KR102582565B1 - The method of manufacturing soil improvement agents using stone and aggregate wastewater sludge and agricultural by-products - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a method of manufacturing a soil conditioner using stone and aggregate wastewater sludge and agricultural by-products, which involves adding a coagulant to the washing water used to produce stone and aggregate, dehydrating and drying it to prepare stone and aggregate wastewater treatment sludge. · Aggregate wastewater treatment sludge preparation step, waste rock powder and rock powder preparation step, waste rock powder and rock powder preparation step, agricultural by-product preparation step in which agricultural by-products are inoculated with microorganisms, and stone and aggregate wastewater treatment sludge preparation step. For 100 parts by weight of stone and aggregate wastewater treatment sludge prepared in , 20 to 30 parts by weight of waste rock powder and 5 to 15 parts by weight of rock powder prepared in the waste rock powder and rock powder preparation step, and 20 parts by weight of agricultural by-products prepared in the agricultural by-product preparation step. A mixing step of mixing ~30 parts by weight, 3 to 7 parts by weight of superabsorbent polymer, and 2 to 5 parts by weight of calcium, a molding step of putting the mixture mixed in the mixing step into an extruder and molding, and the molded product in the molding step. It is characterized by including a drying step of drying the molded product.
According to the present invention, by recycling waste resources such as stone and aggregate wastewater treatment sludge, waste stone dust, etc., it not only reduces waste disposal costs, but also has the effect of preventing environmental pollution, and also reduces land where plant growth is difficult due to a poor soil environment. Improvements have the effect of enabling efficient vegetation.

Description

{The method of manufacturing soil improvement agents using stone and aggregate wastewater sludge and agricultural by-products}

The present invention relates to a method of manufacturing a soil conditioner using stone and aggregate wastewater treatment sludge and agricultural by-products. More specifically, the aim is to reduce waste treatment costs by recycling waste resources such as stone and aggregate wastewater treatment sludge and waste rock dust. Of course, in addition to the effect of preventing environmental pollution, the method of manufacturing a soil conditioner using stone and aggregate wastewater treatment sludge and agricultural by-products enables efficient vegetation by improving land where plant growth is difficult due to the poor soil environment. will be.

In general, soil acidification refers to a phenomenon in which the pH of the soil is lowered due to climate or pollution. There is a soil reaction caused by the climate in which the base liberated by the decomposition of acid salts is lost and the soil becomes acidic, mainly when evaporation is greater than rainfall. , decomposition of silicate minerals and hydrolysis products, acidification due to corrosion or fertilizers, and acidification due to acid rain and inflow of pollutants.

In this way, when the soil becomes acidic, plants cannot grow properly and fallen leaves or animal carcasses are not properly decomposed, which directly affects the supply of nutrients or food to soil animals. Therefore, acidic soil, organic fertilizers such as compost, and alkaline Technology to neutralize soil using lime, etc. is widely used.

In addition, if there are a lot of humic substances in the soil, the acidity of the soil will be neutral, and if there is a little, the acidity will become strong, reducing the effectiveness of fertilizer and making it difficult for microorganisms to inhabit. Therefore, the most important thing to strive for in our current agriculture is to increase the content of humic substances in the soil that decompose organic matter.

Currently, in our country, although the soil should contain about 5% of humic substances, the actual humic substance content is reported to be around 2%, which is 3% short of the normal level. Moreover, since some farms have been using raw organic matter with high nitrogen content, the soil is hardening due to insoluble inorganic nutrients and is mostly turning into rot-type soil with poor physical properties.

In addition, some farms recognize the importance of organic matter and believe that good microorganisms naturally proliferate if organic matter is added to the soil. However, the organic compost currently used by farms is compostable and is acidic, thus fundamentally preventing soil acidification. Not only was this not possible, but the soil was being degraded due to the proliferation of various bacteria in the soil.

Therefore, by recycling waste resources such as stone and aggregate wastewater treatment sludge and waste rock dust, it not only reduces waste disposal costs, but also prevents environmental pollution, and improves plants by improving land where plant growth is difficult due to the poor soil environment. There is a need to develop eco-friendly soil amendments that enable efficient vegetation.

KR 10-2294758 B1(2021. 08. 23.)

The present invention was created to solve the problems of the prior art, and the problem to be solved by the present invention is to reduce the cost of waste treatment by recycling waste resources such as stone and aggregate wastewater treatment sludge and waste rock dust. The purpose is to provide a method of manufacturing a soil conditioner that has the effect of preventing environmental pollution and enables efficient growth of plants by improving land where plant growth is difficult due to a poor soil environment.

Another purpose is to provide an optimal treatment method for recycling stone and aggregate wastewater treatment sludge, waste stone dust, and agricultural by-products as a soil conditioner.

In order to achieve the above object, the method of manufacturing a soil conditioner using stone and aggregate wastewater treatment sludge and agricultural by-products according to the present invention includes adding a coagulant to the washing water used to produce stone and aggregate, dehydrating and drying the stone and aggregate. A stone/aggregate wastewater treatment sludge preparation step for preparing aggregate wastewater treatment sludge, a waste rock powder and rock powder preparation step for preparing waste rock powder and rock powder, an agricultural by-product preparation step for preparing agricultural by-products by inoculating microorganisms; For 100 parts by weight of the stone and aggregate wastewater treatment sludge prepared in the stone and aggregate wastewater treatment sludge preparation stage, 20 to 30 parts by weight of waste rock powder and 5 to 15 parts by weight of rock powder prepared in the waste rock powder and rock powder preparation stage, and the agricultural product. A mixing step of mixing 20 to 30 parts by weight of agricultural by-products prepared in the by-product preparation step, 3 to 7 parts by weight of superabsorbent polymer, and 2 to 5 parts by weight of calcium, and molding by putting the mixture mixed in the mixing step into an extruder. It is characterized in that it includes a drying step of drying the molded product in the step and the molding step.

In addition, the waste rock powder and rock powder preparation step is a by-product generated when excavating and collecting stone, a by-product of polishing and cutting at a stone processing plant, a limestone sludge, and a by-product from the sand mill process. ), Dolomile, Wollastonite, Zeolite, Bentonite, and Vermiculite.

In addition, the agricultural by-product preparation step is characterized in that 1 to 3 parts by weight of microorganisms are inoculated into 100 parts by weight of agricultural by-products and fermented for 10 to 30 days at a temperature of 25 to 40 ° C. and humidity of 60 to 80%.

In addition, the drying step is characterized in that the molded product formed in the molding step is naturally dried at room temperature of 20 to 25 ° C. for 30 to 60 minutes.

According to the present invention, by recycling waste resources such as stone and aggregate wastewater treatment sludge, waste stone dust, etc., it not only reduces waste disposal costs, but also has the effect of preventing environmental pollution, and also reduces land where plant growth is difficult due to a poor soil environment. Improvements have the effect of enabling efficient vegetation.

Figure 1 is a step flow diagram showing a method of manufacturing a soil conditioner using stone and aggregate wastewater treatment sludge and agricultural by-products according to the present invention.

Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the attached drawings.

Figure 1 is a step flow diagram showing a method of manufacturing a soil conditioner using stone and aggregate wastewater treatment sludge and agricultural by-products according to the present invention.

Referring to the attached FIG. 1, the method for manufacturing a soil conditioner using stone and aggregate wastewater treatment sludge and agricultural by-products according to the present invention includes a stone and aggregate wastewater treatment sludge preparation step (S10), and a waste rock powder and rock powder preparation step (S20). ), agricultural by-product preparation step (S30), mixing step (S40), forming step (S50), and drying step (S60).

1. Stone and aggregate wastewater treatment sludge preparation stage (S10)

The stone and aggregate wastewater treatment sludge preparation step (S10) is a step of preparing stone and aggregate wastewater treatment sludge by adding a coagulant to the washing water used to produce stone and aggregate, dewatering and drying it.

More specifically, a coagulant is added to the washing water used to produce stone and aggregate, and then dewatered and dried to prepare stone and aggregate wastewater treatment sludge with a moisture content of 85% or less.

The stone/aggregate wastewater treatment sludge mentioned above contains relatively few harmful substances compared to other wastewater treatment sludges, making it suitable as a soil conditioner. It also contains 95-99% inorganic matter and 1-5% organic matter, making it suitable for plant growth. It can have a good impact.

Here, the coagulant is used to coagulate the washing water used to produce stone and aggregate, and is preferably used in small amounts. In the present invention, it may be included in an amount of 0.0001 to 0.002 parts by weight based on 100 parts by weight of the washing water, and polyacrylamide , polyacrylic ester, and polyaluminum sulfate can be used.

2. Waste rock powder and rock powder preparation step (S20)

The waste rock powder and rock powder preparation step (S20) is a step of preparing the waste rock powder and rock powder.

More specifically, by-products generated when excavating and collecting stone, by-products from polishing and cutting at stone processing plants, quartz sludge, and waste rock fraction, limestone, and dolomile, which are by-products from the sand mill process. , prepare rock powder of one or more types of wollastonite, zeolite, bentonite, and vermiculite.

The waste rock powder has a particle size of 0.01 to 30㎛, a specific surface area of 5 to 45㎡/g, and contains potassium (K), sodium (Na), calcium (Ca), magnesium (Mg), and iron (Fe). ), silicon (Si), etc., so it can not only supply minerals to crops, but also has the effect of preventing acidification of the soil and neutralizing acidified soil due to its alkaline properties.

In addition, when a soil conditioner is manufactured using the waste rock dust, there is an effect of recycling the waste by utilizing the discarded waste rock dust, and landfill disposal of the conventional waste rock dust causes wasted land, economic costs, and environmental pollution. It has the effect of reducing flying dust, which can even cause pneumoconiosis due to scattering of stone dust around the workplace.

In addition, the rock powder can be used as a source of soil breathability, and not only serves as a breathability source, but also has the effect of promoting plant growth due to neutralization of the soil and cation exchange.

The rock powder preferably has a particle size of 20-50㎛ to ensure mixing with other compositions and breathability, but the size is not necessarily limited.

Among the rock powders, limestone, dolomite, and wollastonite are alkali sources that can induce neutralization of acidic soil, and zeolite, bentonite, vermiculite, and dolomite have high cation exchange capacity (CEC) and are excellent in holding and water-holding capacity. It has excellent adhesion and can improve the soil and promote plant growth.

3. Agricultural by-product preparation stage (S30)

The agricultural by-product preparation step (S30) is a step of preparing agricultural by-products by inoculating them with microorganisms.

More specifically, it is prepared by inoculating 1 to 3 parts by weight of microorganisms into 100 parts by weight of agricultural by-products and fermenting them for 10 to 30 days at a temperature of 25 to 40 ° C and humidity of 60 to 80%.

Here, any agricultural by-product may be used as long as it is an incidental by-product generated during the production process of agricultural products.

Preferably, red pepper stalks, sesame stalks, perilla seed stalks, sawdust, rice husk, rice husk, and orchard pruning by-products, etc., which are collected in large quantities as agricultural by-products, can be mixed and used.

In addition, agricultural by-products can be further mixed with by-products of street tree pruning and reservoir floats after the rainy season.

And, the microorganisms used at this time are Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus belegensis, Bacillus cereus, and Bacillus ballismotis. It may include one or more species selected from the group of Pennybacillus Maserand and Lactobacillus plantarum.

Agricultural by-products inoculated with microorganisms and fermented as described above not only replenish microorganisms that die in acidic soil, but also contain a large amount of carbohydrates and proteins contained in agricultural by-products, so they can replenish the consumed carbon and nitrogen components.

If the microorganisms are added to 100 parts by weight of the agricultural by-products below the above range, the decomposition activity of the microorganisms may not progress sufficiently, and if the microorganisms are added beyond the above range, the decomposition activity of the microorganisms no longer increases. It is uneconomical because it does not work.

4. Mixing step (S40)

The mixing step (S40) includes the stone and aggregate wastewater treatment sludge prepared in the stone and aggregate wastewater treatment sludge preparation step (S10), the waste rock powder and rock powder prepared in the waste rock powder and rock powder preparation step (S20), and the agricultural by-product preparation step. This is the step of mixing the agricultural by-products, superabsorbent polymer, and calcium prepared in (S30).

More specifically, for 100 parts by weight of the stone and aggregate wastewater treatment sludge prepared in the stone and aggregate wastewater treatment sludge preparation step (S10), 20 to 30 parts by weight of the waste rock powder and rock powder preparation step (S20). 5 to 15 parts by weight of rock powder, 20 to 30 parts by weight of the agricultural by-product prepared in the agricultural by-product preparation step (S30), 3 to 7 parts by weight of superabsorbent polymer, and 2 to 5 parts by weight of calcium.

Here, if 100 parts by weight of the stone and aggregate wastewater treatment sludge prepared in the stone and aggregate wastewater treatment sludge preparation step (S10), the waste rock powder and the waste rock powder prepared in the rock powder preparation step (S20) are less than the above range. When mixing in excess of the above range, the effect of supplying minerals from the waste rock, preventing acidification of the soil, and neutralizing acidified soil are reduced, and if mixing exceeding the above range, the waste rock is reduced. As the content of other compositions other than fertilizer is reduced, the effect of supplying organic matter is reduced and the soil improvement effect is reduced.

In addition, if 100 parts by weight of the stone and aggregate wastewater treatment sludge prepared in the stone and aggregate wastewater treatment sludge preparation step (S10), the waste rock powder and rock powder prepared in the rock powder preparation step (S20) are less than the above range. When mixed, it is difficult to ensure breathability, and when mixed beyond the above range, the content of other compositions such as stone/aggregate wastewater treatment sludge and waste rock dust is relatively reduced, reducing the effect as a soil conditioner.

In addition, if the agricultural by-product prepared in the agricultural by-product preparation step (S30) is mixed in an amount less than the above range for 100 parts by weight of the stone and aggregate wastewater treatment sludge prepared in the stone and aggregate wastewater treatment sludge preparation step (S10). The effect is minimal, and if mixed beyond the above range, there is a problem that eutrophication of the soil may occur.

In addition, the superabsorbent polymer may be a graft polymerization of acrylonitrile to starch or cellulose, or a block copolymerization of acrylic acid and vinyl alcohol, and is preferably used. Typically, starch or cellulose is graft-polymerized with acrylonitrile.

When water is added to the superabsorbent polymer, it combines with water and the hydrophilic functional groups in the polymer resin molecules to exist in a gel state, and has the ability to absorb water 100 to 400 times its own weight. In addition, it is not simply absorbed into a substance, but forms a chemical bond with water molecules, so it has the property of not easily escaping.

In addition, the superabsorbent resin, which absorbs a large amount of water, swells, and exists in a gel state, supplies water to the roots of plants over a long period of time and continuously when used in soil, and prevents nutrients dissolved in soil moisture from being washed away by rainwater. Not only does it supply water to the roots, but it can also maintain a water retention period 5 to 20 times longer than that of normal irrigated cultivation, preventing plant growth from being reduced due to drought.

Therefore, the superabsorbent resin not only promotes plant growth even when moisture supply is not smooth, but also helps prevent nutrients in the soil from being lost by rainwater, thereby promoting plant growth, and retains a large amount of water in the soil even during floods. Absorbs and prevents soil from eroding easily.

In addition, the reason for using vegetable superabsorbent resin in the present invention is that it not only promotes plant growth, but also removes moisture from stone and aggregate wastewater treatment sludge with high moisture content. In other words, when the stone/aggregate wastewater treatment sludge is mixed with the superabsorbent resin, the superabsorbent resin easily absorbs the moisture of the stone/aggregate wastewater treatment sludge, and the moisture content of the stone/aggregate wastewater treatment sludge is significantly lowered. Accordingly, since it is almost completely powdered, no additional process is required to remove moisture from the stone/aggregate wastewater treatment sludge.

If the superabsorbent resin is mixed below the above range with respect to 100 parts by weight of the stone and aggregate wastewater treatment sludge prepared in the stone and aggregate wastewater treatment sludge preparation step (S10), the moisture removal efficiency decreases, and the above When blended beyond the range, it is rather uneconomical due to the content being more than necessary.

The calcium is used to improve acidic soil and supply calcium nutrients to crops, and can be used in powder form with a particle size distribution of 50 to 100 mesh.

Calcium used in the present invention includes calcium salts of citric acid, calcium gluconate, calcium glycerophosphate, calcium oxide, calcium hydroxide, and calcium chloride ( calcium chloride, calcium lactate, calcium phosphate tribasic, calcium phosphate dibasic, calcium phosphate monobasic, calcium carbonate and calcium sulfate. ) can be used in combination with one or two selected from the group containing.

If the calcium is mixed below the above range with respect to 100 parts by weight of the stone and aggregate wastewater treatment sludge prepared in the stone and aggregate wastewater treatment sludge preparation step (S10), it is difficult to provide sufficient calcium to the soil, and it is difficult to provide sufficient calcium to the soil. If mixed beyond the range, not only is it uneconomical due to the content exceeding necessary, but there is a problem that eutrophication of the soil may occur.

Additionally, the present invention may further include complex trace elements.

More specifically, for 100 parts by weight of the stone and aggregate wastewater treatment sludge prepared in the stone and aggregate wastewater treatment sludge preparation step (S10), 1 to 2 parts by weight of complex trace elements are further included, wherein the complex trace elements are ZnSO _{4 ·} 7H ₂ O, FeSO _{4 ·} 7H ₂ O, CuSO _{4 ·} 5H ₂ O, MnSO _{4 ·} 4H ₂ O, and Na ₂ MO _{4 ·} 2H ₂ O can be used one or a mixture of two or more.

Even in small amounts, complex trace elements are essential elements for normal growth of plants by acting as components of enzymes in plants. Stone and aggregate wastewater treatment sludge 100 prepared in the stone and aggregate wastewater treatment sludge preparation step (S10). By additionally including 1 to 2 parts by weight of complex trace elements, it plays a role in helping the growth of plants.

5. Forming step (S50)

The molding step (S50) is a step in which the mixture mixed in the mixing step (S40) is put into an extruder and molded.

More specifically, the mixture mixed in the mixing step (S40) is put into an extruder and molded into pellets with a diameter of 10 to 50 mm.

At this time, the molded product has a moisture content of 15 to 25%.

6. Drying step (S60)

The drying step (S60) is a step of drying the molded product formed in the molding step (S50).

More specifically, the molded product in the molding step (S50) is naturally dried at room temperature of 20 to 25°C for 30 to 60 minutes.

Through this, by gradually lowering the temperature of the molded product in the molding step (S50), the hardness of the pellet type is maintained, and various effective ingredients are gradually absorbed into the soil. It is possible to provide a soil conditioner that can improve the soil. .

According to the present invention, by recycling waste resources such as stone and aggregate wastewater treatment sludge, waste stone dust, etc., it not only reduces waste disposal costs, but also has the effect of preventing environmental pollution, and also reduces land where plant growth is difficult due to a poor soil environment. Improvements enable efficient growth of plants.

Although the preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described above, the scope of the rights of the present invention is not limited thereto, and it should be understood that the scope of the rights of the present invention extends to the scope substantially equivalent to the embodiments of the present invention. Various modifications can be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit of the invention.

Claims (4)

Stone and aggregate wastewater treatment sludge preparation step (S10) in which a coagulant is added to the washing water used to produce stone and aggregate, dewatered and dried to prepare stone and aggregate wastewater treatment sludge;
Waste rock powder and rock powder preparation step (S20) for preparing waste rock powder and rock powder;
Agricultural by-product preparation step (S30) in which agricultural by-products are inoculated with microorganisms;
For 100 parts by weight of the stone and aggregate wastewater treatment sludge prepared in the stone and aggregate wastewater treatment sludge preparation step (S10), 20 to 30 parts by weight of waste stone powder and rock powder prepared in the waste rock powder and rock powder preparation step (S20) and 5 parts by weight of rock powder. A mixing step (S40) of mixing ~15 parts by weight, 20 to 30 parts by weight of the agricultural by-product prepared in the agricultural by-product preparation step (S30), 3 to 7 parts by weight of superabsorbent polymer, and 2 to 5 parts by weight of calcium;
A molding step (S50) of putting the mixture mixed in the mixing step (S40) into an extruder and molding it; and
A drying step (S60) of drying the molded product in the molding step (S50);
It is accomplished including,
In the waste rock powder and rock powder preparation step (S20),
By-products generated when excavating and collecting stones, by-products from polishing and cutting at stone processing plants, quartz sludge, and waste rock fractions that are by-products from the sand mill process,
Stone and aggregate wastewater treatment sludge and agricultural production, characterized by preparing one or more rock powders among limestone, dolomile, wollastonite, zeolite, bentonite, and vermiculite. Method of manufacturing soil conditioner using by-products.
delete According to paragraph 1,
In the agricultural by-product preparation step (S30),
Stone and aggregate wastewater treatment sludge and agricultural by-products are prepared by inoculating 1-3 parts by weight of microorganisms into 100 parts by weight of agricultural by-products and fermenting them for 10-30 days at a temperature of 25-40 ℃ and humidity of 60-80%. Method of manufacturing soil conditioner using .
According to paragraph 1,
The drying step (S60) is,
A method of manufacturing a soil conditioner using stone and aggregate wastewater treatment sludge and agricultural by-products, characterized in that the molded product formed in the molding step (S50) is naturally dried for 30 to 60 minutes at a room temperature of 20 to 25 ° C.