KR102599335B1 - Extinguishing Agent Built-in Type Battery Module - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a battery module in which a battery and a fire extinguishing agent are built into one housing, comprising: a housing portion (100) that provides a sealed accommodation space; A gel-type lower extinguishing agent (200) filled in the lower part of the housing portion (100); A battery 300 installed in the center of the housing 100 and located above the lower fire extinguishing agent 200; a battery supporter 400 supporting the lower part of the battery 300; And, a gel-type upper fire extinguishing agent 500 filled in the upper part of the housing portion 100; When heat is generated due to a fire, the lower fire extinguishing agent 200 and the upper fire extinguishing agent ( The fluidity of 500 increases, the battery support 400 collapses as it melts in the heat, the force supporting the battery 300 is removed, and the battery 300 descends to contact the lower fire extinguishing agent 200. It is submerged, and the upper extinguishing agent 500 flows down and covers the upper part of the battery 300, enabling early extinguishment of the battery module itself in the event of a fire.

Description

Battery module with built-in fire extinguishing agent {Extinguishing Agent Built-in Type Battery Module}

The present invention is characterized in that a fire extinguishing agent is built into the battery module together with the battery, so that in the event of a fire, the fire can be extinguished within the battery module itself.

Currently commercialized secondary batteries include nickel cadmium batteries, nickel hydrogen batteries, nickel zinc batteries, and lithium secondary batteries. Among these, lithium secondary batteries have little memory effect compared to nickel-based secondary batteries, so they can be freely charged and discharged. is in the spotlight because of its advantages, very low self-discharge rate, and high energy density.

These lithium secondary batteries mainly use lithium-based oxide and carbon material as the positive and negative electrode active materials, respectively. The positive and negative electrode plates coated with the positive and negative electrode active materials, respectively, are disposed with a separator in between to form an electrode assembly, The exterior material seals and stores this electrode assembly together with the electrolyte.

Lithium secondary batteries are widely used not only in small devices such as portable electronic devices, but also in medium-to-large devices such as automobiles and power storage devices. When used in such medium-to-large devices, a large number of secondary batteries are used electrically to increase capacity and output. They are connected to form a battery module.

Battery modules used in medium-to-large devices such as automobiles are equipped with a large number of secondary batteries, so when each secondary battery ignites or explodes, heat or flame is transferred to adjacent secondary batteries, causing a secondary explosion. As such, efforts are being made to prevent secondary ignition or explosion. In particular, with the development of new fire extinguishing agents that can extinguish fires at an early stage, they can extinguish fires inside the battery module and prevent the spread of flames. Efforts to develop technology to prevent car explosions are continuously being made.

[Prior art literature]

Registered Patent No. 10-2064416

Registered Patent No. 10-2149439

Registered Patent No. 10-2199513

Public Patent No. 10-2020-0096563

The purpose of the present invention is to provide a new concept of a battery module that has a fire extinguishing agent built into the battery module, enabling early extinguishment of the battery module itself in the event of a fire.

The technical structure of the present invention created to achieve the above purpose is as follows.

The present invention relates to a battery module in which a battery and a fire extinguishing agent are built into one housing, comprising: a housing portion (100) that provides a sealed accommodation space; A gel-type lower extinguishing agent (200) filled in the lower part of the housing portion (100); A battery 300 installed in the center of the housing 100 and located above the lower fire extinguishing agent 200; a battery supporter 400 supporting the lower part of the battery 300; And, a gel-type upper fire extinguishing agent 500 filled in the upper part of the housing portion 100; When heat is generated due to a fire, the lower fire extinguishing agent 200 and the upper fire extinguishing agent ( The fluidity of 500 increases, the battery support 400 collapses as it melts in the heat, the force supporting the battery 300 is removed, and the battery 300 descends to contact the lower fire extinguishing agent 200. It is submerged, and the upper extinguishing agent (500) flows down and covers the upper part of the battery (300).

According to the configuration of the present invention, a fire extinguishing agent is built into the battery module, enabling early extinguishment of the battery module itself in the event of a fire.

In other words, when heat is generated from a fire, the fluidity of the lower fire extinguishing agent 200 and the upper fire extinguishing agent 500 increases, and the battery support 400, which supported the lower part of the battery 300, melts in the heat and collapses, causing the battery to collapse. The force supporting (300) is removed, so the battery (300) naturally lowers and comes into contact with or is submerged in the lower fire extinguishing agent (200), and the upper fire extinguishing agent (500) with increased fluidity also flows down to the upper part of the battery (300). Fires can be extinguished early by covering the sides. That is, the entire battery 300 is completely submerged in the fire extinguishing agent in the internal space of the housing portion 100, and the fire is extinguished safely and quickly.

Figure 1 shows the cross-sectional structure of the present invention.
Figure 2 shows another specific embodiment of the present invention.

Hereinafter, specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

The present invention relates to a battery module in which a battery and a fire extinguishing agent are built into one enclosure. As shown in FIG. 1, the battery 300 is installed in the inner space of the housing portion 100, and the remaining space is occupied by the lower fire extinguishing agent 200. ) and the upper fire extinguishing agent (500), and when a fire occurs, the battery (300) sinks into the lower fire extinguishing agent (200) and at the same time, the upper fire extinguishing agent (500) covers the top and sides of the battery (300) and extinguishes it early. It is characterized by being possible.

The housing portion 100 provides a sealed accommodating space, and although not shown in detail in the accompanying drawings, it may be composed of a main body providing the accommodating space and a cover covering the open upper part. In some cases, the side rather than the top of the main body may be open and the cover may cover the open side.

When composed of a body and a cover, the area where the cover and the body come into contact must be properly sealed to maintain watertightness and airtightness. Various sealing structures that are already commercialized can be used for this purpose.

As for the means of fixing the body and the cover, generally commercially available bolts or nuts can be used, or alternative means can be selected.

In other words, the housing part 100 is not particularly limited in its shape or size as long as it has a structure that can be sealed after installing the main components of the present invention therein, and can be manufactured in various sizes and shapes.

The lower extinguishing agent 200 is of a gel type and fills the lower space of the housing portion 100.

The battery 300 is installed in the central part of the housing portion 100 and is located above the lower fire extinguishing agent 200.

The battery 300 may be a lithium battery or other various types of batteries, and the type, standard, or format of the battery is not particularly limited, but the external shape of the battery 300 and the internal shape of the housing portion 100 are different from each other. It is desirable to have a shape suitable for pairing.

This battery 300 may be coated on all or part of its outer surface with polyurea. When the outer surface of the battery 300 is coated with polyurea, which has waterproof and bulletproof functions, oxygen is primarily blocked. This effect can prevent the occurrence or spread of fire.

In addition, polyurea, which has high mechanical strength, not only protects the battery 300 from external shocks, such as in a car accident, but also prevents the shock from being transmitted directly to the battery 300 through a buffering effect, thereby preventing the shock from occurring. Fire occurrence can be effectively prevented.

The battery support 400 supports the lower part of the battery 300, and is a rod-shaped member installed across the lower part of the battery 300. It can be made of various types of synthetic resins that can easily melt when heat is applied.

This battery support 400 must be coupled to or mounted on the inner side of the housing portion 100, and the inner side of the housing portion 100 has appropriate grooves or protrusions into which the battery support 400 can be coupled or mounted. It is preferable that both ends of the battery support 400 have a shape suitable for pairing corresponding to the shape of the groove or protrusion.

In some cases, a rod-shaped member is used and combined to penetrate the housing portion 100 (a structure in which both ends of the battery supporter 400 are mounted so that they pass through the end face of the housing portion 100) and then attached to the housing portion 100. A method of sealing the formed hole with an appropriate cap may be applied.

The upper extinguishing agent 500 is of a gel type and is filled in the upper part of the housing portion 100.

When heat is generated from a fire, the fluidity of the lower fire extinguishing agent 200 and the upper fire extinguishing agent 500 increases, and the battery support 400, which supported the lower part of the battery 300, melts in the heat and collapses, causing the battery 300 to collapse. The force that supported is removed.

When the force supporting the battery 300 is removed, the battery 300 naturally lowers and comes into contact with or is locked in the lower fire extinguishing agent 200, and the upper fire extinguishing agent 500 with increased fluidity also flows down to the upper part of the battery 300. Fires can be extinguished early by covering the and sides.

That is, the entire battery 300 is completely submerged in the fire extinguishing agent in the internal space of the housing portion 100, and the fire is extinguished safely and quickly.

The lower synthetic resin sheet 250 covers the upper part of the lower fire extinguishing agent 200, and the upper synthetic resin sheet 550 covers the lower part of the upper fire extinguishing agent 500. In a normal state in which a fire does not occur, the fire extinguishing agent is placed in the battery 300. It also serves to protect the lower fire extinguishing agent (200) and the upper fire extinguishing agent (500) while preventing them from coming into direct contact.

When heat is generated in a fire, the lower synthetic resin sheet 250 and the upper synthetic resin sheet 550 easily melt and the battery 300 comes into contact with or is locked in the lower fire extinguishing agent 200 and the upper fire extinguishing agent 500.

The upper reinforcement 600 is made up of a plurality of vertical partitions that intersect each other and is installed in the upper space of the battery 300 to reinforce the structural strength of the housing portion 100.

That is, it serves to prevent the battery 300 from being damaged by external shock.

The upper reinforcement 600 can be made of various materials (metal or synthetic resin) as long as it can maintain appropriate strength, and its type is not particularly limited. Additionally, the specific pattern of the grid is not limited to that shown in Figure 1, and various patterns may be applied.

When such an upper reinforcement 600 is installed, the upper fire extinguishing agent 500 is installed to fill the empty spaces divided by the vertical partition of the upper reinforcement 600, and the upper fire extinguishing agent 500 is applied to every empty space partitioned by the partition wall. ) may be filled, and some empty spaces may not be filled.

The upper extinguishing agent 500 and the lower extinguishing agent 200 are of a gel type, and the main components of each include urea; calcium chloride; calcium carbonate; gelatin; VC[Vanadium Carbide]; sodium chloride; and, water; etc. are included.

In more detail, each of the upper fire extinguishing agent 500 and the lower fire extinguishing agent 200 includes urea; calcium chloride; calcium carbonate; gelatin; VC[Vanadium Carbide]; soil; magnesium silicate; potassium silicate; sodium chloride; and water; and the soil is either white clay or red clay, or a mixture thereof, and is manufactured through the following process.

(1) Stage 1

water; and soil; are mixed, then precipitated, and the supernatant of the precipitated mixture (solution excluding the sediment settling in the lower layer) is taken into another container to prepare the first solution.

The soil is either white clay or red clay, or a mixture thereof, and is mixed at a ratio of 100 parts by weight of water: 2 to 25 parts by weight of soil. After adding the soil, stirring for 3 minutes and leaving for 10 minutes are performed. After repeating the process several times, stir for an additional 3 minutes and leave for 5 minutes to allow precipitation to occur. Then, only the supernatant without sediment is taken into another container to prepare the first solution, and the lower layer with sediment is discarded without use. do.

(2) Second stage

This is a process of preparing a second solution by dissolving gelatin in the first solution prepared in the first step.

In the second step, 100 parts by weight of the first solution are mixed at a ratio of 2 to 10 parts by weight of gelatin. While maintaining the temperature of the first solution at 25 to 35 ℃, powdered gelatin is divided and added at different times, and 500 parts by weight are mixed. It consists of stirring at 800 rpm for 2 to 3 hours.

As gelatin is added, the second solution becomes somewhat viscous.

(3) Third stage

This is a process of preparing a third solution by dissolving sodium chloride in the second solution prepared in the second step.

In the third step, 100 parts by weight of the second solution and 10 to 15 parts by weight of sodium chloride are mixed, and sodium chloride is sufficiently dissolved in the second solution.

(4) Step 4

This is a process of preparing a fourth solution by dissolving urea in the third solution prepared in the third step.

In the fourth step, 100 parts by weight of the third solution and 3 to 15 parts by weight of urea are mixed, and the urea is sufficiently dissolved in the third solution.

(4) Step 5

Calcium chloride in the fourth solution prepared in the fourth step; potassium silicate; and a process of preparing a fifth solution by dissolving magnesium silicate.

In the fifth step, 100 parts by weight of the third solution: 1 to 10 parts by weight of calcium chloride: 2 to 20 parts by weight of potassium silicate: 2 to 15 parts by weight of magnesium silicate are mixed, and calcium chloride, potassium silicate, and magnesium silicate are added to the fourth solution. Dissolve sufficiently.

(5) Step 6

This is the process of preparing the sixth solution by dissolving VC [Vanadium Carbide] in the fifth solution prepared in the fifth step.

In the sixth step, 100 parts by weight of the fifth solution: 1 to 10 parts by weight of VC are mixed, and VC is sufficiently dissolved in the fifth solution.

(7) Step 7

This is a process of preparing a seventh solution by dissolving calcium carbonate in the sixth solution prepared in the sixth step.

In the seventh step, 100 parts by weight of the sixth solution are mixed at a ratio of 1.3 parts by weight of calcium carbonate, and the calcium carbonate is sufficiently dissolved in the sixth solution.

The fire extinguishing agent for lithium batteries prepared in this way includes urea; calcium chloride; calcium carbonate; gelatin; VC; Soil (either white clay or red clay, or a mixture thereof); magnesium silicate; potassium silicate; sodium chloride; and water; and the function of each component is as follows.

Urea [(NH ₂ ) ₂ CO] can play an auxiliary function in the removal of halogen-type harmful gases.

In solid urea [(NH ₂ ) ₂ CO], the oxygen center is involved in two NHO hydrogen bonds. As a result, the dense and energetically favorable hydrogen bond network probably plays a role in efficient film formation.

Calcium chloride [CaCl ₂ ] acts as a catalyst for the formation of a surface coating film during pest control operations.

Calcium chloride [CaCl ₂ ] is used to prevent ice formation and make ice by lowering the freezing point of water. Calcium chloride is relatively harmless to plants and soil. It is much more effective at lower temperatures than sodium chloride as a de-icer. Calcium chloride solutions can prevent freezing at temperatures as low as -52°C (-62°F).

Calcium carbonate [CaCO ₃ ] acts as a reaction catalyst during pest control operations.

It reacts with acid to release carbon dioxide and water (steam).

Gelatin creates viscosity. Captures halogens generated as harmful gases during high-temperature control work. Gelatin is a collection of peptides and proteins produced by partially hydrolyzing collagen extracted from the skin, bones, and connective tissues of animals such as cattle, chickens, pigs, and fish.

VC [Vanadium Carbide] forms a film on the surface of combustible materials during high-temperature control work, primarily blocking oxygen and secondarily preventing combustion of combustible materials.

VC is used as an additive in cemented carbide alloys to improve hardness by refining carbide crystals.

In soil [either white clay or red clay, or a mixture thereof], during high-temperature control activities, various components of red clay or white clay form a film on combustible materials, blocking oxygen and preventing further ignition of combustible materials.

Magnesium Silicate catalyzes the reaction between atoms and molecules during pest control work, forms a film on combustible materials at high temperatures, blocks oxygen, and burns ignited combustible materials.

Magnesium Silicate forms a film on combustible materials at high temperatures during pest control work, blocking oxygen and burning the material where the fire occurred.

Potassium silicate [K ₂ SiO ₃ ] forms a film on fire materials at high temperatures, blocking oxygen and causing fire.

Potassium silicate forms a film on flammable substances at high temperatures, blocking oxygen and burning ignitable substances.

Sodium chloride [NaCl] is the main material of fire extinguishers used for combustible metal fires such as magnesium, potassium, sodium and NaK alloys. When placed on fire, salt forms a crust that blocks oxygen and extinguishes the fire.

Water [H ₂ O] serves as a basic solvent for fire extinguishing agents, and tap water or purified water is used.

Figure 2 shows another specific embodiment of the present invention, in which the battery 300 is installed in the lower part of the housing part 100, and the remaining space (center and upper part) of the housing part 100 is filled with the upper fire extinguishing agent 500. ), when heat is generated due to a fire, the fluidity of the upper fire extinguishing agent 500 increases and flows down, causing the entire battery 300 to be submerged in the upper fire extinguishing agent 500.

In the case of FIG. 2 , as in the case of FIG. 1 , the battery 300 may have all or part of its outer surface coated with polyurea.

In the case of the specific embodiment shown in Figure 2, although not separately shown, an upper reinforcement 600 may be provided in the space filled with the upper fire extinguishing agent 500 as in the case of Figure 1, and the battery 300 and the upper fire extinguishing agent may be provided. An upper synthetic resin sheet 500 may be provided between the drugs 500.

In addition, although not separately shown, a battery module in which all or part of the outer surface of the battery 300 is coated with polyurea may be used individually without being installed inside the housing unit.

As described above, specific embodiments of the present invention have been described with reference to the accompanying drawings, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not necessarily limited to these embodiments, and various design changes and notices may be made without changing the technical gist of the present invention. It is clear that addition or deletion of technology, simple numerical limitation, etc. fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

100: Housing part
200: Lower extinguishing agent
250: Lower synthetic resin sheet
300:Battery
400: Battery support
500: Upper extinguishing agent
550: Upper synthetic resin sheet
600: Upper reinforcement

Claims (7)

It relates to a battery module in which a battery and fire extinguishing agent are built into one enclosure,
A housing portion 100 providing a sealed accommodation space;
A gel-type lower extinguishing agent (200) filled in the lower part of the housing portion (100);
A battery 300 installed in the center of the housing 100 and located above the lower fire extinguishing agent 200;
a battery supporter 400 supporting the lower part of the battery 300;
A gel-type upper extinguishing agent (500) filled in the upper part of the housing unit (100);
A lower synthetic resin sheet (250) covering the upper part of the lower fire extinguishing agent (200); and,
An upper synthetic resin sheet (550) covering the lower part of the upper fire extinguishing agent (500);
Including,
The lower synthetic resin sheet 250 and the upper synthetic resin sheet 550 are designed to prevent the lower fire extinguishing agent 200 and the upper fire extinguishing agent 500 from directly contacting the battery 300 in a normal state in which a fire does not occur. do,
When heat is generated from a fire, the fluidity of the lower fire extinguishing agent 200 and the upper fire extinguishing agent 500 increases, and the battery support 400 collapses as it melts in the heat, removing the force supporting the battery 300. As the lower synthetic resin sheet 250 and the upper synthetic resin sheet 550 also melt in the heat, the battery 300 descends and touches or is immersed in the lower fire extinguishing agent 200, and the upper fire extinguishing agent 500 A battery module with a built-in fire extinguishing agent, characterized in that it flows down and covers the upper part of the battery (300). In paragraph 1:
An upper reinforcement member 600 installed in the upper space of the battery 300 and consisting of a plurality of vertical partition walls crossing each other;
It further includes,
The upper fire extinguishing agent (500) is installed to fill empty spaces defined by the vertical partition of the upper reinforcement (600). In paragraph 1 or 2:
The components constituting the upper fire extinguishing agent 500 and the lower fire extinguishing agent 200 include:
Element;
calcium chloride;
calcium carbonate;
gelatin;
VC[Vanadium Carbide];
sodium chloride; and,
water;
A battery module with a built-in fire extinguishing agent, characterized in that it contains. In paragraph 1 or 2:
The battery 300,
A battery module with a built-in fire extinguishing agent, characterized in that the entire or partial outer surface is coated with polyurea. delete delete delete

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