KR102370989B1 - Steel lattice girder structure for tunnel lining with pyramid three dimensional support structure - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a steel lattice girder structure for a tunnel lining with a pyramid three-dimensional support structure, wherein coupling between units is firm, the load of the ground can be supported effectively and coupling between units is easy in a steel lattice girder structure installed to ensure the stability of underground space after the excavation of a tunnel. More specifically, the present invention comprises: a unit including a plurality of first transverse members arranged in parallel with gaps therebetween, and a connection plate connected between the first transverse members in a longitudinal direction and having one or more through holes formed therein; and a unit connection part including, at both ends, a plurality of second transverse members arranged in parallel between adjacent units and accommodating each of the first transverse members of the unit, and a binding means for binding separated individual second transverse members to one another.

Description

Tunnel lining steel support structure with pyramid three-dimensional support structure {Steel lattice girder structure for tunnel lining with pyramid three dimensional support structure}

The present invention is a lattice-type steel support installed to secure underground space stability after tunnel excavation, which can effectively support the load on the ground while strengthening the connection between units, and has a three-dimensional pyramidal support structure that facilitates fastening between units. It is about the structure of the steel support material.

In general, when excavating underground ground to construct tunnels, H-beams were mainly used in conventional tunnels for the installation of main support materials to stably support the created underground space.

By bending the H-beam to the tunnel excavation cross-sectional shape and placing it in contact with the tunnel excavation surface, the H-beam supports the tunnel excavation surface. After installing the H-beam support member, use the supporting capacity of the original ground together with the H-beam support member if necessary by pouring shotcrete lining or using a combination of rock bolts.

However, support materials using H-beams are difficult to handle due to their high weight, and installation is often delayed. In particular, due to the flange of the H-beam, the shotcrete was not completely poured to the back of the H-beam, and the back cavity was locally formed, so that the shotcrete and the support material were not integrated into a composite structure. As a result, there was a problem in that the effective load bearing effect could not be exhibited because the shotcrete and the supporting member behaved separately.

In addition, the H-beam steel support material has a disadvantage in that the amount of rebound of shotcrete is large due to low adhesion to shotcrete, and the waterproof effect is lowered due to low bondability with shotcrete.

Accordingly, as a prior art to solve this problem, a lattice support member composed of a combination of a steel bar and a connection fixing member was used at the vertex position on a triangular or rectangular cross section. A grid support comprising: an upper steel bar extending along a tunnel; a lower steel bar spaced apart from the upper steel bar by a predetermined interval and extending along the upper steel bar; a fixing member connecting and fixing the upper steel bar and the lower steel bar; The upper and lower steel bars and the second upper and second upper steel bars and the second lower steel bars are connected to each other with a connection part for extension connection.

However, in the case of the prior art disclosed above, the units are connected by the connection part, but the connection part is configured in a structure where the units are blocked between the units. In particular, since the fastening structure between the units is complicated and the upper and lower steel bars are in a fixed state, there is no play in the mutual fastening process, so fitting and fastening is possible only at the correct position, making it difficult to construct the grid support material and increase the time accordingly. There is a problem being

Korean Patent Registration No. 10-1528248

Accordingly, the present invention has been devised to solve the above-described problems, and it is possible to effectively support the load of the ground while preventing the cut section of the shotcrete filling from occurring in the connection portion between the units, and to ensure that the connection between the units is strong while An object of the present invention is to provide a tunnel lining steel support structure having a pyramid-shaped three-dimensional support structure that can easily reduce construction time.

As a means for solving the above problems, the tunnel lining steel support structure having a pyramid three-dimensional support structure of the present invention (hereinafter referred to as "the structure of the present invention") is a plurality of first laterals that are spaced apart from each other and arranged in parallel. a unit including a member and a connecting plate connected between the plurality of first transverse members in a longitudinal direction and having at least one through hole formed therein; and a plurality of second transverse members provided in parallel between adjacent units and accommodating each of the first transverse members of the unit at both ends or each of the first transverse members being accommodated therein, and the spaced apart individual second transverse members from each other It is characterized in that it includes; a unit connection unit including a binding means for binding.

As an example, one selected from the first transverse member or the second transverse member is composed of a steel rod, and the other is composed of a steel pipe, so that both units and the unit connection part are inserted and connected to each other.

As an example, three of the first transverse member of the unit and the second transverse member of the unit connection part are each spaced apart from each other to have a triangular shape in plan view, and the binding means is a second transverse member corresponding to one vertex. A fixing plate coupled to the center of the member, a fastening bolt protruding in the longitudinal direction to the fixing plate, and a support configured to be connected between the remaining two second horizontal members so that the lower surface of the fixing plate is in contact with the fastening bolt passing through the upper part; It is characterized in that it includes a fastening nut fastened to the fastening bolt passing through the support.

As an example, the support has a quadrangular truncated shape by connection between a plurality of steel wires, and is characterized in that an incision is formed in the transverse direction so that the fastening bolt passes through the upper end opposite to the fastening bolt.

As an example, the support is characterized in that a pair of support surfaces in contact with the bottom surface of the fixing plate are formed along the cutout on the upper end opposite to the fastening bolt.

As an example, the binding means is provided with an accommodating space to surround the upper both sides and the bottom of the support that are parallel to the incision, and a long hole with one end open in the accommodating space so that the fastening bolt passes through is formed, It is characterized in that it is mounted on the bottom of the earth and further includes a lower bracket that provides a fastening surface between the fastening bolt and the fastening nut that have passed through the long hole.

As an example, it is characterized in that it further includes a binding bolt that is fastened to the connecting plate while passing through the through hole in the transverse direction to bind the unit and the unit connected to both ends of the unit connection part.

As described above, the structure of the present invention prevents the cut-off section of shotcrete filling from occurring in the entire section including the joint between the units, so that it can be integrated with the shotcrete and the coating thickness can be secured.

In addition, according to the occurrence of play in the unit connection part having a separate structure, it is easy to fasten between units, so the construction time can be shortened. Three-dimensional three-dimensional support is expressed at multiple points, and there is an advantage in that the bending moment and shear resistance effect acting at the joint between the unit and the unit connection part are excellent.

In addition to the tensile force applied by bolting the separated unit connection part, the acupressure effect is applied in the vertical direction with the second transverse member positioned at the top and bottom, respectively, so that the insertion and fastening state of the joint between the units is further strengthened and the load of the ground It has the advantage of being able to effectively support

1 is a perspective view showing the structure of the present invention.
2A and 2B are side cross-sectional views showing an insertion and fastening structure between a first transverse member and a second transverse member according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Figure 2c is a perspective view showing another form of the second horizontal member.
3 is a perspective view showing the configuration of a fastening means according to an embodiment of the present invention.
4A and 4B are side cross-sectional views showing an operating state of the present invention;
5 is an exploded perspective view showing a basic example of the present invention;
6 is an exploded perspective view showing another embodiment of the present invention.
7 is a perspective view showing a binding bolt according to an embodiment of the present invention.

In describing the present invention, the terms or words used in the present specification and claims are based on the principle that the inventor can appropriately define the concept of the term in order to best describe his or her invention. It should be interpreted as meaning and concept consistent with the technical idea of

Hereinafter, a preferred embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

The structure of the present invention includes a plurality of units 10 installed to be spaced apart along the excavation surface of the tunnel, and a unit connection part 20 disposed in a space between the units 10 to interconnect adjacent units 10. .

The unit 10 is connected between a plurality of first transverse members 100 that are spaced apart from each other and disposed in parallel, and the plurality of first transverse members 100 in the longitudinal direction, and at least one through hole 111 is formed. It includes a connecting plate 110 that is.

The unit connection part 20 is provided in parallel between the adjacent units 10, and accommodates each first transverse member 100 of the unit 10 at both ends, or each first transverse member 100 is accommodated. It includes a plurality of second transverse members 200, and a binding means 30 for mutually binding the spaced apart second transverse members 200 to each other.

That is, in the structure of the present invention, a steel support member is formed by assembling a plurality of units 10 and a unit connection part 20 connecting the units 10, and the steel support member is formed by using shotcrete in the tangential direction of the tunnel excavation section. By installing it together with the tunnel, it is possible to stably support the excavation surface of the tunnel.

Referring to FIG. 1 , the unit 10 includes a plurality of first transverse members 100 and is attached to each of the first transverse members 100 so that the cross-section by the first transverse member 100 is maintained and through-holes 111 . ) is formed a connecting plate 110 is configured.

The connecting plate 110 is coupled between the first transverse members 100 in the longitudinal direction orthogonal to the first transverse member 100 , and rigidly fixes each of the first transverse members 100 constituting the unit 10 . Of course, the shotcrete can be tightly filled into the entire area of the unit 10 through the through hole 111 .

Here, the cross-section of the first transverse member 100 is illustrated as a structure to promote structurally stable support by exemplifying a triangular shape made of three first transverse members 100 in FIG. 1 and the like, but is not limited thereto.

In this way, the unit 10 forms a space by the plurality of first transverse members 100 and the connecting plate 110 is supported between the first transverse members 100, so that the space can be tightly filled with shotcrete. By doing so, the advantage of easy integration with the shotcrete layer is derived.

The unit connection part 20 connects both adjacent units 10 through fastening with each first lateral member 100 constituting the unit 10 .

For example, as shown in FIGS. 2A and 2B , one selected from the first transverse member 100 of the unit 10 or the second transverse member 200 of the unit connection part 20 is made of a steel bar, and the other is composed of a steel pipe, so that both units 10 and the unit connection part 20 can be inserted and connected to each other.

Here, when the second transverse member 200 of the unit connection part 20 constitutes a steel bar, each second transverse member 200 is a first transverse member of the unit 10 constituted of a steel pipe as shown in FIG. 2B . An insertion part into which a partial section is inserted is provided into the member 100 .

In addition, as shown in FIG. 2 , the insertion part is provided with an insertion protrusion 210 having a tapered shape, the diameter of which decreases toward the first transverse member 100 , so as to be inserted and fastened to the first transverse member 100 . to make this easy.

In addition, the section of the remaining second transverse member 200 except for the insertion portion is configured to have a relatively larger diameter than the diameter of the insertion portion, so that the stepped 220 is formed along the rim, each second transverse member 200 . It is preferable to make it possible to check with the naked eye whether the insertion part of the first transverse member is inserted to the same position in the interior of the first transverse member 100 so that an unbalanced load does not occur between the second transverse members 200 .

Since the second lateral member 200 of the unit connection part 20 is fastened with each first lateral member 100 of the unit 10, the first lateral member 100 constituting the unit 10 is The cross-sectional shape and number thereof may be determined to correspond to each other.

That is, in the structure of the present invention, the unit 10 and the unit connection part 20 connecting the unit 10 have the same structure, so that the efficiency of the unitary operation is doubled based on the continuity of the entire cross section in the state in which the shotcrete is filled. In other words, the formation of the cut-off layer of shotcrete is controlled by the unit connection part 20, so that the structural soundness is doubled as the coating thickness is secured over the entire shotcrete layer.

In addition, in the case of the unit connection part 20, it connects between the units 10 adjacent to both ends so that the steel support member is assembled, and serves to reinforce the support force that may be relatively weak in the joint between the units 10. do.

Specifically, as shown in FIG. 3 , the unit connection part 20 includes three interconnections such that the second transverse member 200 has a triangular shape in plan view, similarly to the first transverse member 100 of the unit 10 . are spaced apart

And the unit connection part 20 may have a structure in which the second transverse member 200-1 corresponding to one vertex and the other two second transverse members 200-2 are separated from each other, and these separated vertices The second lateral member 200 - 1 and the remaining two second lateral members 200 - 2 may be selectively coupled through the binding means 30 .

The unit connection part 20 has a structure in which the three second lateral members 200 are arranged to be spaced apart from each other so as to have a triangular shape on a plane, so that it is possible to achieve a stable load distribution and supportive effect, and in particular, the second lateral member The separation structure between the 200 ensures a clearance when fastening with the first lateral member 100 of the adjacent unit 10 to facilitate insertion and fastening.

That is, the unit connection part 20 has a structure in which the second transverse member 200 is separated into upper and lower positions in terms of position, so that in the on-site assembly process of the steel support member, the first transverse member 100 of the adjacent unit 10 is Insertion is easy, and after connection with the unit 10, the second transverse member 200-1 at the vertex and the remaining two second transverse members 200-2 are mutually bound by the binding means 30 to separate Since the second horizontal member 200 can be fixed between the bars, as a result, the assembly of the steel support member is facilitated, thereby shortening the construction time.

As an example, the binding means 30 includes a fixing plate 300 coupled to the center of the second transverse member 200-1 corresponding to one vertex as shown in FIG. A support member connected between the fastening bolt 310 protruding in the direction and the other two second lateral members 200 - 2 and configured to contact the lower surface of the fixing plate 300 while the retaining bolt 310 penetrates the upper portion It may include a 320 and a fastening nut 330 fastened to the fastening bolt 310 passing through the support 320 at the bottom of the support 320 .

Here, the support 320 has a quadrangular truncated shape by the connection between the plurality of steel wires 321 , and a cut-out portion 322 in the transverse direction so that the fastening bolt 310 passes through the upper end opposite to the fastening bolt 310 . ) is formed.

That is, according to the present embodiment, as shown in FIGS. 3 and 4A , there are a plurality of supports 320 of the unit connection part 20 provided for each predetermined section for coupling between the units 10 along the longitudinal direction of the steel support member. A quadrangular truncated pyramid (pyramid) support structure having a truss structure will be constructed.

Accordingly, three-dimensional three-dimensional support is expressed at a plurality of points with the bolt fastening part of the support 320 as an axis, and the bending moment and shear resistance effect acting at the joint between the unit 10 and the unit connection part 20 are excellent. there will be advantages.

In addition, as shown in Fig. 4b, the second transverse member ( 200-1 and 200-2), the acupressure effect is applied in the vertical direction, so that the insertion and fastening state between the first horizontal member 100 of the unit 10 and the second horizontal member 200 of the unit connection part 20 so that it can be held firmly without falling out.

And the support 320 may further include a support surface 323 .

The support surface 323 is composed of a pair, and is formed so that the bottom surface of the fixing plate 300 is in contact along the cut-out portion 322 at the upper end opposite to the fastening bolt 310, so that the upper and lower portions, respectively When the positioned second transverse members 200-1 and 200-2 are bolted together, a surface contact with the fixing plate 300 is made, so that a more stable support force can be expressed.

At this time, the support surface 323 may be a steel wire 321 corresponding to the upper end of the support 320 is processed into a surface, or a separate plate is attached to the upper end of the steel wire 321 through welding, etc. .

On the other hand, the unit 10 and the unit 10 inserted and connected to both ends of the unit connection part 20 can be maintained in the inserted and fastened state by the acupressure effect acting as described above. 10), the insertion and fastening state may become unstable.

Accordingly, according to an embodiment of the present invention, as shown in FIG. 7 , a binding bolt 112 for binding between the unit 10 and the unit 10 is further included, and the binding bolt 112 is As one end is fastened to the connecting plate 110 through a nut while passing through the through hole 111 in the transverse direction, the insertion and fastening between the unit 10 and the unit 10 connected to both ends of the unit connecting part 20 is further improved. Strengthen the bond to make it stronger.

In addition, as a uniform compressive force is applied to the connecting plate 110 of both units 10 by fastening between the binding bolt 112 and the nut, each unit 10 is inserted at both ends of the unit connecting part 20 to the same position. As a result, it is possible to have structural stability such as bending moment and shear resistance effect at the joint of each unit 10 as a result.

Meanwhile, as shown in FIG. 5 , the binding means 30 further includes a lower bracket 340 capable of reinforcing the rigidity of the upper end of the support member 320 composed of a steel wire 321 .

The lower bracket 340 is provided with a receiving space 341 to surround the upper both sides and the bottom of the support 320 parallel to the cutout 322, and a receiving space so that the fastening bolt 310 passes through. At 341 , a long hole 342 having an open end is formed.

The lower bracket 340 is mounted in close contact with the lower surface of the support 320 through the long hole 342 in a state where the fastening bolt 310 penetrates the cutout 322 of the support 320 . may be, and a fastening surface is provided between the fastening bolt 310 and the fastening nut that have passed through the long hole 342 .

That is, the upper end of the supporter 320 is structurally vulnerable to torsion as the cutout 322 is formed. By stacking the lower brackets 340 that allow the upper side and the bottom of the supporter 320 to be accommodated. By constraining it, the rigidity is reinforced to resist torsion.

6 shows a support 320 according to another embodiment of the present invention, the structure having a quadrangular truncated truncated shape by the connection between the plurality of steel wires 321 and the effect thereof are the same as in the previous embodiment.

However, the support 320 of this embodiment has a quadrangular truncated pyramid shape, and the steel wire 321 of the base extends in the longitudinal direction of the second transverse member 200-2 located at the lower portion, and the second transverse member 200- By increasing the support area for the end side of 2), it is possible to provide a reinforcing effect so that the concentrated load can be distributed and at the same time, it can firmly resist the bending moment for the lower point.

In addition, although the support 320 of this embodiment is not directly shown in the drawing, it is of course that the support surface 323 may be selectively configured on the upper end of the support 320 like the previous embodiment.

Although preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail above, the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and various modifications and improvements by those skilled in the art using the basic concept of the present invention as defined in the following claims are also provided. is within the scope of the

10: unit 20: unit connection part
30: binding means 100: first lateral member
110: connection plate 111: through hole
200: second horizontal member 300: fixed plate
310: fastening bolt 320: support
321: steel wire 322: incision site
323: support surface 330: fastening nut
340: lower bracket 341: receiving space
342: long hole

Claims (7)

A unit comprising: a unit including a plurality of first transverse members spaced apart from each other and arranged in parallel; and a connecting plate connected between the plurality of first transverse members in a longitudinal direction and having at least one through hole; and
Mutual binding between a plurality of second transverse members provided in parallel between adjacent units and accommodating each first transverse member of the unit or each of the first transverse members at both ends, and separate second transverse members spaced apart from each other It includes; a unit connection unit including a binding means to
Three of the first transverse member of the unit and the second transverse member of the unit connection part are each spaced apart from each other to have a triangular shape in plan view,
The binding means,
A fixing plate coupled to the center of the second transverse member corresponding to one vertex, a fastening bolt protruding in the longitudinal direction to the fixing plate, and the remaining two second transverse members are connected between the remaining two second transverse members and the fastening bolt is penetrated at the top of the fixing plate It includes a support configured to be in contact with a bottom surface, and a fastening nut fastened to a fastening bolt passing through the support,
The support is
Tunnel lining steel support structure having a pyramidal three-dimensional support structure, characterized in that it has a quadrangular truncated pyramid shape by connection between a plurality of steel wires, and a cut-out portion is formed in the transverse direction so that the fastening bolt passes through the upper end opposite to the fastening bolt.
The method of claim 1,
Tunnel lining steel support material having a pyramidal three-dimensional support structure, characterized in that one selected from the first and second cross members is made of a steel bar and the other is made of a steel pipe, so that both units and the unit connection part are inserted and connected to each other structure.
delete delete The method of claim 1,
The support is
Tunnel lining steel support structure having a pyramid three-dimensional support structure, characterized in that a pair of support surfaces in contact with the bottom surface of the fixing plate are formed on the upper end opposite to the fastening bolt along the cutout.
6. The method of claim 1 or 5,
The binding means,
An accommodating space is provided so as to surround the upper both sides of the supporter parallel to the incision and the bottom surface thereof, and a long hole with one end open in the receiving space is formed so that the fastening bolt passes through, and it is mounted on the bottom of the support and passed through the long hole. Tunnel lining steel support structure having a pyramid three-dimensional support structure, characterized in that it further comprises a lower bracket providing a fastening surface between the fastening bolt and the fastening nut.
The method of claim 1,
Tunnel lining steel support structure having a pyramid three-dimensional support structure, characterized in that it further comprises a binding bolt that is fastened to the connection plate while passing through the through hole in the transverse direction and binding the unit and the unit connected to both ends of the unit connection part.

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