KR102570909B1 - Waste lithium battery recycling equipment - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a waste battery recovery apparatus, and specifically, to a waste battery recovery apparatus which comprises: a crushing unit which crushes raw materials including waste batteries input from the outside; a collection and sorting unit which collects dust, gas, black powder, and diaphragm paper (separator) among crushed materials generated during a crushing process by the crushing unit through rising current and vibration, and selects magnetic materials containing nickel using magnetic force; a pulverizing unit which pulverizes the crushed materials remaining after passing through the collection and sorting unit into a finer particle size that is finer than the crushing unit through a pulverizing device; a separation and collection unit which separates the pulverized material pulverized by the pulverizing unit according to the specific gravity of each component, separates the separated material into aluminum, and black powder, and separately collects the materials; and a purification unit which purifies dust and gas generated during processes of the crushing unit, the collection and sorting unit, the pulverizing unit, and the separation and collection unit. According to the present invention, a metallic material is efficiently sorted through magnetic force, such that various materials of waste batteries can be physically and mechanically separated and recovered.

Description

Waste battery recovery equipment {WASTE LITHIUM BATTERY RECYCLING EQUIPMENT}

The present invention relates to a waste battery recovery facility, and specifically, waste batteries are shredded to recycle waste batteries, and powdery positive and negative materials generated during the crushing process are separated by grinding, air current (wind power), and filtration. and metal materials are separated through magnetic force to physically and mechanically separate and collect various materials from waste batteries, and purify dust and gases generated in the waste battery treatment process to minimize diffusion to the surroundings. It's about equipment.

As modern society develops, various types of electronic devices are produced, and electronic devices that supply current wirelessly rather than wired are indispensably used with built-in batteries.

Lithium-ion batteries, which are generally charged and used, have increased exponentially as portable devices such as wireless phones, smartphones, and mobile devices are widely used, and the use of battery packs containing a plurality of unit battery cells is increasing recently. .

As the use of batteries increases, the amount of waste batteries also increases rapidly. In the case of waste batteries, it is not easy to dispose of them because they are classified as designated waste in accordance with the Enforcement Rules of the Waste Management Act. There is a problem that this intensifies and harms the environment.

In addition, current waste battery recycling methods mainly consist of smelting or dry smelting to recover metal alloys.

In particular, in recycling facilities using pyrolysis, fine dust or dust from pulverized waste batteries is included in the air, which not only contains harmful components that can accumulate in the alveoli of workers, but also contains components that cause environmental pollution. there is.

In order to solve this problem, Korean Patent Registration No. 10-1574641 automates the disassembly process of waste batteries to reduce the disassembly and treatment time of waste batteries, and circulates and reuses the injection water used during disassembly, thereby reducing waste batteries. A technology related to a waste battery disassembly device capable of reducing disassembly and disposal costs is disclosed.

However, the above-described prior art has a problem that fine dust or dust generated in the process of crushing the waste battery may be included in the air and accumulated in the alveoli of the worker, causing environmental pollution.

The present invention was created to solve the above problems, and in order to recycle the waste battery, the waste battery is shredded, and the positive and negative electrode materials in the form of powder generated in the crushing process are polished, air current (wind power) and filtration method. Waste batteries that can physically and mechanically separate and collect various materials from waste batteries by separating metal materials through magnetic force, and minimizing diffusion to the surroundings by purifying dust and gases generated in the waste battery treatment process It aims to provide recovery facilities.

In order to achieve the above object, a waste battery recovery facility according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a crushing unit for crushing raw materials including waste batteries input from the outside; Among the crushed materials generated in the crushing process of the crushing unit, dust and gas, black powder, and diaphragm (separation film) are collected through rising air current and vibration, and collection for sorting magnetic materials containing nickel through magnetic force. selection unit; A crushing unit for pulverizing the remaining crushed materials after passing through the collection and sorting unit into a finer size than the crushing unit through a crusher; a separation and collection unit that separates the pulverized materials pulverized by the pulverization unit according to the specific gravity of each component, and separates and collects the pulverized materials into copper, aluminum, and black powder; and a purification unit configured to purify dust and gas generated according to the process of the crushing unit, the collection and sorting unit, the crushing unit, and the separation and collection unit.

The crushing unit, a first crusher including a temperature sensor and a photoelectric sensor for crushing the raw material to a size of 3 to 4 cm, and detecting heat generated during the crushing process; It is possible to include; and a second crusher for crushing the raw materials shredded from the first crusher into smaller pieces than the first crusher.

The collection and sorting unit, air flow separation collector for separating and collecting dust and gas, black powder, and diaphragm (separation membrane) generated during the crushing process of raw materials through rising air current and vibration; And when the first other material, which is a crushed material remaining after separating dust and gas, black powder, and diaphragm (separator) in the air flow separation collector, is input, to select a magnetic material having magnetism from among the first other materials through magnetic force It is possible to include; a magnetic sorter.

The airflow separation collector moves the dust and gas generated during the crushing process to the pulse dust collector through rising airflow and vibration, and has filter nets installed on the upper and lower parts, so that the diaphragm paper does not pass through the upper filter net installed on the upper part. The (separation membrane) is moved to a diaphragm paper collector, and the black powder that has passed through the lower filter net installed therein is collected, but the first other materials that do not pass through the lower filter net can be introduced into the magnetic separator.

The pulverizer may separate the magnetic material from the first other material input into the magnetic separator and pulverize the remaining second other material more finely than the pulverizer to form the pulverized material.

The separation and collection unit may include an analyzer for separating the pulverized material pulverized by the pulverizer according to specific gravity of each component; a first strainer that separates and collects the pulverized material that has passed through the analyzer into copper, aluminum, and black powder through a vibration filtration process; a polishing machine in which a third other material not collected in the first strainer is input and an additional polishing process is performed; a second strainer for separating and collecting the third other material polished through the polishing machine into copper and aluminum and black powder through a vibration filtering process; a specific gravity separator that separates copper and aluminum mixed materials into copper and aluminum according to specific gravity when the mixed material of copper and aluminum recovered from the first and second strainers is input; and a material collector for collecting the black powder recovered from the analyzer and the specific gravity sorter.

The analyzer is a bag-type collector in which, when the pulverized material pulverized by the pulverizer is introduced to the lower end of the analyzer, it is separated according to the rising vortex airflow formed in the analyzer, and components having a low specific gravity are disposed at the top of the analyzer. It is possible that components with a high specific gravity fall to the pipe wall of the analyzer and be moved to the first strainer disposed at the lower end of the analyzer.

The first strainer is connected to the analyzer by a soft connection method so that the entire process proceeds in a closed negative pressure environment, and it is possible to collect copper, aluminum, and black powder through a vibration filtration process.

In the specific gravity separator, outlets for separating and discharging copper and aluminum mixed materials are disposed in the front and rear of the specific gravity separator, and relatively heavy copper is sorted and discharged from the discharge port disposed in the front, and disposed in the rear It is possible for the relatively light weight aluminum to be screened and discharged from the discharge port.

The material collector may include a first material collector for collecting the black powder recovered from the analyzer; and a second material collector for collecting the black powder recovered from the specific gravity sorter.

The purification unit may include a pulse dust collector that collects dust and gas generated according to the processing of the crushing unit, the collection sorting unit, the crushing unit, and the separation and collection unit through negative pressure air flow; a fountain tower in which the dust and gas collected through the pulse dust collector are purified and discharged while entering the lower part and rising to the upper part; an activated carbon adsorption tank for adsorbing and purifying contaminants in the gas discharged from the fountain tower by using surface adsorption of activated carbon; and a UV photolysis unit that removes the smell of the gas discharged from the activated carbon adsorption tank through ultraviolet rays, wherein the pulse dust collector, the fountain tower, the activated carbon adsorption tank, and the UV photolysis unit sequentially pass through to purify dust and gas it is possible

In the fountain tower, in the process of entering the lower part of the fountain tower and rising to the upper part of the fountain tower, the dust and gas generated during the operation of the fountain tower are purified through contact with the liquid in the fountain tower, and discharged through the dehydration layer to the activated carbon adsorption tank. It is possible to move to

The waste battery recovery facility includes a discharger that mechanically damages the structure of the waste battery to release energy remaining in the waste battery; It is possible to further include; and a thermal decomposition furnace for removing moisture in the waste battery using electricity or natural gas.

The waste battery recovery facility according to the present invention separates the positive and negative electrode materials in the form of powder generated in the crushing process by grinding, air current (wind power) and filtration, and effectively separates the metal materials through magnetic force to obtain various materials of the waste battery. It has the effect of physically and mechanically separating and recovering.

In addition, according to one embodiment of the present invention, as the work of separating and discharging each material using the difference in specific gravity is performed, there is no need to undergo a separate sorting work from the separated materials, thereby improving work efficiency.

In addition, according to an embodiment of the present invention, there is an effect of reducing environmental pollution by purifying dust and gas generated in the waste battery treatment process and minimizing diffusion to the surroundings.

1 is a schematic configuration diagram of a waste battery recovery facility according to an embodiment of the present invention.
2 is a process flow chart of a waste battery recovery facility according to an embodiment of the present invention.
3 and 4 are views schematically showing the overall structure of a waste battery recovery facility according to an embodiment of the present invention.

In the following, various embodiments and/or aspects are disclosed with reference now to the drawings. In the following description, for purposes of explanation, numerous specific details are set forth in order to facilitate a general understanding of one or more aspects. However, it will also be appreciated by those skilled in the art that such aspect(s) may be practiced without these specific details. The following description and accompanying drawings describe in detail certain illustrative aspects of one or more aspects. However, these aspects are exemplary and some of the various methods in principle of the various aspects may be used, and the described descriptions are intended to include all such aspects and their equivalents.

References to “embodiment,” “example,” “aspect,” “example,” etc., used in this specification should not be construed as indicating that any aspect or design described is preferable to or advantageous over other aspects or designs. .

Also, the terms "comprises" and/or "comprising" mean that the feature and/or element is present, but excludes the presence or addition of one or more other features, elements and/or groups thereof. It should be understood that it does not.

In addition, terms including ordinal numbers such as first and second may be used to describe various components, but the components are not limited by the terms. These terms are only used for the purpose of distinguishing one component from another. For example, a first element may be termed a second element, and similarly, a second element may be termed a first element, without departing from the scope of the present invention. The terms and/or include any combination of a plurality of related recited items or any of a plurality of related recited items.

In addition, in the embodiments of the present invention, unless otherwise defined, all terms used herein, including technical or scientific terms, are those commonly understood by those of ordinary skill in the art to which the present invention belongs. have the same meaning. Terms such as those defined in commonly used dictionaries should be interpreted as having a meaning consistent with the meaning in the context of the related art, and unless explicitly defined in the embodiments of the present invention, an ideal or excessively formal meaning not be interpreted as

The present invention relates to a waste battery recovery facility, and specifically, waste batteries are shredded to recycle waste batteries, and powdery positive and negative electrode materials generated during the crushing process are separated by grinding, air current (wind power), and filtration. and metal materials are separated through magnetic force to physically and mechanically separate and collect various materials from waste batteries, and purify dust and gases generated in the waste battery treatment process to minimize diffusion to the surroundings. Its purpose is to provide facilities.

For a more detailed description, the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings, and a plurality of drawings may be simultaneously referred to to describe one technical feature and components constituting the invention.

On the other hand, in the following description, although some components are omitted or excessively enlarged or reduced in order to explain the function of each component of the present invention, the matters described in the drawings represent the technical features and rights of the present invention. It will be understood that it is not intended to limit the scope.

In addition, in the following description, a plurality of drawings will be described with reference to one technical feature or component constituting the invention at the same time.

Meanwhile, schematically looking at the accompanying drawings as a description of the present invention, FIG. 1 shows a schematic configuration diagram of a waste battery recovery facility, FIG. 2 shows a process flow chart of the waste battery recovery facility, and FIG. 3 And 4 shows a diagram schematically showing the overall structure of the waste battery recovery facility.

Referring to FIG. 1 showing a schematic configuration of a waste battery recovery facility according to an embodiment of the present invention, the waste battery recovery facility in the present invention includes a crushing unit 10 and a collection sorting unit 20 , It consists of a grinding unit 30, a separation and collection unit 40 and a purification unit 50.

First, the shredding unit 10 has a configuration for shredding raw materials including waste batteries introduced from the outside through a conveyor belt of a transmitter 11, which is a raw material input facility, and includes a first shredder 12 and a second shredder 13 ) is composed of

The first crusher 12 crushes the raw material moved through the transmitter 11 to a size of 3 to 4 cm, and a temperature sensor and a photoelectric sensor (not shown) for detecting heat generated during the crushing process. ) may be included.

The temperature sensor and the photoelectric sensor (not shown) are configured to sense heat generated during the crushing process of the crushing unit 10 and are disposed in one area of the first crusher 12, and the temperature sensor is configured to detect heat generated during the crushing process. When a fire occurs, an abnormal temperature is detected, and the photoelectric sensor causes a scattering phenomenon of light emitted from a light emitting element of the photoelectric sensor when smoke is generated during a fire, and the light receiving element of the photoelectric sensor detects this to cause a fire. You can check whether or not.

Next, the second crusher 13 may crush the raw material crushed from the first crusher 12 into smaller pieces than the first crusher 12 (eg, 1 to 2 cm).

At this time, the crushed material passing through the first crusher 12 and the second crusher 13 may be transmitted to the collection sorting unit 20 .

The collection sorting unit 20 collects dust and gas, black powder, and diaphragm paper (separation membrane) among the crushed materials generated in the crushing process of the crushing unit 10 through rising air current and vibration, and contains nickel. As a configuration for sorting magnetic materials having magnetic properties to be separated through magnetic force, it is composed of an airflow separation collector 21 and a magnetic separator 22.

The air flow separation collector 21 is capable of separating and collecting the crushed materials generated during the crushing process of raw materials into dust and gas, black powder, and diaphragm (separator) through rising air current and vibration.

On the other hand, the airflow separation collector 21 moves the dust and gas generated during the crushing process to the pulse dust collector 51 through rising airflow and vibration, and a filter net is installed on the upper and lower parts of the airflow separation collector 21 Therefore, the diaphragm (separation membrane) that did not pass through the upper filtration net installed on the upper part is moved to the diaphragm collector 23 and collected, and the black powder that has passed through the upper filter net and the lower filter net installed on the lower part can be immediately collected. can

In addition, the first other materials, which are crushed materials remaining without passing through the lower filter net of the air flow separation collector 21, may be moved to the magnetic separator 22.

At this time, according to an embodiment of the present invention, it is possible to separate the black powder and the diaphragm (separator) by using a 30-mesh upper filter net and a 120-mesh filter net for the lower filter net, and the size of the filter net is changed. This is possible, and the present invention is not limited thereto.

The magnetic separator 22, when the first other material remaining after separating dust and gas, black powder, and diaphragm paper (separation film) from the air flow separation collector 21 is input, enters the first other material through magnetic force. 1 Among other materials, magnetic materials with magnetism can be selected.

That is, the first other material that does not pass through the lower filtering net of the air flow separation collector 21 is input and the magnetic material having magnetism is sorted out from among the first other materials.

At this time, the magnetic material is a ferromagnetic material such as nickel (Ni) and iron (Fe), which is strongly magnetized in the direction of a magnetic field and has a property of being strongly attracted to a magnet. The entire amount of nickel (Ni) and iron (Fe) can be recovered.

On the other hand, the crushing unit 30 passes through the collection and sorting unit 20 including the air flow separation collector 21 and the magnetic separator 22, and the remaining crushed materials pass through the crusher 31 to the crushing unit 10 ), the second other material remaining after separating the magnetic material from the first other material inputted into the magnetic separator 22 through the air flow separation collector 21 is passed through the grinder 31 It is possible to form a pulverized material by pulverizing (for example, 0.2 to 0.8 mm) more finely than the crushing part 10 through.

Next, the separation and collection unit 40 separates the pulverized material pulverized in the pulverization unit 30 according to the specific gravity of each component, separates into copper and aluminum, and black powder, and collects the analyzer ( 41), a first strainer 42, a grinder 43, a second strainer 44, a specific gravity separator 45, and material collectors 46 and 47.

The analyzer 41 separates the pulverized material pulverized by the pulverizer 31 according to the specific gravity of each component, and the pulverized material pulverized by the grinder 31 is put into the lower end of the analyzer 41. When it is, it is separated according to the rising vortex airflow formed in the analyzer 41, and the component with a low specific gravity is collected in a bag-type collector disposed on the top of the analyzer 41, and the component with a high specific gravity is collected in the analyzer ( 41) and can be moved to the first strainer 42 disposed at the bottom of the analyzer 41.

The first strainer 42 is configured to separate and collect the pulverized material that has passed through the analyzer 41 into copper, aluminum, and black powder through a vibration filtration process, and the analyzer 41 and the soft connection method Connected, the entire process is carried out in a closed negative pressure environment, and copper and aluminum and black powder can be collected through the vibration filtration process.

On the other hand, the first strainer 42 has filter nets installed at the top and bottom, and collects copper and aluminum that do not pass through the upper filter net installed on the upper part, and the black powder that has passed through the upper filter net and the lower filter net is immediately can be collected

In addition, the remaining pulverized material that did not pass through the lower filter net of the first strainer 42, that is, the third other material remaining after separating some copper, aluminum, and black powder from the pulverized material, is passed through the grinder 43 can be moved

At this time, it is possible to separate copper, aluminum, and black powder by using a 30-mesh upper filter net and a 120-mesh filter net for the lower filter net, and the size of the filter net can be changed, and the present invention is not limited thereto. .

The polishing machine 43 receives the third other materials that have not been collected in the first strainer 42 and performs an additional polishing process to further recover copper, aluminum, and black powder among the third other materials. In this configuration, the third other material polished by performing an additional polishing process through the polishing machine 43 is moved to the second strainer 44 to proceed with the next process.

The second strainer 44 is configured to separate and collect the third other material polished by the polishing machine 43 into copper and aluminum and black powder through a vibration filtering process, having a size of 120 mesh Since a filtering net is installed, copper and aluminum that have not passed through the filtering net are recovered from the upper outlet of the second strainer 44, and the black powder that has passed through the filtering net is recovered from the lower outlet of the second strainer 44 It can be.

Next, the specific gravity separator 45 is configured to separate into copper and aluminum according to specific gravity when the copper and aluminum mixed materials recovered from the first strainer 42 and the second strainer 44 are input, copper and aluminum Discharge ports for separating and discharging mixed materials into copper and aluminum are disposed in the front and rear of the specific gravity separator 45, and in the discharge ports disposed in the front, relatively heavy copper is sorted and discharged, and disposed in the rear In the outlet, relatively light weight aluminum can be selected and discharged.

Meanwhile, the material collectors 46 and 47 are configured to collect the black powder recovered from the analyzer 41 and the specific gravity sorter 45, and are configured to collect the first material collector 46 and the second material collector 47. Consists of.

The first material collector 46 may collect the black powder recovered from the specific gravity separator 45, and the second material collector 47 may collect the black powder recovered from the analyzer 41.

Looking back to FIG. 1, the purification unit 50 is generated according to the process of the crushing unit 10, the collection sorting unit 20, the crushing unit 30, and the separation and collection unit 40. It is a configuration for purifying dust and gas, and is composed of a pulse dust collector 51, a fountain tower 52, an activated carbon adsorption tank 53, and a UV light decomposition unit 54.

The pulse dust collector 51 removes dust and gas generated by the processes of the crushing unit 10, the collection and sorting unit 20, the crushing unit 30, and the separation and collection unit 40 into negative pressure airflow. It is composed of a first pulse collector 51a, a second pulse collector 51b, a third pulse collector 51c, and a fourth pulse collector 51d.

The first pulse dust collector 51a collects dust and gas generated in the crushing process of the crushing part 10 and the diaphragm paper collector 23, and the second pulse dust collector 51b collects dust and gas generated from the crushing part 30 ) and dust and gas generated from the second material collector 47 are collected, and the third pulse collector 51c is used to collect dust and gas generated from the grinder 43 and the second strainer 44 Gas is collected, and the fourth pulse dust collector 51d may collect dust and gas generated from the specific gravity separator 45 and the first material collector 46, and each pulse dust collector 51 collects dust. One dust and gas can be transferred to the fountain tower 52.

According to an embodiment of the present invention, the pulse dust collector 51 is composed of 4 units, but the number of installed pulse dust collectors 51 may vary depending on the scale and workload of the waste battery recovery facility, and thus the present invention is limited. It doesn't work.

On the other hand, the fountain tower 52 has a configuration in which the dust and gas collected through the pulse dust collector 51 enter the lower part and are purified and discharged while rising upward, and the dust and gas generated during the operation of the waste battery recovery facility are discharged. In the process of entering the lower part of the fountain tower 52 and rising to the upper part of the fountain tower 52, it is purified through contact with the liquid in the fountain tower 52, and is discharged through a dehydration layer to move to the activated carbon adsorption tank 53. can

At this time, according to an embodiment of the present invention, the purification air volume of the fountain tower 52 is 15000 m ³ /h, and it is possible that the dust collection purification rate is 99% or more.

The activated carbon adsorption tank 53 is configured to adsorb and purify pollutants in the gas discharged from the fountain tower 52 by using the surface adsorption force of activated carbon, and the activated carbon adsorption tank 53 has porous activated carbon inside. It is possible to adsorb and remove dust and gas discharged from the fountain tower 52 by filling the tower.

Next, the UV decomposition unit 54 is configured to remove the odor of the gas discharged from the activated carbon adsorption tank 53 through ultraviolet rays, and can remove the odor of the gas through UV rays of high energy and high ozone. In this case, it is possible that the odor removal effect of the UV light decomposition unit 54 is 99% or more.

Therefore, the purification unit 50 sequentially passes through the pulse dust collector 51, the fountain tower 52, the activated carbon adsorption tank 53, and the UV decomposition unit 54, and the crushing unit 10, the It is to purify dust and gas generated according to the process of the collection and sorting unit 20, the crushing unit 30 and the separation and collection unit 40.

Meanwhile, according to an embodiment of the present invention, the waste battery recovery facility may further include a discharger (not shown) and a thermal furnace (not shown).

The discharger (not shown) mechanically breaks the structure of the waste battery to release energy remaining in the waste battery, and includes the crushing unit 10, the collection sorting unit 20, the crushing unit 30, Prior to the separation and collection unit 40 and the purification unit 50, a process of discharging the remaining energy in the waste battery through the discharger (not shown) is performed to prevent smoke or sparks from occurring during the shredding process of the waste battery It has the effect of reducing the possibility of fire occurrence.

In this case, the discharger (not shown) may include a battery cover cutter, a battery cover collector, a case and cell separator, a battery case transmitter, a battery cell transporter, and a battery cell discharge table.

The battery cover cutter may separate the cover portion of the waste battery through the battery cover cutter when the waste battery, which is a raw material, is input.

Next, the separated cover portion may be separately collected in the battery cover collection car, and the remaining portion may be transferred to the case and cell separator.

When the waste battery from which the battery cover is removed is put into the case and the cell separator, the waste battery from which the battery cover is removed may be separated into a battery case and a battery cell.

At this time, the separated battery case may be moved through the battery case transmitter and immediately collected, and the battery cell may be moved to the battery cell discharge zone through the battery cell transporter to perform a discharging process.

Meanwhile, dust and gas generated during the process of separating the battery cover, the process of separating the battery case and the battery cell, and the process of discharging the battery cell may be collected and purified through negative pressure airflow.

Next, the thermal decomposition (not shown) is to remove moisture in the waste battery using electricity or natural gas, when the electrolyte is relatively large in the waste battery or stored without waterproof management during transportation and storage of the waste battery. This configuration is used to prevent a problem in which a lot of moisture is formed in the waste battery and the quality of the recovered product recovered through the waste battery recovery facility is deteriorated.

According to an embodiment of the present invention, the crushing generated in the crushing process of the crushing unit 10 is disposed between the air flow separation collector 21 and the magnetic separator 22 by disposing the thermal damage furnace (not shown). It is possible to improve the quality of the recovered product by removing moisture in the material, and it will be possible to place the heat cracking furnace (not shown) in another location, but the present invention is not limited thereto.

Hereinafter, with reference to FIGS. 2 and 3, a process of separating and collecting materials included in the waste battery among the processes of the waste battery recovery facility having the above-described configuration will be described.

First, when raw materials including waste batteries are input from the outside into the shredding unit 10 through a conveyor belt of the transmitter 11, which is a raw material input facility including waste batteries, the first unit of the shredding unit 10 The crusher 12 operates to crush the raw material into a size of 3 to 4 cm.

Next, the second crusher 13 crushes the raw material crushed by the first crusher 12 into smaller pieces (for example, 1 to 2 cm) than the first crusher 12, and the collection sorting unit 20 ) to the airflow separation collector 21.

The crushed material introduced into the airflow separation collector 21 is separated into dust and gas, black powder, and diaphragm paper (separation film) through rising airflow and vibration, and the dust and gas are moved to the pulse dust collector 51, The diaphragm paper (separation membrane) that did not pass through the upper filter net of the air flow separation collector 21 is moved to the diaphragm paper collector 23 and recovered in its entirety, and the black powder that has passed through the upper filter net and the lower filter net is immediately collected. can

At this time, about 10% of the total amount of black powder collected in the air stream separation collector 21 is collected and recovered.

Next, the first other material, which is the crushed material remaining without passing through the lower filter net of the airflow separation collector 21, is moved to the magnetic separator 22, and the magnetic material having magnetism among the first other materials, that is, Ferromagnetic materials such as nickel (Ni) and iron (Fe) in waste batteries can be separated and recovered in their entirety.

On the other hand, the magnetic separator 22 separates the magnetic materials (nickel (Ni) and iron (Fe)), and the second other material, which is the remaining material, is crushed through the crusher 31 of the crushing unit 30. Part 10 is pulverized (for example, 0.2 to 0.8 mm) to form a pulverized material, and the pulverized material is transmitted to the analyzer 41 of the separation and collection unit 40, and the lower end of the analyzer 41 is put into

The pulverized material introduced into the analyzer 41 is separated according to the specific gravity of each component, and components with low specific gravity are collected in a bag-type collector disposed on the top of the analyzer 41, and components with high specific gravity are collected in the analyzer 41 ) and can be moved to the first strainer 42 disposed at the bottom of the analyzer 41.

The pulverized material passing through the analyzer 41 and moving to the first strainer 42 may be separated into copper, aluminum, and black powder through a vibration filtration process and collected.

At this time, about 50% of the total amount of black powder collected in the analyzer 41 is collected and recovered.

On the other hand, the remaining pulverized material that did not pass through the lower filter net of the first strainer 42, that is, the third other material remaining after separating some copper, aluminum, and black powder from the pulverized material, is passed through the grinder 43. The second strainer (44) can be moved to

The second strainer 44 may separate and collect the third other material polished through the grinding into copper and aluminum and black powder through a vibration filtering process.

At this time, the amount of black powder collected in the second strainer 44 is about 30% of the total amount of black powder collected and recovered.

Next, the copper and aluminum mixed material recovered from the first and second strainers 44 is put into the specific gravity separator 45 and separated into copper and aluminum, and relatively heavy copper at the outlet disposed in the front is selected and discharged, and relatively light weight aluminum can be selected and discharged from the discharge port disposed at the rear.

At this time, in the specific gravity selector 45, the entire amount of copper and aluminum constituting the waste battery is recovered.

Meanwhile, the first material collector 46 may collect the black powder recovered from the specific gravity separator 45, and the second material collector 47 may collect the black powder recovered from the analyzer 41. there is.

At this time, the amount of black powder collected through the first material collector 46 is about 6% of the total amount of black powder collected and recovered, and the amount of black powder collected through the second material collector 47 is the total amount of black powder. 4% of the amount of powder is collected and recovered.

Hereinafter, the purification unit 50 purifies dust and gas generated according to the process of the crushing unit 10, the collection sorting unit 20, the crushing unit 30, and the separation and collection unit 40. Please explain the process of doing it.

First, the purification unit 50 sequentially passes through the pulse dust collector 51, the fountain tower 52, the activated carbon adsorption tank 53, and the UV photolysis unit 54, while the crushing unit 10, the Dust and gas generated according to the process of the collection and sorting unit 20, the crushing unit 30 and the separation and collection unit 40 are purified.

At this time, the pulse dust collector 51 is composed of four pulse dust collectors 51, and the first pulse dust collector 51a is the dust and gas generated during the crushing process of the crushing unit 10 and the diaphragm separation unit. and the second pulse dust collector 51b collects dust and gas generated in the crushing process of the crushing unit 30 and the second material collector 47, and the third pulse dust collector 51c Dust and gas generated from the grinder 43 and the second strainer 44 are collected, and the fourth pulse dust collector 51d collects dust and gas generated from the specific gravity separator 45 and the first material collector 46. Dust and gas can be collected, and the dust and gas collected in each pulse collector 51 can be moved to the fountain tower 52.

The dust and gas collected in the fountain tower 52 through the pulse dust collector 51 enters the lower part of the fountain tower 52 and is purified through contact with the liquid in the fountain tower 52 in the process of rising to the upper part, It is discharged through the dehydration layer and moves to the activated carbon adsorption tank 53, and the activated carbon adsorption tank 53 is filled with porous activated carbon to adsorb and remove dust and gas discharged from the fountain tower 52. there is.

Finally, the UV decomposition unit 54 can remove and discharge the smell of the gas discharged from the activated carbon adsorption tank 53 through high-energy and high-ozone UV ultraviolet rays.

Overall, according to one embodiment of the present invention described above, the waste battery recovery facility according to the present invention separates the amount of powder and cathode materials generated in the crushing process by grinding, air current (wind power) and filtration, and metal Materials are effectively separated through magnetic force, and various materials of waste batteries can be physically and mechanically separated and recovered.

In addition, according to the present invention, as the work of separating and discharging each material using the specific gravity difference is performed, there is no need to undergo a separate sorting work from the separated materials, thereby improving work efficiency.

In addition, the present invention has an effect of reducing environmental pollution by purifying dust and gas generated in the waste battery treatment process and minimizing diffusion to the surroundings.

Although the waste battery recovery facility has been described in the above description of the present invention, the spirit of the present invention is not limited to the embodiments presented herein, and those skilled in the art who understand the spirit of the present invention are within the scope of the same spirit. In, other embodiments can be easily proposed by addition, change, deletion, addition, etc. of components, but this will also be said to fall within the scope of the present invention.

In addition, terms such as "include", "comprise" or "have" described above mean that the corresponding component may be inherent unless otherwise stated, excluding other components. It should be construed as being able to further include other components. All terms, including technical or scientific terms, have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which the present invention belongs, unless defined otherwise. Commonly used terms, such as terms defined in a dictionary, should be interpreted as consistent with the meaning in the context of the related art, and unless explicitly defined in the present invention, they are not interpreted in an ideal or excessively formal meaning.

The above description is merely an example of the technical idea of the present invention, and various modifications and variations can be made to those skilled in the art without departing from the essential characteristics of the present invention. Therefore, the embodiments disclosed in the present invention are not intended to limit the technical idea of the present invention, but to explain, and the scope of the technical idea of the present invention is not limited by these embodiments. The protection scope of the present invention should be construed according to the claims below, and all technical ideas within the equivalent range should be construed as being included in the scope of the present invention.

Claims (13)

A shredding unit for shredding raw materials including waste batteries introduced from the outside;
Among the crushed materials generated in the crushing process of the crushing unit, dust and gas, black powder, and diaphragm (separation film) are collected through rising air current and vibration, and collection for sorting magnetic materials containing nickel through magnetic force. selection unit;
A crushing unit for pulverizing the remaining crushed materials after passing through the collection and sorting unit into a finer size than the crushing unit through a crusher;
a separation and collection unit that separates the pulverized materials pulverized by the pulverization unit according to the specific gravity of each component, and separates and collects the pulverized materials into copper, aluminum, and black powder; and
A purification unit for purifying dust and gas generated according to the process of the crushing unit, the collection and sorting unit, the crushing unit, and the separation and collection unit; including,
The crushing part,
A first crusher including a temperature sensor and a photoelectric sensor for crushing the raw material to a size of 3 to 4 cm and sensing heat generated during the crushing process; and
A second crusher for crushing the raw materials shredded from the first crusher into smaller pieces than the first crusher; including,
The temperature sensor and the photoelectric sensor are disposed in one area of the first crusher, the temperature sensor detects an abnormal temperature during a crushing process, and the photoelectric sensor detects smoke generated in the event of a fire to occur during a crushing process. detect a fire,
The collection selection unit,
An airflow separation collector that separates and collects dust and gas, black powder, and diaphragm paper (separation membrane) generated during the crushing process of raw materials through rising airflow and vibration; and
When the first other material, which is a crushed material remaining after separating dust and gas, black powder, and diaphragm (separator) in the air flow separation collector, is input, magnetic force to select a magnetic material having magnetism from among the first other materials through magnetic force Including; selector;
The air flow separation collector,
The dust and gas generated during the crushing process are moved to the pulse dust collector through rising air current and vibration,
Filter nets are installed on the upper and lower parts, so the diaphragm (separation membrane) that does not pass through the upper filter net installed on the upper part is moved to the diaphragm paper collector, and the black powder that has passed through the lower filter net installed on the lower part is collected,
Waste battery recovery equipment, characterized in that the first other material that did not pass through the lower filter net is introduced into the magnetic separator.
delete delete delete According to claim 1,
The crushing part,
A waste battery recovery facility, characterized in that the magnetic material is separated from the first other material introduced into the magnetic separator and the remaining second other material is finely pulverized than the crushing unit to form a pulverized material.
According to claim 1,
The separation and collection unit,
an analyzer for separating the pulverized material pulverized by the pulverizer according to specific gravity of each component;
a first strainer that separates and collects the pulverized material that has passed through the analyzer into copper, aluminum, and black powder through a vibration filtration process;
a polishing machine in which a third other material not collected in the first strainer is input and an additional polishing process is performed;
a second strainer for separating and collecting the third other material polished through the polishing machine into copper and aluminum and black powder through a vibration filtering process;
a specific gravity separator that separates copper and aluminum mixed materials into copper and aluminum according to specific gravity when the mixed material of copper and aluminum recovered from the first and second strainers is input; and
A waste battery recovery facility comprising a; material collector for collecting the black powder recovered from the analyzer and the specific gravity sorter.
According to claim 6,
The analyzer,
When the pulverized material pulverized in the pulverizer is introduced to the lower end of the analyzer, it is separated according to the rising vortex airflow formed in the analyzer, and components with a low specific gravity are collected in a bag-type collector disposed at the top of the analyzer, Waste battery recovery equipment, characterized in that the component with a high specific gravity falls to the pipe wall of the analyzer and is moved to the first strainer disposed at the bottom of the analyzer.
According to claim 6,
The first strainer,
Waste battery recovery equipment, characterized in that connected to the analyzer by a soft connection method, the entire process proceeds in a sealed negative pressure environment, and collects copper and aluminum and black powder through a vibration filtration process.
According to claim 6,
The specific gravity selector,
Discharge ports for separating and discharging copper and aluminum mixed materials are disposed in the front and rear of the specific gravity separator,
Waste battery recovery facility, characterized in that relatively heavy copper is sorted and discharged from the discharge port disposed at the front, and aluminum, which is relatively light in weight, is sorted and discharged from the discharge port disposed at the rear.
According to claim 6,
The material collector,
a first material collector for collecting the black powder recovered from the analyzer; and
A waste battery recovery facility comprising a; second material collector for collecting the black powder recovered from the specific gravity sorter.
According to claim 1,
The purification unit,
a pulse dust collector that collects dust and gas generated according to the processes of the crushing unit, the collection and sorting unit, the crushing unit, and the separation and collection unit through negative pressure air flow;
a fountain tower in which the dust and gas collected through the pulse dust collector are purified and discharged while entering the lower part and rising to the upper part;
an activated carbon adsorption tank for adsorbing and purifying contaminants in the gas discharged from the fountain tower by using surface adsorption of activated carbon; and
A UV photolysis unit for removing the odor of the gas discharged from the activated carbon adsorption tank through ultraviolet light; including,
Waste battery recovery equipment, characterized in that for purifying dust and gas while sequentially passing the pulse dust collector, the fountain tower, the activated carbon adsorption tank, and the UV photolysis unit.
According to claim 11,
The fountain tower,
In the process of entering the lower part of the fountain tower and rising to the upper part of the fountain tower, the dust and gas generated during the operation of the facility are purified through contact with the liquid in the fountain tower, discharged through the dehydration layer, and moved to the activated carbon adsorption tank. Waste battery recovery facility characterized by.
According to claim 1,
The waste battery recovery facility,
A discharger that mechanically damages the structure of the waste battery to release energy remaining in the waste battery; and
A waste battery recovery facility further comprising a thermal furnace for removing moisture in the waste battery using electricity or natural gas.

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