KR102111001B1 - Water treatment system using biochar - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a water treatment system capable of treating polluted water by using the produced bio- 흡착 as an adsorbent, a combustor; A reactor in which biomass is introduced, heat generated in the combustor is transferred, two regions having different temperatures are formed therein, and the injected biomass is thermally decomposed through the two regions to generate biomass; And a water quality improvement unit in which the bio-steam generated in the reactor is accommodated and inflowing contaminated water is purified by the bio-steam.

Description

Water treatment system using biochar

The present invention relates to a water treatment system using bio-steam, capable of treating contaminated water using the produced bio-ss as an adsorbent.

A large amount of tar is contained in the flue gas generated when producing bio-char through pyrolysis gasification of biomass.

In particular, in the case of generating power using exhaust gas through biomass pyrolysis, clogging of a turbine or piping is generated by tar included in the exhaust gas.

Patent document 1 discloses a biomass gasification reactor. The gasification reactor disclosed in Patent Literature 1 fills a tar decomposition catalyst in the reactor while producing biospin through an oxidizing heat source of biomass itself in the reactor to remove tar contained in the flue gas generated during thermal decomposition of biomass.

On the other hand, Patent Document 2 discloses a biomass gasification process in which tar is removed from flue gas generated through biomass gasification to purify it with natural gas, and heat generated is converted into steam and reused.

In patent document 2, the flue gas generated during gasification of biomass is removed by converting the tar of the polymer into a gas of relatively low molecular weight such as CO and H ₂ using a high-temperature air fluidized bed.

As described above, the conventional biomass gasification or biogas production process has a disadvantage in that an additional energy source and a catalyst material are required for tar removal, and the specific surface area of the biomass produced in this way is low.

Patent Document 1: KR 1,401,472 B1 Patent Document 2: KR 2015-0001832 A

Accordingly, the present invention effectively removes tar through indirect thermal decomposition in the production of biofilm through biomass, increases the specific surface area of biofilm through the removal of tar, and allows it to be used as a water treatment adsorbent, and as an adsorbent for biofilm. It is an object of the present invention to provide a water treatment system using biofilm that can be reused after use.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention, a combustor; A reactor in which biomass is introduced, heat generated in the combustor is transferred, two regions having different temperatures are formed therein, and the injected biomass is thermally decomposed through the two regions to generate biomass; And a water quality improvement unit in which the bio-steam generated in the reactor is accommodated and inflowing contaminated water is purified by the bio-steam.

The reactor includes a thermal decomposition unit in which biomass inputted to the upper side is transferred to the lower side and thermally decomposed, and a heat transfer portion surrounding the thermal decomposition portion and heat generated in the combustor is transferred from the lower side to the upper side, and from the lower side to the upper side of the heat transfer portion. The heat decomposition unit may be formed in the thermal decomposition unit by the heat transferred to the lower temperature region and the lower temperature region above the high temperature region.

The two regions in the reactor may be formed in two regions within a temperature range of 600 ° C to 800 ° C.

Gas produced by thermal decomposition of the biomass in the reactor may flow into the combustor and be combusted.

The reactor may further include a collection part in which gas generated by thermal decomposition of the biomass is collected.

As described above, according to the water treatment system using the bio-stain according to the present invention, while reducing the energy required while solving the production / synthesis gas production / water quality improvement through the activation of the surface area of the bio-spin, the bios produced also It can be used as an adsorbent for water treatment by increasing its specific surface area, and the bio 촤 used for improving water quality can be used as fertilizer for agricultural land through post-treatment, so it can be expected to have a side effect, which is advantageous in terms of environment.

1 schematically shows a water treatment system using biofilm in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a diagram comparing the specific surface area of the bio- 생산 produced through conventional thermal decomposition and the activated bio- 촤 through the 반응기 -tar reaction of the reactor according to the present invention.
Figure 3 shows the change in pH of the water by biofilm.
FIG. 4 shows the amount of cadmium removal according to pH, the left side shows the amount of cadmium removal upon adsorption through biosap, and the right side shows the amount of cadmium removal according to pH change when biosap is not adsorbed.

The above objects, features and other advantages of the present invention will become more apparent by describing the preferred embodiments of the present invention in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. In this process, the thickness of the lines or the size of components shown in the drawings may be exaggerated for clarity and convenience. In addition, terms to be described later are terms defined in consideration of functions in the present invention, which may vary according to a user's or operator's intention or practice. Therefore, the definition of these terms should be described based on the contents throughout this specification.

In addition, the described embodiments are provided for illustrative purposes only, and do not limit the technical scope of the present invention.

Hereinafter, a water treatment system using bio-stains according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.

First, with reference to Figure 1 will be described the configuration of a water treatment system using a bio-stack according to an embodiment of the present invention.

As shown in FIG. 1, a water treatment system using a bio-stain according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a combustor 100, a reactor 200, and a water quality improving unit 300.

The combustor 100 is injected with fuel and air (oxidizer), combustion of the injected fuel and air is generated, and flue gas is generated.

The reactor 200 is connected to the combustor 100, and biomass is introduced into the reactor 200.

The exhaust gas generated by the combustion of the combustor 100 is introduced into the reactor 200, and the thermal decomposition of the biomass introduced into the reactor 200 is performed by the heat of the input exhaust gas.

The reactor 200 includes a thermal decomposition unit 220 and a heat transfer unit 210.

The thermal decomposition unit 220 is a portion that is located inside the reactor 200 and thermally decomposed of biomass injected upward.

Inside the thermal decomposition unit 220, a transport member such as a screw for transporting the biomass introduced to the upper side to the lower side may be provided.

The heat transfer unit 210 is positioned to surround the thermal decomposition unit 220, and heat generated in the combustor 100 is transmitted upward through the lower side of the heat transfer unit 210.

Pyrolysis of the biomass introduced into the thermal decomposition unit 220 is performed by heat transferred to the thermal transfer unit 210.

The thermal decomposition unit 220 generates biogas and synthetic gas including tar through thermal decomposition of biomass.

The water quality improving part 300 is connected to the reactor 200, and the bio-s produced in the reactor 200 is introduced into the water quality improving part 300.

The bio- 투입 injected into the water quality improving unit 300 functions as an adsorbent, and contaminants contained in the contaminated water flowing into one side of the water quality improving unit 300 are adsorbed on the bio- 되며, purification of the contaminated water is made, and purified treated water Is discharged to the other side of the water quality improving unit 300.

Next, referring to FIG. 1 again, the operation of the water treatment system using bio-steam according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described.

First, fuel and an oxidizer (air) are injected into the combustor 100, and combustion of the injected fuel and oxidant is performed.

The flue gas generated by combustion in the combustor 100 is input to the reactor 200.

Specifically, the exhaust gas is input to the lower side of the heat transfer unit 210 of the reactor 200, and the input heat is moved upward from the lower side of the heat transfer unit 210.

The heat transferred from the lower side of the heat transfer unit 210 to the upper side is formed at a high temperature region 212 of approximately 800 ° C on the lower side of the thermal decomposition unit 220 of the reactor 200, and approximately 600 ° C on the upper side of the high temperature region 212. A low temperature region 211 having a temperature lower than that of the high temperature region 212 is formed.

The biomass is introduced into the upper side of the thermal decomposition unit 220 of the reactor 200 together with nitrogen.

The reactor 200 is thermally decomposed indirectly by heat transferred from the heat transfer unit 210 to the thermal decomposition unit 220.

The biomass introduced into the thermal decomposition unit 220 of the reactor 200 undergoes primary low-speed thermal decomposition in the low-temperature region 211 above the thermal decomposition unit 220, and the produced tar and biogas are thermally decomposed through screws. It is transferred to the high temperature region 212 under the portion 220.

As the production rate of biospin and the production rate of tar are different, in the high temperature region, the tar will cause catalytic reaction with biospin and thermal decomposition is also performed.

As described above, as the tar escapes from the bio- 촤 by catalytic reaction of the tar with the bio- 촤 (촤 -tar-catalyzed reaction), a number of micropores are formed on the surface of the bio- ,, whereby the activated bio- 갖게 has an adsorption capacity. , The temperature of the final activated bio-steam is about 600 ℃.

In general, the tar decomposition process requires an additional energy source and a catalyst material, but in the present invention, additional material input is not required and energy is reduced because the biogas generated by using the exhaust gas generated by the combustor 100 as a heat source is used as a direct catalyst. Can be.

Referring to FIG. 2, the specific surface area of the biofilm produced through the conventional low-speed pyrolysis and the activated biochar through the 촤 -tar reaction of the present invention is compared and shown.

As shown in FIG. 2, it can be seen that the specific surface area of the activated biofilm is about twice that of the biofilm produced through conventional low-speed pyrolysis.

As such, in the process of tar decomposition, the surface area of biofilm can be increased to a level similar to activated carbon.

Meanwhile, the synthesis gas containing tar generated through biomass pyrolysis is discharged from the reactor 200.

Between the combustor 100 and the reactor 200, a fan 400 and a damper 500 are installed, and through the control of the damper 500, the synthesis gas containing tar discharged from the reactor 200 is burned (100). ) To be used as fuel of the combustor 100 or to collect synthetic gas to be introduced into the collection unit 600.

Syngas collected in the collection unit 600 may be used as fuel in a separate process.

The bio-steam generated in the thermal decomposition unit 220 is input to the water quality improvement unit 300.

The bio-suck introduced into the water quality improving unit 300 directly contacts the contaminated water flowing into the water quality improving unit 300 through the pump 310 from a river or reservoir to adsorb contaminants through micropores.

3 and 4 show the cadmium removal characteristics according to the pH change and pH of water by the biofilm, respectively.

As shown in FIG. 3, bio-stack is a basic substance, and when applied to water, increases the pH and has a purification effect of contaminated acidic water.

In addition, it is judged that it is advantageous for adsorption to contaminants that have a positive charge because the surface of the biofilm has a negative charge. As shown in Fig. 4, the cadmium solution rapidly precipitated at pH 9 or higher. Compared to the aqueous solution of cadmium at pH 6, there is a difference of about 8%, which is an effect of removing cadmium by adsorption of bio-steam.

The treated water adsorbed by the biofilm is discharged back to the river or reservoir.

In addition, the bio- 사용 used in the water quality improving unit 300 may be discharged and recycled as fertilizer in farmland soil through an additional purification system.

As described above, according to the water treatment system using bio-stain according to the present invention, it is possible to reduce energy required while solving production / synthesis gas production / water quality improvement through surface activation of bio-steam in one system, and utilize it for water quality improvement The biobottom can be used as fertilizer for agricultural land through post-treatment, so it can be expected to have a side effect, so it has an advantage in terms of environment.

Although preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described above, the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments described above. That is, a person having ordinary knowledge in the technical field to which the present invention pertains can make a number of changes and modifications to the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the appended claims, and all such appropriate changes and modifications Equivalents should also be considered within the scope of the present invention.

100: combustor
200: reactor
210: heat transfer unit
220: pyrolysis unit
211: low temperature region
212: high temperature region
300: water quality improvement unit
310: pump
400: fan
500: damper

Claims (5)

Combustor 100;
Biomass is input, the flue gas generated in the combustor 100 is transmitted, and two regions having different temperatures are formed therein, and the input biomass is thermally decomposed through the two regions to generate biomass. Reactor 200; And
It includes; the water quality improvement unit 300 in which the bio- 된 generated in the reactor 200 is accommodated, and the incoming contaminated water is purified by the bio- 촤;
The reactor 200,
The thermal decomposition unit 220 is thermally decomposed and the biomass inputted to the upper side is thermally decomposed, and the exhaust gas generated in the combustor 100 surrounding the thermal decomposition unit 220 is introduced to the lower side and transferred to the upper side ( 210),
The low temperature lower than the high temperature region 212 in the high temperature region 212 on the lower side and the high temperature region 212 on the thermal decomposition unit 220 by the exhaust gas transmitted from the lower side to the upper side of the heat transfer unit 210. The region 211 is formed,
Water treatment system using bio-char.
delete According to claim 1,
The two regions in the reactor 200 are formed into two regions within a temperature range of 600 ° C to 800 ° C,
Water treatment system using bio-char.
According to claim 1,
The gas generated by the thermal decomposition of the biomass in the reactor 200 is introduced into the combustor 100 and burned,
Water treatment system using bio-char.
According to claim 1,
The reactor 200 further includes a collection unit 600 in which gas generated by thermal decomposition of the biomass is collected,
Water treatment system using bio-char.

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