KR102508387B1 - pyrolysis apparatus of synthetic resi - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to an oil extraction apparatus for pyrolysis of synthetic resins which increases amounts and concentrations of oil when extracting oil by pyrolyzing waste plastics and the like, and improves an operation efficiency. The oil extraction apparatus for pyrolysis of synthetic resins, of the present invention, comprises: multiple pyrolysis units which heat and pyrolyze synthetic resins injected therein and are placed in parallel; a discharging chamber which is connected to each pyrolysis unit to have wax and oil vapors discharged from the pyrolysis units go therethrough; a screw shaft which is installed to the discharging chamber to rotate or reversely rotate and conveys the wax; a separation unit which is connected to the discharging chamber by a connection pipe to separate waxes remaining in the oil vapor discharged from the discharging chamber; an oil recovery unit which cools the oil vapor separated in the separation unit to recover oil; a wax capturing unit which captures the wax separated from the separation unit; and a wax injection unit which injects wax captured by the wax capturing unit or wax separated in the discharging chamber into at least one of the pyrolysis units.

Description

Pyrolysis apparatus of synthetic resin {pyrolysis apparatus of synthetic resi}

The present invention relates to an apparatus for thermal decomposition and emulsification of synthetic resin, and relates to an apparatus for thermal decomposition and emulsification of synthetic resin, which can increase the amount and concentration of oil when obtaining oil by thermal decomposition of waste plastics and the like, and at the same time increase operational efficiency.

Recently, since plastics are used in various fields throughout society, their production is increasing year by year, and correspondingly, the amount of waste plastics generated is also increased and discharged as various types of garbage, causing serious environmental pollution.

Many of these wastes are disposed of by landfill and incineration, but landfill is gradually impossible, and incineration also causes environmental problems such as air pollution, so an alternative recycling method is required. Among the recycling methods, the material recycling method is implemented only for some items with added value. However, in the case of waste plastics among them, even if recycled, their usefulness decreases due to deterioration in quality due to repeated use, and finally, chemical treatment is required.

Considering the domestic situation in which petroleum resources are scarce and the penetration rate of alternative energy must be greatly increased, the waste plastic pyrolysis and emulsification technology, which is a representative chemical treatment method, can be a very good resource recovery plan for waste plastic.

Plastics are made of hydrocarbons and are polymers with thousands to tens of thousands of atoms. When simple thermal decomposition occurs, plastics have a large boiling point distribution due to a wide carbon distribution, and a lot of wax components with low utilization value are produced, resulting in poor usability.

In addition, since wax is sensitive to heat and hardens easily, it causes clogging of nozzles and pipes, and productivity is significantly reduced due to cost burden due to work delays and repairs caused by wax.

Republic of Korea Patent Publication No. 10-2020-0126707: Pyrolysis oil production system from combustible waste and its use

The present invention was created to improve the above problems, and the amount and concentration of oil can be increased by arranging at least two or more pyrolysis furnaces in parallel, collecting wax generated in each pyrolysis furnace, and reinjecting it into each pyrolysis furnace for thermal decomposition Its purpose is to provide a thermal decomposition and emulsification device for synthetic resins that can increase the operating efficiency and at the same time.

In order to achieve the above object, the synthetic resin pyrolysis and emulsification apparatus of the present invention heats and pyrolyzes the synthetic resin introduced into the interior, and includes a plurality of pyrolysis units arranged in parallel; a discharge chamber connected to each of the pyrolysis units and through which wax and oil vapor discharged from the pyrolysis units pass; a screw shaft installed in the discharge chamber to be rotated forward and backward to transfer the wax; a separator connected to the discharge chamber through a connection pipe to separate wax remaining in the oil vapor discharged from the discharge chamber; an oil recovery unit for recovering oil by cooling the oil vapor separated in the separation unit; a wax collection unit for collecting the wax separated from the separation unit; and a wax injection unit for injecting the wax collected in the wax collection unit or the wax separated in the discharge chamber into at least one of the pyrolysis units.

The pyrolysis unit includes a housing, a rotary drum installed inside the housing, front and rear ends exposed to the outside of the housing and connected to the discharge chamber, a drive unit for driving the rotary drum, and a flame into the housing. A burner for heating the rotary drum by generating a burner, an exhaust pipe installed in the housing for discharging the exhaust gas generated from the rotary drum to the outside, and two burners spirally formed on the inner surface of the rotary drum and forming a pair. First double screw blades formed side by side in two lines, and spirally formed on the inner surface of the rotating drum, two pairs formed side by side in two lines, and second double screw blades spaced apart from the first double screw blades. to provide

To form a passage between the first double screw feathers, each of the first double screw feathers is provided with a first protruding rib protruding toward each other, and to form a passage between the second double screw feathers, the second double screw feathers are provided. Each of the screw feathers is provided with a second protruding rib protruding toward each other.

The wax injection unit includes a first screw conveyor for moving wax by connecting a discharge chamber installed in one of the pyrolysis units and the wax collecting unit, and a discharge chamber installed in another pyrolysis unit adjacent to the pyrolysis unit in which the first screw conveyor is installed, and A second screw conveyor is provided to move the wax by connecting the wax collection unit, and the oil recovery unit is installed at the lower part of the condenser to cool the oil vapor separated from the separation unit and cool it by cooling water. A storage tank is provided to store oil generated by condensation in the condenser.

As described above, the present invention arranges at least two or more pyrolysis furnaces in parallel, collects the wax generated in each pyrolysis furnace, and re-injects it into each pyrolysis furnace for thermal decomposition, thereby increasing the amount and concentration of oil and increasing operational efficiency. can

1 is a block diagram of a thermal decomposition and emulsification apparatus for synthetic resin according to an embodiment of the present invention;
2 is a side view of the pyrolysis unit applied in FIG. 1;
3 is a cross-sectional view showing the inside of a rotating drum applied to the pyrolysis unit of FIG. 2;
4 is a cross-sectional view showing the inside of a rotary drum applied to a pyrolysis unit according to another example of the present invention.

Hereinafter, a synthetic resin thermal decomposition and emulsification device according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail.

1 to 3, the pyrolysis and emulsification device for synthetic resin of the present invention heats and pyrolyzes the synthetic resin introduced into the inside, and is connected to a plurality of pyrolysis units 10 arranged in parallel and each pyrolysis unit 10 and a discharge chamber 20 through which wax and oil vapor discharged from the pyrolysis units 10 pass, and a screw shaft 25 installed in the discharge chamber 20 to rotate forward and reverse to transfer the wax, In order to separate the wax remaining in the oil vapor discharged from the discharge chamber 20, the separation unit 40 connected to the discharge chamber 20 and the connection pipe 30 cools the oil vapor separated from the separation unit 40 to oil In the oil recovery unit 50 for recovering, the wax collection unit 60 for collecting the wax separated from the separation unit 40, and the wax collected in the wax collection unit 60 or the discharge chamber 20 A wax injection unit for injecting the separated wax into at least one of the pyrolysis units 10 is provided.

The thermal decomposition unit 10 thermally decomposes synthetic resin such as waste plastic at a high temperature of about 340 to 380 °C.

At least two or more pyrolysis units 10 are arranged in parallel. The illustrated example shows a state in which three pyrolysis units 10 are arranged in parallel. Unlike the illustration, two or four or more pyrolysis units 10 may be arranged in parallel, of course.

Each pyrolysis unit 10 includes a housing 11, a rotary drum 15 installed inside the housing 11, front and rear ends exposed to the outside of the housing 10 and connected to the discharge chamber 20, and rotation. A drive unit for driving the drum 15, a burner 100 for heating the rotary drum 15 by generating flame into the housing 11, and a burner 100 installed in the housing 11 to An exhaust pipe 12 for discharging the generated exhaust gas to the outside, a first double screw blade 17 formed in a spiral shape on the inner surface of the rotating drum 15, and two pairs of first double screw blades 17 formed side by side in two lines, and a rotating drum It is formed in a spiral shape on the inner surface of (17) and is provided with a second double screw blade (19) that is formed side by side in two lines by forming a pair and disposed spaced apart from the first double screw blade (17).

The housing 11 has a rectangular tubular structure. A heating chamber 13 is provided under the housing 11 . A plurality of burners 100 are mounted in the heating chamber 13 . A gas burner or an oil burner may be used as the burner 100 . The burner 100 heats the rotary drum 15 by generating a flame into the housing 11 .

The rotary drum 15 has a cylindrical structure. The rotating drum 15 is rotatably installed inside the housing 11 . The rotating drum 15 passes through the front and rear surfaces of the housing 11 . Accordingly, both front and rear ends of the rotating drum 15 are exposed to the outside of the housing 11 .

Although not shown, an inlet for inserting synthetic resin is provided on the front of the rotary drum 15, and a door that can be opened and closed is installed in the inlet.

The drive unit drives the rotary drum (15). The drive unit rotates when the motor 110, the drive gear 111 coupled to the drive shaft of the motor 110, the driven gear 113 formed at the rear end of the rotary drum 15, and the rotary drum 15 rotate. A support roller 117 for supporting the drum 15 is provided.

When the motor 110 operates, the rotary drum 15 is rotated. The rotary drum 15 may rotate at a speed of about 10 to 30 rpm.

The exhaust pipe 12 is installed in the housing 11. The exhaust pipe 11 discharges the exhaust gas generated in the rotary drum 15 during thermal decomposition of the synthetic resin to the outside.

The first and second double screw feathers 17 and 19 are formed on the inner surface of the rotary drum 15. The first and second double screw blades 17 and 19 are formed along a spiral trajectory.

Two first double screw feathers 17 are formed as a pair. Therefore, the first double screw blades 17 are formed in two rows adjacent to each other.

Two second double screw blades 19 are also formed as a pair. Therefore, the second double screw feathers 19 are formed side by side adjacent to each other in two lines. The second double screw blades 19 are spaced apart from the first double screw blades 17 by a predetermined distance.

As described above, according to the present invention, the structural strength of the rotating drum is increased by the quadruple structure of the spiral screw blades, and at the same time, rapid mixing is possible inside the rotating drum.

The above-described pyrolysis units 10 may be arranged in parallel to thermally decompose by melting synthetic resin at the same time, or thermally decompose by alternately melting synthetic resin.

For example, when synthetic resin is pyrolyzed by melting synthetic resin in one or two pyrolysis units 10 and synthetic resin is re-injected to pyrolyze, a process of emptying and cleaning the rotary drum 15 is required. In order to empty the rotary drum 15, time is required to cool the rotary drum 15, and after cooling, cleaning time is required to remove sludge or residues from the inside of the rotary drum 15. Therefore, driving is not possible during this time, which is inefficient. However, in the present invention, since a plurality of pyrolysis units 10 are arranged in parallel, when one or two pyrolysis units 10 are stopped, synthetic resin can be pyrolyzed in the remaining pyrolysis units 10, thus stopping operation of the entire system. The pyrolysis operation can be continued without

The discharge chamber 20 is installed one by one for each of the pyrolysis units 10.

The discharge chamber 20 is connected to the rear side of the rotary drum 15. For example, a part of the discharge chamber 20 passes through the rear surface of the rotary drum 15 and is located inside the rotary drum 15 . Unlike the rotary drum 15, the discharge chamber 20 is fixedly installed.

Wax and oil vapor generated during thermal decomposition in the pyrolysis unit 10 are discharged to the outside of the rotary drum 15 through the discharge chamber 20 .

Compared to oil vapor, wax has a relatively high boiling point and high molecular weight. Therefore, some of the wax remains in the discharge chamber 20 while being gelled. In addition, the oil vapor and vaporized wax flow into the separator 40 through the connection pipe 30 .

A screw shaft 25 is installed inside the discharge chamber 20 . The screw shaft 25 can be rotated forward and backward by a motor. When the screw shaft 25 rotates forward, the wax moves from the front to the rear within the discharge chamber 20 . Also, when the screw shaft 25 rotates in reverse, the wax moves from the back side to the front side.

In this way, by controlling the rotation direction of the screw shaft 25, the wax can be discharged to the outside of the rotating drum or introduced into the inside of the rotating drum.

The separation unit 40 serves to separate wax remaining in the oil vapor discharged from the discharge chamber 20 . The separation unit 40 is connected to the discharge chamber 20 through a connection pipe 30.

The separation unit 40 is composed of a plurality of classification towers 41 and a transfer screw 45 installed under the classification tower 41 .

A connection pipe 30 is connected to the top of the fractionation tower 41. The oil vapor is introduced into the classification tower 40 through the upper part of the classification tower 41. The oil vapor collides with the structure installed inside the classification tower 41 to induce it to stay inside the classification tower 40 for a long time to separate the wax, and the separated wax flows downward by its own weight and flows into the transfer screw 45 .

A screw conveyor 47 is installed under the conveying screw 45. The screw conveyor 47 is connected to a wax collecting unit 60 to be described later. The wax separated from the fractionation tower 41 through the screw conveyor 47 is transported to the wax collection unit 60.

In the illustrated example, a plurality of classification units 40 are installed. For example, two classification units 40 are arranged in parallel. Accordingly, the two sorting units 40 may be operated simultaneously or sequentially.

The oil recovery unit 50 cools the oil vapor separated in the separation unit 40 to recover oil.

The oil recovery unit 50 includes a condenser 51 in which oil vapor flows into the inside and is cooled by cooling water, and a storage tank installed below the condenser 51 to store oil generated by condensation in the condenser 51 ( 55) is provided.

A plurality of capacitors 51 are provided. A cooling water line 53 is connected to each condenser 51 so that the oil vapor introduced into the condenser 51 can be cooled by the cooling water. A plurality of condensers 51 are connected in series to increase cooling efficiency. The oil vapor introduced into the first condenser 51 is condensed while passing through the remaining condensers 51 in turn.

The wax collecting unit 60 collects the wax separated from the separating unit 40 .

The wax collecting unit 60 includes a wax tank 61 and a controller 65 for injecting wax into the wax tank 61 or discharging wax from the wax tank 61 . Conventional actuators capable of inlet and outlet to the controller 65 may be used.

When a small amount of oil vapor is contained in the wax introduced into the wax tank 61, the wax tank 61 and the fractionation tower 51 are connected to the gas transfer pipe 69 so that the oil vapor can be transferred to the oil recovery unit 50. can be connected

In the illustrated example, a plurality of wax collection units 60 are installed. For example, two wax collection units 60 are arranged in parallel. Accordingly, the two wax collecting units 60 may be operated simultaneously or sequentially.

The wax injection unit injects the wax collected in the wax collection unit 60 or the wax separated from the discharge chamber 20 into at least one of the thermal decomposition units 10 .

The wax injection unit has a first screw conveyor 71 for moving wax by connecting the discharge chamber 20 installed in any one of the pyrolysis units 10 and the wax collecting unit 60, and the first screw conveyor 71 is installed. A second screw conveyor 75 is provided to move the wax by connecting the discharge chamber 20 installed in another pyrolysis unit adjacent to the pyrolysis unit and the wax collecting unit 60.

The first screw conveyor (71) and the second screw conveyor (75) are connected to each other in the wax collecting unit (60). Therefore, the wax discharged from the discharge chamber 20 of any one of the pyrolysis units 10 flows into the wax collecting unit 60 through the first screw conveyor 71 and is stored in the wax tank 61 or It is introduced into the conveyor 75 and can be moved to the discharge chamber 20 of another adjacent pyrolysis unit 10. At this time, the rotation direction of the screw shaft 25 installed in the discharge chamber 20 of the other pyrolysis unit 10 may be controlled to inject the wax into the rotary drum 15 of the pyrolysis unit 10 .

In this way, the synthetic resin may be thermally decomposed by injecting the wax generated when the synthetic resin is thermally decomposed in one thermal decomposition unit into another thermal decomposition unit. Accordingly, the fluidity can be increased and the thermal decomposition rate of the synthetic resin can be increased. In addition, the amount of wax generated in the entire system can be effectively reduced, and the amount and concentration of oil can be increased accordingly.

Meanwhile, the inside of the rotary drum applied to the pyrolysis unit according to another example of the present invention is shown in FIG. 4 .

Referring to FIG. 4 , first and second double screw blades 17 and 19 are formed on the inner surface of the rotary drum 15 along a spiral trajectory. It is the same as the example of FIG. 3 in that two first double screw blades 17 are formed in a pair, and two second double screw blades 19 are formed in a pair. However, there is a difference from FIG. 3 in that the first protruding rib 17a is formed on the first double screw blade 17 and the second protruding rib 19a is formed on the second double screw blade 19.

The two first double screw blades 17 each have a first protruding rib 17a protruding toward each other. The first protruding rib 17a may be formed by bending the first double screw feather 17 so that an end thereof protrudes sharply. The two first protruding ribs 17a are slightly spaced apart from each other without contact. The gap between the two first double screw blades 17 is narrowed by the first protruding rib 17a and a passage A is provided.

The second double screw blades 19 formed of a pair of two also have second protruding ribs 19a protruding toward each other. The second protruding rib 19a may be formed by bending the second double screw collar 19 so that an end thereof protrudes sharply. The two second protruding ribs 19a are slightly spaced apart from each other without contacting each other. The gap between the two second double screw blades 19 is narrowed by the second protruding rib 19a and a passage B is provided.

In this way, the strength of the first and second double screw blades 17 and 19 is greatly improved by the protruding ribs 17a and 19a. In addition, since the oil vapor can move along the passages A and B formed between the protruding ribs 17a and 19a and the inner surface of the housing 15, the oil vapor is easily discharged.

In the above, the present invention has been described with reference to one embodiment, but this is only exemplary, and those skilled in the art will understand that various modifications and equivalent embodiments are possible therefrom. Therefore, the true protection scope of the present invention should be defined only by the appended claims.

10: pyrolysis unit 20: discharge chamber
25: screw shaft 40: separating part
60: wax collection unit

Claims (4)

A plurality of pyrolysis units arranged in parallel to heat and pyrolyze the synthetic resin injected into the interior;
a discharge chamber connected to each of the pyrolysis units and through which wax and oil vapor discharged from the pyrolysis units pass;
a screw shaft installed in the discharge chamber to be rotated forward and backward to transfer the wax;
a separator connected to the discharge chamber through a connection pipe to separate wax remaining in the oil vapor discharged from the discharge chamber;
an oil recovery unit for recovering oil by cooling the oil vapor separated in the separation unit;
a wax collection unit for collecting the wax separated from the separation unit;
A wax injection unit for injecting the wax collected in the wax collection unit or the wax separated in the discharge chamber into at least one of the thermal decomposition units;
The pyrolysis unit includes a housing, a rotary drum installed inside the housing, front and rear ends exposed to the outside of the housing and connected to the discharge chamber, a drive unit for driving the rotary drum, and a flame into the housing. A burner for heating the rotary drum by generating a burner, an exhaust pipe installed in the housing for discharging the exhaust gas generated from the rotary drum to the outside, and two burners spirally formed on the inner surface of the rotary drum and forming a pair. First double screw blades formed side by side in two lines, and spirally formed on the inner surface of the rotating drum, two pairs formed side by side in two lines, and second double screw blades spaced apart from the first double screw blades. to provide,
In order to form a passage between the first double screw feathers, each of the first double screw feathers protrudes toward each other and is provided with a first protruding rib that narrows a gap between the first double screw feathers, and the second double screw feathers In order to form a passage therebetween, each of the second double screw blades is provided with a second protruding rib protruding toward each other to narrow a gap between the second double screw blades,
The wax collecting unit includes a wax tank and a controller for injecting wax into the wax tank or discharging wax from the wax tank,
The wax injection unit includes a first screw conveyor for moving wax by connecting a discharge chamber installed in one of the pyrolysis units and the wax collecting unit, and a discharge chamber installed in another pyrolysis unit adjacent to the pyrolysis unit in which the first screw conveyor is installed, and A second screw conveyor connecting the wax collecting unit to move the wax,
The first screw conveyor and the second screw conveyor are connected to each other in the wax collecting unit, and the wax discharged from the discharge chamber of any one of the pyrolysis units is stored in the wax tank through the first screw conveyor. Or the pyrolysis and emulsification apparatus for synthetic resin, characterized in that it is introduced into the second screw conveyor and moved to the discharge chamber of another adjacent pyrolysis unit.
delete delete The oil recovery unit according to claim 1, wherein the oil recovery unit includes a condenser in which oil vapor separated from the separation unit flows into the interior and is cooled by cooling water, and a storage unit installed below the condenser to store oil generated by condensation in the condenser. Thermal decomposition and emulsification apparatus for synthetic resin, characterized in that it comprises a tank.

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