KR102285496B1 - Smoke control system for preventing excessive negative pressure in building and method for controlling the same - Google Patents

Abstract

Provided are a smoke control system for prevention of excessive indoor negative pressure and a control method thereof. The smoke control system for prevention of excessive indoor negative pressure according to one embodiment of the present invention comprises: a fire detector which generates a fire detection signal by detecting whether a fire breaks out in a building; an exhaust air duct which is located adjacent to an ancillary room provided as a smoke-free zone in the building and exhausts indoor air; an exhaust damper controlling an exhaust rate of the exhaust air duct; a negative pressure detector which generates a negative pressure control request signal by determining whether a pressure difference between the ancillary room and the interior of the building exceeds a predetermined range; and a control unit which controls an opening and closing of the exhaust damper based on the fire detection signal and the negative pressure control request signal.

Description

Smoke control system for preventing excessive negative pressure indoors and control method thereof

The present application relates to a ventilation system for preventing excessive negative pressure indoors and a method for controlling the same.

Smoke control technology is to grasp the fire growth time and control the movement of smoke and clean and safe air inside the building in order to secure safety from the smoke generated in the case of a fire in the building. Specifically, since the flow of clean air and smoke moves from the high pressure side to the low pressure side, it can be said that controlling the physical flow of the air and smoke is controlling the pressure inside the building.

A smoke control system is a system that controls smoke or combustion toxic gases by using mechanical methods such as blowers or exhausts in case of fire. These ventilation facilities are largely a smoke control facility that pressurizes between physical barriers with a blower to prevent smoke from entering the pressurized space, or a smoke ventilation facility that forcibly discharges smoke that has entered the room through an exhauster. can be divided into

On the other hand, in the case of a typical multi-story building except for a special type of building such as a direct staircase apartment building, the exhaust damper is operated based on the fire detection signal on the fire floor to ensure a smooth smoke-proof wind speed in the event of a fire. Even if the proper air volume is secured on the floor located far from the exhaust blower in consideration of the leakage amount, the exhaust air volume on the floor adjacent to the exhaust blower is excessive, creating a large pressure difference between the smoke control area and the indoor area, making it difficult to open the fire door in contact with the room. This may cause difficulties in securing open power.

In order to solve this problem, a method of controlling the air volume by installing a damper or the like at the front or rear end of the exhaust blower may be considered. Even if the problem of excessive negative pressure in the floor adjacent to the exhaust blower is solved because it does not reach the required level, in this case, there is a problem in that proper performance cannot be secured in the floor far from the exhaust blower.

As such, for safe evacuation of occupants in a building in a fire situation, the ventilation system provided to control the exhaust in the building in the event of a fire is the location of the exhaust blower, the leakage rate of the exhaust damper installed in the exhaust windpipe (duct), the location of the fire floor, etc. It is essential to be designed to provide an appropriate level of active exhaust performance by comprehensively considering

In addition, with the development of architectural culture, new types of buildings such as officetels with transformed apartment structures appeared and buildings with various internal shapes were built. If the corridor between the living rooms is provided in a structure that is connected only through the living room fire door, or the corridor between the ventilation area and the living room is provided in an airtight structure, in the event of a fire, if the exhaust damper is opened and exhaust is made with the fire door closed, especially On the floor adjacent to the top floor of the building or in the corridors of all floors, only the smoke-proof air volume emission of the exhaust damper connected to the exhaust windpipe (duct) and the fire door leakage on the fire floor (e.g., the leakage amount of the fire door in the living room and the leakage amount of the fire door in the annex) are the exhaust amount. The negative pressure in the corridor rises rapidly to the vicinity of the segment pressure close to the design static pressure of the exhaust blower.

Accordingly, there is a problem in that the fire door installed in a structure in which the living room fire door opens in the direction of the living room by a large negative pressure between the smoke control area and the hallway cannot be opened even by a normal adult, so that evacuation is impossible.

The technology that is the background of the present application is disclosed in Korean Patent Publication No. 10-1920894.

The present application is to solve the problems of the prior art described above, and in the event of a fire, detects excessive negative pressure indoors that may be generated by exhaust control performed in the fire floor when a fire occurs, and solves this to provide a smoke control system so that occupants can safely evacuate. intended to provide.

However, the technical problems to be achieved by the embodiments of the present application are not limited to the technical problems as described above, and other technical problems may exist.

As a technical means for achieving the above technical problem, the ventilation system for preventing excessive negative pressure indoors according to an embodiment of the present application includes a fire detector that detects whether a fire occurs in a building and generates a fire detection signal, the building It is determined whether the pressure difference between the exhaust airflow level for exhausting the indoor air located adjacent to the auxiliary room, which is a ventilation area provided in and a negative pressure sensor generating a negative pressure control request signal and a control unit controlling opening and closing of the exhaust damper based on the fire detection signal and the negative pressure control request signal.

In addition, the exhaust wind direction may be branched for each floor of the building, and the exhaust damper may be installed for the indoor provided for each floor of the building.

In addition, the fire detector may detect fire floor information in the building.

Also, the controller may control an opening rate of the exhaust damper installed on the fire floor in the building based on the fire floor information.

In addition, the opening rate may be determined based on a preset ratio in response to a case in which the corresponding floor is a fire floor for each of at least two or more floors in the building.

In addition, the ventilation system for preventing excessive negative pressure indoors according to an embodiment of the present application may include an exhaust blower installed with respect to the exhaust airflow to provide an exhaust force for exhausting the indoor air.

Also, the controller may control the air volume of the exhaust blower based on the fire detection signal and the negative pressure control request signal.

In addition, the air volume may be determined based on a preset value in response to a case in which the corresponding floor is a fire floor for each of at least two or more floors in the building.

Also, the controller may control the output of the exhaust blower to control the air volume to correspond to the preset value.

In addition, the negative pressure sensor is provided to detect a second pressure difference between a first pressure guiding pipe provided to detect a first pressure difference between the annex and the hallway and a living room positioned adjacent to the hallway and the hallway The negative pressure control request signal may be generated based on the first pressure difference and the second pressure difference obtained through the second pressure guiding tube.

In addition, a first fire door may be installed between the annex and the hallway, and a second fire door may be installed between the hallway and the living room.

Also, the controller may control at least one of an opening rate of the exhaust damper and an air volume of the exhaust blower in consideration of whether at least one of the first fire door and the second fire door is opened or closed.

In addition, the indoor may include a hallway between the annex and the living room.

Also, the hallway may have an airtight structure.

In addition, the control unit may be switchable to a manual operation mode to individually control the opening rate of each of the exhaust dampers provided for each floor.

On the other hand, the control method of the ventilation system for preventing excessive negative pressure indoors according to an embodiment of the present application includes the steps of detecting whether a fire has occurred in a building and generating a fire detection signal; generating a negative pressure control request signal by judging whether a pressure difference between the ancillary room and the indoor adjacent room exceeds a preset range, and exhausting the indoor air based on the fire detection signal and the negative pressure control request signal and controlling an exhaust damper to adjust an exhaust amount of the exhaust wind.

The above-described problem solving means are merely exemplary, and should not be construed as limiting the present application. In addition to the exemplary embodiments described above, additional embodiments may exist in the drawings and detailed description.

According to the problem solving means of the present application described above, it is possible to provide a ventilation system that detects excessive negative pressure indoors that may be generated by exhaust control performed in the fire floor when a fire occurs, and solves the problem so that occupants can safely evacuate. .

However, the effects obtainable herein are not limited to the above-described effects, and other effects may exist.

1 is a schematic configuration diagram of a ventilation system for preventing excessive negative pressure indoors according to an embodiment of the present application.
2 is a plan view of one floor in a building provided with a ventilation system for preventing excessive negative pressure indoors according to an embodiment of the present application.
3 is a schematic configuration diagram of a control unit of a ventilation system for preventing excessive negative pressure indoors according to an embodiment of the present application.
FIG. 4 is a view for explaining that the opening rate of the exhaust damper is controlled by the controller.
5 is a pressure diagram for each layer formed by exhaust control performed by the exhaust unit when a fire occurs.
6 is a pressure chart for each layer of air supplied to the annex by the air supply unit to form a smoke-proof wind speed when a fire occurs.
7 is an operation flowchart of a control method of a ventilation system for preventing excessive negative pressure indoors according to an embodiment of the present application.

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present application will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings so that those of ordinary skill in the art to which the present application pertains can easily implement them. However, the present application may be embodied in several different forms and is not limited to the embodiments described herein. And in order to clearly explain the present application in the drawings, parts irrelevant to the description are omitted, and similar reference numerals are attached to similar parts throughout the specification.

Throughout this specification, when a part is "connected" with another part, it is not only "directly connected" but also "electrically connected" or "indirectly connected" with another element interposed therebetween. "Including cases where

Throughout this specification, when it is said that a member is positioned "on", "on", "on", "under", "under", or "under" another member, this means that a member is positioned on the other member. It includes not only the case where they are in contact, but also the case where another member exists between two members.

Throughout this specification, when a part "includes" a component, it means that other components may be further included, rather than excluding other components, unless otherwise stated.

The present application relates to a ventilation system for preventing excessive negative pressure indoors and a method for controlling the same.

1 is a schematic configuration diagram of a ventilation system for preventing excessive negative pressure indoors according to an embodiment of the present application, and FIG. 2 is a building provided with a ventilation system for preventing excessive negative pressure indoors according to an embodiment of the present application It is a floor plan from one floor in the interior.

1 and 2, the smoke control system 10 (hereinafter, referred to as 'the ventilation system 10') for preventing excessive negative pressure indoors according to an embodiment of the present application is a fire detector 100 , an exhaust airflow 210 , an exhaust damper 220 , an exhaust blower 230 , a negative pressure sensor 300 , a window 400 , and a controller 500 .

In addition, although not shown in the drawings, in the following description of the embodiment of the present application, the exhaust windpipe 210 , the exhaust damper 220 , the exhaust blower 230 , etc. Exhaust for forcibly discharging the smoke that has entered the room to the outside of the building Configurations for (exhaust) can be collectively referred to as an exhaust unit (not shown), and the evacuation of occupants such as the air supply airflow 610, the supply air damper 620, and the supply air blower 630 provided in the auxiliary room 2, etc. Components for smoke protection (supply air) that protects smoke from entering by pressurizing the smoke control area to be secured for this purpose may be collectively referred to as an air supply unit (not shown).

Meanwhile, the fire detector 100 , the exhaust damper 220 , the exhaust blower 230 , the negative pressure detector 300 , and the control unit 500 of the smoke control system 10 may communicate with each other through the network 20 . The network 20 means a connection structure capable of exchanging information between each node, such as terminals and servers, and an example of such a network 20 includes a serial communication network, a parallel communication network, and a parallel communication network. Communication) network, 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) network, 5G network, WIMAX (World Interoperability for Microwave Access) network, Internet, LAN (Local Area Network), Wireless LAN (Wireless Local Area Network), WAN (Wide) Area Network), PAN (Personal Area Network), wifi network, Bluetooth network, satellite broadcasting network, analog broadcasting network, DMB (Digital Multimedia Broadcasting) network, Global System of Mobile communication (GSM) network p, Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA) networks, Wideband Code Division Multiple Access (WCDMA) networks, General Packet Radio Service (GPRS) networks, Long Term Evolution ( Long Term Evolution (LTE) network, LTE Frequency Division Duplex (FDD) network, LTE Time Division Duplex (TDD), Universal Mobile Telecommunication System (UMTS) network, Worldwide Worldwide Interoperabil ity for Microwave Access, WiMAX) communication network, NR (New Radio, NR) network, etc. are included, but are not limited thereto, and it can be understood that it is widely applicable to various communication systems such as 5G systems that are known or developed in the future. .

In addition, referring to FIGS. 1 and 2 , the building provided with the ventilation system 10 disclosed herein includes a plurality of floors, and each floor of the building includes an auxiliary room 2 and an auxiliary room 2 that are ventilation areas, and It may have a structure including the indoor 30 located adjacently. In addition, according to an exemplary embodiment of the present application, the indoor 30 may include a living room 4 , which is a space where occupants mainly live, and a hallway 3 between the annex 2 and the living room 4 . In particular, in the description of the embodiment of the present application, the indoor 30 may include a corridor 3 having an airtight structure located between the annex 2 and the living room 4, and in this regard, the ventilation system disclosed herein (10) can effectively prevent the occurrence of excessive negative pressure in the corridor (3) of the hermetic structure.

However, depending on the structure of the building to which the ventilation system 10 disclosed herein is applied (installed), the indoor 30 refers to an integrated space that is not divided into subspaces such as the aforementioned hallway and living room. can In other words, the ventilation system 10 disclosed herein is applied to the indoor 30 of a structure in which the hallway 3 and the living room 4 are provided as separate spaces or in the indoor 30 provided as a single integrated structure. can be applied to

In addition, referring to FIGS. 1 and 2 , depending on the structure of the building in which the ventilation system 10 is installed, a region 1 adjacent to the annex 2 in contact with the annex 2 may be located in the building. For example, in the area adjacent to the annex 1, an evacuation staircase for evacuation of occupants and an elevator 1000 for occupant movement up and down are provided according to the type and structure of the building in which the ventilation system 10 of the present application is provided. It may include a hoistway and the like.

In addition, the control unit 500 is a user equipment (User Equipment, UE), an access terminal, a user unit, a remote terminal, a remote terminal, a mobile device, a user terminal, a terminal device, a wireless communication device, a user agent or a terminal device such as a user device can be linked The access terminal is equipped with a cellular phone, a wireless phone, a Session Initiation Protocol (SIP) phone, a Wireless Local Loop (WLL) station, a Personal Digital Assistant (PDA), and a wireless communication function. portable devices, computing devices or other processing devices connected to wireless modems, in-vehicle devices, wearable devices, and terminal devices in future 5G networks or terminal devices in the Future Evolution Public Land Mobile Network (PLMN). However, the present invention is not limited thereto.

The control unit 500 may be a device for communicating with a terminal device, and the network device may be a base transceiver station (BTS) in GSM or CDMA, or a base station (NodeB, NB) in WCDMA, It may be an evolution-type base station (Evolutional NodeB, eNB, or eNodeB) in LTE, a wireless controller under a Cloud Radio Access Network (CRAN) situation, or the control unit 500 is a relay station or access point, in-vehicle It may be a device, a wearable device, a network device in a future 5G network, or a network device in a future evolution PLMN network, and embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited thereto.

3 is a schematic configuration diagram of a control unit of a ventilation system for preventing excessive negative pressure indoors according to an embodiment of the present application.

Referring to FIG. 3 , the controller 500 may include a processor 510 , a memory 520 , a display 530 , an input interface 540 , and an output interface 550 . The memory 520 is for storing programs, commands or codes, and data. The processor 510 may control the input interface 540 to receive a signal, control the output interface 550 to transmit a signal, and execute a program, command or code in the memory 520 to complete the ventilation system. .

The processor 510 of the control unit 500 may be a central processing unit (CPU), and the processor 510 may also include another general-purpose processor, a digital signal processor (DSP), a dedicated integrated circuit ( Application Specific Integrated Circuit (ASIC), Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) or other programmable logic device, discrete gate or transistor logic device, discrete hardware component, or the like. A general-purpose processor may be a microprocessor or any general processor or the like.

The memory 520 of the controller 500 may include a read-only memory and a random access memory, and may provide instructions and data to the processor 510 . A portion of the memory 520 may further include a non-volatile random access memory. For example, the memory 520 may store device type information.

In the implementation process, each content of the method may be completed by instructions in the form of hardware integrated logic circuits or software in the processor 510 . The contents of the disclosed method in conjunction with the embodiments of the present disclosure may be directly executed by a hardware processor or may be executed by a combination of hardware and software modules in the processor. A software module may be located in a storage medium mature in the art, such as random memory, flash memory, ROM, programmable ROM or electrically erasable programmable memory, registers, etc. The storage medium is located in the memory 520 , and the processor 510 reads information in the memory 520 and combines it with hardware to complete the content of the method. To avoid duplication, they will not be described further here.

Those of ordinary skill in the art may recognize that each exemplary unit and algorithm step described in connection with the embodiments disclosed herein may be implemented by electronic hardware or a combination of computer software and electronic hardware. . Whether these functions are performed in a hardware or software manner is determined by the specific application of the technical solution and design constraints. Skilled artisans may implement the described functionality using different methods for each particular application, but such implementation should not be considered a departure from the scope of the present disclosure.

In addition, at least one of a first fire door d1 between the annex 2 and the hallway 3 and a second fire door d2 between the hallway 3 and the living room 4 may be installed on each floor of the building. . In particular, in the event of a fire, the occupants of the building move through the annex 2, which is a smoke control area, and the area adjacent to the annex 1, for evacuation from the building. Not only should the pressure control for the air flow in the building be controlled at the level possible, but also the smoke-proof wind speed that prevents smoke from entering the annex (2) or the area adjacent to the annex (1) at the first fire door (d1) and the second It should be able to be maintained regardless of the opening and closing of at least one of the two fire doors (d2).

The fire detector 100 may detect whether a fire has occurred in the building. In addition, when a fire occurs in a building, the fire detector 100 may transmit a fire detection signal to the control unit 500 to notify the fire occurrence situation.

In the description of the embodiment of the present application, the fire detector 100 is understood as a concept encompassing various detectors (sensors) that measure a signal capable of determining whether a fire has occurred, such as a heat detector, a smoke detector, a gas detector, and a human body detector. can be

Also, according to an embodiment of the present application, when a fire occurs in a building, the fire detector 100 may detect information related to a location of the fire. At this time, the fire detector 100 may transmit information related to the location of the detected fire floor, etc. to the control unit 500, where the information related to the location of the fire is the floor where the fire occurred in the building (hereinafter, It is referred to as a fire floor), a more specific location of a fire within the fire floor, and information on the fire floor and occupants of a predetermined upper and lower floor for the fire floor.

Also, according to an embodiment of the present application, when a fire occurs in a building, the fire detector 100 may detect information related to the intensity of the fire. In this case, the fire detector 100 may transmit information related to the detected fire intensity to the controller 500 .

The control unit 500 obtains various information related to a fire in a building equipped with the ventilation system 10 according to an embodiment of the present application, and based on the obtained information, the ventilation system 10 according to an embodiment of the present application A control room that controls each configuration of (in particular, whether the exhaust damper 220 of each floor of the building is opened or closed, the opening rate of the exhaust damper 220, the operation of the exhaust blower 230, etc.) can be understood as

In particular, the control unit 500 may be provided in some area (eg, a basement, etc.) in a building provided with the ventilation system 10 according to an embodiment of the present application, but is not limited thereto. As another example, the control unit 500 may be provided in a control tower separately provided outside the building provided with the ventilation system 10 according to an embodiment of the present application.

Hereinafter, the structure and function of each of the sub-components included in the exhaust unit (not shown), and the control method of the exhaust unit (not shown) for preventing excessive negative pressure in the room disclosed herein will be described in detail.

The exhaust windpipe 210 may be provided to extend along the top and bottom of the building inside the building to exhaust indoor air located adjacent to the annex, which is a ventilation area provided in the building. In particular, in the description of the embodiment of the present application, the annex 2 may be specifically provided for each floor of a building and refer to an area corresponding to a ventilation area. In addition, the annex 2 in the present application may include an annex for a special evacuation stairway provided in a platform or a building, which is a space between the elevator door and the interior 30 for entering and exiting the elevator.

The exhaust damper 220 may adjust the exhaust amount of the exhaust wind speed 210 . In addition, referring to FIG. 1 and the like, the exhaust damper 220 is installed on each floor of the building to exhaust smoke from each floor of the building as needed through the exhaust windpipe 210 extending up and down inside the building. can be provided for. In other words, the exhaust wind direction 210 may be branched for each floor of the building, and in this case, the exhaust damper 220 may be installed for the indoor 30 provided for each floor of the building.

The exhaust blower 230 may be installed with respect to the exhaust wind path 210 to provide an exhaust force for exhausting the air of the indoor 30 . Here, when the exhaust blower 230 is installed with respect to the exhaust windpipe 210, referring to FIG. 1 and the like, it may mean that the exhaust blower 230 is installed at the upper end of the exhaust windpipe 210, but limited thereto However, according to the embodiment of the present application, the exhaust blower 230 may be installed at a location other than the upper end, such as the lower end of the exhaust windpipe 210 .

The negative pressure sensor 300 may generate a negative pressure control request signal by determining whether the pressure difference between the auxiliary room 2 and the indoor 30 exceeds a preset range. Here, when the pressure difference between the annex 2 and the indoor 30 exceeds a preset range, for example, a fire occurs in a state in which external air cannot flow into the indoor 30 such as an airtight structure corridor. Accordingly, the exhaust damper 220 is opened and the indoor 30 is excessively exhausted through the exhaust unit (not shown), so that the air pressure in the indoor 30 is lowered than necessary, so that the auxiliary room 2 and the indoor 30 This may mean a situation in which there is a risk that the differential pressure between them increases, and there is a risk of excessive negative pressure (in other words, negative pressure, negative pressure, etc.) being formed in the indoor 30 .

In particular, in this situation, if proper control of the exhaust amount of the indoor 30 is not performed, the first fire door d1 has a structure that opens in the direction of the annex 2 due to excessive negative pressure of the indoor 30, or the second fire door d2 is In a building having a structure that opens in the direction of the living room 4, a pressure difference (for example, a large pressure difference of 230 to 250 Pa) that exceeds the smoke-free wind speed is formed on both sides of the fire door, so that the occupants evacuating from the inside of the building can use the fire door It may be difficult to evacuate because it cannot be opened.

In order to prevent this, the negative pressure sensor 300 in the present application determines whether the pressure difference between the auxiliary room 2 and the indoor 30 exceeds a preset range to request an appropriate control for the exhaust amount of the indoor 30. A negative pressure control request signal may be transmitted to the controller 500 .

Specifically, according to an embodiment of the present application, the ventilation system 10 may include at least one pressure guiding pipe provided to sense a pressure difference between the annex 2 and the indoor 30 for each floor of the building. there is. For example, the ventilation system 10 includes the first pressure guiding pipe p1 and the corridor 3 and the corridor ( 3) and a second pressure guiding pipe p2 provided to sense a second pressure difference between the living room 4 positioned adjacently may be included. In this regard, the negative pressure sensor 300 is configured to be configured to be configured in the above-described auxiliary chamber based on at least one of the first pressure difference measured through the first pressure guiding pipe p1 and the second pressure difference measured through the second pressure guiding pipe p2 . It may be determined whether the pressure difference between (2) and the indoor 30 exceeds a preset range.

In addition, according to the embodiment of the present application, the ventilation system 10 may include a third pressure guiding pipe p3 provided to sense a third pressure difference between the auxiliary room 2 and the living room 4 . In this case, the negative pressure sensor 300 may closely measure the pressure difference between the annex 2 and the indoor 30 by using at least two or more pieces of information on the first to third pressure difference.

In addition, according to an embodiment of the present application, the negative pressure sensor 300 determines whether excessive negative pressure has occurred based on the first pressure difference measured primarily through the first pressure guiding tube p1 to signal a negative pressure control request signal. However, if excessive negative pressure is still generated even after the exhaust level of the fire layer is controlled by the control unit 500, the second pressure difference measured through the second pressure pipe p2 and the third pressure pipe p3 are applied. By additionally utilizing at least one of the third pressure difference measured through an operation to more precisely detect the occurrence of excessive negative pressure in the indoor 30 , it is possible to actively generate a negative pressure control request signal.

In addition, according to an embodiment of the present application, the preset range for the pressure difference between the annex 2 and the indoor 30, which is a reference for the negative pressure sensor 300 to generate a negative pressure control request signal, is the negative pressure sensor 300 . It may be individually set for each floor in consideration of information on the number of floors on which the is installed and information on the installation location of the exhaust blower 230 (eg, the upper end or lower end of the exhaust airflow 210 ). For example, as will be described later with reference to FIG. 5 , on a floor close to the location where the exhaust blower 230 is installed, even if the exhaust blower 230 is driven at the same level, it is located far from the location where the exhaust blower 230 is installed. The amount of exhaust is large compared to that of the lower layer, and accordingly, the rate at which the pressure in the indoor 30 is lowered is high, so that excessive negative pressure can be formed more quickly. In consideration of this, the standard for generating the negative pressure control request signal is strictly set as the floor closer to the location where the exhaust blower 230 is installed, and the floor further away from the location where the exhaust blower 230 is installed generates the negative pressure control request signal Criteria for this may be relaxed and set.

As an illustration for easier understanding, the strict setting of the above-mentioned criteria means that the negative pressure control request signal is generated only when the pressure difference between the annex 2 and the indoor 30 exceeds a relatively high threshold value. there is.

In addition, the aforementioned preset range, which is a reference for the negative pressure sensor 300 to generate the negative pressure control request signal, is grasped by the fire detector 100 to enable an active response to the fire occurrence situation in the identified building. It may be changed in response to the fire location information, information related to the intensity of the fire, and the like.

For example, as the intensity of the fire detected by the fire detector 100 is stronger (higher), the standard for generating the negative pressure control request signal is changed to be strictly applied, and the weaker (lower) the intensity of the fire detected The criterion for generating the negative pressure control request signal may be relaxed.

Also, the controller 500 may adjust the exhaust level of the exhaust unit (not shown) based on the fire detection signal acquired by the fire detector 100 and the negative pressure control request signal transmitted by the negative pressure detector 300 . Specifically, the controller 500 may control the degree of exhaust by controlling whether the exhaust damper 220 provided on each floor is opened or closed and the opening rate of the exhaust damper 220 that is opened. As another example, the controller 500 may control the exhaust level by controlling the air volume of the exhaust blower 230 .

In this regard, according to an embodiment of the present application, the control unit 500 controls the exhaust damper 220 of the fire floor to be opened based on the fire floor information obtained from the fire detector 100 or to the fire floor and the fire floor. Control to open together the exhaust damper 220 of a plurality of floors including a predetermined layer above or below the air pressure sensor 300, but included in the negative pressure control request sent from the negative pressure sensor 300, each of the auxiliary rooms (2) The opening rate of the exhaust damper 220 that is opened may be individually controlled based on the pressure difference information between and indoors 30 .

FIG. 4 is a view for explaining that the opening rate of the exhaust damper is controlled by the controller.

Referring to FIG. 4 , the ventilation damper 220 of the ventilation system 10 includes a motor, a rotation shaft fixed to the motor, and a plurality of damper blades connected through a link and a connection bar to rotate when the rotation shaft is driven and respectively rotated, the damper It includes a louver (for example, it may be formed of a punching plate or a wire mesh) in which a plurality of louver blades are formed to protect the various parts inside from being touched by a human hand while being fixedly supported to the rear of the blade and concealing the inside. It may be a motorized damper (MD). In this regard, the controller 500 may adjust the opening rate by controlling the rotation angles α of the plurality of damper blades. As another example, when the smoke damper 220 is a flat damper designed to exhaust indoor air from the indoor 30 to the exhaust wind speed 210 according to the advance of the flat plate, the controller 500 determines the degree of forward and backward movement of the flat plate. By controlling it, the degree to which the indoor air is exhausted may be varied to adjust the opening rate.

5 is a pressure diagram for each layer formed by exhaust control performed by the exhaust unit when a fire occurs, and FIG. 6 is a pressure diagram for each layer of air supplied to the annex by the air supply unit to form a smoke-proof wind speed when a fire occurs.

5 and 6, an exhaust blower 230 is installed at the upper end of the exhaust wind path 210 in order to continuously maintain the smoke-proof wind speed when a fire occurs, and an air supply blower for supplying fresh outside air to the ventilation zone ( 630), the pressure distribution in the building having a structure installed at the lower end of the building is shown in FIGS. 5 and 6 .

Referring to FIG. 5, the air supply airflow 610 is an inflow passage of air outside the building, and the air supply airflow diagram 610 in the ventilation system 10 according to an embodiment of the present application is a hoistway or ancillary room ( It may be a vertical duct provided in 2). That is, the ventilation system 10 according to an embodiment of the present application may be provided for a building in which a vertical wind path for air supply (smoke prevention) is separately installed in the auxiliary room 2, or according to the embodiment of the present application, the auxiliary room 2 ), it may be provided for a building that does not have a separate vertical windpipe installed and uses the hoistway as an inlet passage for outside air for ventilation. In addition, according to an embodiment of the present application, the elevator 1000 associated with the ventilation system 10 may include an emergency elevator or an evacuation elevator.

In addition, referring to FIG. 5 , a state in which the smoke-proof wind speed is discharged when the fire doors on the side of at least some floors are open ((a) of FIG. In (b) of FIG. 5, the pressure difference between the annex 2 and the indoor 30 should be able to maintain the level set at the time of designing the supply air pressure control system, but referring to FIG. 6, if a fire occurs on the top floor When the exhaust damper 220 of the lowermost floor is closed and the exhaust damper 220 of the uppermost floor, which is the fire layer, is opened, the condition in which the maximum air volume of the exhaust blower 230 can be discharged is satisfied. As such, the exhaust level performed by the exhaust unit (not shown) in the fire floor (or the upper and lower predetermined floors adjacent to the fire floor and the fire floor) based on the smoke control system 10 is obtained from information on the number of floors of the fire floor and the fire floor. It should be actively determined based on distance information to the exhaust blower 230 and the supply blower 630 .

In this regard, according to an embodiment of the present application, the opening rate of the exhaust damper 220 controlled by the controller 500 is preset for each of at least two or more floors in a building in response to a case in which the corresponding floor is a fire floor. It can be determined based on the ratio.

For example, when it is assumed that the exhaust blower 230 is installed at the upper end of the exhaust windpipe 210 and the building includes a total of 30 floors (that is, when the topmost floor of the building is 30 floors), the first floor The opening rate (opening rate) of the exhaust damper 220 in the fire floor set in response to the case of this fire floor is at a level of 90% of the maximum opening capacity, and in the case of the fire floor set in response to the case where the 30th floor is the fire floor. The opening rate (opening rate) of the exhaust damper 220 in the fire floor set corresponding to the case where the opening rate (opening rate) of the exhaust damper 220 is at a level of 20% of the maximum opening capacity, and the 15th floor, which is the middle layer, is a fire floor. ) may be determined to be 50% of the maximum opening capacity, and when it is determined that a fire has occurred on the 10th floor by the fire detector 100 in an actual fire situation, the control unit 500 controls at least two or more predetermined floors (eg, In general, based on the preset ratio for the 1st floor, 15th floor, and 15th floor), an appropriate opening rate is calculated in the fire floor, which is the 10th floor, and the exhaust damper 220 of the 10th floor, which is the fire floor, is installed based on the determined opening rate. can be controlled

In other words, if a fire occurs in a specific one of the floors between the two floors for which the opening rate is set in advance, the control unit 500 responds to the fire in the corresponding floor with an arbitrary opening rate value between the preset opening rates of the two floors. It is possible to determine the level at which the exhaust damper 220 is controlled.

Also, according to an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure, the controller 500 may control the output of the exhaust blower 230 to control the air volume of the exhaust blower 230 . In addition, the controller 500 determines an appropriate air volume of the exhaust blower 230 based on a preset value in response to a case in which the corresponding floor is a fire floor for each of at least two or more floors in the building, and based on this, the exhaust blower 230 can be controlled.

For better understanding, as in the above example, for a 30-story building in which the exhaust blower 230 is installed at the upper end of the exhaust windpipe 210, the exhaust blower 230 is set in response to the case where the first floor is a fire floor. When the air volume is 90% of the maximum output, the air volume of the exhaust blower 230 set in response to the case where the 30th floor is the fire floor is 20% of the maximum output, and the 15th floor, which is the middle floor, is set in response to the case of the fire floor. The air volume of the exhaust blower 230 may be determined to be at a level of 50% of the maximum opening capacity, and when it is determined that a fire has occurred on the 10th floor by the fire detector 100 in an actual fire situation, the control unit 500 controls a predetermined Calculating the appropriate air volume of the exhaust blower 230 corresponding to the fire floor, which is the 10th floor, based on a preset ratio for at least two or more floors (eg 1st floor, 15th floor, 15th floor), and based on the determined appropriate air volume The exhaust blower 230 may be controlled.

In other words, if a fire occurs in a specific one of the floors between the two floors for which the opening rate is set in advance, the control unit 500 responds to the fire in the corresponding floor with an arbitrary air volume value between the air volume values corresponding to the two preset floors. Thus, it is possible to determine the level at which the exhaust blower 230 is controlled.

Hereinafter, a structure including a window 400 installed in the indoor 30 to supply outdoor air to the indoor 30 when opened (for example, a corridor 3 between the annex 2 and the living room 4 ) A process for preventing excessive negative pressure in the indoor 30 by controlling the opening and closing of the window 400 by the controller 500 in the ventilation system 10 installed in a building of a structure in which a window in contact with the outside is installed in the let it do

That is, the controller 500 may control the opening and closing of the window 400 based on the fire detection signal received from the fire detector 100 and the negative pressure control request signal transmitted from the negative pressure detector 300 . In other words, the control unit 500 causes excessive negative pressure to occur in the indoor 30 because the exhaust is at a level higher than necessary in the corridor 3 of the airtight structure, and it is determined that it is difficult to open the fire door in the evacuation situation of the occupants. By automatically opening the closed window 400 in response to the fire detection signal and negative pressure control request signal generated in response to the Excessive negative pressure in the indoor 30 may be removed.

Illustratively, as shown in Figure 1, the window 400 is provided to be slidably movable in both directions so that it can be opened to supply outside air or closed to block outside air, or it is hinged with the window frame and rotates in both directions as needed. It may be provided to be opened or closed toward the outside of the building, and the control unit 500 is necessary based on communication with a predetermined communication module installed adjacent to a driving device that brakes the power for opening and closing the window 400 . The window 400 may be opened and closed by allowing the driving device to operate in accordance with, but is not limited thereto.

In addition, according to an exemplary embodiment of the present application, when a negative pressure control request signal is received from the negative pressure sensor 300 after a fire occurs, the control unit 500 primarily calculates the opening rate of the exhaust damper 220 as the fire floor information, the location of the fire. In order to control based on information, fire intensity information, etc., and to remove excessive negative pressure of the indoor 30 through control of the exhaust damper 220, even if the exhaust intensity is changed, the negative pressure of the indoor 30 is still When the set range is exceeded, it is possible to control the window 400 to be opened secondarily.

To this end, the negative pressure sensor 300 controls the opening and closing rate of the exhaust damper 220 primarily in response to the negative pressure control request signal generated when the window is closed, and then the exhaust damper ( After 220) is controlled, it may be judged again whether the pressure difference between the annex 2 and the indoor 30 exceeds a preset range. If the negative pressure sensor 300 determines that the pressure difference still exceeds the preset range based on the judgment result, the negative pressure sensor 300 regenerates the negative pressure control request signal and responds to the regenerated negative pressure control request signal The controller 500 may control the window 400 to be opened.

In addition, when the pressure difference between the auxiliary room 2 and the indoor 30 measured (sensed) by the negative pressure sensor 300 after the window 400 is opened is within a preset range, the control unit 500 ) can be controlled to close.

In addition, according to an embodiment of the present application, the control unit 500 of the ventilation system 10 according to an embodiment of the present application installed for a building having a structure in which the window 400 contacting the outside air is not provided in the indoor 30 is When a negative pressure control request signal is received from the negative pressure sensor 300 after a fire occurs, the opening rate of the exhaust damper 220 is primarily controlled based on fire floor information, fire location information, fire intensity information, etc., and the exhaust damper ( 220) to remove the excessive negative pressure of the indoor 30, even if the exhaust intensity is changed, if the negative pressure of the indoor 30 still exceeds the preset range, the secondary of the exhaust blower 230 It is possible to perform sequential exhaust control to control the air volume.

In addition, in this regard, the negative pressure sensor 300 according to an embodiment of the present application operates to measure the pressure difference between the annex 2 and the indoor 30 at a preset period after the fire detection signal is generated, so that the control unit 500 ), after the control operation for removing the excessive negative pressure of the indoor 30 is performed, it is possible to continuously monitor whether the excessive negative pressure of the indoor 30 is properly relieved.

In addition, the control unit 500 controls at least one of the opening rate of the exhaust damper 220 and the air volume of the exhaust blower 230 in consideration of whether at least one of the first fire door d1 and the second fire door d2 is opened or closed. can do. In this regard, the negative pressure sensor 300 provided on each floor in the building is not only the negative pressure sensor 300 provided on the fire floor, but also the negative pressure sensor 300 of the entire floor. By sensing the difference, it is possible to determine whether at least one of the first fire door d1 and the second fire door d2 for each floor is opened or closed.

In other words, even if the fire door is opened on a floor other than the fire floor, the exhaust level in the fire floor through the exhaust unit (not shown) and the air supply level to the smoke control area of each floor through the air supply unit (not shown) may fluctuate, The control unit 500 may control the exhaust intensity of the fire floor by following the air flow change in the plurality of floors according to the opening and closing of the fire door.

Specifically, according to an embodiment of the present application, the control unit 500 controls the first fire door (d1) facing the pressure difference between the auxiliary room (2) and the indoor (30), which is the ventilation zone, or between the auxiliary room (2) and the indoor (30). ), when the first fire door (d1) is closed or the negative pressure control request signal is transmitted because the pressure difference between the annex 2 and the indoor 30 exceeds a preset range, the amount of exhaust from the fire floor Between the ancillary room 2 and the indoor 30 by controlling such that this is minimized (for example, the exhaust damper 220 is controlled to open or close at a minimum based on the minimum opening rate among the opening rate ranges set for the corresponding floor) It is possible to solve (prevent) the occurrence of excessive negative pressure in the indoor 30 by allowing only the amount of leakage (exhaust) due to the pressure difference of the .

In addition, on the contrary, when the first fire door d1 is open or the pressure difference between the auxiliary room 2 and the indoor 30 is an allowable level within a preset range, control to increase the exhaust amount (for example, the exhaust damper ( 220) to the maximum level) to secure the smoke-proof wind speed for the smooth evacuation of evacuees.

Hereinafter, an operation flow of the present application will be briefly reviewed based on the details described above.

7 is an operation flowchart of a control method of a ventilation system for preventing excessive negative pressure indoors according to an embodiment of the present application.

The control method of the ventilation system for preventing excessive negative pressure indoors shown in FIG. 7 may be performed by the ventilation system 10 described above. Therefore, even if omitted below, the description of the ventilation system 10 may be equally applied to the description of the control method of the ventilation system for preventing excessive negative pressure indoors.

Referring to FIG. 7 , in step S11 , the fire detector 100 may generate a fire detection signal by detecting whether a fire has occurred in the building.

Next, in step S12, the negative pressure sensor 300 determines whether the pressure difference between the auxiliary room 2, which is a ventilation area provided in the building, and the indoor 30 located adjacent to the auxiliary room 2 exceeds a preset range. can do.

If, as a result of the determination in step S12, it is determined that the pressure difference between the annex 2 and the indoor 30 exceeds a preset range, the negative pressure sensor 300 in step S13 may generate a negative pressure control request signal. . Also, in step S13 , the negative pressure sensor 300 may transmit the generated negative pressure control request signal to the controller 500 .

Conversely, if it is determined that the pressure difference between the auxiliary room 2 and the indoor 30 is an acceptable level within a preset range as a result of the determination in step S12, the negative pressure control request signal may not be generated, at this time the control unit 500 can control the exhaust unit (not shown) in consideration of the exhaust level in the corresponding floor that is preset in response to a case in which the corresponding floor is a fire floor or is derived based on the preset exhaust level for a floor different from the corresponding floor. .

In other words, when the negative pressure control request signal does not occur, the control unit 500 ensures a smooth smoke-proof wind speed by allowing the maximum level of exhaust allowed for the corresponding floor in consideration of the fire floor information, the fire location information, and the like. can do.

Next, in step S14, the control unit 500 controls the exhaust damper 220 for adjusting the exhaust amount of the exhaust wind speed 210 exhausting the air of the indoor 30 based on the fire detection signal and the negative pressure control request signal. can Specifically, in step S14 , the controller 500 may adjust the opening rate of the exhaust damper 220 .

Next, in step S15, the negative pressure detector 300 performs the control of the exhaust damper 220 of the controller 500 through step S14, and then again the pressure difference between the annex 2 and the indoor 30 is a preset range. It can be determined whether or not

If, as a result of the determination in step S15 , it is determined that the pressure difference between the auxiliary room 2 and the indoor 30 still exceeds the preset range, in step S16 the control unit 500 controls the output of the exhaust blower 230 to exhaust the air. The air volume of the blower 230 may be changed.

In the above description, steps S11 to S16 may be further divided into additional steps or combined into fewer steps, according to an embodiment of the present application. In addition, some steps may be omitted as necessary, and the order between steps may be changed.

The control method of the ventilation system for preventing excessive negative pressure indoors according to an embodiment of the present application may be implemented in the form of a program command that can be executed through various computer means and recorded in a computer-readable medium. The computer-readable medium may include program instructions, data files, data structures, etc. alone or in combination. The program instructions recorded on the medium may be specially designed and configured for the present invention, or may be known and available to those skilled in the art of computer software. Examples of the computer-readable recording medium include magnetic media such as hard disks, floppy disks and magnetic tapes, optical media such as CD-ROMs and DVDs, and magnetic such as floppy disks. - includes magneto-optical media, and hardware devices specially configured to store and carry out program instructions, such as ROM, RAM, flash memory, and the like. Examples of program instructions include not only machine language codes such as those generated by a compiler, but also high-level language codes that can be executed by a computer using an interpreter or the like. The hardware devices described above may be configured to operate as one or more software modules to perform the operations of the present invention, and vice versa.

In addition, the above-described control method of the ventilation system for preventing excessive negative pressure indoors may be implemented in the form of a computer program or application executed by a computer stored in a recording medium.

The foregoing description of the present application is for illustration, and those of ordinary skill in the art to which the present application pertains will understand that it can be easily modified into other specific forms without changing the technical spirit or essential features of the present application. Therefore, it should be understood that the embodiments described above are illustrative in all respects and not restrictive. For example, each component described as a single type may be implemented in a distributed manner, and likewise components described as distributed may be implemented in a combined form.

A computer program or application is a Windows (Microsoft Windows) operating system, an operating system based on a UNIX (UNIX) kernel (eg, mac OS, IOS, etc.), an operating system based on a Linux (LINUX) kernel (eg, RED hat, debian, Android, etc.), but is not limited thereto, and may be understood to be able to operate based on various operating systems.

The scope of the present application is indicated by the following claims rather than the above detailed description, and all changes or modifications derived from the meaning and scope of the claims and their equivalents should be construed as being included in the scope of the present application.

10: Ventilation system to prevent excessive negative pressure indoors
100: fire detector
210: exhaust airflow
220: exhaust damper
230: exhaust blower
300: negative pressure sensor
400: window
500: control
610: air supply wind
630: supply air blower
20: network
2: annex
30: indoor
3: hallway
4: living room

Claims (11)

A ventilation system for preventing excessive negative pressure indoors, comprising:
a fire detector for generating a fire detection signal by detecting whether a fire has occurred in a building and information about a fire floor;
an exhaust airflow branched for each floor of the building to exhaust indoor air located adjacent to an annex, which is a ventilation area provided in the building;
an exhaust damper installed with respect to the indoor space provided for each floor of the building to control an exhaust amount of the exhaust wind speed;
a negative pressure sensor for generating a negative pressure control request signal by determining whether a pressure difference between the auxiliary room and the indoor exceeds a preset range; and
a control unit controlling opening and closing of the exhaust damper based on the fire detection signal and the negative pressure control request signal;
including,
For each of the at least two or more floors in the building, the opening degree of the exhaust damper is preset to a different value according to the number of floors of each of the at least two or more floors in response to a case in which the corresponding floor is a fire floor,
The control unit is
If the fire layer corresponds to a floor to which the opening rate is not set in advance based on the fire floor information, the preset opening rate and the The smoke control system, which determines the opening rate for controlling the exhaust damper of the fire floor based on the preset opening rate for the floor relatively lower with respect to the fire floor. delete delete According to claim 1,
an exhaust blower installed with respect to the exhaust wind path to provide an exhaust force for exhausting the indoor air;
further comprising,
The control unit is
The ventilation system, which further controls the air volume of the exhaust blower based on the fire detection signal and the negative pressure control request signal. 5. The method of claim 4,
The air volume is, the ventilation system that is determined based on a preset value in response to a case in which the corresponding floor is a fire floor for each of at least two or more floors in the building. 6. The method of claim 5,
The control unit is
Controlling the output of the exhaust blower to control the air volume to correspond to the preset value, the ventilation system. 5. The method of claim 4,
The negative pressure sensor is
Through a first pressure guiding pipe provided to sense a first pressure difference between the annex and the hallway and a second pressure guiding pipe provided to sense a second pressure difference between the hallway and a living room positioned adjacent to the hallway and generating the negative pressure control request signal based on the obtained first pressure difference and the second pressure difference. 8. The method of claim 7,
A first fire door is installed between the annex and the hallway, and a second fire door is installed between the hallway and the living room,
The control unit is
The ventilation system according to claim 1, wherein at least one of an opening rate of the exhaust damper and an air volume of the exhaust blower is controlled in consideration of whether at least one of the first fire door and the second fire door is opened or closed. 8. The method of claim 7,
The indoor includes a hallway between the annex and the living room,
The corridor is an airtight structure, the ventilation system. According to claim 1,
The control unit is
The ventilation system, characterized in that it can be switched to a manual operation mode so that the opening rate of each of the exhaust dampers provided for each floor can be individually controlled. As a control method of a ventilation system for preventing excessive negative pressure indoors,
generating a fire detection signal by detecting whether a fire has occurred in the building and fire floor information;
generating a negative pressure control request signal by judging whether a pressure difference between an auxiliary room, which is a ventilation area provided in the building, and an indoor location adjacent to the auxiliary room exceeds a preset range; and
An exhaust damper installed for the indoor provided for each floor of the building in order to control the exhaust amount of the exhaust wind direction branched to each floor of the building to exhaust the indoor air based on the fire detection signal and the negative pressure control request signal control step,
including,
For each of the at least two or more floors in the building, the opening degree of the exhaust damper is preset to a different value according to the number of floors of each of the at least two or more floors in response to a case in which the corresponding floor is a fire floor,
The controlling step is
If the fire layer corresponds to a floor to which the opening rate is not set in advance based on the fire floor information, the preset opening rate and the A method for controlling ventilation, wherein an opening rate for controlling an exhaust damper of the fire layer is determined based on a preset opening rate for a floor that is relatively lower with respect to the fire floor.

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