KR102156665B1 - Manufacturing Method of Porous Ceramic Formed Materials - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a method for manufacturing porous formed ceramic materials, which comprises the following steps: inserting raw materials including blast furnace slag, waste glass powder, an organic material, and a binder resin to a mold, and mixing the raw materials to manufacture a composition; firstly heat-treating the composition at 100-200°C; and secondly heat-treating the composition at 1,100-1,200°C. In the composition manufacturing step, the raw materials inserted to the mold are pulverized and mixed by a pulverization unit having a plurality of hitting pins, and thus porous formed ceramic materials of high quality can be manufactured from recycled raw materials.

Description

Manufacturing Method of Porous Ceramic Formed Materials {Manufacturing Method of Porous Ceramic Formed Materials}

The present invention relates to a method of manufacturing a porous ceramic molded body, and more particularly, to a method of manufacturing a porous ceramic molded body that can be applied to a building wall material, a floor material, etc. by being molded into a tile, block, or board shape.

The porous ceramic molded body mainly forms a molded body in the form of tiles, blocks, bricks, and boards, and can be used for construction wall materials, flooring or tiles of aquaculture farms, outdoor decks, corridors, and road surfaces. Recently, a molded article is manufactured using recycled raw materials, but a molded article having lightweight, high water permeability, and water retention properties has been developed using the characteristic of porosity.

For example, in Korean Patent Publication No. 10-1533657, a ceramic panel is manufactured by sintering a raw material soil composition comprising 20 to 70 parts by weight of glass slag, 20 to 70 parts by weight of clay minerals, and 0.5 to 10 parts by weight of rice husk. , A ceramic panel having excellent properties such as water permeability and water retention is disclosed. In addition, Korean Patent Publication No. 10-1758308 discloses a porous ceramic molded body in which acetylene gas is generated by an exothermic reaction by mixing calcium carbide and water in pearlite pulverized particles, and using this to control moisture, solidify, and form pores. have.

The method of manufacturing such a porous ceramic molded body is characterized in forming a porous structure by mixing organic substances burned by heat treatment to remove the organic substances. However, in this case, there is a problem in that the porous structure is not uniformly formed throughout the molded body, leading to product defects or deteriorating physical properties, and thus a lot of time and cost are required to optimize the process for this.

Korean Patent Publication No. 10-1533657 Korean Registered Patent Publication No. 10-1758308

The present invention has been devised in view of the prior art as described above, and an object thereof is to provide a method of manufacturing a high-quality porous ceramic molded article using recycled raw materials.

In addition, it is an object of the present invention to provide a method for manufacturing a porous ceramic molded body in which a defect rate is reduced and quality uniformity is improved through homogeneous mixing of a composition as a raw material.

In addition, it is an object of the present invention to provide a method of manufacturing a porous ceramic molded body that can be applied to aquaculture farms, water tanks, etc. by including sericite, showing the effect of purifying water and improving poor quality.

A method for manufacturing a porous ceramic molded article of the present invention for achieving the above object, comprising: introducing and mixing raw materials including blast furnace slag, waste glass powder, organic material, and binder resin into a mold to prepare a composition, Including the step of primary heat treatment of the composition at 100 to 200 °C, and secondary heat treatment of the composition at 1,100 to 1,200 °C, wherein in the step of preparing the composition, the raw material in the mold is a plurality of hitting pins It is characterized in that it is pulverized and mixed by a crushing unit having

At this time, the composition may additionally include any one of sericite, zeolite, and bentonite, or a mixture thereof.

In addition, the organic material may be charcoal powder obtained by heat-treating rice hull, wheat bran, barley bran, sawdust, and wood powder in a vacuum or inert gas atmosphere.

According to the method for manufacturing a porous ceramic formed body according to the present invention, a high-quality porous ceramic formed body can be manufactured using recycled raw materials.

In addition, by generating pulverization and vibration in the mold, homogeneous mixing when forming the composition reduces the defect rate of the manufactured molded body and improves quality uniformity.

In addition, by including sericite in the molded body, it has the effect of purifying water and improving the quality of water, thus showing an effect that can be applied to aquaculture farms and water tanks.

1 is a block diagram of a step-by-step block for preparing the composition of the present invention,
2 is a front configuration diagram showing a crushing unit,
3 is an enlarged cross-sectional configuration diagram of a partial main part of FIG. 2;
Figure 4 is a three-dimensional and bottom configuration of the striking pin,
Figure 5 is a side view showing a pulverizing unit,
6 is an enlarged cross-sectional configuration diagram of a partial main part of FIG. 5;
7 and 8 are views for showing the operating state of the striking pin by the lifting drive.

Hereinafter, a method of aging meat according to the present invention will be described in detail.

A method for manufacturing a porous ceramic molded body according to the present invention, comprising: preparing a composition by introducing and mixing raw materials including blast furnace slag, waste glass powder, organic material, and a binder resin into a molding mold, and mixing the composition from 100 to Including the step of primary heat treatment at 200° C., and secondary heat treatment at 1,100 to 1,200° C., wherein the raw material in the molding mold 1 in the step of preparing the composition is a plurality of hitting pins 30 It characterized in that it is pulverized and mixed by a pulverizing unit (U) having a ).

The composition filled in the molding mold 1 is subjected to primary and secondary heat treatment in that state, and in this process, organic matter is decomposed and burned to be removed, thereby obtaining a porous ceramic molded body.

To this end, raw materials need to be homogeneously mixed in the step of preparing the composition. If the raw materials are not homogeneously mixed, the porous structure is formed unevenly during the production process of the molded body, and the durability is partially weakened or the density is too high, leading to product defects.

Therefore, in the present invention, the manufacturing process is optimized to enable homogeneous mixing of raw materials in the step of preparing the composition.

In general, in order to mix powdery raw materials, vibration is applied to the molding mold 1 to mix the raw materials and planarize the surface of the raw materials in the molding mold 1, but in the present invention, as shown in FIG. Likewise, a plurality of hitting pins 30 are installed on the upper part of the molding mold 1, and the hitting pins 30 are driven up and down to hit the raw material, thereby causing pulverization and vibration to be mixed while being mixed.

At this time, the striking pins 30 may be individually vertically driven. Through this, when one hitting pin 30 descends and hits it, the raw material of the hitting part is pulverized and at the same time, the mixing occurs while partially moving. In addition, when the other striking pin 30 is hit while descending downward, the raw material of the other striking part is pulverized and partially moved while mixing occurs. As the raw material filled in the molding mold 1 is pulverized through such random movement of the striking pin 30, partial mixing is caused to be mixed as a whole. In addition, since the random motion of the striking pin 30 generates vibration in the raw material filled in the molding mold 1, the same effect as vibrating the molding mold 1 in the prior art is generated.

Driving using such a plurality of hitting pins 30 achieves homogeneous mixing of raw materials, and the composition prepared through this achieves a state in which inorganic components and organic components are homogeneously mixed.

Looking in more detail for the crushing unit (U) for crushing and mixing raw materials by the above hitting pins 30,

2 to 8, the crushing unit (U) is

It is for pulverizing and mixing raw materials in the molding mold 1,

A base 10 on which the molding frame 1 is fixedly disposed on the upper part,

Two or more posts 20 erected on the base 10,

The lifting support 40 is coupled to each of the posts 20 so as to move up and down along each of the posts 20, the striking pins 30 are mounted on the lower surface, and spaced apart from the upper side of the molding frame 1 Wow,

An elevating drive unit 50 for raising and lowering the elevating support 40

Consists of

At this time, the base 10 is further formed with a support block 11 erected to support the front, rear, left and right outer walls of the molding frame 1 in order to limit the movement of the molding mold 1 seated on the upper surface thereof. . Although not shown, a separate locking means for limiting or releasing the upward movement of the molding frame 1 in which the front and rear movements are restricted by the support block 11 may be further provided.

And, as shown in Fig. 2, each of the posts 20 is made of a cylindrical column structure that is erected in four corner regions of the square base 10.

And, as shown in Figure 2, the lifting support 40 is inserted into each of the posts 20 is made of a rectangular plate-shaped structure that is vertically lifted along each of the posts 20.

And, as shown in Figure 2, the lifting drive unit 50 is a piston 51 connected to the central region of the upper surface of the lifting support 40, the piston 51 is built-in, and the piston ( It consists of a pneumatic cylinder body 52 for vertically moving 51, and a square tower support 53 fixedly mounted on the upper end of each post 20 and on which the pneumatic cylinder body 52 is installed. .

Eventually, when the elevating support 40 is lowered by the elevating driver 50, a plurality of hitting pins 30 mounted on the lower surface of the elevating support 40 descend together, and at this time, the molding frame ( 1) The raw material inside is blown and crushed. In particular, each of the striking pins 30 is pulverized and mixed by repeatedly striking the raw material while repeatedly lifting up and down by the elevating driver 50.

On the other hand, as in Figures 3 and 4, each of the striking pins 30

A housing 31 mounted on a lower surface of the lifting support 40 and having a hollow portion 311 opened downward therein,

A hitting head 32 which is inserted into the hollow part 311 of the housing 31 and the lower part is exposed downward,

A stopper 33 formed on the outer wall of the striking head 32,

A corresponding stopper 34 formed on the inner wall of the hollow part 311 of the housing 31 to limit the vertical movement range of the stopper 33,

The upper end is supported on the bottom of the hollow part 311 of the housing 31, and the lower end is supported on the upper end of the striking head 32 to exhibit elasticity toward the striking head 32

Consists of

In this case, the housing 31 may be fixedly mounted on the lower surface of the lifting support 40 by bolting or fixedly mounted by welding or the like.

And the hollow portion 311 of the housing 31 is made of a rectangular inner space structure, the striking head 32 is made of a column structure having a square cross section. In particular, the striking head 32 has a structure in which the cross section of the lower side area exposed to the outside is larger than the area disposed in the hollow part 311, which minimizes the space between the adjacent striking heads 32 and This is to reduce the gap between the liver.

And, as shown in Figure 3, the stopper 33 is slid up and down in the corresponding stopper 34, the sliding range is limited according to the vertical length of the corresponding stopper 34. Eventually, as the stopper 33 is caught and supported at the lower end of the corresponding stopper 34, the striking head 32 no longer moves downward, and the striking head 32 strikes the raw material. When it is pressed, the stopper 33 moves upward within the corresponding stopper 34, but moves only to the upper end of the corresponding stopper 34.

In addition, as in FIGS. 3 and 4, the elastic body 35 has a semicircular cross section and is connected to both ends of the elastic body 351 and the elastic body 351 supporting the upper end of the striking head 32 It consists of a pair of flanges 352 supported on the bottom of the hollow part 311 of the housing 31. At this time, each of the flanges 352 may be fixedly coupled to the bottom of the hollow portion 311 of the housing 31 by bolting or fixedly coupled by welding or the like.

Eventually, when the striking head 32 descends and strikes the raw material, the elastic body 35 is elastically pressed and the striking head 32 gradually rises, the striking head 32 due to the restoring force of the elastic body 35 ) Vibrates up and down, as well as the raw material, as well as the molding mold 1, so that mixing between the raw materials can be smoothly performed.

On the other hand, as shown in Figs. 3 and 6, each of the striking pins 30 is arranged in a grid form, and the striking head 32 of each striking pin 30 is horizontally and vertically adjacent to each other with the striking head 32 Having different heights, a plurality of striking protrusions 321 are formed on the lower surface of the striking head 32 of each striking pin 30.

The striking heads 32 of each striking pin 30 have the same height, and the striking heads 32 located at odd numbered from the first row to the last when viewed horizontally The striking heads 32 located at also have the same height, but the odd-numbered striking head 32 and the even-numbered striking head 32 have different heights.

In addition, the striking heads 32 located in the odd number from the first to the last in the second row have the same height, and the striking heads 32 located in the even number also have the same height, but the odd numbered striking head (32) has the same height as the even-numbered striking head 32 in the first row, and the even-numbered striking head 32 has the same height as the odd-numbered striking head 32 in the first row.

Lines 1 and 2 are repeated from line 3 to the last line.

In addition, the striking heads 32 of each striking pin 30 have the same height as the striking heads 32 located in the odd-numbered positions starting from the first in the first row and the last to the last when viewed vertically. In addition, the even-numbered striking heads 32 also have the same height, but the odd-numbered striking head 32 and the even-numbered striking head 32 have different heights.

In addition, the striking heads 32 located in the odd number from the first to the last in the second row have the same height, and the striking heads 32 located in the even number also have the same height, but the odd numbered striking head 32 has the same height as the even-numbered striking head 32 in the first row, and the even-numbered striking head 32 has the same height as the odd-numbered striking head 32 in the first row.

After that, rows 1 and 2 are repeated from row 3 to the last row.

As a result, as shown in FIG. 3, when viewed from the front, the height is alternately shown from left to right, and from left to right when viewed from the side as in FIG.

When the raw material is blown and crushed by the hitting heads 32 having this type of height, as shown in FIG. 7, when the raw material is hit by the hitting head 32 that is hit first, it is blown in all directions and is out of the original position. In this case, as in FIG. 8, as it is hit once again by the surrounding hitting head 32 to be hit afterwards, the crushing and mixing efficiency is much higher than that of the structure hitting simultaneously multiple times.

In addition, the plurality of striking protrusions 321 formed on the lower surface of the striking head 32 are formed of a pyramid-shaped protrusion erected upside down or a conical protrusion structure erected upside down. The striking protrusion 321 of this structure helps to pulverize the raw material more finely.

Therefore, each hitting pin 30 of the pulverizing unit U pulverizes and vibrates and mixes the raw materials in the molding mold 1 while repeatedly vertically lifting by the lifting drive unit 50.

In the present invention, the composition may include blast furnace slag, waste glass powder, organic material, and binder resin.

The blast furnace slag is a by-product generated when pig iron is produced in a blast furnace, and is a fine powder obtained by quenching the molten blast furnace slag with water and then pulverizing it. The blast furnace slag forms a ceramic structure through heat treatment, and may be used in a range of 0.1 to 70 parts by weight, and the amount may vary depending on the density of the manufactured ceramic molded body. However, if the amount of the blast furnace slag is too small, the durability of the molded article is lowered, so it is preferable to be contained within the above range.

In addition, the waste glass powder is obtained by pulverizing waste glass and is melted at a high temperature to increase the strength of the ceramic structure. The waste glass powder is preferably pulverized to a size of 0.1 to 5 mm, and may be contained in the range of 0.1 to 20 parts by weight. If the content of the waste glass powder is too large, the porous structure may be closed and the density may be increased to decrease the water permeability, and if the content of the waste glass powder is too small, sufficient strength of the ceramic structure may not be obtained, so it is preferably contained in the above range.

In addition, the organic material is contained so as to form a porous structure while being removed during the formation of the ceramic molded body by heat treatment, and natural materials such as rice hull, wheat bran, barley bran, sawdust, and wood powder may be pulverized and used. , Barley bran, sawdust, wood powder is preferably heat-treated in a vacuum or inert gas atmosphere to prepare and use charcoal powder. Since such charcoal powder is easily pyrolyzed at high temperature, it is easy to form a porous structure, and is preferably contained in a range of 1 to 30 parts by weight. If the content of the organic material is too high, the durability of the molded article is deteriorated, and even if it is too low, the porous structure cannot be properly formed, so it is preferable to be contained in the above range.

In addition, the binder resin is contained so as to improve dispersibility when mixing raw materials and maintain the structure until the heat treatment process, and a synthetic resin such as polyvinyl alcohol may be used, but a natural resin such as tapioca starch may be used. The binder resin is preferably contained in the range of 0.1 to 20 parts by weight, but if the content of the binder resin is too small, there is a concern that the defect rate may increase in the molding process, and if too much is contained, the molding mold 1 according to the present invention is Even if applied, the mixing homogeneity of the raw material may be deteriorated, so it is preferable to be contained within the above range.

In addition, any one of sericite, zeolite, bentonite, or a mixture thereof may be added to the composition as an additional component. This is a component added according to the use of the molded article, and if sericite, zeolite, bentonite, etc. are contained, the porous ceramic molded article can release mineral components in water and can increase the adsorption performance and porosity. It can be applied to tile for farming.

The sericite may be contained in the range of 0.1 to 40 parts by weight, and the content of other components may be adjusted within the aforementioned range according to the content of sericite. Since the sericite is a relatively expensive raw material, it can be properly mixed according to the purpose of the molded body.

In addition, bentonite and zeolite may be contained in the range of 0.1 to 10 parts by weight, through which sound absorption performance, deodorization performance, and adsorption performance may be imparted, and thus may be appropriately added within the above range according to the function of the molded body.

In addition, the composition may be prepared by additionally mixing a silicate in the range of 1 to 10 parts by weight in order to apply to the tile for aquaculture.

The process of heat treatment of the composition is a process performed to obtain a porous structure by removing organic components and to obtain the desired physical properties of the molded body. In the present invention, the first heat treatment at 100 to 200°C, the composition is 1,100 to 1,200°C The two-stage heat treatment process of the second heat treatment step is applied.

In the first heat treatment step, the curing of the organic components and the homogeneously mixed composition are stabilized, and all the organic components are removed through the second heat treatment step. In addition, when the temperature is increased from room temperature to 1,100 to 1,200°C at a time, carbonized components remain, resulting in a decrease in porosity and a decrease in water permeability and durability, so the heat treatment over the two steps is an essential process. I got it.

In addition, in the heat treatment step, the first heat treatment step is preferably performed for 1 to 5 hours, and the second heat treatment step is performed for 1 to 10 hours. In particular, the second heat treatment time may be adjusted according to the content of the organic component contained in the composition. In addition, it was found that the temperature rising temperature or the temperature dropping temperature during heat treatment did not significantly affect the physical properties of the molded article, and it was found that a molded article having a certain physical property could be manufactured by raising or lowering the temperature at a rate of 1 to 10°C/min.

In the present invention, the composition can be combined in various content ranges to produce a molded article, which is due to the homogeneous blending of the raw materials constituting the composition and optimizing the heat treatment conditions, even if the composition and the content of the composition are changed relatively widely. Since it is possible to manufacture a porous ceramic molded body with excellent physical properties, it is possible to manufacture a variety of products suitable for use.

In order to check the effect of the manufacturing process according to the present invention, a composition was prepared as shown in Table 1.

Composition 1 Composition 2 Composition 3 Composition 4 Blast Furnace Slag 60 2 20 3 Waste glass powder 0.3 1.3 20 3 Organic material One One 20 3 Binder resin 0.5 0.4 20 One Sericite 35 2.8 5 Bentonite 5 0.5 4 Zeolite 5

For the above composition, a porous ceramic molded article was manufactured under the process conditions shown in Table 2. In the mixing process for preparing the composition, a comparative test was conducted using the case where the molding mold 1 according to the present invention was applied as step 1, and the case where the prior art process of vibrating and mixing the molding mold 1 was applied as step 2 I did.

Composition Mixing process 1st heat treatment (℃) Holding time(h) Secondary heat treatment (℃) Holding time(h) Manufacturing Example 1 Composition 1 Process 1 120±2 2 1,150±2 8 Manufacturing Example 2 Composition 2 Process 1 120±2 2 1,150±2 8 Manufacturing Example 3 Composition 3 Process 1 180±2 2 1,150±2 8 Manufacturing Example 4 Composition 4 Process 1 130±2 2 1,150±2 8 Manufacturing Example 5 Composition 1 Process 2 120±2 2 1,150±2 8 Manufacturing Example 6 Composition 2 Process 2 120±2 2 1,150±2 8 Manufacturing Example 7 Composition 3 Process 2 180±2 2 1,150±2 8 Manufacturing Example 8 Composition 4 Process 2 130±2 2 1,150±2 8 Manufacturing Example 9 Composition 1 Process 1 120±2 3 950±2 2 Manufacturing Example 10 Composition 2 Process 1 80±2 2 1,150±2 12 Manufacturing Example 11 Composition 3 Process 1 180±2 2 980±2 12 Manufacturing Example 12 Composition 4 Process 1 130±2 2 980±2 8

The results of evaluating the physical properties of the specimens obtained by Preparation Examples 1 to 12 are shown in Table 3. In Table 3, density and compressive strength were measured according to KS M ISO 4898, thermal conductivity was measured according to KS L ISO 8301, permeability coefficient was measured according to KS F 4914, and water content was measured according to KS F 3103.

density
(㎏/㎥) Flexural strength
(N/㎠) Compressive strength
(N/㎠) Permeability coefficient
(Cm/sec) Moisture content
(g/cm3) Manufacturing Example 1 220 18 17 0.0164 0.48 Manufacturing Example 2 202 17 15 0.0154 0.42 Manufacturing Example 3 215 19 18 0.0128 0.45 Manufacturing Example 4 205 16 15 0.0166 0.47 Manufacturing Example 5 224 18 16 0.0098 0.32 Manufacturing Example 6 204 18 17 0.0102 0.28 Manufacturing Example 7 220 16 15 0.0085 0.26 Manufacturing Example 8 207 17 16 0.0092 0.34 Manufacturing Example 9 221 10 8 0.0112 0.32 Manufacturing Example 10 202 12 9 0.0103 0.30 Manufacturing Example 11 214 11 7 0.0098 0.29 Manufacturing Example 12 206 8 6 0.0085 0.21

Looking at the results of Table 3, in Preparation Examples 9 to 12 in which the heat treatment conditions were different, both the flexural strength and the compressive strength were low, indicating a result of deteriorating durability.

In addition, when comparing Preparation Examples 1 to 4 and Preparation Examples 5 to 8, when the composition is manufactured by applying the mixing method according to the present invention, durability compared to the case of manufacturing the composition by vibration of the conventional molding mold (1). It was found that both the water permeability and the water permeability were improved, which was thought to be because the composition prepared according to the present invention was homogeneously mixed. In addition, even when observing the cross-sections of the molded articles of Preparation Examples 1 to 4 and Preparation Examples 5 to 8, it was found that a uniform porous structure was formed in Preparation Examples 1 to 4, and the difference in physical properties as described above was explained from the cross-sectional observation result. It seems to be possible.

In addition, when comparing Preparation Examples 1 to 4, it was found that a molded article having excellent physical properties can be stably manufactured by applying the manufacturing method of the present invention in each of the preparation examples having a large difference in the ratio of the composition.

Although the present invention has been shown and described with reference to a preferred embodiment as described above, it is not limited to the above embodiment, and within the scope not departing from the spirit of the present invention, various It can be transformed and changed. Such modifications and variations should be viewed as falling within the scope of the present invention and the appended claims.

1: Molding mold
U: grinding unit
10: base
11: Support block
20: post
30: hitting pin
31: housing
311: hollow part
32: hitting head
321: Strike protrusion
33: stopper
34: corresponding stopper
35: elastic body
351: elastic body
352: flange
40: lifting support
50: elevating drive unit
51: piston
52: pneumatic cylinder body
53: tower support

Claims (3)

Injecting and mixing raw materials including blast furnace slag, waste glass powder, organic material, and binder resin into the molding mold 1 to prepare a composition;
Subjecting the composition to a first heat treatment at 100 to 200°C;
Secondary heat treatment of the composition at 1,100 to 1,200°C;
In the method for producing a porous ceramic molded body comprising a,
In the step of preparing the composition, the raw material in the molding mold 1 is pulverized and mixed by a crushing unit U having a plurality of hitting pins 30,
The crushing unit (U) includes a base 10 on which the molding frame 1 is fixedly disposed, two or more posts 20 erected on the base 10, and vertically along each of the posts 20 It is coupled to each of the posts 20 so as to be elevated, each hitting pin 30 is mounted on the lower surface, and the elevating support 40 and the elevating support 40 are spaced apart from the upper side of the molding frame 1 It is made of an elevating drive unit (50) that allows up and down elevation,
Each of the striking pins 30 is mounted on the lower surface of the lifting support 40 and has a hollow portion 311 open downward therein, and the housing 31 A hitting head 32 that is inserted into the hollow part 311 and the lower part is exposed downward, a stopper 33 formed on the outer wall of the hitting head 32, and the hollow part 311 inner wall of the housing 31 The corresponding stopper 34 is formed in to limit the vertical movement range of the stopper 33, and the elastic body 351 and the elastic body 351 having a semicircular cross section and supporting the upper end of the striking head 32 It is made of an elastic body 35 that is connected to both ends of the housing 31 and has a pair of flanges 352 supported on the bottom of the hollow portion 311 of the housing 31 and is elastically exerted toward the striking head 32,
Each of the striking pins 30 is arranged in a grid form, and the striking head 32 of each striking pin 30 has a height different from that of the striking head 32 horizontally and vertically adjacent, and each striking pin ( A method of manufacturing a porous ceramic molded body, characterized in that a plurality of hitting protrusions 321 are formed on the lower surface of the hitting head 32 of 30).
The method of claim 1,
The composition further comprises any one of sericite, zeolite, bentonite, or a mixture thereof.
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