiment of FIG. 1.
16 to 19 are diagrams sequentially showing a method of manufacturing an upper display panel according to the embodiment of FIG. 15.
20 to 31 are graphs showing characteristics of a liquid crystal display device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Figure 32 is an exploded perspective view of a liquid crystal display device according to another embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 33 is a cross-sectional view of the liquid crystal display device according to the embodiment of FIG. 32.
Figure 34 is an exploded perspective view of a liquid crystal display device according to another embodiment of the present invention.
Figure 35 is a cross-sectional view of the liquid crystal display device according to the embodiment of Figure 34.

With reference to the attached drawings, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail so that those skilled in the art can easily implement the present invention. However, the present invention may be implemented in many different forms and is not limited to the embodiments described herein.

In the drawing, the thickness is enlarged to clearly express various layers and areas. Throughout the specification, similar parts are given the same reference numerals. When a part of a layer, membrane, region, plate, etc. is said to be "on" another part, this includes not only being "directly above" the other part, but also cases where there is another part in between. Conversely, when a part is said to be “right on top” of another part, it means that there is no other part in between.

Now, a liquid crystal display device according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to FIGS. 1 and 2.

FIG. 1 is an exploded perspective view of a liquid crystal display device according to an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of the liquid crystal display device according to the embodiment of FIG. 1 .

As shown in FIG. 1, the liquid crystal display device according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a lower display panel 100, an upper display panel 200, and a backlight unit 500.

The backlight unit 500 includes a blue light source 510 and a light guide plate 520. The lower display panel 100 located thereon includes a lower polarizer 11, a lower substrate 110, a wiring layer 111, a liquid crystal layer 3 formed in a microcavity layer, an upper insulating layer 310, and an upper polarizer 21. Includes. The upper display panel 200 located thereon includes an upper substrate 210, a blue light blocking layer 231, a color filter 230, and a blue light transmitting layer 232.

First, the lower display panel 100 will be examined with reference to FIGS. 1 to 3 .

FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of a lower display panel in the liquid crystal display device according to the embodiment of FIG. 1 .

Referring to Figures 1 to 3, a wiring layer 111 including a thin film transistor (not shown) is formed on a substrate 110 made of transparent glass or plastic. The wiring layer 111 includes a gate line 121, a maintenance voltage line 131, a gate insulating film 140, a data line (not shown), a protective film (not shown), and a pixel electrode 190, and the thin film transistor is It is connected to the gate line 121 and the data line. The structures of the pixel electrode 190, gate line 121, and data line formed on the wiring layer 111 may vary depending on the embodiment.

The gate line 121 and the maintenance voltage line 131 are located below the gate insulating film 140 and are electrically separated from each other, and the data line is insulated and intersects the gate line 121 and the maintenance voltage line 131. The gate electrode on the gate line 121 and the source electrode on the data line constitute a control terminal and an input terminal, respectively, of the thin film transistor. Additionally, the output terminal (drain electrode) of the thin film transistor is connected to the pixel electrode 190, and the pixel electrode 190 is insulated from the gate line 121, the sustain voltage line 131, and the data line.

A support layer 311 is located on the pixel electrode 190 and the protective film. The support layer 311 is inside the support layer 311 and serves to support the formation of a space (hereinafter referred to as a micro space layer (refer to 305 in FIG. 11)) above the pixel electrode 190 and the protective film. This embodiment The cross-section of the support layer 311 according to the example has a trapezoidal shape, and may have a liquid crystal inlet (see 335 in Figure 14) on one side to allow liquid crystal to be inserted into the microcavity layer 305. Support layer 311 It may include an inorganic insulating material such as silicon nitride (SiNx).

Additionally, in order to align the liquid crystal molecules injected into the microcavity layer 305, an alignment film 12 is formed inside the support layer 311, on top of the pixel electrode 190 and the protective film. The alignment layer 12 may be formed of at least one of materials commonly used as a liquid crystal alignment layer, such as polyamic acid, polysiloxane, or polyimide.

A liquid crystal layer 3 is formed inside the alignment layer 12 of the microspace layer 305, and the liquid crystal molecules 31 are initially aligned by the alignment layer 12. The thickness of the liquid crystal layer 3 may be about 5 to 6 μm.

A light blocking member (BM) 220 is formed between adjacent support layers 311. The light blocking member 220 includes a material that does not transmit light and has an opening, and the opening may correspond to the microcavity layer 305 .

A common electrode 270 is formed on the support layer 311 and the light blocking member 220. The common electrode 270 and the pixel electrode 190 are made of a transparent conductive material such as ITO or IZO, and serve to control the arrangement direction of the liquid crystal molecules 31 by generating an electric field.

A planarization layer 312 is formed on the common electrode 270. The planarization layer 312 is a layer for removing steps that occur on the common electrode 270 due to the light blocking member 220 and may include an organic material. Unlike FIG. 1, the location of the planarization layer 312 may be located below the common electrode 270 or may be omitted.

A patterned insulating layer 313 is formed on the planarization layer 312. The patterned insulating layer 313 may include an inorganic insulating material such as silicon nitride (SiNx). The planarization layer 312 and the patterned insulating layer 313 are patterned together with the support layer 311 to form a liquid crystal injection hole 335. Depending on the embodiment, the patterned insulating layer 313 may also be omitted.

In Figure 1, the support layer 311, the planarization layer 312, and the patterned insulating layer 313 are combined to form one upper insulating layer 310. As shown in FIG. 2, in the embodiment of FIG. 2, the common electrode 270 is located between the support layer 311 and the planarization layer 312. However, depending on the embodiment, the common electrode 270 only needs to be on top of the support layer 311, and may be located on top of the planarization layer 312 or the patterned insulating layer 313.

An upper polarizer 21 is located on the patterned insulating layer 313. The upper polarizer 21 is preferably formed thinly and may have a thickness of 150 to 200 μm. The upper polarizer 21 includes a polarizing element that generates polarized light and a TAC (Tri-acetyl-cellulose) layer to ensure durability.

Meanwhile, a lower polarizer 11 is attached to the back of the substrate 110. The lower polarizer 11 does not have to be thin, and includes a polarizing element that generates polarized light and a TAC (Tri-acetyl-cellulose) layer to ensure durability. However, the location where the lower polarizer 11 is formed may be between the substrate 110 and the wiring layer 111, or may be formed at another location.

Hereinafter, the manufacturing method of the lower display panel 100 will be described in detail through FIGS. 4 to 14.

4 to 14 are diagrams sequentially showing a method of manufacturing a lower display panel according to the embodiment of FIG. 3.

First, as shown in FIG. 4, a wiring layer 111 including a thin film transistor is formed on the lower substrate 110.

The lower substrate is made of transparent glass or plastic, and the wiring layer 111 includes a gate line 121, a maintenance voltage line 131, a gate insulating film 140, a data line (not shown), a protective film (not shown), and It includes a pixel electrode 190, and the thin film transistor is connected to the gate line 121 and the data line.

In FIG. 4, it is simply explained as forming the wiring layer 111 on the lower substrate 110, but in reality, a plurality of processes are included.

For example:

A gate line 121 and a maintenance voltage line 131 are formed on the lower substrate 110, and then a gate insulating film 140 is formed to cover the lower substrate 110, the gate line 121, and the maintenance voltage line 131. do.

A data line is formed on the gate insulating film 140 in a direction crossing the gate line 121 and the maintenance voltage line 131, and a drain electrode, which is an output terminal of the thin film transistor, is also formed. Afterwards, a protective film is formed to cover the data line and the drain electrode, and a contact hole is also formed in the protective film to expose a portion of the drain electrode.

A pixel electrode 190 is formed on the protective film and is electrically connected to the drain electrode through a contact hole in the protective film.

In FIG. 4, the plurality of processes described above are implicitly shown, and the structures of the pixel electrode 190, gate line 121, and data line formed on the wiring layer 111 may vary depending on the embodiment.

Afterwards, referring to FIG. 5, a sacrificial layer 300 is formed in the area where the microcavity layer is to be formed. The sacrificial layer can be formed of a photoresist material, and is formed by etching according to the location, size, and shape where the microspace layer will be formed. Since the micro space layer is the location where the liquid crystal layer 3 will be formed later, it corresponds to the pixel area.

Afterwards, referring to FIG. 6, a support layer 311 is formed covering the sacrificial layer 300 and the exposed wiring layer 111. The support layer 311 may include an inorganic insulating material such as silicon nitride (SiNx), and may be formed to a thickness of approximately 2000 Å. In addition, the support layer 311 is formed to completely cover the sacrificial layer 300 along the surface of the sacrificial layer 300, as shown in FIG. 6. As shown in FIG. 6, the cross-section of the sacrificial layer 300 and the support layer 311 may form a trapezoid.

Thereafter, as shown in FIG. 7, a light blocking member (BM) 220 is formed between adjacent support layers 311. The light blocking member 220 includes a material that does not transmit light and has an opening. The opening of the light blocking member 220 corresponds to the sacrificial layer 300 or the microcavity layer 305.

Afterwards, as shown in FIG. 8, a common electrode 270 covering the support layer 311 and the light blocking member 220 is formed. The common electrode 270, like the pixel electrode 190, is made of a transparent conductive material such as ITO or IZO, and serves to control the arrangement direction of the liquid crystal molecules 31 by generating an electric field together with the pixel electrode 190. .

Afterwards, the lower planarization layer 312 is formed as shown in FIG. 9. The lower planarization layer 312 is a layer for removing steps that occur on the common electrode 270 due to the light blocking member 220 and includes an organic material.

Afterwards, as shown in FIG. 10, a patterned insulating layer 313 is formed on the lower planarization layer 312. The patterned insulating layer 313 is formed by stacking about 2000Å of an inorganic insulating material such as silicon nitride (SiNx), and then patterning the silicon nitride (SiNx) layer stacked together with the lower planarization layer 312 and the support layer 311 to form a liquid crystal layer. An injection port (see 335 in FIG. 14) is formed. In Figure 10, the liquid crystal inlet is not shown, which is only because the cut portion does not pass through the liquid crystal inlet.

Thereafter, an etchant is provided through the liquid crystal injection port to remove the sacrificial layer 300 located inside the support layer 311 to form a microcavity 305 supported by the support layer 311. (See FIG. 11) This process can be performed through a wet etching method in which the lower display panel 100 manufactured up to FIG. 10 is immersed in an etchant such as a PR stripper for a certain period of time.

Afterwards, as shown in FIG. 12, an alignment film 12 is formed within the microcavity 305. The method of forming the alignment film 12 in the microspace 305 is to fill the microspace 305 with a liquid alignment agent through the liquid crystal inlet using an inkjet or spin coating method, and then fill the microspace 305 at a temperature of about 210 degrees for about 1 hour. When cured, the solvent contained in the alignment solution flies away and only the polyimide (PI) is cured on the inner surface of the support layer 311 to form the alignment film 12. Other alignment agents are removed by discharging them through the liquid crystal injection port.

Afterwards, as shown in FIG. 13, the liquid crystal layer 3 is filled in the microcavity 305 where the alignment film 12 is formed. The method of filling the liquid crystal layer 3 into the microspace 305 is to provide liquid crystal material by spin coating or inkjet, and to use the surface energy of silicon nitride (SiNx) that constitutes the support layer 311 and the patterned insulating layer 313. The liquid crystal material is injected into the microspace 305 by the interaction of capillary force generated at the liquid crystal injection port. The injected liquid crystal molecules 31 are aligned in a certain direction by the alignment layer 12. The thickness of the injected liquid crystal layer 3 may be about 5 to 6 μm.

Thereafter, as shown in FIG. 14, a coating layer 340 is formed on the lower display panel 100 through ultraviolet slit coating to block the liquid crystal injection hole 335 from the outside. The coating layer 340 is formed by irradiating ultraviolet rays while slit coating with a transparent organic material, and as a result, the liquid crystal inlet 335 is blocked. The coating layer 340 shown in FIG. 14 is one way to block the liquid crystal inlet 335, so a coating layer is not necessarily required, and it is a structure that does not need to block the liquid crystal inlet 335 or block it from the outside in any other way. , a separate device that blocks the liquid crystal injection hole 335 may not be formed.

Afterwards, as shown in FIG. 3, an upper polarizer 21 is formed on the coating layer 340. The upper polarizing plate 21 is preferably formed to be thin, and may have a thickness of 100 to 200 μm. The upper polarizer 21 includes a polarizing element that generates polarized light and a TAC (Tri-acetyl-cellulose) layer to ensure durability.

In addition, as shown in FIG. 1, a lower polarizer 11 is attached to the back of the lower substrate 110. The lower polarizer 11 does not have to be thin, and includes a polarizing element that generates polarized light and a TAC (Tri-acetyl-cellulose) layer to ensure durability.

The lower display panel 100 is completed by the method described above. The completed lower display panel 100 includes a liquid crystal layer 3, a common electrode 270, an alignment layer 12, a pixel electrode 190, a lower polarizer 11, and an upper polarizer 21, making it a liquid crystal display device. All basic operations are possible using the lower display panel 100. However, since there is no color filter 230 capable of displaying colors, colors cannot be displayed, so hereinafter, the lower display panel 100 is also referred to as a black-and-white liquid crystal display panel.

Hereinafter, the upper display panel 200 including the color filter 230 will be described in detail with reference to FIGS. 1, 2, and 15.

FIG. 15 is a cross-sectional view of the upper display panel in the liquid crystal display device according to the embodiment of FIG. 1.

The upper display panel 200 is located on the upper polarizer 21.

Referring to FIGS. 1 and 2, the upper display panel 200 has a blue light blocking layer 231 formed under the upper substrate 210 made of transparent glass or plastic. The blue light blocking layer 231 is not formed with the opening 231-1 only in the pixel area displaying blue, but is formed in the pixel area displaying red and green. The blue light blocking layer 231 can be formed by alternately stacking at least two layers with different refractive indices, and transmits wavelengths other than the blue wavelength band and blocks the blue wavelength band. Blocked blue wavelengths may be reflected and light recycled. Since the blue light blocking layer 231 serves to block the light emitted from the blue light source 510 from being directly emitted to the outside, it is not formed only in the pixel area displaying blue, but is formed in the pixel area displaying red and green. It is forming.

In the embodiment of the present invention, blue light is used as a light source, and an opening 231-1 is formed in the pixel area displaying blue. However, depending on the embodiment, a red or green light source may be used, and in this case, an opening is formed in the pixel area displaying the corresponding color.

An upper light blocking member 221 is formed below the upper substrate 210 and the blue light blocking layer 231. The upper light blocking member 221 also has an opening, and a color filter corresponding to the color displayed by the corresponding pixel is formed in each opening.

First, a red color filter 230R is formed in the red pixel, a green color filter 230G is formed in the green pixel, and a transparent color filter 230T is formed in the blue pixel. The reason why the transparent color filter 230T is used in the blue pixel is because the blue light source is used as the light source 510 of the backlight 500 used in the embodiments of FIGS. 1 and 2.

The red color filter 230R may include red quantum dot (QD) particles 230RQD and converts light of a wavelength provided from the blue light source 510 into red.

Additionally, the green color filter 230G may include green quantum dot (QD) particles 230GQD, and converts light of a wavelength provided from the blue light source 510 into green.

Additionally, the transparent color filter 230T includes scattering particles 235 that change the direction of light without converting the wavelength of light provided from the blue light source 510. The scattering particle 235 may be a particle such as TiO2, and its size may be similar to the size of a red quantum dot (QD) particle (230RQD) or a green quantum dot (QD) particle (230GQD).

In an embodiment of the present invention, the light provided from the light source 510 of the backlight is scattered from the red quantum dot (QD) particles (230RQD), the green quantum dot (QD) particles (230GQD), and the scattering particles 235 and then is transmitted to the outside. Because it is emitted to display an image, the direction in which the light emitted to the outside travels is wide, and the gradation of light does not change depending on the location, allowing a wide viewing angle.

The color filter 230 may extend along the row of the pixel electrode 190 and have pixels of the same color arranged in the row direction, and depending on the embodiment, it is not limited to the three primary colors of red, green, and blue, and cyan. It can also display one of the following colors: cyan, magenta, yellow, or white.

An upper planarization layer 250 is formed below the upper light blocking member 221, the red color filter 230R, the green color filter 230G, and the transparent color filter 230T. The upper planarization layer 250 may be formed of an organic material and may be omitted depending on the embodiment.

A blue light transmitting layer 232 is formed under the upper planarization layer 250, and unlike the blue light blocking layer 231, it is also formed in pixels that display blue. That is, it is formed in the entire area of the upper display panel 200. The blue light transmitting layer 232 can also be formed by alternately stacking at least two layers with different refractive indices, and transmits only the blue wavelength band and blocks other wavelength bands. Light in the blocked wavelength band may be reflected and optical recycling may occur. The blue light transmission layer 232 is formed to transmit blue light incident from the blue light source 510 and block light of other unnecessary wavelengths.

The lower display panel 100 is located below the blue light-transmitting layer 232, and the upper polarizer 21 and the blue light-transmitting layer 232 of the lower display panel 100 are attached, and are attached directly to each other or through a separate adhesive. It may be glued.

Hereinafter, the manufacturing method of the upper display panel 200 will be looked at using FIGS. 16 to 19.

16 to 19 are diagrams sequentially showing a method of manufacturing an upper display panel according to the embodiment of FIG. 15.

As shown in FIG. 16, a blue light blocking layer 231 is formed under the upper substrate 210 made of transparent glass or plastic. The blue light blocking layer 231 has an opening 231-1, and the opening 231-1 is formed only in the pixel area displaying blue. That is, the blue light blocking layer 231 is formed in the pixel area that displays red and green. The blue light blocking layer 231 may be a film formed by alternately stacking at least two layers with different refractive indices, and is formed by attaching it to the lower surface of the upper substrate 210. The blue light blocking layer 231 transmits wavelengths other than the blue wavelength band and blocks the blue wavelength band, and the blocked blue wavelengths may be reflected to achieve light recycling.

Thereafter, as shown in FIG. 17, a color filter 230 is formed under the blue light blocking layer 231 and the upper substrate 210 exposed by the opening 231-1. In the manufacturing process of the color filter 230, color filters representing the same color are formed together, and in the case of a three-color color filter, a total of three color filter creation processes are performed.

First, we will look at how the red color filter 230R is formed in the red pixel.

The red color filter 230R is formed by stacking a material containing a plurality of red quantum dot (QD) particles 230RQD that change blue light into red light on a transparent organic material or transparent photo resist and patterning to leave only the red pixel area.

Afterwards, a material containing a plurality of green quantum dot (QD) particles (230GQD) that change blue light to green light is stacked on a transparent organic material or transparent photo resist, and patterning is performed to leave only the green pixel area to create a green color filter (230G). form

Afterwards, a material containing scattering particles 235 that disperse incident light is stacked on a transparent organic material or transparent photo resist and patterning is performed to leave only the blue pixel area to form a transparent color filter 230T. The scattering particles 235 are sufficient to be particles that disperse light, and an example of them is TiO2 particles.

Afterwards, as shown in FIG. 18, an upper light blocking member 221 is formed between adjacent color filters 230. The upper light blocking member 221 has an opening, and a color filter 230 is located in the opening. The upper light blocking member 221 includes a material that does not transmit light. Thereafter, as shown in FIG. 18, the upper planarization layer 250 is formed under the upper light blocking member 221, the red color filter 230R, the green color filter 230G, and the transparent color filter 230T. . The upper planarization layer 250 may be formed of an organic material.

Afterwards, as shown in FIG. 19, a blue light transmitting layer 232 is formed below the upper planarization layer 250. The blue light transmitting layer 232 may also be a film formed by alternately stacking at least two layers with different refractive indices. Unlike the blue light blocking layer 231, the blue light transmitting layer 232 is formed in pixels that display blue, and is therefore attached to the entire area of the upper display panel 200. The blue light transmission layer 232 transmits only the blue wavelength band and blocks other wavelength bands. Light in the blocked wavelength band may be reflected and optical recycling may occur. The blue light transmitting layer 232 may have hermetic sealing characteristics.

Thereafter, as shown in FIG. 2, the lower display panel 100 is attached below the blue light transmission layer 232. The upper polarizer 21 of the lower display panel 100 and the blue light-transmitting layer 232 of the upper display panel 200 may be attached directly or through a separate adhesive.

Referring again to FIG. 1, a backlight unit 500 is located below the lower polarizer 11, and the backlight unit includes a blue light source 510 and a light guide plate 520. Although not shown, a plurality of optical films may be formed above the light guide plate 520 and below the lower polarizing plate 11.

In addition, in the embodiment of FIG. 1, the blue light source 510 is located on one side of the light guide plate 520, but it can also be designed as a direct type located below the lower surface of the light guide plate 520.

According to the liquid crystal display device described above, the black-and-white liquid crystal display panel formed on the lower display panel 100 is thinner than a general black-and-white liquid crystal display panel. In the case of a general liquid crystal display panel, the upper polarizer 21 remains as is, and a transparent substrate such as glass is included to have an additional thickness equivalent to the thickness of the substrate. As a result, in the liquid crystal display device according to the embodiment of the present invention, the gap between the color filter 230 of the upper display panel 200 and the liquid crystal layer 3 of the lower display panel 100 is narrower than in a general case, so there is less possibility of color mixing.

In addition, the liquid crystal display device according to an embodiment of the present invention uses a quantum dot (QD) color filter 230, so that the direction in which light travels is wider and has a wide viewing angle characteristic.

The display characteristics according to this embodiment of the present invention will be examined through Figures 20 to 33 below.

20 to 33 are graphs showing characteristics of a liquid crystal display device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

First, we will look at the viewing angle characteristics of the liquid crystal display device according to an embodiment of the present invention through FIGS. 20 and 21.

Figure 20 shows the wavelength spectrum of blue light and the spectrum of light whose wavelength has been converted after passing through the red color filter 230R and the green color filter 230G, and Figure 21 shows the viewing angle characteristics and red color of blue light emitted from the backlight. It shows the viewing angle characteristics of light passing through the filter 230R and the green color filter 230G.

First, as shown in FIG. 20, the light emitted from the blue light source 510 of the backlight unit 500 has wavelength values adjacent to the wavelength of 450 nm. In addition, it can be seen that the light passing through the red color filter 230R and the green color filter 230G has adjacent wavelength values centered on a wavelength of 630 nm and adjacent wavelength values centered on a wavelength of 530 nm, respectively. Since each center wavelength value is a wavelength value representing blue, red, and green, the liquid crystal display device according to an embodiment of the present invention displays colors centered on the corresponding wavelength.

In addition, in the liquid crystal display device according to an embodiment of the present invention, light provided from the blue light source 510 is refracted at the red quantum dot (QD) particles (230RQD), green quantum dot (QD) particles (230GQD), and scattering particles 235. , Because the light is dispersed and travels outward, it has a wide viewing angle.

FIG. 21 shows the viewing angles of light provided from the blue light source 510 and light transmitted through the red color filter 230R and the green color filter 230G. The light passing through the red color filter (230R) and green color filter (230G) is the light that travels laterally as the direction of light changes in the red quantum dot (QD) particles (230RQD) and green quantum dot (QD) particles (230GQD). As this increases, luminance of about 70% of the maximum luminance can be displayed even at 60 degrees left and right as shown in Figure 21. Meanwhile, in FIG. 21, only the light from the blue light source 510 is shown, so the viewing angle appears to be narrow. However, the light that actually passes through the transparent color filter 230T is refracted and dispersed by the scattering particles 235, so FIG. 21 It has a viewing angle similar to that of red and green light. That is, in a general liquid crystal display device, the direction of light provided from the light source does not change, but when using the color filter 230 containing a phosphor as in the embodiment of the present invention, the phosphor (quantum dot particles, scattering particles, etc.) As a result, the direction of light changes and the viewing angle from the side improves.

Hereinafter, the optical characteristics of the blue light transmitting layer 232 and the blue light blocking layer 231 will be examined through FIGS. 22 and 23.

First, Figure 22 shows the characteristics of the blue light blocking layer 231. The blue light blocking layer 231 blocks blue light and does not transmit it, but instead reflects blue light. That is, in Figure 22, the transmittance and reflectance of the blue light blocking layer 231 are shown along with the wavelength spectrum corresponding to each color. As a result, the blue light blocking layer 231 transmits red and green light, but blocks and reflects blue light.

Meanwhile, in Figure 23, the transmittance characteristics of the blue light transmitting layer 232 are shown. According to Figure 23, the characteristic of transmitting light adjacent to 450 nm is shown. Blocks other red and green wavelengths of light.

Based on the characteristics of FIGS. 22 and 23, the blue light blocking layer 231 and the blue light transmitting layer 232 used in the embodiment of the present invention block blue light and display red and green light, respectively, and transmit blue wavelength light. is not included, and components other than blue light provided from the light source are blocked to improve the purity of light applied to the color filter 230.

Hereinafter, a method of preventing color mixing in a liquid crystal display device according to an embodiment of the present invention will be examined in detail with reference to FIGS. 24 to 31.

First, FIGS. 24 and 25 show the characteristics of transmitted light according to the angle at which blue light is incident on the blue light transmitting layer 232 of the upper display panel 200.

24 and 25, when the incident angle is 0, it is incident perpendicular to the blue light-transmitting layer 232, and when the incident angle is 80, it is incident at an angle of 80 degrees with respect to the normal line perpendicular to the blue light-transmitting layer 232. indicates.

Figure 24 shows the change in the wavelength of transmitted light according to the angle of incidence, and Figure 25 shows the transmittance of blue light according to the angle of incidence.

*In Figure 24, when the angle of incidence is 0 degrees, the wavelength of the incident light remains in the blue wavelength band, but as the angle of incidence increases, the wavelength of the incident light becomes relatively shorter and becomes unable to penetrate the blue light transmission layer 232. You can. As a result, only light incident perpendicularly (0 degree incident angle) is transmitted through the blue light transmitting layer 232, and when the incident angle is large, it is not transmitted through the blue light transmitting layer 232 and is reflected and used for light recycling. In addition, in Figure 25, when the angle of incidence is 0 degrees, it can be seen that 90% of the light emitted from the blue light source 510 of the backlight unit 500 is transmitted. However, as the angle of incidence increases, the transmittance of the transmitted light decreases. You can see that the rest is reflected.

Due to the characteristics of the blue light transmission layer 232 as described above, only blue light is transmitted and light of other wavelengths (light incident at an angle greater than a certain angle) is reflected, so that only perpendicular light is incident on the color filter 230. Make sure that color mixing does not occur. In other words, color mixing refers to a case where light that has transmitted through an adjacent pixel is incident on the color filter 230 of the present pixel. This light is incident at an angle to the blue light transmission layer 232 and therefore does not penetrate the blue light transmission layer 232. This prevents color mixing.

Below, we will look at color mixing in more detail through FIGS. 26 to 31.

In Figure 26, the surrounding layer relationship is shown to clearly examine parallax. Various cases are shown where light passing through the liquid crystal layer 3 of the lower display panel 100 passes through the upper polarizer 21 and enters the color filter 230, and the color expressed by the color of the color filter 230 passing through is It changes. In other words, there is no problem when the light passes through the color filter 230 of the corresponding pixel, but when the light travels laterally, it passes through the adjacent color filter 230 and color mixing occurs. In the embodiment of the present invention, the blue light transmitting layer 232 prevents this color mixing to some extent, but we would like to find a value that can prevent color mixing regardless of the blue light transmitting layer 232.

In the embodiment shown in FIG. 26, the width of the color filter 230 is 105.5 ㎛ in Wp, the width of the light blocking member 220 is 29 ㎛ in Wb, pixels per inch (PPI) is 63, and the size of the pixel ( The pixel size is 403.5㎛, and the sub-pixel size is 134.5㎛.

In the embodiment of Figure 26, characteristics according to the vertical distance (d) and divergence half angle between the color filter 230 and the liquid crystal layer 3 are shown in Figures 27 and 28.

Figure 27 shows the change in intensity of light with respect to the viewing angle according to the change in the vertical distance (d) between the color filter 230 and the liquid crystal layer 3 when the spread angle is 80 degrees. . When the light intensity is 0, it means that the light is blocked by the light blocking member 220 at the corresponding viewing angle, so when the light intensity becomes 0 and then increases again, it means that the light progresses to the adjacent color filter 230. do. Therefore, in Figure 27, the only case where the intensity is reduced to a certain level is when the vertical distance (d) between the color filter 230 and the liquid crystal layer 3 is 10㎛, and the vertical distance between the color filter 230 and the liquid crystal layer 3 is 10㎛. (d) clearly shows that the shorter the length, the less likely it is to mix colors.

In addition, Figure 28 shows the change in intensity of light with respect to the viewing angle according to the spread angle while the vertical distance (d) between the color filter 230 and the liquid crystal layer 3 is fixed at 200㎛. It was done. In the graph of FIG. 28, when the intensity of light becomes 0 and then increases again, it means that the light progresses to the adjacent color filter 230. Therefore, when the intensity decreases uniformly, color mixing does not occur. In this case, the only case where the spread angle is 20 degrees is shown in Figure 28, and it clearly shows that the smaller the spread angle, the less likely there is to be color mixing.

Based on this, Figures 29 and 30 also show the frequency of occurrence of color mixing according to the spread angle.

First, in Figure 29, when the PPI value was set to 63, the vertical distance (d) between the color filter 230 and the liquid crystal layer 3 was measured while changing. As shown in FIG. 29, it can be seen that the only case in which color mixing does not occur is when the vertical distance d between the color filter 230 and the liquid crystal layer 3 is 10 μm.

In addition, in Figure 30, the vertical distance (d) between the color filter 230 and the liquid crystal layer 3 is fixed at 200㎛ and measured while changing the PPI. According to Figure 30, color mixing occurs in all cases, but it can be seen that the smaller the spread angle, the less color mixing occurs regardless of the PPI value. When the PPI value is small, the size of the pixel increases, so less color mixing occurs. You can check it.

The present invention is characterized in that the vertical distance (d) between the color filter 230 and the liquid crystal layer 3 is made small in order to prevent color mixing. That is, referring to FIG. 2, the upper polarizer 21 occupies the largest thickness between the color filter 230 and the liquid crystal layer 3, and its thickness is 100 to 200 μm. Therefore, in the embodiment of FIG. 2 of the present invention, the vertical distance (d) between the color filter 230 and the liquid crystal layer 3 can be considered to be 100 to 200㎛, which is because no insulating substrate is formed between them, so the vertical distance (d) ) has the advantage of drastically reducing.

In this way, how much color mixing can be improved by drastically reducing the vertical distance (d) between the color filter 230 and the liquid crystal layer 3 is shown in FIG. 31.

In Figure 31, the spreading angle is 80 degrees or less, the vertical distance (d) between the color filter 230 and the liquid crystal layer 3 is 500 ㎛ or less, and the spreading angle is 55 degrees or less, and the color filter 230 and the liquid crystal layer 3 (3) It is shown whether color mixing occurs when the vertical distance (d) between the two is less than 100㎛.

As shown in FIG. 31, when the vertical distance (d) between the color filter 230 and the liquid crystal layer 3 is 500 ㎛ or less, color mixing occurs several times as the viewing angle changes, but the color filter ( It can be seen that color mixing rarely occurs when the vertical distance (d) between 230) and the liquid crystal layer 3 is 100 μm or less.

As shown in FIG. 31, in the present invention, only the upper polarizer 21 is formed as a thick layer between the color filter 230 and the liquid crystal layer 3 to drastically reduce the gap and prevent color mixing. there is.

Hereinafter, another embodiment different from the embodiment of FIGS. 1 and 2 will be examined with reference to FIGS. 32 to 35.

First, let's look at another embodiment according to FIGS. 32 and 33.

FIG. 32 is an exploded perspective view of a liquid crystal display device according to another embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 33 is a cross-sectional view of the liquid crystal display device according to the embodiment of FIG. 32.

Unlike the embodiment of FIG. 1, the embodiment of FIG. 32 includes an ultraviolet light source 510' as a light source. As a result, the polarizers 11' and 21' have the property of polarizing ultraviolet rays, and the upper display panel 200 includes an ultraviolet ray blocking layer 231' and an ultraviolet ray transmitting layer 232'. Additionally, the quantum dot particles included in the color filter 230' change the wavelength of ultraviolet rays to red, green, and blue. Additionally, in the embodiment of Figure 32, the upper polarizer 21' is included in the upper display panel 200.

As shown in FIG. 32, a liquid crystal display device according to another embodiment of the present invention includes a lower display panel 100, an upper display panel 200, and a backlight unit 500.

The backlight unit 500 includes an ultraviolet light source 510' and a light guide plate 520. The lower display panel 100 positioned thereon includes a lower polarizer 11', a lower substrate 110, a wiring layer 111, a liquid crystal layer 3 formed in a microcavity layer, and an upper insulating layer 310. In addition, the upper display panel 200 located thereon includes an upper polarizer 21', an upper substrate 210, an ultraviolet ray blocking layer 231', a color filter 230', and an ultraviolet ray transmitting layer 232'. .

The liquid crystal display device according to the embodiment of FIG. 32 will be examined in more detail through FIG. 33.

First, the lower display panel 100 will be examined with reference to FIG. 33.

A wiring layer 111 including a thin film transistor (not shown) is formed on a substrate 110 made of transparent glass or plastic. The wiring layer 111 includes a gate line 121, a maintenance voltage line 131, a gate insulating film 140, a data line (not shown), a protective film (not shown), and a pixel electrode 190, and the thin film transistor is It is connected to the gate line 121 and the data line. The structures of the pixel electrode 190, gate line 121, and data line formed on the wiring layer 111 may vary depending on the embodiment.

The gate line 121 and the maintenance voltage line 131 are located below the gate insulating film 140 and are electrically separated from each other, and the data line is insulated and intersects the gate line 121 and the maintenance voltage line 131. The gate electrode on the gate line 121 and the source electrode on the data line constitute a control terminal and an input terminal, respectively, of the thin film transistor. Additionally, the output terminal (drain electrode) of the thin film transistor is connected to the pixel electrode 190, and the pixel electrode 190 is insulated from the gate line 121, the sustain voltage line 131, and the data line.

A support layer 311 is located on the pixel electrode 190 and the protective film. The support layer 311 is inside the support layer 311 and serves to support the formation of a space (hereinafter referred to as a micro space layer (refer to 305 in FIG. 11)) above the pixel electrode 190 and the protective film. This embodiment The cross-section of the support layer 311 according to the example has a trapezoidal shape, and may have a liquid crystal injection hole on one side to allow liquid crystal to be inserted into the microcavity layer 305. The support layer 311 is made of silicon nitride (SiNx), etc. It may contain an inorganic insulating material.

Additionally, in order to align the liquid crystal molecules injected into the microcavity layer 305, an alignment film 12 is formed inside the support layer 311, on top of the pixel electrode 190 and the protective film. The alignment layer 12 may be formed of at least one of materials commonly used as a liquid crystal alignment layer, such as polyamic acid, polysiloxane, or polyimide.

A liquid crystal layer 3 is formed inside the alignment layer 12 of the microspace layer 305, and the liquid crystal molecules 31 are initially aligned by the alignment layer 12. The thickness of the liquid crystal layer 3 may be about 5 to 6 μm.

A light blocking member (BM) 220 is formed between adjacent support layers 311. The light blocking member 220 includes a material that does not transmit light and has an opening, and the opening may correspond to the microcavity layer 305 .

A common electrode 270 is formed on the support layer 311 and the light blocking member 220. The common electrode 270 and the pixel electrode 190 are made of a transparent conductive material such as ITO or IZO, and serve to control the arrangement direction of the liquid crystal molecules 31 by generating an electric field.

A planarization layer 312 is formed on the common electrode 270. The planarization layer 312 is a layer for removing steps that occur on the common electrode 270 due to the light blocking member 220 and may include an organic material.

A patterned insulating layer 313 is formed on the planarization layer 312. The patterned insulating layer 313 may include an inorganic insulating material such as silicon nitride (SiNx). The planarization layer 312 and the patterned insulating layer 313 are patterned together with the support layer 311 to form a liquid crystal injection hole 335. Depending on the embodiment, the patterned insulating layer 313 may also be omitted. In Figure 32, the support layer 311, the planarization layer 312, and the patterned insulating layer 313 are combined to form one upper insulating layer 310.

Meanwhile, a lower polarizer 11' is attached to the back of the substrate 110. The lower polarizer 11' also transmits only one polarization direction among ultraviolet rays. Additionally, the lower polarizer 11' does not have to be thin, and includes a polarizing element that generates polarized light and a TAC (Tri-acetyl-cellulose) layer to ensure durability.

Below, we will look at the upper display panel 200. The upper display panel 200 is located on the patterned insulating layer 313.

Referring to FIGS. 33 and 34, the upper display panel 200 has an ultraviolet ray blocking layer 231' formed under the upper substrate 210 made of transparent glass or plastic. The ultraviolet ray blocking layer 231' is formed on all pixel areas displaying blue, red, and green colors. The ultraviolet ray blocking layer 231' can be formed by alternately stacking at least two layers with different refractive indices, and transmits wavelengths other than the ultraviolet wavelength band and blocks the ultraviolet wavelength band. Blocked ultraviolet rays may be reflected and light recycled. The ultraviolet ray blocking layer 231' serves to block the light emitted from the ultraviolet light source 510' from being directly emitted to the outside.

An upper light blocking member 221 is formed below the upper substrate 210 and the ultraviolet ray blocking layer 231'. The upper light blocking member 221 also has an opening, and a color filter 230' corresponding to the color displayed by the corresponding pixel is formed in each opening.

First, a red color filter 230R' is formed in the red pixel, a green color filter 230G' is formed in the green pixel, and a blue color filter 230B' is formed in the blue pixel.

The red color filter 230R' may include red quantum dot (QD) particles 230RQD' and converts light of a wavelength provided from the ultraviolet light source 510' into red.

Additionally, the green color filter 230G' may include green quantum dot (QD) particles 230GQD' and converts light of a wavelength provided from the ultraviolet light source 510' into green.

Additionally, the blue color filter 230B' may include blue quantum dot (QD) particles 230BQD' and converts light of a wavelength provided from the ultraviolet light source 510' into blue.

In an embodiment of the present invention, the light provided from the ultraviolet light source 510' of the backlight is transmitted from red quantum dot (QD) particles (230RQD), green quantum dot (QD) particles (230GQD), and blue quantum dot (QD) particles (230BQD'). Since the light is converted to red, green, and blue respectively and then emitted to the outside to display an image, the direction in which the light emitted to the outside travels is wide, and the gradation of light does not change depending on the location, allowing a wide viewing angle.

An upper planarization layer 250 is formed below the upper light blocking member 221, the red color filter 230R', the green color filter 230G', and the blue color filter 230B'. The upper planarization layer 250 may be formed of an organic material and may be omitted depending on the embodiment.

An ultraviolet ray-transmitting layer 232' is formed below the upper planarization layer 250, and like the ultraviolet ray blocking layer 231', it is formed in all pixel areas. The ultraviolet light transmitting layer 232' can also be formed by alternately stacking at least two layers with different refractive indices, and transmits only the ultraviolet wavelength band and blocks other wavelength bands. Light in the blocked wavelength band may be reflected and optical recycling may occur.

An upper polarizer 21' is located below the ultraviolet ray transmitting layer 232'. The upper polarizer 21' transmits only one polarization direction among ultraviolet rays. Additionally, the upper polarizer 21' is preferably formed thinly and may have a thickness of 150 to 200 μm. The upper polarizer 21 includes a polarizing element that generates polarized light and a TAC (Tri-acetyl-cellulose) layer to ensure durability.

The lower display panel 100 is located below the upper polarizer 21', and the patterned insulating layer 313, which is the top layer of the lower display panel 100, and the upper polarizer 21' are directly attached to each other or are attached using a separate adhesive. It can also be glued through.

Comparing the embodiments of FIGS. 1 and 32, it can be seen that the upper polarizers 21 and 21' are included in the upper display panel or the lower display panel, and the upper display panel is located above the upper polarizers 21 and 21', It can also be said that a lower display panel is located below the upper polarizers 21 and 21'.

Referring again to FIG. 32, a backlight unit 500 is located below the lower polarizer 11, and the backlight unit includes an ultraviolet light source 510' and a light guide plate 520. Although not shown, a plurality of optical films may be formed above the light guide plate 520 and below the lower polarizing plate 11.

According to the liquid crystal display device described above, the thickness is thin because it does not additionally include a substrate. As a result, in the liquid crystal display device according to the embodiment of the present invention, the gap between the color filter 230' of the upper display panel 200 and the liquid crystal layer 3 of the lower display panel 100 is narrower than in a general case, so there is less possibility of color mixing. .

In addition, the liquid crystal display device according to an embodiment of the present invention uses a quantum dot (QD) color filter 230', so that the direction in which light travels is wider and has a wide viewing angle characteristic.

Below, we will look at another embodiment according to FIGS. 34 and 35.

Figure 34 is an exploded perspective view of a liquid crystal display device according to another embodiment of the present invention, and Figure 35 is a cross-sectional view of the liquid crystal display device according to the embodiment of Figure 34.

34 and 35, unlike the embodiment of FIG. 1, includes an ultraviolet light source 510' as a light source. The lower polarizer 11' has the property of polarizing ultraviolet rays, and the upper polarizer 21-1 has metal wires 21-2, such as aluminum, positioned at intervals of 100 nm or less to reduce the thickness, thereby polarizing light. It has characteristics. 34 and 35 do not form the upper polarizer 21, but instead use a polarizer including metal wiring, so the thickness of the polarizer can be reduced to about 5 to 10 μm, which has the advantage of greatly reducing the possibility of color mixing. There is.

Additionally, the upper display panel 200 includes an ultraviolet ray blocking layer 231'. Additionally, the quantum dot particles included in the color filter 230' change the wavelength of ultraviolet rays to red, green, and blue. Additionally, in the embodiments of FIGS. 34 and 35, all layers are stacked on one substrate to form one display panel.

As shown in FIGS. 34 and 35, a liquid crystal display device according to another embodiment of the present invention includes a display panel 100' and a backlight unit 500.

The backlight unit 500 includes an ultraviolet light source 510' and a light guide plate 520. The display panel 100' located thereon includes a lower polarizer 11', a lower substrate 110, a wiring layer 111, a liquid crystal layer 3 formed in a microcavity layer, an upper insulating layer 310, and an upper polarizer 21. -1), color filter 230', and ultraviolet ray blocking layer 231'. In the embodiments of FIGS. 35 and 36, unlike the embodiment of FIG. 33, the ultraviolet ray transmitting layer is omitted.

The liquid crystal display device according to the embodiment of FIG. 34 will be examined in more detail through FIG. 35.

The integrated display panel 100' will be examined with reference to FIG. 35.

A wiring layer 111 including a thin film transistor (not shown) is formed on a substrate 110 made of transparent glass or plastic. The wiring layer 111 includes a gate line 121, a maintenance voltage line 131, a gate insulating film 140, a data line (not shown), a protective film (not shown), and a pixel electrode 190, and the thin film transistor is It is connected to the gate line 121 and the data line. The structures of the pixel electrode 190, gate line 121, and data line formed on the wiring layer 111 may vary depending on the embodiment.

The gate line 121 and the maintenance voltage line 131 are located below the gate insulating film 140 and are electrically separated from each other, and the data line is insulated and intersects the gate line 121 and the maintenance voltage line 131. The gate electrode on the gate line 121 and the source electrode on the data line constitute a control terminal and an input terminal, respectively, of the thin film transistor. Additionally, the output terminal (drain electrode) of the thin film transistor is connected to the pixel electrode 190, and the pixel electrode 190 is insulated from the gate line 121, the sustain voltage line 131, and the data line.

A support layer 311 is located on the pixel electrode 190 and the protective film. The support layer 311 is inside the support layer 311 and serves to support the formation of a space (hereinafter referred to as a micro space layer (refer to 305 in FIG. 11)) above the pixel electrode 190 and the protective film. This embodiment The cross-section of the support layer 311 according to the example has a trapezoidal shape, and may have a liquid crystal injection hole on one side to allow liquid crystal to be inserted into the microcavity layer 305. The support layer 311 is made of silicon nitride (SiNx), etc. It may contain an inorganic insulating material.

Additionally, in order to align the liquid crystal molecules injected into the microcavity layer 305, an alignment film 12 is formed inside the support layer 311, on top of the pixel electrode 190 and the protective film. The alignment layer 12 may be formed of at least one of materials commonly used as a liquid crystal alignment layer, such as polyamic acid, polysiloxane, or polyimide.

A liquid crystal layer 3 is formed inside the alignment layer 12 of the microspace layer 305, and the liquid crystal molecules 31 are initially aligned by the alignment layer 12. The thickness of the liquid crystal layer 3 may be about 5 to 6 μm.

A light blocking member (BM) 220 is formed between adjacent support layers 311. The light blocking member 220 includes a material that does not transmit light and has an opening, and the opening may correspond to the microcavity layer 305 .

A common electrode 270 is formed on the support layer 311 and the light blocking member 220. The common electrode 270 and the pixel electrode 190 are made of a transparent conductive material such as ITO or IZO, and serve to control the arrangement direction of the liquid crystal molecules 31 by generating an electric field.

A planarization layer 312 is formed on the common electrode 270. The planarization layer 312 is a layer for removing steps that occur on the common electrode 270 due to the light blocking member 220 and may include an organic material.

A patterned insulating layer 313 is formed on the planarization layer 312. The patterned insulating layer 313 may include an inorganic insulating material such as silicon nitride (SiNx). The planarization layer 312 and the patterned insulating layer 313 are patterned together with the support layer 311 to form a liquid crystal injection hole 335. Depending on the embodiment, the patterned insulating layer 313 may also be omitted. In Figure 34, the support layer 311, the planarization layer 312, and the patterned insulating layer 313 are combined to form one upper insulating layer 310.

An upper polarizer 21-1 is located on the patterned insulating layer 313. In order to reduce the thickness of the upper polarizer 21-1, metal wires 21-2, such as aluminum, are positioned at intervals of 100 nm or less, and thus have the property of polarizing light. 34 and 35 do not form the upper polarizer 21, but instead use a polarizer including metal wiring, so the thickness of the polarizer can be reduced to about 5 to 10 μm, which has the advantage of greatly reducing the possibility of color mixing. There is.

An upper light blocking member 221 is formed on the upper polarizer 21-1. The upper light blocking member 221 also has an opening, and a color filter 230' corresponding to the color displayed by the corresponding pixel is formed in each opening.

First, a red color filter 230R' is formed in the red pixel, a green color filter 230G' is formed in the green pixel, and a blue color filter 230B' is formed in the blue pixel.

The red color filter 230R' may include red quantum dot (QD) particles 230RQD' and converts light of a wavelength provided from the ultraviolet light source 510' into red.

Additionally, the green color filter 230G' may include green quantum dot (QD) particles 230GQD' and converts light of a wavelength provided from the ultraviolet light source 510' into green.

Additionally, the blue color filter 230B' may include blue quantum dot (QD) particles 230BQD' and converts light of a wavelength provided from the ultraviolet light source 510' into blue.

In an embodiment of the present invention, the light provided from the ultraviolet light source 510' of the backlight is transmitted from red quantum dot (QD) particles (230RQD), green quantum dot (QD) particles (230GQD), and blue quantum dot (QD) particles (230BQD'). Since the light is converted to red, green, and blue respectively and then emitted to the outside to display an image, the direction in which the light emitted to the outside travels is wide, and the gradation of light does not change depending on the location, allowing a wide viewing angle.

An upper planarization layer 250 is formed on the upper light blocking member 221, the red color filter 230R', the green color filter 230G', and the blue color filter 230B'. The upper planarization layer 250 may be formed of an organic material and may be omitted depending on the embodiment.

An ultraviolet ray blocking layer 231' is formed on the upper planarization layer 250. The ultraviolet ray blocking layer 231' is formed on all pixel areas displaying blue, red, and green colors. The ultraviolet ray blocking layer 231' can be formed by alternately stacking at least two layers with different refractive indices, and transmits wavelengths other than the ultraviolet wavelength band and blocks the ultraviolet wavelength band. Blocked ultraviolet rays may be reflected and light recycled. The ultraviolet ray blocking layer 231' serves to block the light emitted from the ultraviolet light source 510' from being directly emitted to the outside.

Meanwhile, a lower polarizer 11' is attached to the back of the substrate 110. The lower polarizer 11' also transmits only one polarization direction among ultraviolet rays. Additionally, the lower polarizer 11' does not have to be thin, and includes a polarizing element that generates polarized light and a TAC (Tri-acetyl-cellulose) layer to ensure durability.

Referring again to FIG. 34, a backlight unit 500 is located below the lower polarizer 11, and the backlight unit includes an ultraviolet light source 510' and a light guide plate 520. Although not shown, a plurality of optical films may be formed above the light guide plate 520 and below the lower polarizing plate 11.

That is, the embodiments of FIGS. 34 and 35 reduce the thickness of the entire liquid crystal display device by using only one substrate 110, and the upper polarizer 21 located between the liquid crystal layer 3 and the color filter 230'. This is an embodiment in which the possibility of color mixing is greatly reduced by changing -1) to a structure including metal wiring and greatly reducing its thickness.

In addition, the liquid crystal display device according to an embodiment of the present invention uses a quantum dot (QD) color filter 230', so that the direction in which light travels is wider and has a wide viewing angle characteristic.

Although the preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail above, the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and various modifications and improvements made by those skilled in the art using the basic concept of the present invention defined in the following claims are also possible. falls within the scope of rights.

100: Lower display panel 100': Integrated display panel
11, 11', 21, 21', 21-1: polarizer 12: alignment layer
21-2: metal wiring 110, 210: insulating substrate
111: wiring layer 200: upper display panel
220, 221: light blocking member 230, 230': color filter
230T: Transparent color filter 235: Scattering particles
231: blue light blocking layer 231-1: opening
232: blue light transmission layer 190: pixel electrode
231': UV blocking layer 232': UV transmitting layer
250: upper planarization layer 270: common electrode
3: Liquid crystal layer 300: Sacrificial layer
305: microspace 31: liquid crystal molecules
310: upper insulating layer 311: support layer
312: Planarization layer 313: Patterned insulating layer
335: liquid crystal inlet 340: coating layer
500: backlight unit 510: blue light source
510': ultraviolet light source 520: light guide plate

Claims (20)

first substrate; and
A color portion located on the first substrate and including a first color portion including red quantum dots, a second color portion including green quantum dots, and a third color portion, and
It is located between the first substrate and the color portion and includes a plurality of layers overlapping the first color portion, the second color portion, and the third color portion,
A display device wherein the plurality of layers includes at least two layers having different refractive indices. In paragraph 1:
The display device further includes a wiring layer located on the first substrate,
The wiring layer is,
Gate lines and data lines that are insulated from each other and cross each other,
A thin film transistor connected to the gate line and the data line,
A display device including a pixel electrode connected to the thin film transistor. In paragraph 2,
A display device further comprising a common electrode overlapping the pixel electrode. In paragraph 3,
A display device further comprising a planarization layer located on the common electrode. In paragraph 4,
A display device wherein the planarization layer includes an organic material. In paragraph 4,
A display device further comprising an insulating layer located on the planarization layer. In paragraph 6:
A display device wherein the insulating layer includes an inorganic material. In paragraph 1:
The display device includes a light blocking member positioned between adjacent color portions,
The light blocking member has an opening,
A display device in which one of the first color part, the second color part, and the third color part is located within the opening. In paragraph 1:
A display device in which blue light is incident on the first color part, the second color part, and the third color part. In paragraph 1:
A display device further comprising a blue light blocking layer overlapping the first color portion. In paragraph 10:
A display device wherein the blue light blocking layer has an opening, and the opening overlaps the third color portion. In paragraph 1:
A display device further comprising a blue light blocking layer overlapping the second color portion. In paragraph 12:
A display device wherein the blue light blocking layer has an opening, and the opening overlaps the third color portion. A thin film transistor and a pixel electrode located on a first substrate;
a common electrode overlapping the pixel electrode; and
It is located on the common electrode and includes a color portion including a first color portion including red quantum dots, a second color portion including green quantum dots, and a third color portion,
It is located between the first substrate and the color portion and includes a plurality of layers overlapping the first color portion, the second color portion, and the third color portion,
A display device wherein the plurality of layers includes at least two layers having different refractive indices. In paragraph 14:
The display device further includes a planarization layer located on the common electrode,
A display device wherein the planarization layer overlaps the entire surface of the first substrate. In paragraph 15:
A display device wherein the planarization layer includes an organic material. In paragraph 15:
The planarization layer is a first planarization layer,
A display device further comprising a second planarization layer located on the first planarization layer. In paragraph 17:
The second planarization layer includes an organic material. In paragraph 17:
Further comprising an insulating layer located between the first planarization layer and the second planarization layer,
A display device wherein the insulating layer includes an inorganic material. In paragraph 14:
Further comprising a blue light blocking layer overlapping with the first color portion,
A display device wherein the blue light blocking layer has an opening, and the opening overlaps the third color portion.