KR102111323B1 - Heat pump system for vehicle - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a heat pump system for a vehicle, and more specifically, when a mode change signal is inputted between the air conditioner mode and the heat pump mode, by controlling the direction change of the direction change valve to be delayed for a predetermined time, and controlling the direction change to be performed. The present invention relates to a vehicle heat pump system capable of preventing noise and vibration caused by refrigerant pressure difference.

Description

Heat pump system for vehicles

The present invention relates to a heat pump system for a vehicle, and more specifically, when a mode change signal is inputted between the air conditioner mode and the heat pump mode, by controlling the direction change of the direction change valve to be delayed for a predetermined time, and controlling the direction change to be performed. The present invention relates to a vehicle heat pump system capable of preventing noise and vibration caused by refrigerant pressure difference.

The vehicle air conditioner usually includes a cooling system for cooling the interior of the vehicle and a heating system for heating the interior of the vehicle. The cooling system is configured to heat the air passing through the outside of the evaporator on the evaporator side of the refrigerant cycle with a refrigerant flowing inside the evaporator, thereby converting it into a cooler, and cooling the vehicle interior, wherein the heating system is a heater on the heater core side of the cooling water cycle The air passing through the outside of the core is exchanged with the coolant flowing inside the heater core to convert it into warm air, and is configured to heat the vehicle interior.

On the other hand, a heat pump system capable of selectively performing cooling and heating by converting the flow direction of the refrigerant by using one refrigerant cycle, which is different from the vehicle air conditioning apparatus, is applied, for example, two heat exchangers (In other words, an indoor heat exchanger for heat exchange with air installed inside the air-conditioning case and blown into the vehicle interior, and an outdoor heat exchanger for heat exchange outside the air-conditioning case), and a direction control valve capable of switching the flow direction of the refrigerant do. Therefore, when the cooling mode is operated according to the flow direction of the refrigerant by the direction control valve, the indoor heat exchanger serves as a cooling heat exchanger, and when the heating mode is activated, the indoor heat exchanger serves as a heating heat exchanger. Will do.

Various types of vehicle heat pump systems have been proposed, and a representative example is illustrated in FIG. 1.

The vehicle heat pump system illustrated in FIG. 1 includes a compressor 30 that compresses and discharges refrigerant, an indoor heat exchanger 32 that dissipates refrigerant discharged from the compressor 30, and is installed in a parallel structure. A first expansion valve (34) for expanding the refrigerant that has passed through the heat exchanger (32) and a first direction switching valve (optionally) for flowing the refrigerant that has passed through the indoor heat exchanger (32) to the first expansion valve (34) 36), an outdoor heat exchanger (48) for heat-exchanging the refrigerant selectively passing through the first expansion valve (34) outdoors, and an evaporator (60) for evaporating the refrigerant passing through the outdoor heat exchanger (48). , Accumulator (62) for separating the refrigerant passing through the evaporator (60) into gaseous and liquid refrigerants, and internal heat for exchanging the refrigerant supplied to the evaporator (60) and the refrigerant returning to the compressor (30). The exchanger 50 and the refrigerant supplied to the evaporator 60 are selectively A second expansion valve (56) to expand to, and a bypass line (59) connecting the outlet side of the outdoor heat exchanger (48) and the inlet side of the accumulator (62), and the bypass line (59) It comprises a second direction switching valve 58 installed at the branch point of.

In Fig. 1, reference numeral 10 denotes an air conditioning case in which the indoor heat exchanger 32 and an evaporator 60 are built, reference numeral 12 denotes a temperature control door to control the mixing amount of cold and warm air, and reference numeral 20 denotes an inlet of the air conditioning case A blower installed at, 37 denotes a bypass line for bypassing the first expansion valve 34, respectively.

According to the conventional vehicle heat pump system configured as described above, when the heat pump mode (heating mode) is activated, the first direction switching valve 36 changes the direction so that the refrigerant passes through the first expansion valve 34. Then, the second direction switching valve 58 changes the direction so that the refrigerant bypasses the second expansion valve 56. In addition, the temperature control door 12 operates as shown in FIG. 1. Therefore, the refrigerant discharged from the compressor 30 is an indoor heat exchanger 32, a first direction switching valve 36, a first expansion valve 34, an outdoor heat exchanger 48, and a high pressure part of the internal heat exchanger 50 ( 52), the second direction switching valve (58), the accumulator (62) and the low pressure part (54) of the internal heat exchanger (50) are sequentially returned to the compressor (30). That is, the indoor heat exchanger 32 serves as a heater, and the outdoor heat exchanger 48 serves as an evaporator.

When the air conditioner mode (cooling mode) is activated, the first direction switching valve 36 changes the direction so that the refrigerant bypasses the first expansion valve 34, and the second direction switching valve 58 is a refrigerant. The direction is changed to pass through the second expansion valve (56). In addition, the temperature control door 12 closes the passage of the indoor heat exchanger 32. Therefore, the refrigerant discharged from the compressor 30 is an indoor heat exchanger 32, a first direction switching valve 36, an outdoor heat exchanger 48, a high pressure part 52 of the internal heat exchanger 50, a second expansion valve ( 56), the evaporator 60, the accumulator 62, and the low pressure portion 54 of the internal heat exchanger 50, which in turn returns to the compressor 30. That is, the evaporator 60 serves as an evaporator, and the indoor heat exchanger 32 closed by the temperature control door 12 functions as a heater as in the heat pump mode.

However, the conventional vehicle heat pump system, there is a problem that noise and vibration occurs when a high pressure refrigerant is discharged at a low pressure due to the refrigerant pressure difference when the mode is changed between the heat pump mode and the air conditioner mode.

That is, in the air conditioner mode, the high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant flows to the first direction switching valve 36 and the bypass line 37 side and the second direction switching valve 58, and the first expansion valve 34 side and the bi The pass line 59 side is in a low pressure state. At this time, when changing to a heat pump mode, the first direction change valve 36 is a first expansion valve in which a high temperature and high pressure refrigerant passing through the indoor heat exchanger 32 is in a low pressure state. As the direction is changed to flow toward the (34) side, noise and vibration due to refrigerant differential pressure are generated, and the high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant passing through the outdoor heat exchanger (48) has a low pressure state. As the direction is changed to flow toward the in-bypass line 59, noise and vibration due to refrigerant differential pressure are generated.

And, in the heat pump mode, the high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant flows to the first direction switching valve 36, the low-temperature, low-pressure refrigerant flows to the second direction switching valve 58, and the bypass line 37 side and the second side. The expansion valve 56 side is in a low pressure state. At this time, when changing to an air conditioner mode, the first direction switching valve 36 is a high temperature and high pressure refrigerant that has passed through the indoor heat exchanger 32. By changing the direction to bypass and flow toward the bypass line 37 in a low pressure state, noise and vibration due to the refrigerant differential pressure are generated.

An object of the present invention for solving the above problems is to control the direction change of the direction change valve after delaying for a certain period of time when a mode change signal is input between the air conditioner mode and the heat pump mode, thereby controlling the direction of the refrigerant. It is to provide a heat pump system for a vehicle that can prevent noise and vibration.

The present invention for achieving the above object, a plurality of devices including a compressor, an indoor heat exchanger, a first valve, an outdoor heat exchanger, an evaporator, and a refrigerant circulating through the refrigerant circulation line in the refrigerant circulation line are the plurality of A bypass line and a second valve for bypassing a specific device among the devices are respectively installed, and when a mode change signal is inputted between the air conditioner mode and the heat pump mode, the flow direction of the refrigerant is switched through the direction change of the second valve. In the heat pump system for a vehicle including a control unit, the control unit is characterized in that when the mode change signal is input, the direction change of the second valve is delayed for a predetermined time and then controlled to perform the direction change.

According to the present invention, when a mode change signal is input between the air conditioner mode and the heat pump mode, the direction change of the direction change valve is delayed for a predetermined time and then controlled to perform the direction change, thereby preventing noise and vibration due to refrigerant differential pressure. .

1 is a block diagram showing a conventional vehicle heat pump system,
2 is a block diagram showing an air conditioner mode in a vehicle heat pump system according to the present invention;
3 is a block diagram showing a heat pump mode in the vehicle heat pump system according to the present invention,
4 is a block diagram showing a dehumidifying mode during the operation of the heat pump mode in the vehicle heat pump system according to the present invention,
5 is a cross-sectional view showing a state in which the on-off valve of the first valve is opened and closed in the heat pump system for a vehicle according to the present invention,
Figure 6 is a cross-sectional perspective view showing an expansion means in a vehicle heat pump system according to the present invention,
7 is a graph showing the delay time according to the outside temperature in the vehicle heat pump system according to the present invention.

Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

First, the vehicle heat pump system according to the present invention, the compressor 100 on the refrigerant circulation line (R), the indoor heat exchanger 110, the first valve 120, the outdoor heat exchanger 130, the evaporator 160 A plurality of devices including, and the refrigerant circulating the refrigerant circulation line (R) is provided with a bypass line (R1) and a second valve (191) for bypassing a specific device among the plurality of devices, respectively, It comprises a control unit (not shown) for switching the flow direction of the refrigerant through the direction change of the second valve 191 when the mode change signal input between the air-conditioner mode and the heat pump mode.

In addition, on the refrigerant circulation line (R), as well as the bypass line (R1) for bypassing the expansion means 140 and the evaporator 160, an auxiliary bypass for bypassing the outdoor heat exchanger (130) Line R2 is also installed.

At this time, the second valve 191 is installed at the branch point of the bypass line R1, and the third valve 192 is installed at the branch point of the auxiliary bypass line R2.

Therefore, in the air conditioner mode, the refrigerant discharged from the compressor 100 as shown in FIG. 2 is an indoor heat exchanger 110, a first valve 120, an outdoor heat exchanger 130, an expansion means 140, an evaporator ( 160), the compressor 100 is circulated sequentially, wherein the indoor heat exchanger 110 serves as a condenser, the evaporator 160 serves as an evaporator, and the first valve 120 The refrigerant is passed through the unexpanded state.

Meanwhile, the outdoor heat exchanger 130 serves as a condenser like the indoor heat exchanger 110.

In the heat pump mode, the refrigerant discharged from the compressor 100 as shown in FIG. 3 is an indoor heat exchanger 110, an orifice 128 of the first valve 120, an outdoor heat exchanger 130, and a bypass line ( R1), the compressor 100 is sequentially cycled, wherein the indoor heat exchanger 110 serves as a condenser, and the outdoor heat exchanger 130 serves as an evaporator, and the first valve 120 ) Expands the refrigerant, and the refrigerant is not supplied to the expansion means 140 and the evaporator 160.

On the other hand, when dehumidifying in the car in the heat pump mode, a portion of the refrigerant circulating in the refrigerant circulation line (R) is supplied to the evaporator 160 through the dehumidification line (R3), which will be described later, thereby performing dehumidification in the car.

Hereinafter, each component of the heat pump system will be described in detail.

First, the compressor 100 installed on the refrigerant circulation line R receives power from an engine (internal combustion engine) or a motor while driving, inhales and compresses the refrigerant, and then discharges it in a gas state of high temperature and high pressure.

The compressor 100 sucks and compresses the refrigerant discharged from the evaporator 160 side in the air conditioner mode and supplies it to the indoor heat exchanger 110 side. In the heat pump mode, the outdoor heat exchanger 130 side The refrigerant discharged and passed through the bypass line (R1) is sucked and compressed to be supplied to the indoor heat exchanger (110).

In addition, in the dehumidifying mode among the heat pump modes, since the refrigerant is simultaneously supplied to the evaporator 160 through the bypass line R1 and the dehumidifying line R3 described later, in this case, the compressor 100 is the bypass After passing through the pass line (R1) and the evaporator 160, the condensed refrigerant is sucked and compressed to be supplied to the indoor heat exchanger (110).

The indoor heat exchanger (110) is installed inside the air conditioning case (150) and is connected to the refrigerant circulation line (R) at the outlet side of the compressor (100), with air flowing in the air conditioning case (150). The refrigerant discharged from the compressor 100 is exchanged.

In addition, the evaporator 160 is installed inside the air conditioning case 150 and connected to the refrigerant circulation line R at the inlet side of the compressor 100, and air flowing in the air conditioning case 150. The refrigerant flowing through the compressor 100 is exchanged.

The indoor heat exchanger 110, both in the air conditioner mode and the heat pump mode, serves as a condenser,

The evaporator 160 acts as an evaporator in the air conditioner mode, and is not operated because the refrigerant is not supplied in the heat pump mode, and of course, in the dehumidifying mode, the refrigerant is partially supplied to serve as an evaporator.

In addition, the indoor heat exchanger 110 and the evaporator 160 are installed spaced apart from each other within the air conditioning case 150, and the evaporator 160 from the upstream side of the air flow direction in the air conditioning case 150 ) And the indoor heat exchanger 110 are sequentially installed.

Therefore, in the air conditioner mode in which the evaporator 160 functions as an evaporator, as shown in FIG. 2, a low-temperature, low-pressure refrigerant discharged from the expansion means 140 is supplied to the evaporator 160, and a blower (not shown) ), The air flowing inside the air conditioning case 150 passes through the evaporator 160, exchanges heat with a low-temperature, low-pressure refrigerant inside the evaporator 160, converts it into cold air, and then discharges it into the vehicle interior to be discharged into the vehicle interior. Will be cooled.

In the heat pump mode in which the indoor heat exchanger 110 functions as a condenser, as shown in FIG. 3, high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant discharged from the compressor 100 is supplied to the indoor heat exchanger 110, and at this time, a blower ( After the air flowing inside the air conditioning case 150 through the indoor heat exchanger 110 passes heat exchange with the high temperature and high pressure refrigerant inside the indoor heat exchanger 110 and changes to warm air, the vehicle It is discharged into the room to heat the interior of the vehicle.

In addition, between the evaporator 160 and the indoor heat exchanger 110 in the air conditioning case 150, the amount of air bypassing the indoor heat exchanger 110 and the amount of air passing therethrough are controlled. Temperature control door 151 is installed.

The temperature control door 151 controls the amount of air bypassing the indoor heat exchanger 110 and the amount of air passing through the indoor heat exchanger 110 to control the amount of air discharged from the air conditioning case 150 Can be adjusted appropriately,

At this time, when the air conditioner mode completely closes the front side passage of the indoor heat exchanger 110 through the temperature control door 151 as shown in FIG. 2, cold air passing through the evaporator 160 causes the indoor heat exchanger 110. When it is supplied to the vehicle interior by bypassing, maximum cooling is performed, and in the heat pump mode, when the passage for bypassing the indoor heat exchanger 110 is completely closed through the temperature control door 151 as shown in FIG. , As all air passes through the indoor heat exchanger 110 serving as a condenser, it is converted into warm air, and since this warm air is supplied into the vehicle cabin, maximum heating is performed.

In addition, the outdoor heat exchanger 130 is installed outside the air conditioning case 150 and is connected to the refrigerant circulation line R to exchange heat between the refrigerant circulating the refrigerant circulation line R and the outside air. do.

Here, the outdoor heat exchanger 130 is installed on the front side of the vehicle engine room to exchange heat with the refrigerant flowing inside the outside air.

The outdoor heat exchanger 130 serves as the same condenser as the indoor heat exchanger 110 in the air conditioner mode, where the high temperature refrigerant flowing inside the outdoor heat exchanger 130 exchanges heat with the outside air and condenses. . In the heat pump mode, it acts as an evaporator opposite to the indoor heat exchanger 110. At this time, the low temperature refrigerant flowing inside the outdoor heat exchanger 130 exchanges heat with the outside air to evaporate.

And, the first valve 120 is installed on the refrigerant circulation line (R) between the indoor heat exchanger 110 and the outdoor heat exchanger 130, and an on-off valve 125 for turning on and off the refrigerant flow, It is integrally provided with the on-off valve 125 and consists of an orifice 128 for expanding the refrigerant. In the air conditioner mode, the on-off valve 125 is opened to flow the refrigerant in an unexpanded state, and in the heat pump mode. The on-off valve 125 is closed to expand and flow the refrigerant through the orifice 128.

In other words, the first valve 120 is a two-way (2-Way) on-off valve 125 and an orifice 128 serving as a throttle (expansion).

5 is a view showing the opening and closing operation state of the first valve 120, a flow path 126 through which the refrigerant flows is formed inside the on-off valve 125, the valve member to open and close the flow path 126 (127) is installed.

At this time, an orifice 128 for expanding the refrigerant is formed in the valve member 127.

In addition, a solenoid 129 for opening and closing the valve member 127 is installed on one side of the on-off valve 125.

The solenoid 129 linearly reciprocates the valve member 127 to open or close the refrigerant passage 126.

Therefore, when the valve member 127 of the first valve 120 opens the flow path 126, the refrigerant passing through the first valve 120 is passed through without expansion, and the first valve 120 When the valve member 127 closes the flow path 126, the refrigerant passing through the first valve 120 is expanded and passed through the orifice 128 of the valve member 127.

On the other hand, although not shown in the drawing, a motor may be installed in place of the solenoid 129 to operate the valve member 127 of the on-off valve 125.

That is, the motor is installed on one side of the on-off valve 125 to rotate the valve member 127.

In the case of the solenoid 129, the valve member 127 is linearly reciprocated to open and close the refrigerant passage 126, but in the case of the motor, the valve member 127 is rotated to open and close the refrigerant passage 126. .

And, the bypass line (R1) is installed to connect the refrigerant circulation line (R) at the outlet side of the outdoor heat exchanger (130) and the refrigerant circulation line (R) at the inlet side of the compressor (100). The refrigerant circulating in the line R selectively bypasses the expansion means 140 and the evaporator 160.

As shown in the figure, the bypass line (R1) is arranged in parallel with the expansion means 140 and the evaporator 160, that is, the inlet side of the bypass line (R1) and the outdoor heat exchanger (130) Connected to the refrigerant circulation line (R) connecting the expansion means 140, the outlet side is connected to the refrigerant circulation line (R) connecting the evaporator 160 and the compressor 100.

Due to this, in the air conditioner mode, the refrigerant that has passed through the outdoor heat exchanger 130 flows toward the expansion means 140 and the evaporator 160, but in the heat pump mode, it passes through the outdoor heat exchanger 130. The refrigerant flows directly to the compressor 100 through the bypass line R1, thereby bypassing the expansion means 140 and the evaporator 160.

Here, the role of switching the flow direction of the refrigerant according to the air conditioning mode and the heat pump mode is performed through the second valve 191.

The second valve 191 is installed at the branch point of the bypass line (R1) and the refrigerant circulation line (R), the refrigerant has passed through the outdoor heat exchanger 130 according to the air conditioning mode or heat pump mode The refrigerant flow direction is switched to flow toward the bypass line R1 or the expansion means 140.

At this time, the second valve 191 is discharged from the compressor 100 in the air conditioner mode, the refrigerant passing through the indoor heat exchanger 110, the first valve 120, and the outdoor heat exchanger 130 is the expansion means ( 140) and the direction to flow toward the evaporator 160, and discharged from the compressor 100 in the heat pump mode, the indoor heat exchanger 110, the orifice 128 of the first valve 120, the outdoor heat exchanger The direction of the refrigerant passing through the 130 flows into the bypass line R1.

On the other hand, the second valve 191 is installed at the inlet side branch point of the bypass line (R1), it is preferable to use a three-way valve.

It is preferable that the third valve 192 as well as the second valve 191 use a 3-way valve.

Then, on the bypass line R1, a heat supply means 180 is installed to supply heat to the refrigerant flowing along the bypass line R1.

The heat supply means 180, a refrigerant heat exchange unit (181a) through which the refrigerant flowing through the bypass line (R1) flows so as to supply the waste heat of the vehicle electrical appliance (200) to the refrigerant flowing through the bypass line (R1) And, it is provided to enable heat exchange on one side of the refrigerant heat exchange unit 181a is made by installing a water-cooled heat exchanger 181 consisting of a cooling water heat exchange unit 181b through which cooling water circulating through the vehicle electronics 200 flows.

Therefore, it is possible to improve the heating performance by recovering the heat source from the waste heat of the vehicle electrical appliance 200 in the heat pump mode.

On the other hand, the vehicle electronics 200 is typically a motor, an inverter, and the like.

Then, an accumulator 170 is installed on the refrigerant circulation line R at the inlet side of the compressor 100.

The accumulator 170 separates the liquid refrigerant and the gaseous refrigerant from the refrigerants supplied to the compressor 100 so that only the gaseous refrigerant can be supplied to the compressor 100.

In addition, an electric heating heater 115 is further installed to improve heating performance on the downstream side of the indoor heat exchanger 110 inside the air conditioning case 150.

That is, the heating performance can be improved by operating the electric heating heater 115 as an auxiliary heat source at the initial start of the vehicle, and the electric heating heater 115 can be operated even when the heating heat source is insufficient.

It is preferable to use a PTC heater as the electric heating heater 115.

In addition, an auxiliary bypass line R2 is installed in parallel in the refrigerant circulation line R so that the refrigerant passing through the first valve 120 bypasses the outdoor heat exchanger 130.

The auxiliary bypass line (R2) is installed to connect the refrigerant circulation line (R) at the inlet side of the outdoor heat exchanger (130) and the refrigerant circulation line (R) at the outlet side, refrigerant circulating through the refrigerant circulation line (R) Will bypass the outdoor heat exchanger (130).

In addition, a third valve 192 is installed to switch the flow direction of the refrigerant so that the refrigerant circulating in the refrigerant circulation line R selectively flows to the auxiliary bypass line R2.

The third valve 192 is installed at the branch point of the auxiliary bypass line (R2) and the refrigerant circulation line (R), the refrigerant flows to the outdoor heat exchanger (130) or auxiliary bypass line (R2) So that the flow direction of the refrigerant is switched.

At this time, the third valve 192, when the outdoor heat exchanger 130, or when the outdoor temperature is less than 0 ℃, the outdoor heat exchanger 130 does not smoothly absorb heat from the outside air, so the refrigerant circulation line The refrigerant circulating in (R) bypasses the outdoor heat exchanger 130.

Meanwhile, the refrigerant passes through the outdoor heat exchanger 130 and the heat exchange efficiency is good only when the heat exchange efficiency between the outdoor air and the refrigerant flowing through the outdoor heat exchanger 130 is good without necessarily referring to the outdoor temperature of 0 ° C. If not, it is possible to bypass the outdoor heat exchanger 130 to improve the heating performance and efficiency of the system.

In addition, when an idea occurs in the outdoor heat exchanger 130, when the refrigerant flows into the auxiliary bypass line R2 and bypasses the outdoor heat exchanger 130, the idea can be delayed or the idea can be resolved.

And, on the refrigerant circulation line (R), a dehumidification line (R3) for supplying a portion of the refrigerant circulating the refrigerant circulation line (R) to the evaporator 160 side to perform dehumidification in the vehicle in the heat pump mode Is installed.

At this time, in order to dehumidify the interior of the vehicle, since the low-temperature refrigerant must be supplied to the evaporator 160, the dehumidifying line R3 is connected to a section in which the low-temperature refrigerant circulates in the refrigerant circulation line R.

In more detail, the dehumidifying line R3 is installed to supply a portion of the low-temperature refrigerant that has passed through the orifice 128 of the first valve 120 to the evaporator 160 side.

That is, the dehumidification line R3 is installed to connect the refrigerant circulation line R at the outlet side of the first valve 120 and the refrigerant circulation line R at the inlet side of the evaporator 160.

In the drawing, the inlet of the dehumidifying line (R3) is connected to the refrigerant circulation line (R) between the first valve (120) and the outdoor heat exchanger (130), passing through the first valve (120). Thereafter, a portion of the refrigerant before flowing into the outdoor heat exchanger 130 flows to the dehumidifying line R3 and is supplied to the evaporator 160 side.

In addition, on the dehumidifying line (R3), the on / off of the dehumidifying line (R3) so that a part of the refrigerant that has passed through the first valve (120) flows to the dehumidifying line (R3) only in the vehicle dehumidifying mode The off valve 195 is installed.

The on-off valve 195 opens the dehumidifying line R3 only in the dehumidifying mode and closes the dehumidifying line R3 when it is not in the dehumidifying mode.

Therefore, when the on-off valve 195 is opened in the dehumidification mode, a part of the refrigerant that has passed through the orifice 128 of the first valve 120 flows to the evaporator 160 through the dehumidification line R3, This makes it possible to smoothly perform dehumidification in the car.

In addition, although the outlet of the dehumidifying line R3 is connected to the expansion means 140, the refrigerant that has passed through the dehumidifying line R3 does not expand in the expansion means 140 and the evaporator 160 It will flow into.

That is, the expansion means 140, an expansion valve (144) for expanding the refrigerant as shown in FIG. 6 and a bypass valve (147) formed by the refrigerant to bypass the expansion channel (144) ( 140a).

At this time, the outlet of the dehumidification line (R3) is connected to the bypass flow path (147) of the expansion valve (140a), the refrigerant passing through the dehumidification line (R3) is an expansion flow path through the bypass flow path (147) Bypass 144 is supplied to the evaporator 160.

When the expansion means 140 is briefly described with reference to FIG. 6, the expansion passage 144 is provided between the inlet and outlet 142a and 142b to expand the refrigerant supplied to the evaporator 160. A main body 141 having a first flow path 142 and a second flow path 143 through which the refrigerant discharged from the evaporator 160 flows, and the main body 141 are installed to control the opening degree of the expansion flow path 144 By doing so, the valve body 145 that controls the flow rate of the refrigerant passing through the expansion flow path 144, and an evaporator installed in the main body 141 to move up and down and flow the second flow path 143 ( It consists of a rod 146 to elevate the valve body 145 according to the temperature change of the refrigerant on the outlet side of 160).

In addition, a diaphragm (not shown) that is displaced according to a temperature change of the refrigerant flowing in the second flow path 143 is installed at an upper end of the main body 141. Accordingly, the valve body 145 is operated while the rod 146 moves up and down according to the displacement of the diaphragm.

In addition, the bypass flow path 147 is formed in the main body 141, and is formed to communicate with the outlet 142b of the first flow path 142, which is a downstream side of the expansion flow path 144 in the refrigerant flow direction. do.

Therefore, the refrigerant that has passed through the dehumidifying line R3 is bypassed through the bypass channel 147 and bypasses the expansion channel 144 of the expansion means 140, and is immediately supplied to the evaporator 160.

On the other hand, the dehumidifying line (R3) can be easily assembled by inserting the outlet of the dehumidifying line (R3) into the bypass channel (147) of the expansion means (140), and the connection structure is also simple. Weight can be reduced.

In addition, a double tube heat exchanger 210 is installed to exchange heat between the refrigerant discharged from the outdoor heat exchanger 130 and before flowing into the expansion means 140 and the refrigerant discharged from the evaporator 160.

In the drawings, the double pipe heat exchanger 210 is schematically illustrated, and briefly, the double pipe heat exchanger 210 has a double pipe structure with an inner pipe and an outer pipe.

At this time, the inner tube is connected to the refrigerant circulation line (R) on the inlet side of the expansion means 140, and the outer tube is connected to the refrigerant circulation line (R) on the outlet side of the evaporator (160). Of course, it can also be reversed.

Therefore, the high-temperature refrigerant discharged from the outdoor heat exchanger 130 and the low-temperature refrigerant discharged from the evaporator 160 exchange heat with each other, thereby lowering the temperature of the refrigerant flowing into the expansion means 140 to improve cooling performance. In addition, the liquid refrigerant contained in the refrigerant discharged from the evaporator 160 may be evaporated to prevent the liquid refrigerant from flowing into the compressor 100.

In addition, in the present invention, when a mode is changed between the air conditioner mode and the heat pump mode, a control unit (not shown) is provided to switch the flow direction of the refrigerant through the direction change of the second valve 191.

That is, when a mode change signal is input by automatic control or manual control of an occupant, the control unit may switch the direction of the second valve 191 to change between the air conditioner mode and the heat pump mode.

At this time, when the mode change signal is inputted between the air conditioner mode and the heat pump mode, the controller delays the direction change of the second valve 191 for a predetermined time and then controls to perform the direction change.

That is, when the mode is changed between the air conditioner mode and the heat pump mode, it is controlled to perform the direction change after delaying for a certain period of time rather than performing the direction change of the second valve 191 immediately.

The reason for delaying the direction change of the second valve 191 for a predetermined time when a mode change signal is input between the air conditioner mode and the heat pump mode is that the pressure of the refrigerant circulating in the refrigerant circulation line R is lower than a predetermined pressure. To reduce the pressure, at this time, when the pressure of the refrigerant is reduced, pressure parallel between the high pressure side and the low pressure side is achieved in the refrigerant circulation line (R).

As described above, when a mode change signal is inputted between the air conditioner mode and the heat pump mode, the direction change of the second valve 191 is delayed for a predetermined time to reduce the pressure of the refrigerant circulating in the refrigerant circulation line R to a predetermined pressure or less. By controlling to perform the direction change of the second valve 191 after making it, it is possible to prevent noise and vibration due to the refrigerant pressure difference.

In addition, the control unit, when inputting a mode change signal between the air conditioner mode and the heat pump mode, not only delays the direction change of the second valve 191, but also an on-off valve that is a configuration of the first valve 120 The opening / closing operation of (125) is also controlled to perform the opening / closing operation after a certain time delay.

That is, when a mode change signal is input between the air conditioner mode and the heat pump mode, the direction change of the second valve 191 and the opening / closing operation of the on / off valve 125 are performed. In order to prevent this, both the direction change of the second valve 191 and the opening / closing operation of the on / off valve 125 are delayed for a predetermined time.

In addition, when the mode change signal is input between the air conditioner mode and the heat pump mode, the control unit first turns off the compressor 100 and then changes the direction of the second valve 191 and the on-off valve. The opening and closing operation of the 125 is delayed for a certain time.

That is, the second valve 191 and the on-off valve (after turning off the compressor 100 first) rather than delaying only a certain period of time by switching the direction of the second valve (191) and opening and closing the on-off valve (125) It is necessary to delay 125) so that the pressure of the refrigerant circulating in the refrigerant circulation line R can be reduced to a predetermined pressure or less.

At this time, after the pressure of the refrigerant is reduced to 10kgf / cm ² or less, it is preferable to perform the direction change of the second valve 191 and the opening / closing operation of the on / off valve 125.

When the mode change signal is input between the air conditioner mode and the heat pump mode in the above, it is preferable that the change signal is input from the heat pump mode to the air conditioner mode.

On the other hand, a cooling water line (unsigned) is connected to supply the full length waste heat to the heat supply means 180, and a cooling water conversion valve (not shown) is installed in the cooling water line, and the control unit first turns off the compressor 100. When the cooling water switching valve is also turned off.

In addition, as shown in FIG. 7, the delay time during the direction change of the second valve 191 and the opening / closing operation of the on / off valve 125 increases or decreases in proportion to the outside temperature.

Referring to FIG. 7, it can be seen that the delay time decreases as the outdoor temperature decreases, and the delay time increases as the outdoor temperature increases. That is, the lower the outside temperature, the faster the pressure balance between the high pressure side and the low pressure side of the refrigerant circulation line (R) is achieved.

The delay time according to the outside temperature of FIG. 7 is preferably applied when changing from a heat pump mode to an air conditioner mode.

On the other hand, when the valve member 127 of the on-off valve 125 is opened and closed by a motor, the control unit opens and closes the valve member 127 when a mode change signal is input between the air conditioner mode and the heat pump mode. The rotational operation speed of the valve member 127 is reduced and controlled so as to delay the operation for a predetermined time.

In addition, the control unit sequentially performs a direction change of the second valve 191 and an opening / closing operation of the on / off valve 125 with a time difference from each other.

In other words, when the mode change signal is input between the air conditioner mode and the heat pump mode, preferably, when the change signal is input from the air conditioner mode to the heat pump mode, the controller first turns off the compressor 100-> 10 seconds. After the delay, the direction of the second valve 191 is changed-> after 1 second, the on / off valve 125 is opened and closed-> after 1 second, the compressor 100 is turned on.

That is, in the air conditioner mode, since the refrigerant does not flow to the bypass line (R1) side, the bypass line (R1) is in a low pressure state, and thus, when the change signal is input to the heat pump mode, the second valve 191 is immediately redirected. That is, when the flow direction of the refrigerant toward the expansion means 140 is immediately switched to the bypass line R1 side, high-pressure refrigerant flows to the low-pressure side while noise and vibration due to refrigerant differential pressure and water-cooled heat exchanger for low pressure 181 ) To prevent the durability problem.

In addition, in the refrigerant circulation line (R), the refrigerant pressure of the second valve 191 side and the first valve 120 side is different. At this time, when the direction of the second valve 191 is switched, the pressure difference is the on-off valve. When the opening / closing operation of 125 is relatively smaller than the pressure difference, when a change signal is input from the air conditioner mode to the heat pump mode, the compressor 100 is turned off and after a certain time (10 seconds) delay, the second valve 191 The direction change is performed first, and then the opening and closing operation of the on-off valve 125 is performed after 1 second.

That is, in the refrigerant circulation line (R), the delay time is longer for the on-off valve 125 located on the side where the pressure difference is relatively greater among the second valve 191 and the on-off valve 125.

In addition, when a change signal is input from the air conditioner mode to the heat pump mode, the time difference between the direction change of the second valve 191 and the opening / closing operation of the on / off valve 125 is delayed after a certain time (10 seconds) regardless of the outside temperature. Will be performed sequentially.

Meanwhile, the control unit controls the compressor 100 again after performing the switching of the direction of the second valve 191 and opening and closing of the on-off valve 125.

Then, during operation in the air conditioner mode, when a key is turned off or the heat pump system is turned off immediately after the vehicle is turned off, a change signal is input to the heat pump mode (including automatic change and manual change), The controller calculates the delay time (10 seconds) from the time when the key off or heat pump system of the vehicle is turned off.

That is, since the compressor 100 is also turned off when the key off or heat pump system of the vehicle is off, the delay time is calculated from this point. In this case, calculating the delay time means counting the start of the delay time.

And, while operating in the heat pump mode, when the key off of the vehicle (key off) or the heat pump system is off (off) and immediately on again (on) when the input signal to change to the air conditioning mode, the control unit, the key of the vehicle The delay time is calculated from the time when the off or heat pump system is turned off.

On the other hand, if the vehicle is in the heat pump mode while operating in the heat pump key off (Key off) or the heat pump system is off (off) immediately after (on), but in a heat pump mode condition other than the air conditioner mode, in this case, the agent 2 When the valve (191) is restarted (the key on the vehicle or the heat pump system is turned on) before the direction is changed, it is operated in the existing mode.

Hereinafter, the operation of the vehicle heat pump system according to the present invention will be described.

end. Air conditioning mode (cooling mode) (Fig. 2)

In the air conditioner mode (cooling mode), as shown in FIG. 2, the auxiliary bypass line R2 is closed through the third valve 192 and the bypass line R1 through the second valve 191. Also, the first valve 120 opens the on-off valve 125.

In addition, cooling water circulating through the electrical equipment 200 is not supplied to the water-cooled heat exchanger 181 of the heat supply means 180.

On the other hand, during maximum cooling, the temperature control door 151 in the air conditioning case 150 operates to close the passage through the indoor heat exchanger 110, so that the air blown into the air conditioning case 150 by the blower is After being cooled while passing through the evaporator 160, the indoor heat exchanger 110 is bypassed and supplied into the vehicle compartment, thereby cooling the vehicle interior.

Continuing, explaining the refrigerant circulation process,

The high temperature and high pressure gaseous refrigerant discharged after being compressed by the compressor 100 is supplied to the indoor heat exchanger 110 installed inside the air conditioning case 150.

As the refrigerant supplied to the indoor heat exchanger 110, the temperature control door 151 closes the passage on the indoor heat exchanger 110 side as shown in FIG. 2, so the first valve 120 is immediately exchanged without exchanging heat with air. It passes and flows to the outdoor heat exchanger (130).

The refrigerant flowing into the outdoor heat exchanger 130 is condensed while exchanging heat with the outside air, thereby changing the gaseous refrigerant into a liquid refrigerant.

On the other hand, both the indoor heat exchanger 110 and the outdoor heat exchanger 130 function as a condenser, but mainly the refrigerant is condensed in the outdoor heat exchanger 130 exchanging heat with the outside air.

Subsequently, the refrigerant that has passed through the outdoor heat exchanger 130 expands under reduced pressure in the process of passing through the expansion means 140 to become a low-temperature, low-pressure liquid refrigerant, and then flows into the evaporator 160.

The refrigerant introduced into the evaporator 160 exchanges heat with air blown into the air conditioning case 150 through a blower to evaporate, and at the same time, cools the air by absorbing heat due to latent heat of evaporation of the refrigerant. It is supplied to the vehicle interior and cooled.

Thereafter, the refrigerant discharged from the evaporator 160 recirculates the cycle as described above while flowing into the compressor 100.

I. Heat pump mode (Figure 3)

In the heat pump mode, as shown in FIG. 3, the auxiliary bypass line R2 is closed through the third valve 192, and the bypass line R1 is opened through the second valve 191, Refrigerant is not supplied to the expansion means 140 and the evaporator 160 side.

In addition, as the on-off valve 125 of the first valve 120 is closed, the refrigerant expansion function through the orifice 128 is performed.

Meanwhile, the cooling water heated by the vehicle electrical appliance 200 is supplied to the cooling water heat exchange unit 181b of the water cooling type heat exchanger 181 as the heat supply means 180.

And, in the heat pump mode, the temperature control door 151 in the air conditioning case 150 operates to close the passage bypassing the indoor heat exchanger 110, and the air blown into the air conditioning case 150 by the blower After passing through the evaporator 160 (stop operation), it is converted into warm air while passing through the indoor heat exchanger 110 and supplied into the vehicle cabin, thereby heating the vehicle interior.

Continuing, explaining the refrigerant circulation process,

The high temperature and high pressure gaseous refrigerant discharged after being compressed by the compressor 100 flows into the indoor heat exchanger 110 installed inside the air conditioning case 150.

The high-temperature and high-pressure gaseous refrigerant flowing into the indoor heat exchanger 110 condenses while exchanging heat with air blown into the air-conditioning case 150 through a blower, and the air passing through the indoor heat exchanger 110 is condensed. After changing to warm air, it is supplied to the vehicle interior to heat the interior of the vehicle.

Subsequently, the refrigerant discharged from the indoor heat exchanger (110) expands under reduced pressure in the process of passing through the orifice (128) of the first valve (120), becomes a low-temperature low-pressure liquid refrigerant, and then acts as an evaporator. It is supplied to the group 130.

The refrigerant supplied to the outdoor heat exchanger 130 passes through the bypass line R1 by the second valve 191 after evaporating while exchanging heat with the outside air. At this time, the refrigerant passes through the bypass line R1. The refrigerant to be exchanged with the cooling water passing through the cooling water heat exchanger 181b in the process of passing through the refrigerant heat exchanger 181a of the water-cooled heat exchanger 181 to recover the waste heat of the vehicle electrical appliance 200, and then the compressor As it flows into (100), the cycle as described above is recycled.

All. Dehumidification mode among heat pump modes (Fig. 4)

The dehumidification mode of the heat pump mode is a heat pump mode of FIG. 3 and is operated when dehumidification is required in the vehicle during operation.

Therefore, only a portion different from the heat pump mode of FIG. 3 will be described.

In the dehumidifying mode, the dehumidifying line R3 is additionally opened through the on / off valve 195 in the heat pump mode.

And, in the dehumidifying mode, the temperature control door 151 in the air conditioning case 150 operates to close the passage bypassing the indoor heat exchanger 110, so that the air blown into the air conditioning case 150 by the blower After being cooled in the process of passing through the evaporator 160, it is converted into warm air while passing through the indoor heat exchanger 110 and supplied into the vehicle cabin, thereby heating the vehicle interior.

At this time, since the amount of refrigerant supplied to the evaporator 160 is small, the air cooling performance is also low to minimize the change in the indoor temperature, and the dehumidification of the air passing through the evaporator 160 is smooth.

Continuing, explaining the refrigerant circulation process,

Among the refrigerant passing through the orifice 128 of the compressor 100, the indoor heat exchanger 110, and the first valve 120, some refrigerants pass through the outdoor heat exchanger 130, and some refrigerants dehumidify the line. (R3).

The refrigerant that has passed through the outdoor heat exchanger 130 passes through the bypass line R1 by the second valve 191 after evaporating while exchanging heat with the outside air. At this time, the refrigerant passes through the bypass line R1. The refrigerant evaporates while recovering the waste heat of the vehicle electrical appliance 200 by exchanging heat with the cooling water passing through the cooling water heat exchanger 181b in the process of passing through the refrigerant heat exchanger 181a of the water-cooled heat exchanger 181,

The refrigerant that has passed through the dehumidification line (R3) is supplied to the evaporator 160 to evaporate in the process of heat exchange with the air flowing inside the air conditioning case 150.

In the process, dehumidification of the air passing through the evaporator 160 is performed, and the dehumidified air passing through the evaporator 160 is converted into warm air while passing through the indoor heat exchanger 110 and then supplied to the vehicle interior. Dehumidification heating.

Subsequently, after passing through the water-cooled heat exchanger 181 and the evaporator 160, the refrigerants are joined and then recirculated as described above while flowing into the compressor 100.

100: compressor 110: indoor heat exchanger
115: electric heating heater
120: first valve 125: on-off valve
128: Orifice
130: outdoor heat exchanger 140: expansion means
150: air conditioning case 151: temperature control door
160: evaporator 170: accumulator
180: heat supply means 181: water-cooled heat exchanger
191: Second valve 192: Third valve
195: on-off valve 200: electrical equipment
210: double pipe heat exchanger
R: Refrigerant circulation line R1: Bypass line
R2: Auxiliary bypass line R3: Dehumidification line

Claims (15)

A plurality of devices including a compressor (100), an indoor heat exchanger (110), a first valve (120), an outdoor heat exchanger (130), and an evaporator (160) in the refrigerant circulation line (R), and the refrigerant circulation line ( A bypass line (R1) and a second valve (191) are installed to allow refrigerant circulating in R to bypass a specific device among the plurality of devices,
A vehicle heat pump system comprising a control unit for switching a flow direction of a refrigerant through a direction change of the second valve 191 when a mode change signal is input between the air conditioner mode and the heat pump mode,
When the mode change signal is input, the control unit controls to perform the direction change after delaying the direction change of the second valve 191 for a predetermined time.
When a mode change signal is input between the air conditioner mode and the heat pump mode, the direction change of the second valve 191 is delayed for a predetermined time, thereby reducing the pressure of the refrigerant circulating in the refrigerant circulation line (R) to a predetermined pressure or less. Vehicle heat pump system, characterized in that to control to perform the direction change of the second valve (191) later. According to claim 1,
The first valve 120 is installed on a refrigerant circulation line (R) between the indoor heat exchanger (110) and the outdoor heat exchanger (130) and an on-off valve (125) to turn on / off refrigerant flow, and the on The off-valve 125 is integrally provided with an orifice 128 that expands the refrigerant.
In the air conditioner mode, the on-off valve 125 is opened to flow the refrigerant in an unexpanded state. In the heat pump mode, the on-off valve 125 is closed to expand the refrigerant through the orifice 128 to flow. Vehicle heat pump system, characterized in that. According to claim 2,
When the mode change signal is input, the control unit delays the on / off operation of the on / off valve 125 for a predetermined time, and controls to perform the on / off operation. The method of claim 3,
When the mode change signal is input, the control unit first turns off the compressor 100 and then delays the direction change of the second valve 191 and the opening and closing operation of the on / off valve 125 for a predetermined time. Vehicle heat pump system, characterized in that. The method of claim 4,
The control unit, a heat pump system for a vehicle, characterized in that sequentially performing the switching of the direction of the second valve 191 and the opening and closing operation of the on-off valve 125 with a time difference. The method of claim 4,
When inputting the mode change signal, a heat pump system for a vehicle, characterized in that when inputting a change signal from a heat pump mode to an air conditioner mode. The method of claim 5,
When inputting the mode change signal, the vehicle heat pump system, characterized in that when inputting a change signal from the air conditioner mode to the heat pump mode. The method of claim 4,
The control unit, after performing the switching operation of the second valve 191 and the opening and closing operation of the on-off valve 125, the on-vehicle heat pump system characterized in that to control the compressor (100) again (ON) . According to claim 1,
The delay time of the second valve 191, the heat pump system for a vehicle, characterized in that increased or decreased in proportion to the outside temperature. According to claim 1,
The bypass line R1 is installed to connect the refrigerant circulation line R at the outlet side of the outdoor heat exchanger 130 and the refrigerant circulation line R at the inlet side of the compressor 100,
The second valve 191, the vehicle heat pump system, characterized in that installed at the branch point of the bypass line (R1) and the refrigerant circulation line (R). The method of claim 1 or 3,
During operation in the air conditioner mode, when a key off of a vehicle or a heat pump system is turned off and immediately on again, when a change signal is input to the heat pump mode,
The control unit, a vehicle heat pump system, characterized in that for calculating the delay time from the time the key off or the heat pump system is off. The method of claim 1 or 3,
During operation in the heat pump mode, when a key is turned off or immediately after the vehicle's key off or heat pump system is turned off, when a change signal is input to the air conditioner mode,
The control unit, a vehicle heat pump system, characterized in that for calculating the delay time from the time the key off or heat pump system is off. According to claim 2,
The on-off valve 125 is provided with a valve member 127 on which the orifice 128 is formed while opening and closing the refrigerant passage 126 formed therein,
A heat pump system for a vehicle, characterized in that a solenoid 129 for operating the valve member 127 is installed at one side of the on-off valve 125. According to claim 2,
The on-off valve 125 is provided with a valve member 127 on which the orifice 128 is formed while opening and closing the refrigerant passage 126 formed therein,
A heat pump system for a vehicle, characterized in that a motor for rotating the valve member 127 is installed at one side of the on-off valve 125. The method of claim 14,
The control unit, the vehicle heat pump system, characterized in that to control the rotational operation speed of the valve member 127 to delay the opening and closing operation of the valve member 127 for a predetermined time when the mode change signal is input.

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