KR102591430B1 - Apparatus for reducing water pressure on tunnel and installation method thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a tunnel water pressure reduction device and a method of installing the same, wherein the tunnel water pressure reduction device includes an exterior in which a plurality of drainage holes are formed, an inner tube that is detachably inserted and installed inside the exterior and in which a plurality of drainage holes are formed, and It is mounted on the inner or outer surface of the inner pipe and includes a sediment inflow prevention filter to prevent soil inflow through the drainage holes and to induce the inflow of ground inflow water.

Description

Tunnel water pressure reduction device and installation method {APPARATUS FOR REDUCING WATER PRESSURE ON TUNNEL AND INSTALLATION METHOD THEREOF}

The present invention relates to a tunnel water pressure reduction device and its installation method. More specifically, a tunnel water pressure reduction device that can ensure stability by reducing the water pressure around a tunnel and prevent the creation of a cavity around the tunnel due to soil outflow. and its installation method.

The utility and importance of underground structures such as tunnels are being highlighted as an alternative to solving the limitations of above-ground space and severe urban traffic congestion. Because most tunnels are built below the groundwater table, groundwater is a very important consideration in tunnel design and construction. Accidents such as tunnel collapse, falling, and lining removal are mostly related to the behavior of groundwater, and many tunnel problems that occur during tunnel operation are closely related to groundwater leakage or hydraulic pressure.

In particular, tunnels within structurally vulnerable fault zones and limestone ground are susceptible to water pressure in the tunnel as the groundwater level increases due to the influence of ground rainfall, resulting in damage such as uplift of the tunnel bottom and cracks in the lining, and in some cases, Excessive drainage occurs, causing soil runoff around the tunnel, which reduces the stability of the tunnel structure and adjacent structures due to cavitation.

Therefore, there is a need to design and continuously maintain the drainage system to prevent this phenomenon from occurring.

Korean Patent Publication No. 10-1063958 (2011.09.02) relates to a tunnel operating water pressure control device, which includes a water pressure measurement sensor provided in the tunnel to measure the water pressure applied to the tunnel, and a water pressure measurement sensor provided in the tunnel to measure groundwater around the tunnel. It includes a drainage unit that discharges water, and a control unit that regulates the opening and closing of the drainage unit so that the water pressure measured by the water pressure measurement sensor does not exceed the preset water pressure, and the control unit controls the water pressure at each point of the tunnel to the control building. Therefore, the structural stability of the tunnel increases, prevents defects in the tunnel due to excessive water pressure, and provides a tunnel operating water pressure control device that can protect the environment by maintaining the groundwater level at the top of the tunnel at a certain level. do.

Korean Patent Publication No. 10-1957966 (2019.03.07) relates to a water pressure reduction device and a segment tunnel construction method equipped with the same, comprising the steps of assembling a plurality of segment linings installed with a water pressure reduction device at the injection opening in the excavation direction; , injecting grout between the plurality of segment linings and the ground using the water pressure reducing device, hardening the injected grout, and an opening/closing valve that opens when the water pressure outside the segment lining is higher than a preset pressure. Provides a segment construction method for constructing a segment tunnel with improved stability and durability using a water pressure reduction device including the step of installing a water pressure reduction device on one side of the water pressure reduction device.

Korean Patent Publication No. 10-1063958 (2011.09.02) Korean Patent Publication No. 10-1957966 (2019.03.07)

An embodiment of the present invention seeks to provide a tunnel water pressure reduction device and an installation method that can secure stability by reducing the water pressure around a tunnel and prevent the creation of cavities around the tunnel due to soil outflow.

One embodiment of the present invention installs a drain pipe with a filter attached vertically to the bottom of the tunnel to induce smooth outflow of underground inflow water to the outside, suppressing the increase in water pressure and preventing the uplift of the tunnel floor, and at the same time preventing soil outflow by the filter. The purpose is to provide a tunnel water pressure reduction device and installation method that can prevent the creation of cavities around a tunnel by suppressing the.

One embodiment of the present invention is a tunnel that forms a double drain pipe with an exterior and an inner pipe, and inserts the inner pipe on which the filter is installed to be detachable into the exterior, so that the inner pipe and filter can be easily maintained in response to hydraulic deterioration such as blockage of the drain pipe. The purpose is to provide a water pressure reduction device and its installation method.

Among the embodiments, the tunnel water pressure reduction device includes an exterior in which a plurality of drainage holes are formed, an inner pipe that is detachably inserted and installed inside the exterior and in which a plurality of drainage holes are formed, and a device mounted on the inner or outer surface of the inner pipe and the drainage hole. It includes a sediment inflow prevention filter to prevent soil inflow and induce the inflow of ground water.

The exterior is formed in a circular shape with a penetrating interior, and can be vertically embedded and fixedly installed in the tunnel floor.

The inner tube may be replaceably inserted and installed inside the exterior, and the diameter of the plurality of drainage holes may be smaller than the diameter of the drainage holes formed in the exterior.

The inner pipe may be configured to have a plurality of pipe members connected vertically and continuously.

The inner tube is provided with a working ring on one side for detachment from the inside of the outer tube, and the inner tube is inserted into the outer tube through the working ring so that it can be fixed and supported on the tunnel floor during installation.

The sediment inflow prevention filter may be replaceably mounted on the inner or outer surface of the inner pipe depending on ground conditions and may be made of a water-permeable material.

Among the embodiments, the method of installing a tunnel water pressure reduction device includes (a) drilling the bottom of the tunnel and installing a porous exterior, (b) installing a sediment inflow prevention filter on the inner or outer surface of the porous inner pipe based on the ground conditions of the tunnel. Including the step of installing, and (c) inserting and installing the porous inner pipe equipped with the sediment inflow prevention filter into the inside of the porous exterior, an external outflow path of inflow water can be secured at the bottom of the tunnel. .

In step (b), if the ground of the tunnel is clay soil with small particles, the sediment inflow prevention filter is mounted on the outer surface of the inner pipe and positioned between the exterior and the inner pipe to prevent soil inflow outside the inner pipe. You can.

The external outflow path of the inflow water is a lateral flow of the inflow water, which sequentially passes through the exterior and a drainage hole formed in the inner pipe equipped with the sediment inflow prevention filter, flows into the inner pipe, and flows outward from the inside of the inner pipe in a vertical flow. The water pressure at the bottom of the tunnel can be reduced.

Among the embodiments, the tunnel water pressure reduction device installation method involves separating the inner pipe equipped with the sediment inflow prevention filter from the exterior, removing the sediment inflow prevention filter and soil, replacing it with a new filter, and reinstalling it on the exterior for maintenance. Step (d) may further be included.

Step (d) may be performed periodically or based on the amount of inflow inside the inner tube.

The disclosed technology can have the following effects. However, since it does not mean that a specific embodiment must include all of the following effects or only the following effects, the scope of rights of the disclosed technology should not be understood as being limited thereby.

The tunnel water pressure reduction device and its installation method according to an embodiment of the present invention can ensure stability by reducing the water pressure around the tunnel and prevent the creation of cavities around the tunnel due to soil outflow.

The tunnel water pressure reduction device and its installation method according to an embodiment of the present invention install a drain pipe with a filter attached perpendicularly to the bottom of the tunnel to induce smooth outflow of underground inflow water to the outside, thereby suppressing the increase in water pressure and preventing the rising phenomenon of the tunnel bottom. At the same time, it is possible to prevent the creation of cavities around the tunnel by suppressing soil outflow through the filter.

The tunnel water pressure reduction device and its installation method according to an embodiment of the present invention form a drain pipe with a double outer pipe and an inner pipe, and insert the inner pipe on which the filter is installed to be detachable into the exterior to respond to hydraulic deterioration such as blockage of the drain pipe. and filters can be easily maintained.

Figure 1 is an exploded perspective view showing a tunnel water pressure reduction device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Figure 2 is a combined perspective view showing the tunnel water pressure reduction device in Figure 1.
Figure 3 is a cross-sectional view taken along line AA' showing the tunnel water pressure reduction device in Figure 2.
Figure 4 is a diagram illustrating the installation process of a tunnel water pressure reduction device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Figure 5 is a diagram explaining the water pressure reduction process of the tunnel water pressure reduction device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Figure 6 is a diagram showing water pressure distribution before and after tunnel installation of a tunnel water pressure reduction device according to an embodiment.
Figure 7 is a diagram illustrating a filter replacement process of a tunnel water pressure reduction device according to an embodiment.

Since the description of the present invention is only an example for structural or functional explanation, the scope of the present invention should not be construed as limited by the examples described in the text. In other words, since the embodiments can be modified in various ways and can have various forms, the scope of rights of the present invention should be understood to include equivalents that can realize the technical idea. In addition, the purpose or effect presented in the present invention does not mean that a specific embodiment must include all or only such effects, so the scope of the present invention should not be understood as limited thereby.

Meanwhile, the meaning of the terms described in this application should be understood as follows.

Terms such as “first” and “second” are used to distinguish one component from another component, and the scope of rights should not be limited by these terms. For example, a first component may be named a second component, and similarly, the second component may also be named a first component.

When a component is referred to as being “connected” to another component, it should be understood that it may be directly connected to the other component, but that other components may exist in between. On the other hand, when a component is referred to as being “directly connected” to another component, it should be understood that there are no other components in between. Meanwhile, other expressions that describe the relationship between components, such as "between" and "immediately between" or "neighboring" and "directly neighboring" should be interpreted similarly.

Singular expressions should be understood to include plural expressions unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, and terms such as “comprise” or “have” refer to implemented features, numbers, steps, operations, components, parts, or them. It is intended to specify the existence of a combination, and should be understood as not excluding in advance the possibility of the presence or addition of one or more other features, numbers, steps, operations, components, parts, or combinations thereof.

For each step, identification codes (e.g., a, b, c, etc.) are used for convenience of explanation. The identification codes do not explain the order of each step, and each step clearly follows a specific order in context. Unless specified, events may occur differently from the specified order. That is, each step may occur in the same order as specified, may be performed substantially simultaneously, or may be performed in the opposite order.

All terms used herein, unless otherwise defined, have the same meaning as commonly understood by a person of ordinary skill in the field to which the present invention pertains. Terms defined in commonly used dictionaries should be interpreted as consistent with the meaning they have in the context of the related technology, and cannot be interpreted as having an ideal or excessively formal meaning unless clearly defined in the present application.

Figure 1 is an exploded perspective view showing a tunnel water pressure reduction device according to an embodiment of the present invention, Figure 2 is a combined perspective view showing the tunnel water pressure reduction device in Figure 1, and Figure 3 is a tunnel water pressure reduction device in Figure 2. This is a cross-sectional view of A-A'.

Referring to FIGS. 1 to 3 , the tunnel water pressure reduction device 100 includes an exterior 110, an inner pipe 130, and a sediment inflow prevention filter 150.

The exterior 110 may be formed of a circular pipe with a penetrating interior. The exterior 110 can be made of a material that can prevent deformation under the pressure of soil and corrosion in the ground. In one embodiment, the exterior 110 may be made of ABS (Arcylonitrile Butadien styrene), but is not limited to this and may be made of various materials. A plurality of drainage holes 111 may be formed in the exterior 110 at predetermined intervals.

The inner pipe 130 is formed as a circular pipe with a penetrating interior, and has an outer diameter smaller than the inner diameter of the outer tube 110 so that it can be detachably inserted and installed inside the outer tube 110. The inner tube 130 may be made of the same material as the outer tube 110 or a different material. Like the exterior 110, a plurality of drainage holes 131 may be formed in the inner pipe 130 at predetermined intervals. Here, the pore diameter (di) of the inner pipe 130 is smaller than the pore diameter (do) of the outer pipe 110, so that water flowing in through the drain hole 111 of the outer pipe 110 is smoothly guided to the inner pipe 130. This can prevent the inflow of soil and sand.

In one embodiment, the inner pipe 130 may be configured to have a plurality of pipe members connected vertically and continuously. Here, the inner pipe 130 can be connected to a plurality of pipe members according to the installation location, or can be connected using a joint coupling, and can be fixed by a riveting method using a rivet. there is.

The inner tube 130 is provided with a working ring 133 on one side, so that the inner tube 130 can be lifted through the working ring 133 and inserted into the outer tube 110 or inserted from the inner tube 110. In one embodiment, the working ring 133 is fixed to the tunnel floor when the inner tube 130 is inserted into the exterior 110 and installed to support the inner tube 130. Here, the working ring 133 may be formed to protrude outward along the upper circumference of the inner tube 130, but is not limited to this and may be formed in a ring shape on both sides of the upper part of the inner tube 130.

The soil inflow prevention filter 150 is installed between the inner pipe 130 or the inner pipe 130 and the outer pipe 110 depending on ground conditions to prevent soil from flowing in through the drainage holes 111 and 131. In one embodiment, the soil inflow prevention filter 150 may be installed on the inner peripheral surface of the inner pipe 130 in case of sandy soil ground, and may be installed between the inner pipe 130 and the outer pipe 110 in the case of cohesive soil ground. Here, the sediment inflow prevention filter 150 may be made of a water-permeable material. For example, the sediment inflow prevention filter 150 may be made of non-woven fabric.

The sediment inflow prevention filter 150 can prevent sediment inflow into the inner pipe 130 by making the pore diameter smaller than the drainage hole of the inner pipe 130.

Figure 4 is a diagram illustrating the installation process of a tunnel water pressure reduction device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Referring to Figure 4, first, the installation point of the tunnel water pressure reduction device 100 is drilled in the tunnel invert portion (①). At this time, underground excavation work is performed to form a hole with a diameter into which the tunnel water pressure reduction device 100 can be inserted and a required depth. Tunnel invert refers to a support material installed at the bottom of a tunnel cross-section using shotcrete or concrete to close the tunnel cross-section.

After drilling, insert and install the exterior wall (110) to prevent the exterior wall from collapsing (②). At this time, the exterior 110 may be installed simultaneously with the drilling. Here, the exterior 110 is inserted in a direction perpendicular to the perforation of the tunnel invert and is permanently installed.

Then, the inner pipe 130 covered with the sediment inflow prevention filter 150 is installed by inserting it into the exterior 110 already installed in the tunnel invert (③). At this time, in order to respond to hydraulic deterioration such as inflow resistance due to sediment accumulation, etc., the inner pipe 130 is installed in a removable insert type, and the soil inflow prevention filter 150 is installed in a replaceable type. The soil inflow prevention filter 150 may be made of non-woven fabric, etc., and the installation location may be flexibly changed depending on ground conditions. In sandy soil ground, as shown in (a), the soil inflow prevention filter 150 covers the inner surface of the inner pipe 130. As shown in (b) in cohesive soil with very small ground particles, the soil inflow prevention filter 150 covers the outer surface of the inner pipe 130 and is located between the inner pipe 130 and the outer pipe 150, preventing soil inflow. It can be prevented in advance outside the inner tube (130).

Figure 5 is a diagram explaining the water pressure reduction process of the tunnel water pressure reduction device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Referring to FIG. 5, in a state in which the tunnel water pressure reduction device 100 according to an embodiment is buried and fixed in the area where the water pressure around the tunnel increases, the inflow water from the ground flows through the drainage hole through a radial flow. As it flows into the inner pipe 130 through (111,131), the water pressure around the tunnel is reduced. The inflow water flows into the inner pipe 130 through the drainage hole 111 of the outer pipe 110 and the drainage hole 131 of the inner pipe 130, and at this time, the soil inflow prevention filter 150 formed on the inner or outer surface of the inner pipe 130 ), it is possible to prevent soil from the outer wall of the perforation from flowing into the inner pipe (130). The water flowing inside the inner pipe 130 flows outward from the inside of the inner pipe 130 into a drainage channel within the tunnel in a vertical flow.

Figure 6 is a diagram showing water pressure distribution before and after tunnel installation of a tunnel water pressure reduction device according to an embodiment.

Referring to FIG. 6, (a) represents the water pressure distribution at the bottom of the tunnel before installing the tunnel water pressure reduction device 100, and (b) represents the water pressure distribution at the bottom of the tunnel after installing the tunnel water pressure reduction device 100. indicates.

Before installing the tunnel water pressure reduction device 100 according to an embodiment, as shown in (a), when water pressure is applied to the tunnel ground as inflow water increases, the bottom of the tunnel rises and is damaged.

When the tunnel water pressure reduction device 100 according to one embodiment is installed at the bottom of the tunnel, an external outflow path for inflow water in the ground is secured, as shown in (b). Accordingly, through the lateral flow of inflow water in the ground, the inner pipe 130 passes through the exterior 110 of the tunnel water pressure reduction device 100 and the drainage holes 111 and 131 of the inner pipe 130 where the soil discharge prevention filter 150 is installed. ) flows smoothly into the interior, and the inflowing water inside the inner pipe 130 flows outward through vertical flow, causing a decrease in water pressure.

Figure 7 is a diagram illustrating a filter replacement process of a tunnel water pressure reduction device according to an embodiment.

Referring to FIG. 7, the tunnel water pressure reduction device 100 previously installed in the tunnel invert can be continuously maintained. The tunnel water pressure reduction device 100 can periodically separate the inner pipe 130 on which the sediment inflow prevention filter 150 is installed, remove the filter and sediment, replace it with a new filter, and then reinstall it on the exterior 110. Here, the replacement cycle can be set in advance or determined according to the change in inflow amount. For example, when the drainage hole 131 of the inner pipe 130 is blocked by soil and the inflow amount is below a critical value, it can be determined that it is time to replace.

In one embodiment, the tunnel water pressure reduction device 100 can separate the inner pipe 130 from the outer pipe 110 through the working ring 133 of the inner pipe 130 (①). At this time, the sediment inflow prevention filter 150 is also separated along the inner pipe 130.

Then, the soil inflow prevention filter 150 is removed from the inner pipe 130, and the inner pipe 130 is washed to remove the soil blocking the drain hole 133 (②).

Then, a new filter is inserted and replaced in the inner pipe 130 from which the soil has been removed (③).

Then, the inner tube 130, which has been replaced with a new filter, is inserted into the outer tube 110 and reinstalled (④).

The tunnel water pressure reduction device and its installation method according to an embodiment can solve the uplift phenomenon of the tunnel floor by suppressing the increase in water pressure while suppressing the inflow of soil and sand as much as possible by smoothing the flow of inflow water in the lateral flow of the tunnel floor. It prevents the creation of surrounding cavities and allows for convenient maintenance as the inner pipe filter can be replaced during tunnel operation.

Although the present application has been described above with reference to preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art may modify the present invention in various ways without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention as set forth in the claims below. and that it can be changed.

100: Tunnel water pressure reduction device
110: Appearance
111: Multiple drainage holes
130: inner tube
131: Multiple drain holes 133: Working ring
150: Soil inflow prevention filter

Claims (11)

delete delete delete delete delete delete (a) drilling the tunnel floor and installing a porous facade;
(b) installing a soil inflow prevention filter on the inner or outer surface of the porous inner pipe based on the ground conditions of the tunnel;
(c) inserting and installing the porous inner pipe equipped with the sediment inflow prevention filter into the interior of the porous exterior; and
(d) maintaining the inner pipe equipped with the sediment inflow prevention filter from the exterior, removing the sediment inflow prevention filter and soil, replacing it with a new filter, and reinstalling it on the exterior,
Securing an external outflow path for inflow water at the bottom of the tunnel,
Step (b) is
If the ground of the tunnel is sandy soil, the soil inflow prevention filter covers the inner surface of the inner pipe, and if the ground of the tunnel is clay soil with small particles, the soil inflow prevention filter is mounted on the outer surface of the inner pipe to create the exterior appearance. and the inner pipe to prevent soil inflow outside the inner pipe,
Step (d) is
A tunnel water pressure reduction device installation method, characterized in that the replacement time is determined when the drainage hole of the inner pipe is blocked by soil and the inflow amount inside the inner pipe is below a critical value.
delete The method of claim 7, wherein the influent external outflow path is
The lateral flow of the inflow water flows into the inside of the inner pipe through a drainage hole formed in the exterior and the inner pipe equipped with the sediment inflow prevention filter, and flows outward in a vertical flow from the inside of the inner pipe to reduce the water pressure at the bottom of the tunnel. A tunnel water pressure reduction device installation method characterized by reducing.
delete delete

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