KR102507407B1 - Fixture for thermal barrier coating of hot gas path parts by 3D printing laser cladding - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a fixture for thermal barrier coating of hot gas turbine parts. More specifically, the present invention relates to a fixture for thermal barrier coating of hot gas turbine parts, comprising: a main body with electronic device parts inside; a rotation frame rotatably installed on an upper surface of the main body; and fixing units arranged on an upper end of the rotation frame having hot parts for thermal barrier coating fixed and mounted on an upper surface. There are a plurality of fixing units installed along a circumference of the rotation frame apart from each other at regular intervals. After hot parts are fixed and mounted on the fixing units, if the thermal barrier coating is completed for the hot parts fixed and mounted on the fixing unit located on a lower side of a welding robot apparatus, the rotation frame rotates to perform the thermal barrier coating for the hot parts fixed and mounted on the next fixing unit. As such, according to the present invention, the fixture for thermal barrier coating of hot gas turbine parts by three-dimensional printing is able to have high laser energy efficiency and a very high attachment rate of around 90 % if the three-dimensional printing laser cladding lamination is applied, greatly reduce powder cost, increase the bonding force between a parent material and a bond layer to be double or more that of the sprayed coating method, especially minimize the air holes if lamination is conducted by giving minute vibration for preventing air holes due to overcooling during melting lamination process, remove residual stress, and improve bonding force between the parent material and the bond layer.

Description

Fixture for thermal barrier coating of hot gas path parts by 3D printing laser cladding}

The present invention relates to a fixing device for thermal barrier coating, and more particularly, to a fixing device for thermal barrier coating of high-temperature parts of a gas turbine by 3D printing.

Since Ni-Alloy or Co-Alloy super heat-resistant alloys used in gas turbine high-temperature parts such as blades, vanes, and combustors cannot maintain mechanical strength at high temperatures of 1,200 to 1,600 ° C, the surfaces of these parts are coated with thermal barrier coating (TBC, Thermal Barrier Coating) is applied to prevent high heat from being transferred to the material.

On the other hand, there is a cooling passage inside the material, which forcibly passes cooling air to lower the heat exerted on the material as much as possible to improve high-temperature corrosion resistance, oxidation resistance, fatigue, and creep characteristics to extend the life of high-temperature parts.

Conventional thermal barrier coatings include a ceramic top coating that suppresses the transfer of excessively high heat to the material surface and an MCrAlY (M=Ni, Co) bond coating that improves bonding and delays high temperature oxidation. ) is applied with a thermal spray method such as plasma spray or high velocity oxygen fuel, and in particular, a ceramic top coating of Yttria Stabilized Zirconia is applied to the upper surface of the bond coating. I am using it.

However, these thermal spray coatings are coated by melting powder and colliding it with the surface of high-temperature parts at high speed (150-900m/sec), so the ratio of coating to injected powder, that is, the adhesion rate, is very low at 40% or less, resulting in high cost. There are disadvantages such as being a thermal barrier coating process.

Republic of Korea Patent Registration No. 10-1455120 (fixed fixing device for thermal spray treatment material, registration date October 21, 2014) Republic of Korea Patent Registration No. 10-2147768 (Fixing device for fixing multiple gas turbine blades to thermal spray coating at once, registration date: August 19, 2020) Republic of Korea Patent Publication No. 2015-0126489 (LVPS coating for gas turbine vane fixing part, published on November 12, 2015) Republic of Korea Patent Registration No. 10-2252487 (Fixing part for gas turbine rotor coating, registration date May 10, 2021) Republic of Korea Patent Publication No. 10-1015443 (Blade painting fixture of air conditioner, registration date: February 10, 2011)

The present invention has been made to solve the above-mentioned problems, and since the heat shielding coating by 3D printing laser cladding cannot make the surface to be coated perpendicular to the ground surface unlike thermal spray coating, the present invention is a train suitable for 3D printing laser cladding The purpose is to provide a convenient coating fixing device such as a thermal spray coating fixing device for a waste coating fixing device.

The fixing device for heat shielding coating of high-temperature parts of a gas turbine by 3D printing of the present invention includes a main body having electronic parts embedded therein, a rotating frame installed to rotate on the upper surface of the main body, and a heat shield on top of the rotating frame. It consists of a fixing part in which high-temperature parts for coating are fixedly mounted on the upper surface, and a plurality of fixing parts are installed at regular intervals along the circumference of the rotating frame. When the heat shielding coating of the high-temperature parts fixed to the fixing part located at the lower part of the device is completed, the rotating frame is rotated to apply the heat shielding coating to the high-temperature part fixed to the fixing part of the next car.

As described above, when 3D printing laser cladding is applied using the fixing device for thermal shielding coating of gas turbine high temperature parts by 3D printing according to the present invention, the laser energy efficiency is high and the adhesion rate is very high at about 90%, which can significantly reduce powder cost. In addition, the bonding strength between the base material and the bond layer can be increased by more than twice that of thermal spray coating.

In particular, if laminated while giving fine vibration to prevent the occurrence of pores due to supercooling during melt lamination, there is a remarkable effect such as minimizing pores and removing residual stress to improve bonding strength between the base material and the bond layer. .

1 is a perspective view of a fixing device for thermal shielding coating of a gas turbine high-temperature part by 3D printing of the present invention.
Figure 2 is a perspective view of a state in which the partition of the gas turbine high-temperature part heat shield coating fixing device according to the present invention 3D printing protrudes.
Figure 3 is a perspective view of a state in which a high-temperature part is fixedly mounted to a fixing device for a gas turbine high-temperature part heat shield coating by 3D printing of the present invention.
Figure 4 is a perspective view of a state in which the partition protrudes after the high-temperature parts are fixed and mounted to the fixing part of the fixing device for the heat shield coating of the gas turbine high-temperature parts by 3D printing of the present invention.
5 is a perspective view of a state in which a welding robot device is configured in a fixing device for thermal shielding coating of a gas turbine high-temperature part by 3D printing of the present invention.
6 is a perspective view of another embodiment of a fixing device for thermal shielding coating of high-temperature parts of a gas turbine by 3D printing of the present invention.
Figure 7 is a high-temperature part repair and heat shield coating process diagram by 3D printing of the present invention.
8 is a schematic diagram of a high-temperature component repair and thermal barrier coating process by 3D printing of the present invention.

The fixing device for thermal shielding coating of gas turbine high-temperature parts by 3D printing of the present invention includes a main body 110 having electronic parts embedded therein, a rotating frame 120 installed to rotate on the upper surface of the main body 110, and It consists of a fixing part 130 fixedly mounted on the upper surface of the rotating frame 120 with a high-temperature part 300 for heat shielding coating, and a plurality of fixing parts 130 are rotating frame 120 It is installed at regular intervals along the circumference of the high-temperature part 300 fixed to the fixing part 130, and then fixedly mounted to the fixing part 130 located at the lower part of the welding robot device 200. When the heat shielding coating of 300 is completed, the rotating frame 120 rotates to apply the heat shielding coating to the high-temperature part 300 fixed to the fixing part 130 of the next car.

The fixing part 130 is characterized in that it is configured to be rotatable on the rotating frame 120.

And it is characterized in that the partition 140 is installed on the upper surface of the rotating frame 120 between the plurality of fixing parts 130.

The partition 140 is characterized in that it protrudes from the upper surface of the rotating frame 120 upward like an antenna.

In addition, the welding robot device 200 applies heat shielding coating to the high-temperature part 300 as laser cladding, and the fixing part 130 is the vertical part of the welding robot 240, which is a welding functional part of the welding robot device 200. It is characterized by its lower position.

The welding robot device 200 includes a base plate 210 formed long toward the fixing device 100, and a moving frame 220 mounted on the upper surface of the base plate 210 to move in a straight line toward the fixing device 100. And, a rotating frame 230 mounted to rotate on the upper surface of the moving frame 220, and a welding robot 240 in the form of a robot arm capable of performing a laser cladding operation on the upper surface of the rotating frame 230 Consists of However, the laser head 241 for performing laser cladding is configured in the robot arm of the welding robot 240, and the welding robot 240 is a high-temperature part ( 300) is characterized in that it is easy to be located vertically above the fixing part 130 in which it is fixedly mounted.

Hereinafter, a fixing device for heat shielding coating of a gas turbine high-temperature part by 3D printing of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

1 is a perspective view of a fixing device for thermal shielding coating of high-temperature parts of a gas turbine by 3D printing of the present invention, and FIG. 3 is a perspective view of a state in which the high-temperature parts are fixed and mounted to the fixing part of the fixing device for heat shielding coating of gas turbine high-temperature parts by 3D printing of the present invention, and FIG. A perspective view of a state in which a partition is protruded after a high-temperature part is fixed and mounted on a fixed part of the device, and FIG. 5 is a perspective view of a state in which a welding robot device is configured in a fixing device for thermal shielding coating of a gas turbine high-temperature part by 3D printing of the present invention. .

As shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. 5, a laser header 250 is melt-laminated vertically on the surface of the high-temperature part 300 to perform a 3D printing laser cladding process in which the speed of molten powder is very low compared to thermal spray coating. It is characteristic to do.

In the 3D printing laser cladding process, since the speed of the molten powder is very low compared to thermal spray coating, when the operation is performed on the side of the high temperature part 300, the coating liquid flows down along the surface of the high temperature part 300, so the high temperature part ( 300), the laser header 250 described below is located on the vertical upper side of the high-temperature component 300 to be melt-laminated.

Accordingly, the fixing device 100 for heat shielding coating of high-temperature parts of a gas turbine by 3D printing of the present invention includes a main body 110 having electronic parts embedded therein, and installed to rotate on the upper surface of the main body 110 It consists of a rotating frame 120 and a fixing part 130 fixedly mounted on the upper surface of the rotating frame 120 with a high-temperature part 300 for heat shielding coating on the top, and the fixing part 130 includes a plurality of The dog is installed at a predetermined interval along the circumference of the rotating frame 120, and after fixing the high-temperature part 300 to the fixing part 130, the fixing part 130 located at the lower part of the welding robot device 200 When the heat shielding coating of the high-temperature part 300 fixed to the car is completed, the rotating frame 120 rotates to apply the heat shielding coating to the high-temperature part 300 fixed to the fixing part 130 of the next car. is doing

More specifically, a rotating frame 120 rotating around the main body 110 is installed on the upper surface of the main body 110 in which electronic components are embedded.

The upper surface of the rotating frame 120 is provided with a fixing part 130 for fixing and mounting the high-temperature part 300 for thermal barrier coating on the upper surface. The fixing part 130 is rotatable on the rotating frame 120. The high-temperature part 300 rotates during laser cladding by the welding robot device 200 to be described later, so that the thermal barrier coating is more smoothly performed.

In particular, a plurality of the fixing parts 130 are installed at regular intervals along the circumference of the rotating frame 120 .

Accordingly, after the high-temperature parts 300 are fixedly mounted on all the fixing parts 130, the heat shielding coating of the high-temperature parts 300 fixedly mounted on the fixing part 130 located at the lower part of the welding robot device 200 is completed. Then, the rotating frame 120 is rotated to coat the high-temperature part 300 fixedly mounted to the fixing part 130 of the next car for heat shielding coating.

A partition 140 is installed on the upper surface of the rotating frame 120 between the plurality of fixing parts 130 to prevent surrounding foreign matter from being attached to the high-temperature part 300 during the laser cladding operation. The partition 140 allows the rotating frame 120 to protrude from the top to the top like an antenna.

Therefore, during work, the partition 140 protrudes upward from the rotating frame 120 so that foreign substances are buried in the high-temperature part 300, and the welding of the robot welding device 200 during the heat shield coating operation due to the operator's negligence To prevent touching the robot 240, in particular, the laser head 241 of the welding robot 240, and is usually inserted into the rotating frame 120 or protrudes only at a predetermined height from the surface of the rotating frame 120 By doing so, interference does not occur when the high-temperature part 300 is fixedly mounted to the fixing part 130 installed on the upper part of the rotating frame 120 using a hoist or crane.

Means for fixing the high-temperature component 300 to the fixing part 130 and means for protruding the partition 140 upward like an antenna are well-known techniques, so detailed descriptions thereof will be omitted.

On the other hand, the welding robot device 200 performing the heat shielding coating process is to perform heat shielding coating on the high-temperature part 300 as laser cladding, and the fixing part 130 of the present invention has the welding function of the welding robot device 200 It must be adjusted to be necessarily located vertically below the wife welding robot 240.

In addition, the welding robot device 200 included in the fixing device 100 of the present invention includes a base plate 210 formed long toward the fixing device 100, and a fixing device 100 on the upper surface of the base plate 210 The movable frame 220 mounted to move linearly toward the movable frame 220, the rotary frame 230 mounted to rotate on the upper surface of the movable frame 220, and the laser cladding operation can be performed on the upper surface of the rotary frame 230. It is characterized in that it consists of a welding robot 240 in the form of a robot arm.

Stoppers 222 are formed at both ends of the base plate 210 to prevent the moving frame 220 from being separated.

In particular, the laser head 241 for performing laser cladding is configured in the robot arm of the welding robot 240, and the welding robot 240 is moved to the high-temperature part 300 by the moving frame 220 and the rotating frame 230. ) was made very easy to be positioned vertically above the fixedly mounted fixing part 130.

Meanwhile, if the surface of the high-temperature component 300 is covered with foreign substances such as dust, the thermal barrier coating is not smooth, so a process of removing dust or foreign substances from the surface of the high-temperature component 300 is required before thermal barrier coating.

Accordingly, as shown in FIG. 6 , as another embodiment, a spraying device 150 for spraying air onto the surface of the high-temperature component 300 may be mounted on the fixing device 100 .

6 is a perspective view of another embodiment of a fixing device for thermal shielding coating of high-temperature parts of a gas turbine by 3D printing of the present invention.

As shown in Figure 6, the injection device 150 is configured in the center of the upper surface of the rotating frame 120, the injection device 150 of the present invention has electronic parts inside the center of the upper surface of the rotating frame 120 A built-in main body 151 is installed, and a vertical frame 153 is formed on the top of the main body 151, in which a space is formed so that a hose, which is a moving passage through which electric wires and air flow, are embedded.

At the end of the vertical frame 153, a connecting member 152 having a space inside is mounted, and on the front of the connecting member 154, as well as the vertical frame 153, wires and air are inside. A horizontal frame 155 is formed in which a space is formed so that a hose, which is a flowing passage, is embedded.

The interior of the connecting member 154 is formed so that the space between the vertical frame 153 and the horizontal frame 155 communicates with each other.

A spray nozzle 156 for spraying air to the high-temperature component 300 is mounted at the end of the horizontal frame 155 .

Preferably, the rotary plate 152 is installed at the center of the upper surface of the rotary frame 120, and the main body 151 is installed on the upper surface of the rotary plate 152 to be fixed to the fixing part 130 on the upper surface of the rotary frame 120. Air is freely sprayed to the mounted high-temperature part 300 to remove foreign substances, and more preferably, the vertical frame 153 and the horizontal frame 155 are configured to be adjusted in length like an antenna, so that the spray nozzle 156 This can allow you to have a more free range of action.

Configuring the length of the vertical frame 153 and the horizontal frame 1555 like an antenna can be realized by well-known means, so a detailed description thereof will be omitted.

Meanwhile, as shown in FIGS. 7 to 8 , a heat shielding coating process using the fixing device 100 of the present invention is as follows.

Figure 7 is a high-temperature part repair and heat shield coating process by 3D printing of the present invention, Figure 8 is a schematic diagram of the high temperature part repair and heat shield coating process by 3D printing of the present invention.

The high-temperature part repair and heat shielding coating process by 3D printing of the present invention is a first-step process of removing oxides inside cracks of high-temperature parts: a second-step process of filling and bonding the inside of cracks by first laser cladding the inside of cracks of high-temperature parts; A three-step process of forming a brazing coating layer by the height of the laminated surface around the laminated surface protruded to the surface of the high-temperature part by the first laser cladding; a 4-step process of forming a bond coating layer by secondary laser cladding on the upper surface of the coating layer formed by the 3-step process; A five-step process of forming a thermal barrier coating layer by tertiary laser cladding on the bond coating layer created by secondary laser cladding; It is characterized by comprising a; six-step process of diffusion heat treatment.

More specifically, the first step process is to remove oxides inside the cracks of high-temperature parts. process to be included.

And the second step is to fill and join the inside of the crack by first laser cladding the inside of the crack of the high-temperature part. After scanning with the laser to recognize the depth and width of the crack as a 3D image, the brazing powder is melted with the laser to crack the crack. It is the process of joining parts together.

During the first laser cladding process, it fills and bonds the inside of the crack while heating the high-temperature component, which is the base material, with ultrasonic vibration so that the brazing melting can penetrate deeply into the crack.

At this time, when filling and bonding the inside of the crack by the primary laser cladding, it is formed to protrude upward from the surface of the high-temperature part.

Accordingly, in a three-step process, a brazing coating layer is formed by laser cladding the periphery of the laminated surface protruded to the surface of the high-temperature part by the primary laser cladding by the height of the laminated surface.

The brazing coating layer is formed to a thickness of about 5 to 200 μm.

That is, after filling and bonding the cracked part with the 1st laser cladding process, during the 1st laser cladding process, the non-cracked part around the laminated surface protruding on the surface of the high-temperature part is also performed 1 to 5 times as a whole, so that the overall height is flat brazing. to form a coating layer.

In the fourth step, a bond coat layer is formed by secondary laser cladding.

The bond coating layer is formed to a thickness of 50 to 2,000 μm using conventional material powder (MCrAlY (M=Ni, Co)) having high temperature and heat resistance.

Then, tertiary laser cladding is performed in a 5-step process to form a thermal barrier coating layer.

Preferably, a heat shielding coating layer is formed on the top surface of the bond coating layer formed by the secondary laser cladding process by tertiary laser cladding while heating with ultrasonic vibration and far-infrared rays using YSZ powder, which is widely known.

Since the thermal barrier coating layer is located on the top surface, it is called a top coating layer, and is formed to have a thickness of 0.5 to 5 mm. When first laminated from the bond coating layer, ultrasonic vibration is applied to 5 to 50 μm so that the coating layer is formed without pores to improve bonding strength. let me do it

The ultrasonic vibration performed together during the 1st, 2nd, and 3rd laser cladding is in the range of 1KHz to 100MHz, and far-infrared heating proceeds with far-infrared wavelengths between 10 and 1000㎛ to bring the temperature of the high-temperature part, which is the base material, to within 400 to 1,000℃. while maintaining the laser cladding.

More specifically, a vibrator (not shown) is brought into contact with the surface of a high-temperature part, which is a base material, and ultrasonic vibration and far-infrared rays are heated.

In order to transmit optimal ultrasonic waves to the part to be laser cladding, a vibrator is attached to a place within 0.5 to 500 mm away from the crack part to be laser cladding, and laser cladding is performed while vibrating the high-temperature part, which is the base material.

That is, the vibrator is brought into contact with the surface of the high-temperature part, which is the base material, but is brought into contact with the surface of the high-temperature part within 0.5 to 500 mm away from the crack.

More preferably, if the ultrasonic vibrator is attached to the base material while water is wetted at a distance of 500 mm or more from the crack and sound waves are propagated, wear of the vibrator can be reduced, thereby prolonging the lifetime of the vibrator.

As described above, the advantage of laser cladding simultaneously with ultrasonic vibration is that it reduces the porosity of the welded part to 0.01% or less and at the same time reduces the size of crystal grains to 50% or less compared to conventional laser cladding, so the mechanical properties (hardness, strength, wear, Fatigue) has the advantage of increasing

On the other hand, the brazing powder used for the primary laser cladding, unlike commercial brazing powder, has silicon and boron contents, which are temperature drop elements, properly controlled, and contains less than 7% of silicon (Si), less than 2% of boron (B), and carbon. (C) 0.01% or less, aluminum (Al) 0.1% or less, zirconium (Zr) 0.05% or less, cobalt (Co) 0.5% or less, phosphorus (P) 0.01% or less, sulfur (S) 0.02% or less, tungsten (W ) 3% or less, tantalum (Ta) 2% or less, chromium (Cr) 20-30%, and the rest is made of nickel (Ni).

In addition, the brazing coating layer of the three-step process is formed by laser cladding by using a brazing powder having the same composition as the brazing powder used in the first laser cladding.

Finally, the 6-step process of diffusion heat treatment (solution heat treatment) is performed at a temperature of 1200 to 1450 ° C for 30 to 60 minutes, then lowered to 1023 to 1350 ° C for 20 minutes, followed by diffusion heat treatment in vacuum for 150 to 255 minutes.

As described above, when the 3D printing laser cladding laminate is applied to the fixing device for thermal shielding coating of gas turbine high-temperature parts by 3D printing of the present invention, the laser energy efficiency is high and the adhesion rate is very high at about 90%, which can significantly reduce powder cost. In addition, the bonding strength between the base material and the bond layer can be increased more than twice that of thermal spray coating.

In particular, if laminated while giving fine vibration to prevent the occurrence of pores due to supercooling during melt lamination, there is a remarkable effect such as minimizing pores and removing residual stress to improve bonding strength between the base material and the bond layer. .

100. Fixtures
110. Body 120. Rotation frame 130. Fixing part
140. Fight
150. Injector 151. Main body 152. Rotary plate
153. Vertical frame 154. Connecting member 155. Horizontal frame
156. Spray nozzle
200. Welding robot device
210. Base plate 211. Guide rail 222. Stopper
220. Moving frame
230. Rotation frame
240. Welding robot
250. Laser Head
300. High-temperature parts

Claims (6)

A main body 110 having electronic parts embedded therein, a rotating frame 120 installed to rotate on the top surface of the main body 110, and a high-temperature part for thermal shielding coating on the top of the rotating frame 120 300 is composed of a fixing part 130 fixedly mounted on the upper surface, and a plurality of fixing parts 130 are installed at regular intervals along the circumference of the rotating frame 120, so that the fixing part 130 After the high-temperature part 300 is fixed and mounted on the welding robot device 200, when the high-temperature part 300 fixedly mounted to the fixing part 130 located at the bottom of the welding robot device 200 is completed with heat shield coating, the fixing part 130 of the next car A fixture for gas turbine high-temperature parts heat shield coating by 3D printing, characterized in that the rotating frame 120 rotates to heat shield coat the high temperature parts 300 fixedly mounted on the ).
According to claim 1,
The fixing unit 130 is a fixing device for gas turbine high-temperature parts heat shield coating by 3D printing, characterized in that it is configured to be rotatable on the rotating frame 120.
According to claim 1,
A fixture for gas turbine high-temperature parts heat shield coating by 3D printing, characterized in that a partition 140 is installed on the upper surface of the rotating frame 120 between the plurality of fixing parts 130.
According to claim 3,
The partition 140 is a fixture for gas turbine high-temperature parts heat shield coating by 3D printing, characterized in that it protrudes like an antenna from the upper surface of the rotating frame 120 to the top.
According to claim 1,
The welding robot device 200 performs thermal barrier coating on the high-temperature part 300 as laser cladding, and the fixing part 130 is the laser head of the welding robot 240, which is a welding functional part of the welding robot device 200 ( 241), a fixture for gas turbine high-temperature parts heat shield coating by 3D printing, characterized by being located vertically below.
According to claim 5,
The welding robot device 200 includes a base plate 210 formed long toward the fixing device 100, and a moving frame 220 mounted on an upper surface of the base plate 210 to move linearly toward the fixing device 100. And, a rotating frame 230 mounted to rotate on the upper surface of the moving frame 220, and a welding robot 240 in the form of a robot arm capable of performing a laser cladding operation on the upper surface of the rotating frame 230 Consists of However, the laser head 241 for performing laser cladding is configured in the robot arm of the welding robot 240, and the welding robot 240 is a high-temperature part ( 300) is a fixture for gas turbine high-temperature part thermal shielding coating by 3D printing, characterized in that it is easy to be located vertically above the fixing part 130 to which it is fixedly mounted.

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