KR102297207B1 - Liquid crystal display device and manufacturing method thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

In the present invention, a color filter including a light emitting body is positioned above the upper polarizing plate, and a liquid crystal layer is positioned in a microcavity layer including a liquid crystal injection hole to have a wide viewing angle or to prevent deterioration of display characteristics due to color mixing.

Description

A liquid crystal display device and its manufacturing method TECHNICAL FIELD

The present invention relates to a liquid crystal display device and a method for manufacturing the same.

A liquid crystal display device is one of the most widely used flat panel display devices at present, and includes two display panels on which electric field generating electrodes such as a pixel electrode and a common electrode are formed and a liquid crystal layer interposed therebetween.

An electric field is generated in the liquid crystal layer by applying a voltage to the electric field generating electrode, and an image is displayed by determining the alignment of liquid crystal molecules in the liquid crystal layer and controlling the polarization of incident light.

In a liquid crystal display device, a color filter is used to display a color, and a structure including a light emitting body as a material of the color filter is being developed. When a light emitting body is included in the color filter, a liquid crystal display having a wide viewing angle can be easily manufactured and power consumption can be improved, but there is a disadvantage in that display characteristics are deteriorated due to color mixing with adjacent pixels.

An object of the present invention is to provide a liquid crystal display device having no deterioration in display characteristics due to color mixing or having a wide viewing angle, and a method for manufacturing the same.

In order to solve the above problems, a liquid crystal display device according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a backlight unit including a light source; and a liquid crystal layer positioned on the backlight unit and positioned within the microcavity layer, a color filter displaying colors by changing the wavelength of light provided from the light source, a lower polarizing plate positioned below the liquid crystal layer, and the liquid crystal and a display panel including an upper polarizing plate positioned between the layer and the color filter.

The display panel may include an upper panel and a lower panel, the lower panel may include the liquid crystal layer and the lower polarizing plate, and the upper panel may include the color filter.

The upper polarizing plate may be included in the upper panel or the lower panel, and the upper panel may be positioned above the upper polarizing plate, and the lower panel may be positioned below the upper polarizing plate.

The polarizing plate may include a polarizing element that generates polarized light and a tri-acetyl-cellulose (TAC) layer for securing durability.

The microcavity layer may be maintained by a support layer, an alignment layer may be formed on an inner surface of the support layer, and the liquid crystal layer may be aligned by the alignment layer.

A common electrode and a patterned insulating layer may be further provided on the support layer, and a liquid crystal injection hole may be formed in the patterned insulating layer, the common electrode, and the support layer.

The color filter may include quantum dot particles that convert the light provided from the light source.

The light source may be a blue light source.

Among the color filters, a color filter displaying blue is a transparent color filter, and the transparent color filter may include scattering particles.

A blue light transmitting layer that transmits only light of a blue wavelength band may be formed under the color filter.

A blue light blocking layer that blocks light of a blue wavelength band may be formed on the color filter.

The blue light blocking layer may not be formed on the transparent color filter.

The light source may be an ultraviolet light source.

An ultraviolet transmitting layer that transmits only ultraviolet rays may be formed under the color filter.

An ultraviolet blocking layer for blocking ultraviolet rays may be formed on the color filter.

The display panel may consist of one display panel.

The upper polarizing plate may include metal wires arranged at intervals of 100 nm or less.

A method of manufacturing a liquid crystal display according to an embodiment of the present invention includes forming a thin film transistor on a substrate, forming a pixel electrode on the thin film transistor, forming a sacrificial film on the pixel electrode, and forming a support layer on the sacrificial film forming a microcavity layer including a liquid crystal injection hole by removing the sacrificial layer; injecting a liquid crystal material into the microcavity layer; forming a coating layer on the support member to cover the liquid crystal injection hole; and forming a color filter including quantum dot particles that convert light provided from the light source.

The method may further include forming an alignment layer on an outer wall of the microcavity layer before injecting the liquid crystal material into the microcavity layer.

The method may further include forming a common electrode between the support layer and the coating layer, and the liquid crystal injection hole may also be formed in the common electrode.

As described above, the color filter including the light emitting body is positioned above the upper polarizing plate, and the liquid crystal layer is positioned in the microcavity layer including the liquid crystal injection hole to have a wide viewing angle or to prevent deterioration of display characteristics due to color mixing.

1 is an exploded perspective view of a liquid crystal display according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of the liquid crystal display according to the exemplary embodiment of FIG. 1 .
3 is a cross-sectional view of a lower panel in the liquid crystal display according to the exemplary embodiment of FIG. 1 .
4 to 14 are views sequentially illustrating a method of manufacturing a lower panel according to the exemplary embodiment of FIG. 3 .
15 is a cross-sectional view of an upper panel of the liquid crystal display according to the exemplary embodiment of FIG. 1 .
16 to 19 are views sequentially illustrating a method of manufacturing an upper panel according to the exemplary embodiment of FIG. 15 .
20 to 31 are graphs illustrating characteristics of a liquid crystal display according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention.
32 is an exploded perspective view of a liquid crystal display according to another exemplary embodiment.
33 is a cross-sectional view of the liquid crystal display according to the embodiment of FIG. 32 .
34 is an exploded perspective view of a liquid crystal display according to another exemplary embodiment of the present invention.
35 is a cross-sectional view of the liquid crystal display according to the embodiment of FIG. 34 .

With reference to the accompanying drawings, the embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail so that those of ordinary skill in the art to which the present invention pertains can easily implement them. However, the present invention may be embodied in many different forms and is not limited to the embodiments described herein.

In order to clearly express various layers and regions in the drawings, the thicknesses are enlarged. Throughout the specification, like reference numerals are assigned to similar parts. When a part of a layer, film, region, plate, etc. is said to be “on” another part, it includes not only cases where it is “directly on” another part, but also cases where there is another part in between. Conversely, when we say that a part is "just above" another part, we mean that there is no other part in the middle.

A liquid crystal display according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention will now be described in detail with reference to FIGS. 1 and 2 .

1 is an exploded perspective view of a liquid crystal display according to an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of the liquid crystal display according to the embodiment of FIG. 1 .

As shown in FIG. 1 , the liquid crystal display according to the exemplary embodiment includes a lower panel 100 , an upper panel 200 , and a backlight unit 500 .

The backlight unit 500 includes a blue light source 510 and a light guide plate 520 . The lower display panel 100 positioned thereon includes a lower polarizing plate 11 , a lower substrate 110 , a wiring layer 111 , a liquid crystal layer 3 formed in a microcavity layer, an upper insulating layer 310 , and an upper polarizing plate 21 . includes The upper panel 200 positioned thereon includes an upper substrate 210 , a blue light blocking layer 231 , a color filter 230 , and a blue light transmitting layer 232 .

First, the lower display panel 100 will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 to 3 .

3 is a cross-sectional view of a lower panel in the liquid crystal display according to the exemplary embodiment of FIG. 1 .

1 to 3 , a wiring layer 111 including a thin film transistor (not shown) is formed on a substrate 110 made of transparent glass or plastic. The wiring layer 111 includes a gate line 121 , a sustain voltage line 131 , a gate insulating layer 140 , a data line (not shown), a protective layer (not shown), and a pixel electrode 190 , and the thin film transistor is It is connected to the gate line 121 and the data line. The structures of the pixel electrode 190 , the gate line 121 , and the data line formed on the wiring layer 111 may vary according to embodiments.

The gate line 121 and the storage voltage line 131 are positioned under the gate insulating layer 140 and are electrically isolated from each other, and the data line insulates and crosses the gate line 121 and the storage voltage line 131 . A gate electrode on the gate line 121 and a source electrode on the data line constitute a control terminal and an input terminal of the thin film transistor, respectively. Also, an output terminal (drain electrode) of the thin film transistor is connected to the pixel electrode 190 , and the pixel electrode 190 is insulated from the gate line 121 , the storage voltage line 131 , and the data line.

A support layer 311 is positioned on the pixel electrode 190 and the passivation layer. The support layer 311 serves to support the inside of the support layer 311 and to form a space (hereinafter referred to as a microcavity layer (referred to as 305 in FIG. 11 ) above the pixel electrode 190 and the passivation layer). The cross-section of the support layer 311 according to the example has a trapezoidal shape, and may have a liquid crystal injection hole (refer to 335 in FIG. 14 ) on one side to put liquid crystal into the microcavity layer 305. Support layer 311 Silver may include an inorganic insulating material such as silicon nitride (SiNx).

In addition, an alignment layer 12 is formed inside the support layer 311 , on the pixel electrode 190 , and on the passivation layer in order to align the liquid crystal molecules injected into the microcavity layer 305 . The alignment layer 12 may include at least one of materials generally used as a liquid crystal alignment layer, such as polyamic acid, polysiloxane, or polyimide.

A liquid crystal layer 3 is formed inside the alignment layer 12 of the microcavity layer 305 , and the liquid crystal molecules 31 are initially arranged by the alignment layer 12 . The liquid crystal layer 3 may have a thickness of about 5 to 6 μm.

A light blocking member BM 220 is formed between the adjacent supporting layers 311 . The light blocking member 220 includes a material that does not transmit light, has an opening, and the opening may correspond to the microcavity layer 305 .

A common electrode 270 is formed on the support layer 311 and the light blocking member 220 . The common electrode 270 and the pixel electrode 190 are formed of a transparent conductive material such as ITO or IZO, and generate an electric field to control the alignment direction of the liquid crystal molecules 31 .

A planarization layer 312 is formed on the common electrode 270 . The planarization layer 312 is a layer for removing a step generated on the common electrode 270 due to the light blocking member 220 , and may include an organic material. Unlike FIG. 1 , the planarization layer 312 may be positioned under the common electrode 270 or may be omitted.

A patterned insulating layer 313 is formed on the planarization layer 312 . The patterned insulating layer 313 may include an inorganic insulating material such as silicon nitride (SiNx). The planarization layer 312 and the patterned insulating layer 313 are patterned together with the support layer 311 to form the liquid crystal injection hole 335 . In some embodiments, the patterned insulating layer 313 may also be omitted.

In FIG. 1 , the support layer 311 , the planarization layer 312 , and the patterned insulating layer 313 are combined to form one upper insulating layer 310 . As shown in FIG. 2 , in the embodiment of FIG. 2 , the common electrode 270 is positioned between the support layer 311 and the planarization layer 312 . However, according to an embodiment, the common electrode 270 only needs to be on the support layer 311 , and may be positioned on the planarization layer 312 or the patterned insulating layer 313 .

An upper polarizing plate 21 is positioned on the patterned insulating layer 313 . The upper polarizing plate 21 is preferably formed thin, and may have a thickness of 150 to 200 μm. The upper polarizing plate 21 includes a polarizing element that generates polarized light and a tri-acetyl-cellulose (TAC) layer for securing durability.

Meanwhile, a lower polarizing plate 11 is attached to the rear surface of the substrate 110 . The lower polarizing plate 11 does not need to be formed thin, and includes a polarizing element that generates polarized light and a tri-acetyl-cellulose (TAC) layer for securing durability. However, the position where the lower polarizing plate 11 is formed may be formed between the substrate 110 and the wiring layer 111 or may be formed at other positions.

Hereinafter, a method of manufacturing the lower panel 100 will be described in detail with reference to FIGS. 4 to 14 .

4 to 14 are views sequentially illustrating a method of manufacturing a lower panel according to the exemplary embodiment of FIG. 3 .

First, as shown in FIG. 4 , a wiring layer 111 including a thin film transistor or the like is formed on the lower substrate 110 .

The lower substrate is made of transparent glass or plastic, and the wiring layer 111 includes a gate line 121 , a sustain voltage line 131 , a gate insulating layer 140 , a data line (not shown), a protective layer (not shown) and It includes a pixel electrode 190 , and the thin film transistor is connected to the gate line 121 and the data line.

In FIG. 4 , the wiring layer 111 is simply described as forming the wiring layer 111 on the lower substrate 110 , but a plurality of processes are actually included.

For example:

A gate line 121 and a storage voltage line 131 are formed on the lower substrate 110 , and thereafter, a gate insulating layer 140 covering the lower substrate 110 and the gate line 121 and the storage voltage line 131 is formed. do.

A data line is formed on the gate insulating layer 140 in a direction crossing the gate line 121 and the sustain voltage line 131 , and a drain electrode that is an output terminal of the thin film transistor is also formed. Thereafter, a protective film covering the data line and the drain electrode is formed, and a contact hole exposing a part of the drain electrode is also formed in the protective film.

A pixel electrode 190 is formed on the passivation layer, and is electrically connected to the drain electrode through a contact hole of the passivation layer.

The plurality of processes as described above are implicitly illustrated in FIG. 4 , and the structures of the pixel electrode 190 , the gate line 121 , and the data line formed on the wiring layer 111 may vary according to embodiments.

Thereafter, referring to FIG. 5 , the sacrificial layer 300 is formed in the region where the microcavity layer is to be formed. The sacrificial layer may be formed of a photoresist material, and is formed by etching according to the location, size, and shape of the microcavity layer to be formed. Since the microcavity layer is a position where the liquid crystal layer 3 will be formed later, it corresponds to the pixel area.

Thereafter, referring to FIG. 6 , a support layer 311 covering the sacrificial layer 300 and the exposed wiring layer 111 is formed. The support layer 311 may include an inorganic insulating material such as silicon nitride (SiNx), and may be formed to a thickness of about 2000 Å. In addition, the support layer 311 is formed to completely cover the sacrificial layer 300 along the surface of the sacrificial layer 300 as shown in FIG. 6 . As shown in FIG. 6 , the cross-sections of the sacrificial layer 300 and the support layer 311 may form a trapezoid.

Thereafter, as shown in FIG. 7 , a light blocking member BM 220 is formed between the adjacent supporting layers 311 . The light blocking member 220 includes a material that does not transmit light and has an opening. The opening of the light blocking member 220 corresponds to the sacrificial layer 300 or the microcavity layer 305 .

Thereafter, as shown in FIG. 8 , a common electrode 270 covering the support layer 311 and the light blocking member 220 is formed. The common electrode 270 is formed of a transparent conductive material such as ITO or IZO like the pixel electrode 190 , and generates an electric field together with the pixel electrode 190 to control the alignment direction of the liquid crystal molecules 31 . .

Thereafter, as shown in FIG. 9 , a lower planarization layer 312 is formed. The lower planarization layer 312 is a layer for removing a step generated on the common electrode 270 due to the light blocking member 220 and includes an organic material.

Thereafter, as shown in FIG. 10 , a patterned insulating layer 313 is formed on the lower planarization layer 312 . The patterned insulating layer 313 is formed by depositing about 2000 Å of an inorganic insulating material such as silicon nitride (SiNx), and then patterning the silicon nitride (SiNx) layer stacked together with the lower planarization layer 312 and the support layer 311 to form a liquid crystal. An inlet (refer to 335 in FIG. 14) is formed. The liquid crystal injection hole is not shown in FIG. 10, only because the cut part does not pass through the liquid crystal injection hole.

Thereafter, an etchant is provided through the liquid crystal injection hole to remove the sacrificial layer 300 positioned inside the support layer 311 to form a microcavity 305 supported by the support layer 311 . (See FIG. 11 ) Such a process may be performed through a wet etching method in which the lower panel 100 manufactured up to FIG. 10 is immersed in an etchant such as a PR stripper for a predetermined time.

Thereafter, as shown in FIG. 12 , an alignment layer 12 is formed in the microcavity 305 . The method of forming the alignment layer 12 in the microcavity 305 is to fill the inside of the microcavity 305 through the liquid crystal injection hole by using an inkjet or spin coating method with a liquid alignment solution, and then at a temperature of about 210 degrees for about 1 hour. Upon curing, the solvent contained in the alignment solution is blown away and only polyimide (PI) is cured on the inner surface of the support layer 311 to form the alignment layer 12 . The other aligning agent is removed by discharging it through the liquid crystal injection hole.

Thereafter, as shown in FIG. 13 , the liquid crystal layer 3 is filled in the microcavity 305 in which the alignment layer 12 is formed. In the method of filling the liquid crystal layer 3 in the microcavity 305 , a liquid crystal material is provided by spin coating or inkjet method, and the surface energy of silicon nitride (SiNx) constituting the support layer 311 and the patterned insulating layer 313 . The liquid crystal material is injected into the microcavity 305 by the interaction between the liquid crystal and the capillary force generated at the liquid crystal injection hole. The injected liquid crystal molecules 31 are aligned in a predetermined direction by the alignment layer 12 . The injected liquid crystal layer 3 may have a thickness of about 5 to 6 μm.

Thereafter, as shown in FIG. 14 , a coating layer 340 is formed on the lower panel 100 through UV slit coating in order to block the liquid crystal injection hole 335 from the outside. The coating layer 340 is formed by irradiating ultraviolet rays while slit coating with a transparent organic material, and as a result, the liquid crystal injection hole 335 is clogged. Since the coating layer 340 shown in FIG. 14 is one method for blocking the liquid crystal injection hole 335, a coating layer is not necessarily required. In this case, a separate device for blocking the liquid crystal injection hole 335 may not be formed.

Thereafter, as shown in FIG. 3 , the upper polarizing plate 21 is formed on the coating layer 340 . The upper polarizing plate 21 is preferably formed thin, and may have a thickness of 100 to 200 μm. The upper polarizing plate 21 includes a polarizing element that generates polarized light and a tri-acetyl-cellulose (TAC) layer for securing durability.

In addition, as shown in FIG. 1 , a lower polarizing plate 11 is attached to the rear surface of the lower substrate 110 . The lower polarizing plate 11 does not need to be formed thin, and includes a polarizing element that generates polarized light and a tri-acetyl-cellulose (TAC) layer for securing durability.

The lower display panel 100 is completed by the above method. The completed lower panel 100 includes a liquid crystal layer 3 , a common electrode 270 , an alignment layer 12 , a pixel electrode 190 , a lower polarizing plate 11 , and an upper polarizing plate 21 . All of the basic operations as the lower display panel 100 are possible. However, since there is no color filter 230 capable of displaying a color, a color cannot be displayed. Hereinafter, the lower panel 100 is also referred to as a black-and-white liquid crystal panel.

Hereinafter, the upper display panel 200 including the color filter 230 will be described in detail with reference to FIGS. 1, 2 and 15 .

15 is a cross-sectional view of an upper panel of the liquid crystal display according to the exemplary embodiment of FIG. 1 .

The upper display panel 200 is positioned on the upper polarizing plate 21 .

1 and 2 , in the upper panel 200 , a blue light blocking layer 231 is formed under an upper substrate 210 made of transparent glass or plastic. The blue light blocking layer 231 is not formed with the opening 231-1 only in the pixel area displaying blue, but is formed in the pixel area displaying red and green. The blue light blocking layer 231 may be formed by alternately stacking at least two layers having different refractive indices, and transmits wavelengths except for the blue wavelength band and blocks the blue wavelength band. The blocked blue wavelength may be reflected and light recycling may be performed. The blue light blocking layer 231 serves to block the light emitted from the blue light source 510 from being directly emitted to the outside. is forming

In the embodiment of the present invention, since blue light is used as a light source, an opening 231-1 is formed in a pixel area displaying blue. However, depending on the embodiment, a red or green light source may be used. In this case, an opening is formed in a pixel area displaying the corresponding color.

An upper light blocking member 221 is formed under the upper substrate 210 and the blue light blocking layer 231 . The upper light blocking member 221 also has an opening, and a color filter corresponding to a color displayed by a corresponding pixel is formed in each of the openings.

First, a red color filter 230R is formed in a red pixel, a green color filter 230G is formed in a green pixel, and a transparent color filter 230T is formed in a blue pixel. The reason why the transparent color filter 230T is used in the blue pixel is that the blue light source is used as the light source 510 of the backlight 500 used in the embodiments of FIGS. 1 and 2 .

The red color filter 230R may include red quantum dot (QD) particles 230RQD, and converts light of a wavelength provided from the blue light source 510 into red.

In addition, the green color filter 230G may include green quantum dot (QD) particles 230GQD, and converts light of a wavelength provided from the blue light source 510 into green.

In addition, the transparent color filter 230T includes scattering particles 235 that change the propagation direction of the light without converting the wavelength of the light of the wavelength provided by the blue light source 510 . The scattering particles 235 may be particles such as TiO 2 , and their size may be similar to the size of the red quantum dot (QD) particles 230RQD or the green quantum dot (QD) particles 230GQD.

In the embodiment of the present invention, the light provided from the light source 510 of the backlight is scattered to the outside after the light is scattered from the red quantum dot (QD) particles 230RQD, the green quantum dot (QD) particles 230GQD, and the scattering particles 235. Since the light is emitted to display an image, the propagation direction of the light emitted to the outside is wide, and the gradation of the light does not change depending on the location, so a wide viewing angle can be obtained.

The color filter 230 may extend along the column of the pixel electrode 190 and have pixels of the same color disposed in the column direction. (cyan), magenta (magenta), yellow (yellow), one of the white-based colors may be displayed.

An upper planarization layer 250 is formed under the upper light blocking member 221 , the red color filter 230R, the green color filter 230G, and the transparent color filter 230T. The upper planarization layer 250 may be formed of an organic material, and may be omitted in some embodiments.

A blue light transmitting layer 232 is formed under the upper planarization layer 250 , and unlike the blue light blocking layer 231 , it is also formed in pixels displaying blue. That is, it is formed over the entire area of the upper panel 200 . The blue light transmitting layer 232 may also be formed by alternately stacking at least two layers having different refractive indices, and transmits only the blue wavelength band and blocks other wavelength bands. Light of the blocked wavelength band may be reflected and light recycling may be performed. The blue light transmitting layer 232 is formed to transmit blue light incident from the blue light source 510 as it is, and to block other unnecessary wavelengths of light.

The lower panel 100 is positioned under the blue light transmitting layer 232 , and the upper polarizing plate 21 and the blue light transmitting layer 232 of the lower panel 100 are attached to each other directly or through a separate adhesive. It may be glued.

Hereinafter, a method of manufacturing the upper panel 200 will be described with reference to FIGS. 16 to 19 .

16 to 19 are views sequentially illustrating a method of manufacturing an upper panel according to the exemplary embodiment of FIG. 15 .

As shown in FIG. 16 , a blue light blocking layer 231 is formed under the upper substrate 210 made of transparent glass or plastic. The blue light blocking layer 231 has an opening 231-1, and the opening 231-1 is formed only in a pixel region displaying blue. That is, the blue light blocking layer 231 is formed in the pixel area displaying red and green colors. The blue light blocking layer 231 may be a film formed by alternately stacking at least two layers having different refractive indices, and is formed by attaching it to the lower surface of the upper substrate 210 . The blue light blocking layer 231 may transmit wavelengths except for the blue wavelength band and block the blue wavelength band, and the blocked blue wavelength may be reflected to perform light recycling.

Thereafter, as shown in FIG. 17 , a color filter 230 is formed under the upper substrate 210 exposed by the blue light blocking layer 231 and the opening 231-1. In the manufacturing process of the color filter 230, color filters representing the same color are formed together, and in the case of a three-color filter, a total of three color filter generating processes are performed.

First, a method of forming the red color filter 230R in the red pixel will be described.

The red color filter 230R is formed by stacking a material including a plurality of red quantum dot (QD) particles 230RQD that converts blue light into red light on a transparent organic material or transparent photoresist and patterning the material to remain only in the red pixel area.

Thereafter, a material including a plurality of green quantum dot (QD) particles 230GQD for changing blue light into green light is laminated on a transparent organic material or transparent photoresist, and patterning is performed to leave only the green pixel area, thereby forming a green color filter 230G. to form

Thereafter, a transparent organic material or a transparent photoresist is laminated with a material including the scattering particles 235 for dispersing incident light, and the transparent color filter 230T is formed by patterning leaving only the blue pixel area. As the scattering particles 235, particles that disperse light are sufficient, and an example thereof is TiO2 particles.

Thereafter, as shown in FIG. 18 , an upper light blocking member 221 is formed between adjacent color filters 230 . The upper light blocking member 221 has an opening, and the color filter 230 is positioned in the opening. The upper light blocking member 221 includes a material that does not transmit light. Thereafter, as shown in FIG. 18 , an upper planarization layer 250 is formed under the upper light blocking member 221 , the red color filter 230R, the green color filter 230G, and the transparent color filter 230T. . The upper planarization layer 250 may be formed of an organic material.

Thereafter, as shown in FIG. 19 , a blue light transmitting layer 232 is formed under the upper planarization layer 250 . The blue light transmitting layer 232 may also be a film formed by alternately stacking at least two layers having different refractive indices. Unlike the blue light blocking layer 231 , the blue light transmitting layer 232 is also formed in pixels displaying blue, and thus is attached to the entire area of the upper panel 200 . The blue light transmitting layer 232 transmits only the blue wavelength band and blocks other wavelength bands. Light of the blocked wavelength band may be reflected and light recycling may be performed. The blue light transmitting layer 232 may have a hermetic sealing characteristic.

Thereafter, as shown in FIG. 2 , the lower panel 100 is attached under the blue light transmitting layer 232 . The upper polarizing plate 21 of the lower panel 100 and the blue light transmitting layer 232 of the upper panel 200 may be directly attached or may be attached through a separate adhesive.

Referring back to FIG. 1 , the backlight unit 500 is positioned under the lower polarizing plate 11 , and the backlight unit includes a blue light source 510 and a light guide plate 520 . It is an upper portion of the light guide plate 520 , and a plurality of optical films may be formed under the lower polarizing plate 11 , although not illustrated.

In addition, in the embodiment of FIG. 1 , the blue light source 510 is illustrated as being positioned on one side of the light guide plate 520 , but it may also be designed as a direct type positioned under the lower surface of the light guide plate 520 .

According to the liquid crystal display as described above, the black-and-white liquid crystal panel formed on the lower panel 100 is thinner than a general black-and-white liquid crystal display panel. In the case of a general liquid crystal display panel, the upper polarizing plate 21 remains as it is, and a transparent substrate such as glass is included to have a thickness equal to the thickness of the substrate. As a result, in the liquid crystal display according to the embodiment of the present invention, the gap between the color filter 230 of the upper panel 200 and the liquid crystal layer 3 of the lower panel 100 is narrower than in the general case, and the possibility of color mixing is low.

In addition, the liquid crystal display according to the embodiment of the present invention has a wide viewing angle characteristic because the direction in which light travels is wider by using the quantum dot (QD) color filter 230 .

The display characteristics according to the embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 20 to 33 below.

20 to 33 are graphs illustrating characteristics of a liquid crystal display according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention.

First, a viewing angle characteristic of a liquid crystal display according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 20 and 21 .

20 shows a wavelength spectrum of blue light and a spectrum of light whose wavelength is converted by passing through the red color filter 230R and the green color filter 230G. In FIG. 21, the viewing angle characteristics and red color of blue light emitted from the backlight The viewing angle characteristics of the light passing through the filter 230R and the green color filter 230G are shown.

First, as shown in FIG. 20 , light emitted from the blue light source 510 of the backlight unit 500 has a wavelength value adjacent to a wavelength of 450 nm. Also, it can be seen that light passing through the red color filter 230R and the green color filter 230G has a wavelength value adjacent to the wavelength of 630 nm and a wavelength value adjacent to the wavelength of 530 nm, respectively. Since each central wavelength value is a wavelength value representing blue, red, and green, the liquid crystal display device according to the embodiment of the present invention displays a color based on the corresponding wavelength.

In addition, in the liquid crystal display according to the embodiment of the present invention, light provided from the blue light source 510 is refracted by the red quantum dot (QD) particles 230RQD, the green quantum dot (QD) particles 230GQD, and the scattering particles 235 . , it has a wide viewing angle because the light propagates to the outside.

21 shows viewing angles of the light provided from the blue light source 510 and the light transmitted through the red color filter 230R and the green color filter 230G. The light passing through the red color filter 230R and the green color filter 230G is light that travels laterally while the direction of light is changed in the red quantum dot (QD) particles 230RQD and the green quantum dot (QD) particles 230GQD. As this increases, luminance of about 70% of the maximum luminance can be exhibited even at 60 degrees left and right as shown in FIG. 21 . On the other hand, in FIG. 21 , only the light from the blue light source 510 is shown, so that the viewing angle appears to be narrow. However, since the light that actually passes through the transparent color filter 230T is refracted and dispersed by the scattering particles 235, FIG. It has a viewing angle similar to that of red and green light. That is, in a general liquid crystal display device, the direction of light provided from the light source does not change, but when the color filter 230 including the phosphor is used as in the embodiment of the present invention, the phosphor (quantum dot particles or scattering particles, etc.) As a result, the propagation direction of the light is changed and the viewing angle from the side is improved.

Hereinafter, optical characteristics of the blue light transmitting layer 232 and the blue light blocking layer 231 will be described with reference to FIGS. 22 and 23 .

First, FIG. 22 shows the characteristics of the blue light blocking layer 231 . Since the blue light blocking layer 231 blocks blue light, it does not transmit it, but instead reflects blue light. That is, in FIG. 22 , transmittance and reflectance of the blue light blocking layer 231 are shown along with a wavelength spectrum corresponding to each color. As a result, the blue light blocking layer 231 transmits red and green light, but blocks and reflects blue light.

Meanwhile, FIG. 23 shows transmittance characteristics of the blue light transmitting layer 232 . Referring to FIG. 23, a characteristic of transmitting light adjacent to the center of 450 nm is illustrated. Other red and green wavelengths of light are blocked.

Based on the characteristics of FIGS. 22 and 23 , the blue light blocking layer 231 and the blue light transmitting layer 232 used in the embodiment of the present invention block blue light to display red and green light, respectively. is not included, and by blocking components other than blue light provided from the light source, the purity of light applied to the color filter 230 is improved.

Hereinafter, a method of preventing light mixing in the liquid crystal display according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to FIGS. 24 to 31 .

First, FIGS. 24 and 25 show characteristics of transmitted light according to an angle at which blue light is incident on the blue light transmitting layer 232 of the upper panel 200 .

In FIGS. 24 and 25 , when the incident angle is 0, it is vertically incident on the blue light transmitting layer 232 , and when it is 80, it is incident at an angle of 80 degrees with respect to the normal perpendicular to the blue light transmitting layer 232 . indicates.

FIG. 24 shows the wavelength change of transmitted light according to the incident angle, and FIG. 25 shows the transmittance of blue light according to the incident angle.

*

* In FIG. 24, when the angle of incidence is 0 degrees, the wavelength of the incident light maintains the blue wavelength band as it is, but as the angle of incidence increases, the wavelength of the incident light becomes relatively short, so that the blue light transmitting layer 232 cannot be transmitted. can As a result, only light incident perpendicularly (0 degree incidence angle) to the blue light transmitting layer 232 is transmitted, and when the incidence angle is large, the blue light transmitting layer 232 is not transmitted and is reflected and used for light recycling. In addition, in FIG. 25 , it can be seen that 90% of the light emitted from the blue light source 510 of the backlight unit 500 is transmitted when the incident angle is 0 degrees, but as the incident angle increases, the transmittance of the transmitted light is small, It can be seen that the rest are reflected.

Due to the characteristics of the blue light transmitting layer 232 as described above, only blue light is transmitted and light of other wavelengths (light incident at an angle more than a certain angle) is reflected, so that only light corresponding to the vertical is incident to the color filter 230 Avoid color mixing. That is, the mixed color refers to a case in which light passing through adjacent pixels is incident on the color filter 230 of the present pixel. Since this light is incident at an angle to the blue light transmitting layer 232 , it does not pass through the blue light transmitting layer 232 . It is not possible to prevent color mixing.

Hereinafter, color mixing will be described in more detail with reference to FIGS. 26 to 31 .

In FIG. 26, a layered relationship is shown in order to clearly examine the parallax. Various cases are shown in which light passing through the liquid crystal layer 3 of the lower panel 100 passes through the upper polarizing plate 21 and is incident on the color filter 230 , and the color expressed by the color of the color filter 230 passing through is shown. change That is, there is no problem when the light passes through the color filter 230 of the corresponding pixel, but when the light travels laterally, it passes through the adjacent color filter 230 and causes color mixing. In the embodiment of the present invention, although the blue light transmitting layer 232 prevents such color mixing to some extent, it is intended to obtain a numerical value capable of preventing color mixing regardless of the blue light transmitting layer 232 .

In the embodiment shown in FIG. 26 , the width of the color filter 230 is 105.5 μm in Wp, the width of the light blocking member 220 is 29 μm in Wb, the pixel per inch (PPI) is 63, and the pixel size ( The pixel size is 403.5 μm, and the sub pixel size is 134.5 μm.

In the embodiment of FIG. 26 , characteristics according to the vertical distance d and the divergence half angle between the color filter 230 and the liquid crystal layer 3 are illustrated in FIGS. 27 and 28 .

27 illustrates a change in light intensity with respect to a viewing angle according to a change in the vertical distance d between the color filter 230 and the liquid crystal layer 3 when the spreading angle is 80 degrees. . When the light intensity is 0, it means that the light is blocked by the light blocking member 220 at the corresponding viewing angle. do. Therefore, in FIG. 27 , the only case where the intensity is reduced is only when the vertical distance d between the color filter 230 and the liquid crystal layer 3 is 10 μm, and the vertical distance between the color filter 230 and the liquid crystal layer 3 is 10 μm. (d) clearly shows that the shorter it is, the less possibility of color mixing.

In addition, FIG. 28 shows the change in intensity of light with respect to the viewing angle according to the spreading angle in a state where the vertical distance d between the color filter 230 and the liquid crystal layer 3 is fixed to 200 μm. did it Also in the graph of FIG. 28 , when the intensity of light becomes 0 and then increases again, it means that the light travels to the adjacent color filter 230 , so the case where the intensity is constantly reduced is the case where color mixing does not occur. In this case too, it is only the case where the spreading angle is 20 degrees in FIG. 28, and it is clearly shown that the smaller the spreading angle, the less the possibility of color mixing.

Based on this content, the frequency of occurrence of color mixing according to the spreading angle is also shown in FIGS. 29 and 30 .

First, in FIG. 29 , when the PPI value is 63, measurements were made while changing the vertical distance d between the color filter 230 and the liquid crystal layer 3 . As shown in FIG. 29 , when color mixing does not occur, it can be seen that the vertical distance d between the color filter 230 and the liquid crystal layer 3 is only 10 μm.

In addition, in FIG. 30 , the vertical distance d between the color filter 230 and the liquid crystal layer 3 is fixed to 200 μm and the measurement is performed while changing the PPI. According to FIG. 30, all color mixing occurs, but it can be seen that as the spreading angle is small, the color mixing does not occur regardless of the PPI value. can be checked

In the present invention, the vertical distance d between the color filter 230 and the liquid crystal layer 3 is formed to be small in order to prevent color mixing. That is, referring to FIG. 2 , the upper polarizing plate 21 occupies the largest thickness between the color filter 230 and the liquid crystal layer 3 , and the thickness thereof is 100 to 200 μm. Therefore, in the embodiment of FIG. 2 of the present invention, the vertical distance d between the color filter 230 and the liquid crystal layer 3 can be seen as 100 to 200 μm, which is a vertical distance d because an insulating substrate is not formed therebetween. ) has the advantage of sharply decreasing.

As described above, how much color mixing can be improved by sharply reducing the vertical distance d between the color filter 230 and the liquid crystal layer 3 is illustrated in FIG. 31 .

In FIG. 31 , when the spreading angle is 80 degrees or less, the vertical distance d between the color filter 230 and the liquid crystal layer 3 is 500 μm or less, and the spreading angle is 55 degrees or less, the color filter 230 and the liquid crystal layer (3) Whether or not color mixing occurs when the vertical distance d between them is 100 μm or less is shown.

As shown in FIG. 31, when the vertical distance d between the color filter 230 and the liquid crystal layer 3 is 500 μm or less, color mixing occurs several times as the viewing angle changes, but the color filter ( 230) and the liquid crystal layer 3, when the vertical distance d is less than 100㎛, it can be seen that almost no color mixing occurs.

As shown in FIG. 31 , it can be seen that in the present invention, only the upper polarizing plate 21 is formed as a layer with a large thickness between the color filter 230 and the liquid crystal layer 3 to reduce the gap and prevent color mixing. have.

Hereinafter, another embodiment different from the embodiment of FIGS. 1 and 2 will be described with reference to FIGS. 32 to 35 .

First, another embodiment according to FIGS. 32 and 33 will be described.

32 is an exploded perspective view of a liquid crystal display according to another exemplary embodiment, and FIG. 33 is a cross-sectional view of the liquid crystal display according to the exemplary embodiment of FIG. 32 .

Unlike the embodiment of FIG. 1 , the embodiment of FIG. 32 includes an ultraviolet light source 510 ′ as a light source. As a result, the polarizers 11 ′ and 21 ′ have a characteristic of polarizing UV rays, and include a UV blocking layer 231 ′ and an UV transmission layer 232 ′ on the upper panel 200 . In addition, the quantum dot particles included in the color filter 230 ′ change the wavelength of ultraviolet light to red, green, and blue. In addition, in the embodiment of FIG. 32 , the upper polarizing plate 21 ′ is included in the upper display panel 200 .

32 , the liquid crystal display according to another exemplary embodiment of the present invention includes a lower panel 100 , an upper panel 200 , and a backlight unit 500 .

The backlight unit 500 includes an ultraviolet light source 510 ′ and a light guide plate 520 . The lower panel 100 positioned thereon includes a lower polarizing plate 11 ′, a lower substrate 110 , a wiring layer 111 , a liquid crystal layer 3 formed in the microcavity layer, and an upper insulating layer 310 . In addition, the upper display panel 200 positioned thereon includes an upper polarizing plate 21 ′, an upper substrate 210 , a UV blocking layer 231 ′, a color filter 230 ′, and an UV transmitting layer 232 ′. .

The liquid crystal display according to the embodiment of FIG. 32 will be described in more detail with reference to FIG. 33 .

First, the lower display panel 100 will be described with reference to FIG. 33 .

A wiring layer 111 including a thin film transistor (not shown) is formed on a substrate 110 made of transparent glass or plastic. The wiring layer 111 includes a gate line 121 , a sustain voltage line 131 , a gate insulating layer 140 , a data line (not shown), a protective layer (not shown), and a pixel electrode 190 , and the thin film transistor is It is connected to the gate line 121 and the data line. The structures of the pixel electrode 190 , the gate line 121 , and the data line formed on the wiring layer 111 may vary according to embodiments.

The gate line 121 and the storage voltage line 131 are positioned under the gate insulating layer 140 and are electrically isolated from each other, and the data line insulates and crosses the gate line 121 and the storage voltage line 131 . A gate electrode on the gate line 121 and a source electrode on the data line constitute a control terminal and an input terminal of the thin film transistor, respectively. Also, an output terminal (drain electrode) of the thin film transistor is connected to the pixel electrode 190 , and the pixel electrode 190 is insulated from the gate line 121 , the storage voltage line 131 , and the data line.

A support layer 311 is positioned on the pixel electrode 190 and the passivation layer. The support layer 311 serves to support the inside of the support layer 311 and to form a space (hereinafter referred to as a microcavity layer (referred to as 305 in FIG. 11 ) above the pixel electrode 190 and the passivation layer). The cross-section of the support layer 311 according to the example has a trapezoidal shape, and may have a liquid crystal injection hole on one side to allow liquid crystal to be put into the microcavity layer 305. The support layer 311 is made of silicon nitride (SiNx), etc. of inorganic insulating material.

In addition, an alignment layer 12 is formed inside the support layer 311 , on the pixel electrode 190 , and on the passivation layer in order to align the liquid crystal molecules injected into the microcavity layer 305 . The alignment layer 12 may include at least one of materials generally used as a liquid crystal alignment layer, such as polyamic acid, polysiloxane, or polyimide.

A liquid crystal layer 3 is formed inside the alignment layer 12 of the microcavity layer 305 , and the liquid crystal molecules 31 are initially arranged by the alignment layer 12 . The liquid crystal layer 3 may have a thickness of about 5 to 6 μm.

A light blocking member BM 220 is formed between the adjacent supporting layers 311 . The light blocking member 220 includes a material that does not transmit light, has an opening, and the opening may correspond to the microcavity layer 305 .

A common electrode 270 is formed on the support layer 311 and the light blocking member 220 . The common electrode 270 and the pixel electrode 190 are formed of a transparent conductive material such as ITO or IZO, and generate an electric field to control the alignment direction of the liquid crystal molecules 31 .

A planarization layer 312 is formed on the common electrode 270 . The planarization layer 312 is a layer for removing a step generated on the common electrode 270 due to the light blocking member 220 , and may include an organic material.

A patterned insulating layer 313 is formed on the planarization layer 312 . The patterned insulating layer 313 may include an inorganic insulating material such as silicon nitride (SiNx). The planarization layer 312 and the patterned insulating layer 313 are patterned together with the support layer 311 to form the liquid crystal injection hole 335 . In some embodiments, the patterned insulating layer 313 may also be omitted. In FIG. 32 , the support layer 311 , the planarization layer 312 , and the patterned insulating layer 313 are combined to form one upper insulating layer 310 .

Meanwhile, a lower polarizing plate 11 ′ is attached to the rear surface of the substrate 110 . The lower polarizing plate 11' also transmits only one polarization direction among ultraviolet rays. In addition, the lower polarizing plate 11 ′ does not need to be formed thin, and includes a polarizing element that generates polarized light and a TAC (Tri-acetyl-cellulose) layer for securing durability.

Hereinafter, the upper display panel 200 will be described.

*

* The upper panel 200 is positioned on the patterned insulating layer 313 .

Referring to FIGS. 33 and 34 , the upper panel 200 has an ultraviolet blocking layer 231 ′ formed under the upper substrate 210 made of transparent glass or plastic. The UV blocking layer 231 ′ is all formed on the pixel area displaying blue, red, and green colors. The UV blocking layer 231 ′ may be formed by alternately stacking at least two layers having different refractive indices, and transmits wavelengths except for the UV wavelength band and blocks the UV wavelength band. The blocked UV rays may be reflected and light recycling may be performed. The UV blocking layer 231 ′ serves to block light emitted from the UV light source 510 ′ from being directly emitted to the outside.

An upper light blocking member 221 is formed under the upper substrate 210 and the UV blocking layer 231 ′. The upper light blocking member 221 also has an opening, and a color filter 230 ′ corresponding to a color displayed by a corresponding pixel is formed in each opening.

First, a red color filter 230R' is formed in a red pixel, a green color filter 230G' is formed in a green pixel, and a blue color filter 230B' is formed in a blue pixel.

The red color filter 230R' may include red quantum dot (QD) particles 230RQD', and converts light of a wavelength provided from the ultraviolet light source 510' into red.

In addition, the green color filter 230G' may include green quantum dot (QD) particles 230GQD', and converts light of a wavelength provided from the ultraviolet light source 510' into green.

In addition, the blue color filter 230B' may include blue quantum dot (QD) particles 230BQD', and converts light of a wavelength provided from the ultraviolet light source 510' into blue.

In an embodiment of the present invention, the light provided from the ultraviolet light source 510' of the backlight is emitted from red quantum dot (QD) particles 230RQD, green quantum dot (QD) particles 230GQD, and blue quantum dot (QD) particles 230BQD'. After being converted into red, green, and blue light, respectively, they are emitted to the outside to display an image, so the direction of light emitted to the outside is wide and the gradation of the light does not change depending on the location, so a wide viewing angle can be obtained.

An upper planarization layer 250 is formed under the upper light blocking member 221 , the red color filter 230R′, the green color filter 230G′, and the blue color filter 230B′. The upper planarization layer 250 may be formed of an organic material, and may be omitted in some embodiments.

An ultraviolet transmitting layer 232 ′ is formed under the upper planarization layer 250 , and is formed in all pixel areas like the ultraviolet blocking layer 231 ′. The UV transmission layer 232 ′ may also be formed by alternately stacking at least two layers having different refractive indices, and transmits only the UV wavelength band and blocks other wavelength bands. Light of the blocked wavelength band may be reflected and light recycling may be performed.

An upper polarizing plate 21' is positioned under the UV-transmissive layer 232'. The upper polarizing plate 21 ′ transmits only one polarization direction among ultraviolet rays. In addition, the upper polarizing plate 21 ′ is preferably formed thinly, and may have a thickness of 150 to 200 μm. The upper polarizing plate 21 includes a polarizing element that generates polarized light and a tri-acetyl-cellulose (TAC) layer for securing durability.

The lower panel 100 is positioned under the upper polarizer 21 ′, so that the patterned insulating layer 313 , which is the uppermost layer of the lower panel 100 , and the upper polarizer 21 ′ are directly attached to each other or have a separate adhesive. It can also be bonded through.

Comparing the embodiments of FIGS. 1 and 32 , it can be seen that the upper polarizers 21 and 21' are included in the upper panel or the lower panel, and the upper panel is located on the upper portions of the upper polarizers 21 and 21', It may be said that the lower panel is positioned below the upper polarizers 21 and 21'.

Referring again to FIG. 32 , the backlight unit 500 is positioned under the lower polarizing plate 11 , and the backlight unit includes an ultraviolet light source 510 ′ and a light guide plate 520 . It is an upper portion of the light guide plate 520 , and a plurality of optical films may be formed under the lower polarizing plate 11 , although not illustrated.

According to the liquid crystal display device as described above, since the substrate is not additionally included, the thickness thereof is thin. As a result, in the liquid crystal display according to the embodiment of the present invention, the gap between the color filter 230 ′ of the upper panel 200 and the liquid crystal layer 3 of the lower panel 100 is narrower than that of a general case, and there is little possibility of color mixing. .

In addition, the liquid crystal display according to the embodiment of the present invention has a wide viewing angle characteristic because the direction in which light travels is wider by using the quantum dot (QD) color filter 230 ′.

Hereinafter, another embodiment according to FIGS. 34 and 35 will be described.

34 is an exploded perspective view of a liquid crystal display according to another exemplary embodiment, and FIG. 35 is a cross-sectional view of the liquid crystal display according to the exemplary embodiment of FIG. 34 .

34 and 35 include an ultraviolet light source 510 ′ as a light source, unlike the embodiment of FIG. 1 . The lower polarizing plate 11 ′ has a characteristic of polarizing ultraviolet rays, and the upper polarizing plate 21-1 has metal wires 21-2 such as aluminum positioned at intervals of 100 nm or less to reduce the thickness of the upper polarizing plate 21-1 to polarize light. have characteristics. 34 and 35 do not form the upper polarizing plate 21, but instead use a polarizing plate including a metal wire, so that the thickness of the polarizing plate can be reduced to about 5 to 10 μm, which greatly reduces the possibility of color mixing. There is this.

In addition, a UV blocking layer 231 ′ is included in the upper panel 200 . In addition, the quantum dot particles included in the color filter 230 ′ change the wavelength of ultraviolet light to red, green, and blue. In addition, in the embodiment of FIGS. 34 and 35 , all layers are stacked on one substrate to constitute one display panel.

34 and 35 , a liquid crystal display according to another exemplary embodiment of the present invention includes a display panel 100 ′ and a backlight unit 500 .

The backlight unit 500 includes an ultraviolet light source 510 ′ and a light guide plate 520 . The display panel 100 ′ positioned thereon includes a lower polarizing plate 11 ′, a lower substrate 110 , a wiring layer 111 , a liquid crystal layer 3 formed in the microcavity layer, an upper insulating layer 310 , and an upper polarizing plate 21 . -1), a color filter 230', and a UV blocking layer 231'. In the embodiment of FIGS. 35 and 36 , unlike the embodiment of FIG. 33 , the ultraviolet transmitting layer is omitted.

The liquid crystal display according to the embodiment of FIG. 34 will be described in more detail with reference to FIG. 35 .

The integrated display panel 100 ′ will be described with reference to FIG. 35 .

A wiring layer 111 including a thin film transistor (not shown) is formed on a substrate 110 made of transparent glass or plastic. The wiring layer 111 includes a gate line 121 , a sustain voltage line 131 , a gate insulating layer 140 , a data line (not shown), a protective layer (not shown), and a pixel electrode 190 , and the thin film transistor is It is connected to the gate line 121 and the data line. The structures of the pixel electrode 190 , the gate line 121 , and the data line formed on the wiring layer 111 may vary according to embodiments.

The gate line 121 and the storage voltage line 131 are positioned under the gate insulating layer 140 and are electrically isolated from each other, and the data line insulates and crosses the gate line 121 and the storage voltage line 131 . A gate electrode on the gate line 121 and a source electrode on the data line constitute a control terminal and an input terminal of the thin film transistor, respectively. Also, an output terminal (drain electrode) of the thin film transistor is connected to the pixel electrode 190 , and the pixel electrode 190 is insulated from the gate line 121 , the storage voltage line 131 , and the data line.

A support layer 311 is positioned on the pixel electrode 190 and the passivation layer. The support layer 311 serves to support the inside of the support layer 311 and to form a space (hereinafter referred to as a microcavity layer (referred to as 305 in FIG. 11 ) above the pixel electrode 190 and the passivation layer). The cross-section of the support layer 311 according to the example has a trapezoidal shape, and may have a liquid crystal injection hole on one side to allow liquid crystal to be put into the microcavity layer 305. The support layer 311 is made of silicon nitride (SiNx), etc. of inorganic insulating material.

In addition, an alignment layer 12 is formed inside the support layer 311 , on the pixel electrode 190 , and on the passivation layer in order to align the liquid crystal molecules injected into the microcavity layer 305 . The alignment layer 12 may include at least one of materials generally used as a liquid crystal alignment layer, such as polyamic acid, polysiloxane, or polyimide.

A liquid crystal layer 3 is formed inside the alignment layer 12 of the microcavity layer 305 , and the liquid crystal molecules 31 are initially arranged by the alignment layer 12 . The liquid crystal layer 3 may have a thickness of about 5 to 6 μm.

A light blocking member BM 220 is formed between the adjacent supporting layers 311 . The light blocking member 220 includes a material that does not transmit light, has an opening, and the opening may correspond to the microcavity layer 305 .

A common electrode 270 is formed on the support layer 311 and the light blocking member 220 . The common electrode 270 and the pixel electrode 190 are formed of a transparent conductive material such as ITO or IZO, and generate an electric field to control the alignment direction of the liquid crystal molecules 31 .

A planarization layer 312 is formed on the common electrode 270 . The planarization layer 312 is a layer for removing a step generated on the common electrode 270 due to the light blocking member 220 , and may include an organic material.

A patterned insulating layer 313 is formed on the planarization layer 312 . The patterned insulating layer 313 may include an inorganic insulating material such as silicon nitride (SiNx). The planarization layer 312 and the patterned insulating layer 313 are patterned together with the support layer 311 to form the liquid crystal injection hole 335 . In some embodiments, the patterned insulating layer 313 may also be omitted. In FIG. 34 , the support layer 311 , the planarization layer 312 , and the patterned insulating layer 313 are combined to form one upper insulating layer 310 .

An upper polarizing plate 21-1 is positioned on the patterned insulating layer 313 . In order to reduce the thickness of the upper polarizing plate 21-1, metal wires 21-2 such as aluminum are positioned at intervals of 100 nm or less, and thus have a characteristic of polarizing light. 34 and 35 do not form the upper polarizing plate 21, but instead use a polarizing plate including a metal wire, so that the thickness of the polarizing plate can be reduced to about 5 to 10 μm, which greatly reduces the possibility of color mixing. There is this.

An upper light blocking member 221 is formed on the upper polarizing plate 21-1. The upper light blocking member 221 also has an opening, and a color filter 230 ′ corresponding to a color displayed by a corresponding pixel is formed in each opening.

First, a red color filter 230R' is formed in a red pixel, a green color filter 230G' is formed in a green pixel, and a blue color filter 230B' is formed in a blue pixel.

The red color filter 230R' may include red quantum dot (QD) particles 230RQD', and converts light of a wavelength provided from the ultraviolet light source 510' into red.

In addition, the green color filter 230G' may include green quantum dot (QD) particles 230GQD', and converts light of a wavelength provided from the ultraviolet light source 510' into green.

In addition, the blue color filter 230B' may include blue quantum dot (QD) particles 230BQD', and converts light of a wavelength provided from the ultraviolet light source 510' into blue.

In an embodiment of the present invention, the light provided from the ultraviolet light source 510' of the backlight is emitted from red quantum dot (QD) particles 230RQD, green quantum dot (QD) particles 230GQD, and blue quantum dot (QD) particles 230BQD'. After being converted into red, green, and blue light, respectively, they are emitted to the outside to display an image, so the direction of light emitted to the outside is wide and the gradation of the light does not change depending on the location, so a wide viewing angle can be obtained.

An upper planarization layer 250 is formed on the upper light blocking member 221 , the red color filter 230R′, the green color filter 230G′, and the blue color filter 230B′. The upper planarization layer 250 may be formed of an organic material, and may be omitted in some embodiments.

A UV blocking layer 231 ′ is formed on the upper planarization layer 250 . The UV blocking layer 231 ′ is all formed on the pixel area displaying blue, red, and green colors. The UV blocking layer 231 ′ may be formed by alternately stacking at least two layers having different refractive indices, and transmits wavelengths except for the UV wavelength band and blocks the UV wavelength band. The blocked UV rays may be reflected and light recycling may be performed. The UV blocking layer 231 ′ serves to block light emitted from the UV light source 510 ′ from being directly emitted to the outside.

Meanwhile, a lower polarizing plate 11 ′ is attached to the rear surface of the substrate 110 . The lower polarizing plate 11' also transmits only one polarization direction among ultraviolet rays. In addition, the lower polarizing plate 11 ′ does not need to be formed thin, and includes a polarizing element that generates polarized light and a tri-acetyl-cellulose (TAC) layer for securing durability.

Referring again to FIG. 34 , the backlight unit 500 is positioned under the lower polarizing plate 11 , and the backlight unit includes an ultraviolet light source 510 ′ and a light guide plate 520 . It is an upper portion of the light guide plate 520 , and a plurality of optical films may be formed under the lower polarizing plate 11 , although not illustrated.

That is, in the embodiments of FIGS. 34 and 35 , the thickness of the entire liquid crystal display is reduced by using only one substrate 110 , and the upper polarizing plate 21 is positioned between the liquid crystal layer 3 and the color filter 230 ′. This is an embodiment in which the possibility of color mixing is greatly reduced by changing -1) to a structure including metal wiring to greatly reduce the thickness.

In addition, the liquid crystal display according to the embodiment of the present invention has a wide viewing angle characteristic because the direction in which light travels is wider by using the quantum dot (QD) color filter 230 ′.

Although the preferred embodiment of the present invention has been described in detail above, the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and various modifications and improvements by those skilled in the art using the basic concept of the present invention as defined in the following claims are also provided. is within the scope of the

100: lower display panel 100': integrated display panel
11, 11', 21, 21', 21-1: Polarizing plate 12: Alignment layer
21-2: metal wiring 110, 210: insulated substrate
111: wiring layer 200: upper display panel
220, 221: light blocking member 230, 230': color filter
230T: transparent color filter 235: scattering particles
231: blue light blocking layer 231-1: opening
232: blue light transmitting layer 190: pixel electrode
231': UV blocking layer 232': UV transmitting layer
250: upper planarization layer 270: common electrode
3: liquid crystal layer 300: sacrificial layer
305: microcavity 31: liquid crystal molecules
310: upper insulating layer 311: support layer
312: planarization layer 313: patterned insulating layer
335: liquid crystal injection hole 340: coating layer
500: backlight unit 510: blue light source
510': ultraviolet light source 520: light guide plate

Claims (20)

a first substrate and a second substrate facing and overlapping each other;
a first light blocking member positioned on the first substrate;
a color filter disposed on the second substrate and including a first color filter including red quantum dots, a second color filter including green quantum dots, and a third color filter including a transparent material;
a second light blocking member positioned on the second substrate and positioned between adjacent color filters; and
a filler positioned between the first light blocking member and the second light blocking member;
A display device in which the first light blocking member and the second light blocking member overlap each other.
In claim 1,
The display device further includes a wiring layer disposed on the first substrate;
The wiring layer is
gate lines and data lines that are insulated from each other and intersect;
a thin film transistor connected to the gate line and the data line;
and a pixel electrode connected to the thin film transistor.
In claim 2,
and a common electrode overlapping the pixel electrode.
In claim 3,
and a planarization layer disposed on the common electrode.
In claim 4,
The planarization layer includes an organic material.
In claim 4,
and an insulating layer disposed on the planarization layer.
In claim 6,
The insulating layer includes an inorganic material.
In claim 1,
The second light blocking member has an opening,
Any one of the first color filter, the second color filter, and the third color filter is positioned in the opening.
In claim 1,
A display device in which blue light is incident on the first color filter, the second color filter, and the third color filter.
In claim 1,
and a blue light blocking layer overlapping the first color filter.
In claim 10,
The blue light blocking layer has an opening, and the opening overlaps the third color filter.
In claim 1,
and a blue light blocking layer overlapping the second color filter.
In claim 12,
The blue light blocking layer has an opening, and the opening overlaps the third color filter.
a thin film transistor and a pixel electrode positioned on a first substrate;
a common electrode overlapping the pixel electrode;
a first light blocking member positioned between the adjacent pixel electrodes;
a planarization layer positioned on the first light blocking member;
a color filter disposed on the planarization layer and including a first color filter including red quantum dots, a second color filter including green quantum dots, and a third color filter including a transparent material; and
a second light blocking member positioned between adjacent color filters;
A display device in which the first light blocking member and the second light blocking member overlap each other.
15. In claim 14,
The planarization layer overlaps the entire surface of the first substrate.
15. In claim 14,
The planarization layer includes an organic material.
15. In claim 14,
The planarization layer is a first planarization layer,
The display device further comprising a second planarization layer disposed on the first planarization layer.
In claim 17,
The second planarization layer includes an organic material.
In claim 17,
Further comprising an insulating layer positioned between the first planarization layer and the second planarization layer,
The insulating layer includes an inorganic material.
15. In claim 14,
Further comprising a blue light blocking layer overlapping the first color filter,
The blue light blocking layer has an opening, and the opening overlaps the third color filter.

Images