KR102289094B1 - Smart grout system and tunnel reinforcement method using it - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a smart grout system which drills a hole and performs grout reinforcement on the drilled hole to prevent the ground from collapsing when cutting or excavating the ground in civil engineering construction. The smart grout system performs compression grouting to uniformly transfer a grout pressure and a grout amount to a dilled hole and can simultaneously carry out grout reinforcement and reinforcing material reinforcement on the same end surface. According to one embodiment of the present invention, the smart grout system comprises: a first grout hose (100) longitudinally extended to be closed while having a sharp front end, having a plurality of penetration holes (110) formed on the outer circumferential surface thereof, and installed to insert the front end thereof into a drilled hole (1) and extend the rear thereof out of the entrance of the drilled hole (1); and a first injection member (120) including restriction devices installed on the first grout hose at regular intervals, a connection device and a switch (122) connected to the rear of the first grout hose (100) to inject a grout material, a pressure gauge (124), a flowmeter (126), and a mixing pump (128).

Description

Smart grout system and tunnel reinforcement method using the same

The present invention relates to a smart grout system and a tunnel reinforcement method to which a tunnel reinforcement method applied thereto is applied, and more particularly, in order to prevent the ground from collapsing when cutting or excavating the ground in civil engineering works, drilling and grouting the hole It relates to a smart grout system for reinforcement and a tunnel reinforcement method to which the same is applied.

If the ground is cut or excavated during civil engineering work, the excavated surface cannot stand on its own, so it is necessary to drill a hole in the ground so that it does not collapse and then grout the hole to reinforce the ground.

As a grout method, insert a Menzen tube tube or a casing pipe into the perforated hole, seal the space between the Menzen tube and the perforated hole, and then insert an air packer hose into the tube and grout in multiple stages while reversing. to be located at the end of the drilling hole, press grouting, and reinforce the ground.

In other words, since there is only one through hole through which the grout liquid is ejected, the grout hose is retracted or drawn out by a certain distance while grouting.

In this reinforcement method, the subsequent work is delayed due to the sealing process time and the waiting time for curing the sealing material, and in the multi-stage grouting 3-5 times, the range for one grout is 3 to 5 m apart, so the equal pressure in the drilling hole is not transmitted

In addition, since the through hole of the grout hose, which is installed in combination with the reinforcement, is pressurized while it is located at the far end of the drilling hole, the gap between the inlet and the end of the drilling hole is very large, so that the pressure is not evenly transmitted in the drilling hole, and the construction time is long. takes That is, the end of the drilling hole with the grout hose through hole receives a large amount of pressure, and almost no pressure is transmitted to the hole inlet at a long distance.

In addition, even when an admixture is added, only the end is mixed, not the entire hole, because the admixture is ejected only near the tip of the grout hose.

In addition, when the order grouting and the steel pipe reinforcement grouting are installed in the same section in the tunnel, the order grouting is performed first and then the steel pipe reinforcement grouting is performed with the grout method.

To reinforce the steel pipe, the same area is drilled again, and the same area is duly grouted while disturbing the order.

As described above, the sealing process takes a lot of time, and the distance between the outlets of the grout hose is long, so that the pressure is not transmitted evenly.

US 10-1580961 B1 (2015.12.22.) US 10-1665515 B1 (2016.10.16.)

Accordingly, the present invention was conceived to solve the above problems, and a smart grouting system capable of simultaneously performing pressurized grouting so that the grout pressure and the amount of grout are equally transmitted to the drilled hole, and simultaneously reinforcing the grout and reinforcing the reinforcing material in the same section. And an object of the present invention is to provide a tunnel reinforcement method to which the same is applied.

In order to achieve this object, a feature of the present invention is a smart grout system that drills and reinforces the grout in the drilling hole to prevent the ground from collapsing when cutting or excavating the ground in civil engineering. The first grout hose 100 is closed while being pointed, and a plurality of through holes 110 are formed on the outer circumferential surface, the tip is inserted into the perforation hole 1, and the tail is installed so as to extend out of the inlet of the perforation hole 1 ; and a restraining device installed at regular intervals on the first grout hose, a connecting device and switch 122 connected to the rear of the first grout hose 100 to inject grout material, a pressure gauge 124, a flow meter 126, mixing It characterized in that it comprises a; the first injection member 120 including the pump (128).

At this time, the Y pipe (Y) is installed at the rear of the first grout hose 100, the first injection member 120 and the second injection member 130 are respectively connected to the Y pipe (Y), the second injection The member 130 includes a connecting device, a switch 132 , a pressure gauge 134 , a flow meter 136 , and a mixing pump 138 , and different grouts are passed through the first and second injection members 120 and 130 . It is characterized in that the ashes are selectively provided to be smartly injected.

In addition, the first grout hose 100 is formed in the longitudinal direction and closed with a sharp tip, a plurality of through holes 210 are formed on the outer circumferential surface, the tip is inserted into the drilling hole 1, and the rear is a drilled hole (1) a second grout hose 200 installed to extend outside the inlet; a restraining member 202 provided to bind the first grout hose 100 and the second grout hose 200 to each other; and a third injection member 220 that is connected to the rear of the second grout hose 200 and includes a connection device, an opener 222, a pressure gauge 224, a flow meter 226, and a mixing pump 228 to inject the grout material. It is characterized in that it contains;

In addition, a backflow prevention member 212 is provided in the through hole 210 of the second grout hose 200 .

In addition, the first grout hose 100 is disposed in the longitudinal direction so that the tip is open, a plurality of lines having different lengths are formed, a plurality of through holes 310 are formed on the outer circumferential surface, and the tip is a perforated hole (1). The third grout hose 300 is inserted into and the tail is installed so as to extend outside the inlet of the perforation hole (1); a restraining member 302 provided to bind the first grout hose 100 and the third grout hose 300 to each other; and a fourth injection member 320 that is connected to the rear of the third grout hose 300 and includes a switch 322, a pressure gauge 324, a flow meter 326, and a mixing pump 328 to inject the grout material. characterized in that

In addition, the steel pipe 400 is inserted into the perforation hole 1, and the steel pipe 400 is inserted together with the grout hose accommodated therein, or the steel pipe 400 is inserted into the perforation hole 1 and then the steel pipe ( 400) is provided to insert a grout hose into the inside, and the grout hose is inserted into the drilling hole 1 and the steel pipe 400 is removed and then the grout material is injected, or the grout material is injected to the steel pipe 400 and the grout hose. The steel pipe 400 that can be buried and is embedded in the perforation hole 1 is characterized in that a plurality of through holes 410 are formed in a spiral shape on an outer circumferential surface.

In addition, an air blowing hose 500 for exhausting the air inside the drilling hole 1 is provided, and the air blowing hose 500 has a tip end of the drilling hole 1 when the drilling hole 1 has an upward inclination angle. It is disposed in, and when the perforated hole (1) is inclined downward, the tip is characterized in that it is arranged on the inlet side of the perforated hole (1).

In addition, the grout pressure and the amount of grout injected into the perforation hole 1 are automatically controlled and recorded by the injection member, characterized in that it is provided.

In addition, the first injection member 120 or the second injection member 220 has one end of the U-turn tube 600 connected between the switchgear 122 and 222 and the mixing pump 128 and 228, and the U-turn tube (600) The other end is connected to the mixing pumps 128 and 228, and the U-turn pipe 600 is opened and closed by a U-turn valve or a pressure valve to control the grout over pressure supplied through the mixing pumps 128 and 228. It is characterized in that it is provided to absorb.

And in the tunnel reinforcement method to which the smart grout system according to the present invention is applied, the drilling holes 1 to N rows having different inclination angles or constant inclination angles from the tunnel end face to the tunnel progress direction are drilled at an upward inclination angle, and the first row A perforation hole forming step (S1) in which the perforation length increases step by step from the perforation hole (1) to the N-th column perforation hole (1); A hole filling step (S2) of closing the entrance area of the drilling hole (1) corresponding to the unexcavated tunnel area from the surface of the makjang; and a grouting step (S3) of smartly injecting the grout material into the perforation hole (1).

In addition, in the drilling hole forming step (S1), the adjacent drilling holes (1) are characterized in that the diameters are formed to be different from each other.

In addition, the inside of the drilling hole (1) is reinforced by a steel pipe (400), and the rear of the steel pipe (400) is provided so as to be located in the area of the drilling hole (1) corresponding to the unexcavated tunnel area. .

In addition, an auxiliary reinforcing material including a reinforcing steel pipe and a reinforcing wire is further provided in the steel pipe 400 .

In addition, a cover 420 having an opening 422 is installed at the rear of the steel pipe 400 , and one end of the grout hose is inserted into the drilling hole 1 through the opening 422 , and the other end is perforated. It is characterized in that the hole (1) is extended to the outside and connected to the injection member.

In addition, when the auxiliary pipe 430 is installed in the section from the outside of the inlet of the drilling hole 1 to the rear of the steel pipe 400 , and the auxiliary pipe 430 is connected to the steel pipe 400 , it is connected to the steel pipe 400 . It is characterized in that the blocking line is formed so that the length of the end can be adjusted.

In addition, the steel pipe 400 is characterized in that it is constructed by a direct drilling method that is inserted at the same time as the drilling hole (1) is drilled.

In addition, in repeatedly constructing reinforcement so that a certain section overlaps while excavating the tunnel, drilling and grouting the 1 to N-row perforation holes (1) formed on the first makjang surface, and excavating the tunnel after the grouting is completed. It is characterized in that it is provided so as to repeatedly construct only one row of perforated holes (1) at a position next to the last perforated hole (1) exposed on the second makjang surface.

In addition, in the hole filling step (S2), grout, packer, bag, geotextile, at least one kind of caulking material ( 440), or by inserting the grout hose into the perforated hole (1) and then performing rapid grouting while moving backward to fill the hole.

In addition, in the drilling hole forming step (S1), the drilling hole 1 is drilled at an upward inclination angle of 8 to 15°, the entire hole 1 or selectively the steel pipe 400 is inserted, and the grout material is injected to perform pressure grouting. It is characterized in that it is provided to do so.

In addition, it is characterized in that the grout material contains an admixture (ash) capable of self-healing, inseparation in water, and rapid curing.

In addition, it is characterized in that by adding one or more grout hoses inside or outside the steel pipe 400 and re-grouting after construction is completed.

In addition, it is characterized in that the steel pipe 400 or the reinforcing bar reinforcing material or the steel pipe 400 and the reinforcing bar reinforcing material are provided so as to be pressurized and grouted into the perforated hole (1).

In addition, when the steel pipe 400 is buried together with the grout material in the drilling hole 1, the rear of the steel pipe 400 is located at a certain depth of the drilling hole 1, and a cover such as a lid or a cap is located at the rear of the steel pipe 400 ( 420) is installed, and the caulking means is installed between the inlet of the drilling hole 1 and the rear of the steel pipe 400.

According to the above configuration and operation, the present invention provides a method for preventing collapse or avalanche from occurring by reinforcing the ground that is loosened due to cutting and excavation of civil works. It is closed to improve the quality by allowing equal pressure and equal volume to be delivered to the drilling hole by closing it, and the simple grout construction that omits the sealing process shortens the construction period and secures the economic feasibility of reducing workability and construction cost, and also By simultaneously constructing order grouting and steel pipe reinforcement grouting in

1 is a cross-sectional view of a conventional method showing an order grouting range in a tunnel.
2 is a cross-sectional view of a conventional method showing a cross-section of the order grouting construction in the tunnel.
Figure 3 is a cross-sectional view of the existing method showing the order grouting construction flow chart in the tunnel.
Figure 4 is a cross-sectional view of the steel pipe reinforcement installation of the existing method in the tunnel.
Figure 5 is a longitudinal view of the steel pipe reinforcement installation of the existing method in the tunnel.
6 is a flow chart of the steel pipe reinforcement grouting construction of the existing method in the tunnel.
7 is a conceptual diagram of a smart grout system of the present invention.
8 is another example of the smart grout system of the present invention.
9 is another example of the smart grout system of the present invention.
10 is another example of the smart grout system of the present invention.
11 is a construction example in the tunnel of the present invention.
12 is another construction example in the tunnel of the present invention.
13 is another construction example in the tunnel of the present invention.
14 is another construction example in the tunnel of the present invention.
15 is another example of Y tube installation in the tunnel of the present invention.
Figure 16 is a block diagram showing the air blowing hose of the present invention.
17 is a block diagram schematically showing the smart grout system of the present invention and a tunnel reinforcement method to which the same is applied.
Fig. 18 is a block diagram showing an auxiliary pipe of the present invention;

Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

The present invention relates to a smart grout system that drills and reinforces the grout in the drilling hole in order to prevent the ground from collapsing when cutting or excavating the ground in civil engineering work, which equally transmits the grout pressure and the amount of grout to the drilled hole It is configured so that pressure grouting and grout reinforcement and reinforcing material reinforcement can be simultaneously constructed in the same section. In addition, the grout using the smart grout system includes reinforcing grade grouting and reinforcing ground grouting.

Smart grout system according to an embodiment of the present invention, as shown in Fig. 7, is extended with a pointed tip and closed, a plurality of through holes 110 are formed on the outer circumferential surface, and the tip is inserted into the perforation hole 1 a first grout hose 100 installed so as to extend out of the inlet and the rear of the perforated hole (1); and a restraining device installed at regular intervals on the first grout hose, a connecting device and switch 122 connected to the rear of the first grout hose 100 to inject grout material, a pressure gauge 124, a flow meter 126, mixing A first injection member 120 including a pump 128; includes.

And the pressure of the grout liquid ejected from the through holes 110 formed at regular intervals in the body of the first grout hose 100 is equal to the pressure in the drilling hole 1 after the inner space of the drilling hole 1 is filled. This is transmitted, and a certain amount of grout material is penetrated into the ground in contact with the perforation hole (1).

In the smart grout system according to another embodiment of the present invention, as shown in FIG. 8 , a Y pipe (Y) is installed at the rear of the first grout hose 100 .

The first injection member 120 and the second injection member 130 are respectively connected to the Y tube (Y), and the second injection member 130 includes a connecting device, a switchgear 132, a pressure gauge 134, and a flow meter ( 136), including a mixing pump 138, and is provided such that different grout materials are selectively smartly injected through the first and second injection members 120 and 130.

In the smart grout system according to another embodiment of the present invention, as shown in FIG. 9 , the first grout hose 100 is formed in the longitudinal direction and closed with a sharp tip, and a plurality of through holes 210 are formed on the outer circumferential surface, and the tip a second grout hose 200 which is inserted into the silver perforation hole 1 and the rear is installed to extend outside the inlet of the perforation hole 1; a restraining member 202 provided to bind the first grout hose 100 and the second grout hose 200 to each other; and a third injection member 220 that is connected to the rear of the second grout hose 200 and includes a connection device, an opener 222, a pressure gauge 224, a flow meter 226, and a mixing pump 228 to inject the grout material. includes ;

At this time, the constraining member 202 not only serves to couple the grout hose, but also prevents sagging of the hose and serves as a spacer.

In addition, a backflow prevention member 212 is provided in the through hole 210 of the second grout hose 200 . The backflow prevention member 212 is configured to prevent the grout material ejected from the first grout hose 100 from entering the second grout hose 200, and is composed of any one or more of a valve, a tape, and an elastic tube.

In addition, when the grout material is damaged such as cracks due to an external impact such as blasting after the completion of the grout, the second grout hose 200 may be used for regrouting.

Smart grout system according to another embodiment of the present invention, as shown in Figure 10, the first grout hose 100 is disposed in the longitudinal direction, the tip is opened, is formed in a plurality of lines having different lengths, and a plurality of lines on the outer circumferential surface a third grout hose 300 having a through hole 310 formed therein, the tip being inserted into the perforation hole 1 and the rear being installed to extend out of the inlet of the perforation hole 1; a restraining member 302 provided to bind the first grout hose 100 and the third grout hose 300 to each other; and a fourth injection member 320 that is connected to the rear of the third grout hose 300 and includes a switch 322, a pressure gauge 324, a flow meter 326, and a mixing pump 328 to inject the grout material. do.

At this time, each of the grout hoses is connected to each injection member, and the grout liquid of the same material and performance is injected, or the grout liquid of the different material and performance is supplied.

In addition, in FIG. 15 , the steel pipe 400 is inserted into the drilling hole 1 , and the steel pipe 400 is inserted together with the grout hose accommodated therein, or the steel pipe 400 is inserted into the drilling hole 1 . It is provided to insert the grout hose into the steel pipe 400 afterward. On the other hand, the Y pipe is installed in the hole (1) or the rear side of the steel pipe (400).

After inserting the grout hose into the drilling hole 1 and removing the steel pipe 400, the grout material may be injected, or the grout material may be injected to fill the steel pipe 400 and the grout hose, and in the drilling hole 1 The embedded steel pipe 400 has a plurality of through-holes 410 formed in a spiral shape on the outer circumferential surface. And it is also possible to configure the cover 420 is installed at the rear to close the entrance of the perforation hole 1, it is more advantageous if the plurality of through holes 410 on the outer circumferential surface of the steel pipe 400 are spirally formed at regular intervals.

As the steel pipe 400, all materials of a circular shape can be used, and mainly a Menzen tube pipe, a PVC pipe, a steel pipe, a geotextile pipe made in a circular state, etc. can be selectively used depending on the purpose.

On the other hand, the grout hose is further added to the outside of the steel pipe 400, and the grout material is injected through the first, second, and third grout hoses 100, 200, and 300 after the injection is completed.

In addition, an air blowing hose 500 for exhausting the air inside the perforation hole (1) is provided. The tip of the air blowing hose 500 is made of a pointed shape and is fixed by a grout hose and a restraining device.

The air blowing hose 500 has a tip disposed at the end of the drilling hole 1 when the drilling hole 1 has an upward inclination angle, and when the drilling hole 1 is at a downward inclined angle, the tip is at the inlet side of the drilling hole 1 is placed on

In addition, the grout pressure and the amount of grout injected into the perforation hole 1 are automatically controlled and recorded by the injection member. And since the injection member is connected to the manager server by the communication module to transmit and receive data, a smart injection system that can manage and supervise the order grout injection situation in real time is built.

In addition, the first injection member 120 or the second injection member 220 has one end of the U-turn tube 600 connected between the switchgear 122 and 222 and the mixing pump 128 and 228, and the U-turn tube (600) The other end is connected to the mixing pumps 128 and 228, and the U-turn pipe 600 is opened and closed by a U-turn valve or a pressure valve to control the grout over pressure supplied through the mixing pumps 128 and 228. It is characterized in that it is provided to absorb.

17 is a block diagram schematically showing the smart grout system of the present invention and a tunnel reinforcement method to which the same is applied.

In the tunnel reinforcement method to which the smart grout system according to the present invention is applied, the drilling holes 1 to N having a constant inclination angle in the tunnel progress direction from the tunnel end face are drilled at an upward inclination angle, and the first row drilling hole 1 A perforation hole forming step (S1) in which the perforation length is formed to be longer step by step toward the N-th perforation hole (1); A hole filling step (S2) of closing the entrance area of the drilling hole (1) corresponding to the unexcavated tunnel area from the surface of the makjang; and a grouting step (S3) of smartly injecting the grout material into the perforation hole (1).

In this case, in the drilling hole forming step ( S1 ), adjacent drilling holes 1 may be formed to have different diameters.

In addition, the inside of the drilling hole 1 is reinforced by a steel pipe 400, and the rear of the steel pipe 400 is provided to be located in the drilling hole 1 area corresponding to the unexcavated tunnel area.

In addition, it is also possible to increase the reinforcing force by further installing an auxiliary reinforcing material including a reinforcing steel pipe and a reinforcing wire in the steel pipe 400 .

In addition, a cover (lid 420) having an opening 422 formed thereon is installed at the rear of the steel pipe (reinforcing material, 400), and one end of the grout hose is inserted into the drilling hole 1 through the opening 422. The other end is extended to the outside of the perforation hole (1) and is connected to the injection member.

Here, for the purpose of grouting, one or more grout hoses are fixedly installed in the steel pipe 400 and the cover formed with a through hole at the rear of the steel pipe 400, and then inserted into the drilling hole 1, and the aft of the grout hose is out of the drilling hole (1). It is installed so as to extend, and the hole is filled from the rear of the steel pipe 400 to the inlet of the drilling hole (1).

At this time, the cover 420 may be attached to the rear of the steel pipe 400 and may be any method or shape for grouting. In addition, a cover or a cap is not necessarily required at the rear of the steel pipe 400 .

In addition, when the auxiliary pipe 430 is installed in the section from the outside of the inlet of the drilling hole 1 to the rear of the steel pipe 400 , and the auxiliary pipe 430 is connected to the steel pipe 400 , it is connected to the steel pipe 400 . A blocking line is formed so that the length of the end can be adjusted. That is, the blocking line is to easily remove the auxiliary pipe 430 exposed under the excavation surface during tunnel excavation.

On the other hand, the auxiliary pipe is a section to be removed after tunnel excavation and is intended to prevent the collapse of the drilling hole, facilitate the insertion of the grout hose, and make the grout convenient. Also, it is not necessary to connect it to the steel pipe tail.

The auxiliary pipe may be selectively used in a steel pipe, a PVC pipe, a geotextile pipe, and the like.

In addition, the steel pipe 400 is constructed by a direct drilling method in which the drilling hole 1 is drilled and inserted at the same time.

And in the repeated construction of reinforcement so that a certain section overlaps while excavating the tunnel, drilling and grouting the 1st to Nth perforation holes (1) formed on the first makjang surface, and excavating the tunnel after the grouting is completed. It is provided so that only one row of drilling holes (1) is repeatedly constructed in a position next to the last drilling hole (1) exposed on the makjang surface.

In addition, in the hole filling step (S2), grout, packer, bag, geotextile, at least one kind of caulking material ( 440), or by inserting the grout hose into the perforated hole 1 and then performing rapid grouting while moving backward to fill the hole.

At this time, in the drilling hole forming step (S1), the drilling hole 1 is drilled at an upward inclination angle of 8 to 15°, the steel pipe 400 is inserted entirely or selectively in the drilled hole 1, and the grout material is injected to perform pressure grouting. provided to do

In addition, it is also possible to include an admixture (ash) capable of self-healing, water inseparation, and rapid curing in the grout material to restore the grout structure after grouting, and to perform underwater fire separation and rapid curing.

That is, the cracks caused by impact are filled to restore structural safety, and the cement material does not separate when it comes into contact with water, so the initial state can be maintained and the grout material can be hardened quickly.

In addition, a blocking facility for blocking the drilling hole between the rear of the steel pipe 400 and the inlet of the drilling hole 1 or a lid may be installed at the rear of the steel pipe 400 and one or more grout hoses may be penetrated through it. The blocking facility and the cover (lid) may be installed together or separately.

And the steel pipe 400 or the reinforcing bar reinforcing material or the steel pipe 400 and the reinforcing bar reinforcing material are provided to be press-grouted into the perforated hole 1 inside.

In addition, when the steel pipe 400 is buried together with the grout material in the drilling hole 1, the rear of the steel pipe 400 is located at a certain depth of the drilling hole 1, and a cover such as a lid or a cap is located at the rear of the steel pipe 400 ( 420) is installed, and a caulking means is installed between the inlet of the drilling hole (1) and the aft of the steel pipe (400).

Looking at a specific embodiment of the smart grouting system according to the present invention and a tunnel reinforcement method to which the same is applied, FIG. 1 is a view of an existing method showing the range of order grouting in a tunnel, and FIG. 2 is a tunnel of the order grouting of FIG. It is a drawing of the existing method showing the construction line for construction in the moving direction, and FIG. 3 is a diagram of the existing method showing the construction procedure for grouting the drilling hole in the construction line of FIG.

In FIG. 1, the shaded line indicates the order reinforcement zone, and each grid point and each marked with ○ indicates a perforation hole.

Also, ①,②,③,④ indicate the positions where the drilling machine stands.

Referring to FIG. 1, the drilling equipment is fixed at positions ① to ④ to form 72 drilling holes. In addition, as shown in the specification table, all 72 drilling holes have almost all the different horizontal and vertical angles from the drilling equipment, and almost all of the drilling lengths are different.

In addition, as shown in FIGS. 2a, 2b, and 2c, the length of the marked drilling hole is inefficient construction of drilling 7.5 to 7.9m to grout 1.3 to 1.7m.

As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the spacing is not constant, and too many perforated holes are formed while being too inefficient, such as short intervals, wide intervals, long sections, and short sections.

Due to this problem, not only construction cost but also construction time is required, and it is very difficult and complicated to form a perforated hole.

In addition, as shown in FIG. 3 , in the order of grouting, drilling is performed, inserting an injection pipe made of pvc pipe, caulking between the rear of the injection pipe and the drilling hole, and starting from the caulking part of the drilling hole entrance to the end of the drilling hole After sealing between the injection tube and the perforated hole until the end of the injection tube, the sealing material is cured until it becomes a gall-type, and then inserts an air packer into the end of the injection tube and grouts while moving backward by a certain distance.

The injection pipe has a through hole (injection hole) at regular intervals in the body, and a non-return valve is installed in this through hole (injection hole).

The injection pipe is installed to prevent the collapse of the perforated hole and to create a space for the air packer to move from the tip to the rear of the perforated hole.

In addition, when grouting while going backward by a certain distance, inject air so that the air packer is in close contact with the injection pipe wall so that the air packer expands. Waiting until the grout liquid maintains a certain consistency, removing the air from the air packer, then moving backward for a certain distance, and repeatedly adding air to the air packer to inflate it.

In addition, since there is only one spout formed with the air packer at the tip, if the admixture is mixed, the grout hose may be clogged due to a long gall time, or the grout hose may be clogged or it is difficult to install without the gall time. There is a problem with backwards. When the air packer is retracted, the grout material that has not hardened will also flow backwards.

Referring to the cross-sectional view A-A of FIG. 3, an injection tube ② made of a pipe in the drilling hole ①, an air packer ③ in the injection tube, and a grout hose ④ in the air packer are formed, and the space between the injection tube and the perforation hole is filled with a sealing material⑤.

It is formed in such a complex way, and there are many difficulties in construction time and quality control according to the grout.

4 is a cross-sectional view showing a steel pipe reinforcement installation of the conventional method in a tunnel, and FIG.

Reinforcement of steel pipe is repeatedly installed on the upper part of the tunnel excavation surface in a certain quantity at intervals of about 50 cm according to a certain tunnel excavation distance.

In a section where water-reinforcement and steel pipe reinforcement are installed at the same time in the tunnel, water-reinforcement is performed and then the steel pipe is reinforced later.

6 shows a construction flow chart for grouting the steel pipe reinforcement of the existing method installed as shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, and drilling at regular intervals in the upper part of the tunnel excavation ship, inserting the steel pipe reinforcement into the drilling hole, and inserting the steel pipe reinforcement into the drilling hole entrance caulk between the steel pipe and the drilling hole, seal the space between the steel pipe and the drilling hole from the caulking part at the entrance of the drilling hole to the tip of the drilling hole, cure it until it becomes a gall type, and then move the air packer back a certain distance from the inner tip of the steel pipe Grouting construction method.

It uses a steel pipe instead of an injection pipe used for water-reinforcement, and the rest is the same as for water-reinforcement, and the problems associated with it are the same.

In addition, in order to excavate the tunnel after grouting the steel pipe reinforcement, it is necessary to wait without excavation for 24 hours while the grout material is cured. 5~6 tunnel excavators cannot do the excavation work. This causes a lot of economic losses and delays in air.

7 is a conceptual diagram of a smart grout system according to the present invention.

It is largely divided into a first injection member and a first grout hose.

In the first injection member, the end of the tube extending from the mixer and the mixing pump is fastened by the first grout hose aft and the connector, and a flow meter, a pressure gauge, and a switch are installed between the mixer mixing pump and the connector.

The connecting device is to connect the pipe of the first injection member and the first grout hose in the form of a tube so that the grout material is delivered to the drilling hole without leakage.

The pipe diameter of the injection member and the diameter of the grout hose may be the same or different, and the method is not limited as long as the grout material of the injection member can be transmitted into the reinforcement through the grout hose.

The mixer is a tank that mixes cement with water or admixture (ash), and the mixing pump is a device that pressurizes the grout material to penetrate into the perforation hole and the ground around the perforation hole while passing the first grout hose through the tube from the mixer.

A pressure gauge and a flow meter are devices that can check how much pressure and quantity from the mixing pump. The pressure gauge and flow meter are automatically checked and an automatic injection device that automatically injects the designed amount can be used together.

In addition, the tube may be separated between the pressure gauge and the switchgear and extend to the mixer so that the grout material can make a U-turn. This pipe is called a U-turn pipe and a switch must be installed at any one position in the U-turn pipe.

When inserting the first grout hose into the perforation hole, it is preferable that the tip of the grout hose be installed a little farther than the end of the perforation hole.

The U-turn tube was applied with pressure from the mixing pump, and when an unexpected situation occurred, the switch of the first injection member was closed and the switch of the U-turn tube was opened to prevent damage due to overloading of the mixing pump.

The first grout hose is an elongated hose, and the rear end is fastened with the pipe extending from the first injection member by a connecting device, and the tip end is closed while being pointed.

The pointed shape has a smaller end than the tube cut surface, such as an oval, triangle, or circle, so any shape is acceptable as long as there is little jamming when inserted into the tube.

In addition, the body has through holes formed in a spiral shape at regular intervals, and the grout material is evenly penetrated through the through holes with an even pressure throughout the drilling holes.

The spiral-shaped through hole is designed to reduce the bias by allowing the grout liquid to be ejected in turns instead of only in one direction.

When there are multiple grout lakes, the vent can be formed on only one side.

In addition, restraining members are installed in the first grout hose at regular intervals, and the restraining members are fixed with other hoses other than the first grout or serve as a spacer so that the first grout hose is located in the center of the drilling hole.

In addition, in the AA cross-sectional view of Fig. 3, which is the existing method, ① made of pvc pipe in the perforated hole ② injection tube, in injection tube ③ air packer, in air packer ④ grout hose, between injection tube and perforation hole ⑤ five types of sealing material In addition, in the grouting, multi-stage grouting is performed while the air packer is reversed 4-5 times, while looking at the AA cross-sectional view of FIG. It consists of only two types of grout hose, that is, drilling hole and grout hose, and simultaneously pressurized grouting without multiple stages.

Whereas the conventional one consists of 5 types of drilling hole, injection pipe, air packer, grout hose, and sealing material, the present invention consists of only two types of drilling hole and the first grout hose.

8 is a view showing another example of the smart grout system according to the present invention, and consists of a first injection member, a second injection member, and a first grout hose.

The second injection member has the same structure as the first injection member described above, except that the grout material of the first injection member and the grout material of the second injection member are different in composition and effect. In addition, the tube of the first injection member and the tube of the second injection member are connected by a Y tube, and the remaining part is fastened to the rear of the first grout hose by a connecting device.

The first grout hose is the same as described above.

The material injected through the first injection member and the material injected through the second injection member are mixed from the point where they join through the Y tube and penetrate into the drilling hole and the ground of the drilling hole through the through hole of the first grout hose. did.

The Y tube is not necessarily Y-shaped. The grout material may be mixed through the first injection member and the second injection member and grout into the drilling hole and the reinforcing material. The mixing position is expressed as the Y tube. In addition, the mixing position may be in the hole in the drilling hole and the rear side of the reinforcing material. Any shape or shape may be used as long as the role of mixing the grout introduced through the first grout hose and the second grout hose is possible. When installing the Y-pipe at the rear side of the reinforcement in the drilling hole in the steel pipe reinforcement of the tunnel, it can be used very effectively because it can be installed within 15° without the interference of the tunnel support material due to the drilling.

FIG. 9 is a view showing another example of the present invention, wherein the first grout hose and the second grout hose are constrained in a first injection member and a first grout hose and a second injection member and a second grout hose. (device), the first injection member and the second injection member are separated and installed separately and coupled at regular intervals.

In addition, the constraining member (device) may serve to position the grout hose in the center of the drilling hole, partition the interval within the section, and block the section section.

Like the first grout hose, the second grout hose has a pointed end and is closed, has through-holes formed at regular intervals on its body, and a backflow prevention member is attached to the through-hole.

1,2 The sharp part of the tip of the grout hose is fixedly coupled by a restraint device.

Any shape can be used as long as the tip is smaller than the body and is easily inserted into the drilling hole without any jamming. The backflow prevention device may use any method as long as the grout material ejected through the first grout hose does not enter the second grout hose using a taping valve or the like.

10 is a view showing another example of the present invention, wherein a plurality of first grout hoses having different lengths are connected to the first injection member, and the second grout hose is connected to the second injection member. At this time, it is advantageous to fill the gap between the grout hose and the opening.

The plurality of first grout hoses having different lengths have a through hole formed at the tip and no through hole in the body. The second grout hose and the second injection member are the same as described above.

A plurality of grout hoses having different lengths may be connected to one of the first injection members or to each of the first injection members.

When the grout material is the same, the first injection member is expressed as the first injection member even if there are several units, and the second injection member is expressed as the first injection member and the grout material different from the first injection member is injected. All grout hoses have a pointed shape, but the longer parts are joined to the parts in contact with each grout hose so that they can enter without jamming when inserted into the drilled hole.

11 is a view showing a construction example in the present invention.

Looking at the cross-sectional view of Fig. 11, the reinforcement starting position is marked in two rows on the inner makjang surface of the tunnel excavation surface, and the reinforcement range section on the upper part of the tunnel excavation surface that is not excavated is indicated by a solid line. The longitudinal cross-sectional view of FIG. 11 is a view showing the reinforcement installed in the cross-sectional view of FIG. 11 in the tunnel progress direction. It shows the reinforcement at an angle designed in two rows from the surface of the tunnel that is in contact with the excavation surface of the tunnel formed by excavating the tunnel. This shows an example of construction in which two rows of tunnels are excavated at regular intervals and reinforced repeatedly in the same manner as the first.

The reinforcement range before the tunnel excavated Makjangmyeon indicates that reinforcement has already been made.

As shown in the cross-sectional view of Fig. 11, the present invention shows a construction example in which order reinforcement and steel pipe reinforcement can be simultaneously constructed on the same makjang surface.

It is possible to reinforce the order and steel pipe in the form of a zigzag rather than the collinearity of the first and second columns. The ones marked in black are the steel pipe reinforcement holes, and the ones marked in white are the order reinforcement holes. In grouting the perforated hole in which the steel pipe reinforcement is inserted, the effect of order reinforcement is also achieved at the same time. There is no problem even if the steel pipe reinforcement and the order reinforcement are installed at the top and bottom of the 1st and 2nd rows together.

Order reinforcement or steel pipe reinforcement is made in the drilling hole drilled upward from the excavation surface of the tunnel that has not yet been excavated, and the drilling hole formed below the surface of the tunnel that has not yet been excavated is only filled. The order reinforcement and steel pipe reinforcement section shall be subjected to pressure grouting. In addition, as it goes down from the makjang surface, the drilling length becomes longer. In addition, the drilling diameter may be different within the drilling hole, and the drilling hole standard between adjacent holes may be different. In the steel pipe reinforcing section and perforated holes that only reinforce the order, it is advantageous to make the perforated hole for only the order reinforcement smaller than the steel pipe reinforcing hole. In addition, when the order reinforcement is added from the end of the steel pipe reinforcement, the perforation hole can be made smaller in the order reinforcement section than the steel pipe reinforcement section. In addition, the stiffness of the reinforcing material may be increased by additionally installing an auxiliary reinforcing material inside the reinforcing material in the reinforcing material installation section. The auxiliary reinforcing material may be of any type as long as it can increase the rigidity in reinforcing bars, steel beams, civil materials, geotextiles, etc.

12 shows an example of constructing three rows at regular intervals of tunnel excavation in one makjang. The greater the number of columns reinforced in one makjang, the longer the distance to the next reinforcing tunnel excavation makjang. In addition, the unnecessary drilling length is increased.

13 is a view showing as an example that the first makjang is constructed in two rows and the next makjang is constructed in one row.

14 is a view showing the construction of one row for each makjang as an example.

① and ② shown in the drawing of FIG. 11 are sections to be removed along with tunnel excavation, and are sections in which holes are filled in the drilling holes during grouting.

③ and ④ are reinforcing sections so that grout material penetrates up to the perforated hole and the ground of the perforated hole by pressurized grouting with the order or steel pipe inserted, and the lengths of ③ and ④ are all constant.

The boundaries between ① and ③ ② and ④ are formed near the excavated surface of the tunnel that has not yet been excavated and does not necessarily have to be at a certain location.

In inserting the first grout hose of FIG. 7 of the present invention into the drilling hole, the tip of the first grout hose is positioned near the end of the drilling hole, and the rear of the first grout hose extends out of the drilling hole and is fastened with the first injection member and the connector.

The spout penetrating through the body of the first grout hose is formed only in the grout hose section (section) that is installed from the vicinity of the unexcavated tunnel excavation surface to the end of the drilling hole, and penetrates from the vicinity of the unexcavated tunnel excavation surface to the connection port outside the drilling hole entrance It is advantageous to have no spheres.

As described above, from the unexcavated tunnel excavation surface to the entrance of the drilling hole, the hole is filled with the first grout hose inserted. Alternatively, a method of reversing one grout hose without caulking at the entrance of the drilling hole, allowing the grout liquid to condense immediately, and filling the hole may be used. In addition, although a cover or a cap may be installed at the rear of the reinforcing material, it is not necessary and may be installed as needed. The cover or cap is not limited by shape or material for the purpose of blocking the drilling hole at the rear of the reinforcement or the rear of the reinforcement. In addition, the grout hose must be passed through, and it is advantageous to seal between the grout hose and the through hole.

In addition, an auxiliary pipe can be installed in the perforation hole together with the grout hose. It can be assembled with the auxiliary pipe and inserted into the drilling hole at the same time, or the auxiliary pipe and the grout hose can be inserted in the order of inserting the auxiliary pipe and then the grout hose.

A caulking means is installed between the entrance of the drilling hole 1 and the rear end of the steel pipe 400, and the caulking means is for the purpose of preventing the grout liquid from flowing out through the drilling hole in grouting from the steel pipe rear to the tip of the steel pipe 400. Any method irrespective of shape or shape. Caulking members such as packers, pockets, and quick-setting grouts are mainly used. It is also possible to fill holes using a caulking means.

In addition, the auxiliary pipe may be removed before grouting, and it may be buried by the grout material together with the grout hose.

When the auxiliary pipe is embedded in the drilling hole together with the grout hose by the grout material, a cover through the grout hose should be installed at the rear of the auxiliary pipe, and through holes are formed in the body at regular intervals. If the drilling hole is not formed, the direct drilling method can be installed while drilling the auxiliary pipe directly. If the through hole has a spiral shape, it is advantageous in shear force and grout distribution. Auxiliary pipe means all pipes in a circular state, and steel pipes, Menzen tube pipes, pvc pipes, geotextile pipes, etc. are mainly used.

In addition, an air blowing hose in which the tip is installed at the entrance of the drilling hole in the case of downward drilling, and at the end of the drilling hole in the case of upward drilling, and the tail extends out of the drilling hole, the front end and the rear can be installed in the drilling hole.

When grouting the perforated hole, the tip of the air blowing hose should be positioned at the part where the air is concentrated in the perforated hole. In addition, the auxiliary pipe may be in the form of a steel pipe 400 or a pipe made of civil engineering materials. In addition, an auxiliary pipe is fixed or separated from the reinforcement aft outside the entrance of the drilling hole below the excavation surface of the tunnel that has not yet been excavated from the rear of the reinforcement in the reinforcement section. A blocking line may be formed at a location to be used. If it is not fixed, it is recommended to remove it before grouting. Alternatively, if non-tubular reinforcing bars are used as reinforcing materials, combine them with rebar and grout hose, respectively, or combine them with grout hose and insert them into the drilling hole. In addition, when the grout material is inserted into the perforated hole by the smart grout system, it is possible to grout by adding an admixture (ash) to the grout material that enables self-healing, water fire separation, and rapid curing.

The self-healing role refers to the restoration of micro-damaged parts such as cracks to their original state over time when the grout material is micro-damaged due to impact after curing or during curing.

The role of water fire separation means that the cement-based grout material prevents the cement from being washed out when it comes into contact with water.

Rapid curing is to ensure that the grout material develops a certain compressive strength within 2-6 hours. In addition, it is also possible to add one or more grout hoses and re-grout after construction is completed. It can be installed inside or outside the reinforcing material, and it is more effective if a backflow prevention device is installed in the through hole at regular intervals formed in the body. In addition, it is installed by floating a certain space on the reconstructed grout hose body in the form of a double tube, and the outer tube may be formed with a long groove so that the grout liquid can be ejected.

100: first grout hose 120: first injection member
130: second injection member 200: second grout hose
220: 3rd injection main material 300: 3rd grout hose
320: 4th injection cast member 400: steel pipe
410: through hole 420: cover
500: air blowing hose 600: U-turn pipe

Claims (23)

In the smart grout system for drilling and reinforcing grout in the drilling hole to prevent the ground from collapsing when cutting or excavating the ground from the tunnel face to the tunnel progress direction,
A first grout that extends long and closes with a sharp tip, a plurality of through holes 110 are formed on the outer circumferential surface, the tip is inserted into the perforation hole 1, and the rear is installed so as to extend out of the entrance of the perforation hole 1 hose 100; and
A first injection member 120 including a connection device and an opener 122, a pressure gauge 124, a flow meter 126, and a mixing pump 128 connected to the rear of the first grout hose 100 to inject the grout material ;
The first grout hose 100 is formed in the longitudinal direction and closed with a sharp tip, a plurality of through holes 210 are formed on the outer circumferential surface, the tip is inserted into the drilling hole 1, and the rear is the drilled hole 1 ) a second grout hose installed to extend outside the inlet (200);
a restraining member 202 provided to bind the first grout hose 100 and the second grout hose 200 to each other; and
a third injection member 220 connected to the rear of the second grout hose 200 and including a connection device, a switch 222, a pressure gauge 224, a flow meter 226, and a mixing pump 228 to inject the grout material;
The first grout hose 100 is disposed in the longitudinal direction, the tip is opened, and a plurality of lines having different lengths are formed, a plurality of through holes 310 are formed on the outer circumferential surface, and the tip is inserted into the perforation hole 1 . a third grout hose 300 which is inserted and installed so as to extend outside the inlet of the rear perforated hole (1);
a restraining member 302 provided to bind the first grout hose 100 and the third grout hose 300 to each other; and
A fourth injection member 320 including a connection device connected to the rear of the third grout hose 300 and injecting grout material, a switch 322 , a pressure gauge 324 , a flow meter 326 , and a mixing pump 328 . including;
Drilling the 1st to Nth perforated holes 1 having different inclination angles in the tunnel progress direction from the tunnel end face at an upward inclination angle, and drilling length from the 1st row perforated hole 1 to the Nth perforating hole 1 is formed step by step and elongated,
An air blowing hose 500 for exhausting air inside the drilling hole 1 is provided, and the air blowing hose 500 has a tip disposed at the end of the drilling hole 1 when the drilling hole 1 is inclined upward. and, when the drilling hole (1) has a downward inclination angle, the tip is disposed on the inlet side of the drilling hole (1),
The first injection member 120 or the second injection member 220 has one end of the U-turn tube 600 connected between the switchgear 122 and 222 and the mixing pump 128 and 228, and the U-turn tube 600 ) The other end is connected to the mixing pumps 128 and 228, and the U-turn pipe 600 is opened and closed by a U-turn valve or a pressure valve to absorb the grout over pressure supplied through the mixing pumps 128 and 228. provided,
A steel pipe 400 is inserted into the perforation hole 1, a grout hose is further added to the outside of the steel pipe 400, and the first, second, and third grout hoses 100, 200 and 300 are grouted through. It is provided for re-grouting after the ash injection is completed,
When the auxiliary pipe 430 is installed in a section from the outside of the inlet of the drilling hole 1 to the rear of the steel pipe 400 , and the auxiliary pipe 430 is connected to the steel pipe 400 , the end connected to the steel pipe 400 . A blocking line is formed so that the length can be adjusted,
Smart grout system, characterized in that the entrance area of the drilling hole (1) corresponding to the unexcavated tunnel area from the tunnel end surface is provided to fill the hole by rapid grouting while reversing after inserting the grout hose into the drilling hole (1). .
According to claim 1, wherein a Y pipe (Y) is installed at the rear of the first grout hose (100),
The first injection member 120 and the second injection member 130 are respectively connected to the Y tube (Y), and the second injection member 130 includes a connecting device, a switchgear 132, a pressure gauge 134, and a flow meter ( 136) and a mixing pump 138, and a smart grout system, characterized in that it is provided so that different grout materials are selectively smartly injected through the first and second injection members 120 and 130.
delete The smart grout system according to claim 1, wherein a backflow prevention member (212) is provided in the through hole (210) of the second grout hose (200).
delete delete delete The smart grout system according to claim 1, wherein the grout pressure and the grout injection amount injected into the perforation hole (1) are automatically controlled and recorded by the injection member.
delete Using the smart grout system of claim 1,
From the tunnel end face, the drilling holes 1 to N having different inclination angles or a constant inclination angle from each other in the tunnel progress direction are drilled at an upward inclination angle, A perforation hole forming step (S1) of forming a long perforation length step by step;
A hole filling step (S2) of closing the entrance area of the drilling hole (1) corresponding to the unexcavated tunnel area from the surface of the makjang; and
A tunnel reinforcement method to which a smart grout system is applied, comprising: a grouting step (S3) of smartly injecting the grout material into the perforation hole (1).
[Claim 11] The tunnel reinforcement method to which a smart grout system is applied according to claim 10, wherein in the drilling hole forming step (S1), adjacent drilling holes (1) have different diameters.
delete 11. The method of claim 10, wherein an auxiliary reinforcing material including a reinforcing steel pipe and a reinforcing wire is further provided inside the steel pipe (400).
The method of claim 10, wherein a cover 420 having an opening 422 is installed at the rear of the steel pipe 400, and one end of the grout hose is inserted into the drilling hole 1 through the opening 422. A tunnel reinforcement method to which a smart grout system is applied, characterized in that the other end is extended to the outside of the drilling hole (1) and connected to the injection member.
delete [11] The tunnel reinforcement method according to claim 10, wherein the steel pipe (400) is constructed in a direct drilling method in which the drilling hole (1) is drilled and inserted at the same time.
delete delete delete [11] The tunnel reinforcement method according to claim 10, wherein the grout material contains an admixture (ash) capable of self-healing, inseparation in water, and rapid curing.
delete delete 11. The method of claim 10,
When the steel pipe 400 is buried together with the grout material in the drilling hole 1, the rear of the steel pipe 400 is located at a certain depth of the drilling hole 1, and a cover 420 such as a lid or a cap is located at the rear of the steel pipe 400. is installed, and a tunnel reinforcement method to which a smart grout system is applied, characterized in that a caulking means is installed between the entrance of the drilling hole (1) and the aft of the steel pipe (400)

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