CN115181589A - Organic solid waste hydrogen-rich catalytic pyrolysis series volatile matter reforming device and method - Google Patents
Organic solid waste hydrogen-rich catalytic pyrolysis series volatile matter reforming device and method Download PDFInfo
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
- C10J3/02—Fixed-bed gasification of lump fuel
- C10J3/20—Apparatus; Plants
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
- C10J3/72—Other features
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
- C10J3/72—Other features
- C10J3/82—Gas withdrawal means
- C10J3/84—Gas withdrawal means with means for removing dust or tar from the gas
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L3/00—Gaseous fuels; Natural gas; Synthetic natural gas obtained by processes not covered by subclass C10G, C10K; Liquefied petroleum gas
- C10L3/06—Natural gas; Synthetic natural gas obtained by processes not covered by C10G, C10K3/02 or C10K3/04
- C10L3/08—Production of synthetic natural gas
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- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
- C10J2300/09—Details of the feed, e.g. feeding of spent catalyst, inert gas or halogens
- C10J2300/0913—Carbonaceous raw material
- C10J2300/0946—Waste, e.g. MSW, tires, glass, tar sand, peat, paper, lignite, oil shale
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- C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
- C10J2300/09—Details of the feed, e.g. feeding of spent catalyst, inert gas or halogens
- C10J2300/0953—Gasifying agents
- C10J2300/0956—Air or oxygen enriched air
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- C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
- C10J2300/09—Details of the feed, e.g. feeding of spent catalyst, inert gas or halogens
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- C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
- C10J2300/09—Details of the feed, e.g. feeding of spent catalyst, inert gas or halogens
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- C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
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- C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
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- C10J2300/164—Integration of gasification processes with another plant or parts within the plant with conversion of synthesis gas
- C10J2300/1656—Conversion of synthesis gas to chemicals
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Abstract
According to the device and the method for reforming the volatile matters in series with the organic solid waste hydrogen-rich catalytic pyrolysis, the hydrogen-rich synthetic gas atmosphere generated by gasifying the derived carbon steam is utilized to strengthen the organic solid waste pyrolysis, and the generation of tar is retarded through regulating and controlling the atmosphere and the pyrolysis operation conditions, so that the generation of low-molecular gaseous hydrocarbons such as methane is promoted; in addition, the oil gas generated by the rapid cracking is directly subjected to hydrogen-rich atmosphere gas-phase catalytic reforming, and heavy tar components are removed and catalytically reformed into low-molecular hydrocarbon gas such as methane by regulating reforming temperature, strengthening heat and mass transfer, prolonging retention time and other measures.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of resources and environment, in particular to a reforming device and a reforming method for organic solid waste hydrogen-rich catalytic pyrolysis series volatile matters.
Background
With the advance of urbanization process and the continuous improvement of social development level, the annual output of organic solid wastes such as domestic sources, agricultural sources, industrial sources and the like in China exceeds 60 hundred million tons. Based on the prevention and control principle of 'reduction, recycling and harmlessness', the existing large-scale treatment modes mainly comprise landfill, composting, incineration and the like. The solid waste has complex components and many harmful substances, occupies a large amount of land for long-term extensive stockpiling and low-value utilization, causes prominent water-soil-gas composite pollution, and becomes one of the main factors inducing environmental and safety problems. The main problems of the thermal treatment technology mainly based on direct incineration are low energy utilization efficiency and difficult control of emission of key pollutants such as dioxin. The development of a new organic solid waste disposal technology has important significance for promoting the ecological civilization construction of China, ensuring the construction of 'waste-free cities', coping with global climate change and the like.
The gasification technology utilizes the composition characteristics and the structural characteristics of organic solid wastes to convert organic components in the organic solid wastes into CO and H at high temperature 2 、CH 4 Combustible gas with high grade. Compared with direct incineration, the method has the advantages of stable combustion, high thermal efficiency, capability of inhibiting the generation of harmful substances such as dioxin from the source, reduction of the emission of sulfur and nitrogen oxides and the like, can be widely applied to various fields of industrial and agricultural production, such as concentrated gas supply, heat supply, power generation and the like at present, and is one of the technologies with the greatest prospects for realizing the deep utilization of organic solid waste. Considering the collecting and distributing and feeding characteristics of the organic solid wastes, the chemical industry is difficult to realize large-scale production like coal, petroleum and natural gas, so the organic solid waste gasified gas is suitable to be used as fuel gas, is used in the fields of B-IGCC power generation, industrial boilers, kilns and the like, and is not suitable to be used as a synthetic raw material of C1 chemical industry. As industrial gas: (1) the heat value meets the user requirement (the heat value is required to be more than 1400Kcal/m for industrial gas and power generation 3 ) (ii) a (2) Substantially tar free to reduce the complexity of the post-treatment system; (3) is economical and clean.
The existing gasification mainly comprises fixed (moving) bed gasification, fluidized bed gasification, airflow (carrying) bed gasification and the like. The fixed bed gasification equipment has the advantages of simple structure, convenient operation, low operation cost, high calorific value of methane-rich fuel gas, slow reaction speed in the furnace, and generation of more difficultly treated tar and secondary pollution of phenolic wastewater, and is suitable for small-scale gasification, typically the Viking process of Denmark. The fluidized bed has the advantages of high gasification reaction speed, moderate and uniform temperature, high treatment capacity and operation flexibility, continuous operation, wide raw material adaptability, lower gas heat value of the bubbling bed and the circulating fluidized bed, high gas heat value of the double fluidized bed, relatively complex equipment structure, high operation cost, no solution to tar problem in gas and secondary pollution of phenol-containing wastewater, and is suitable for large-scale and medium-scale gasification. Representative processes include the australian fast internally circulating fluidized bed gasification process, the japan direct gasification melt incineration process, the us reverse recirculation fluidized bed gasification power generation process, and the like. The entrained flow bed gasification temperature is up to more than 1000 ℃, the retention time is short, the gasification intensity is high, the fuel gas basically does not contain tar and methane, but the heat value of the fuel gas is low, and the fuel gas needs pure oxygen gasification and is best used as a chemical synthesis raw material; in addition, the process flow is long, the equipment is complex, the investment is large, the operation difficulty is large, and the method is suitable for pressurized gasification and is still in a research and development stage. Therefore, the gasified gas produced by various gasification reactors at the present stage can not meet the requirements of industrial fuel gas, and the popularization and application of the gasification technology are greatly restricted. Therefore, the main technical problems of the gasification of organic solid wastes are that the tar removal and the fuel gas calorific value increase are the biggest challenges of the application of the gasification technology.
At present, the traditional removal method of coal gasification tar is still used internationally aiming at the treatment strategy of the byproduct tar in the gasification process, and the method mainly comprises the following steps: 1) Physical removal means such as wet method, dry method, electrostatic dust removal method and the like; 2) Thermal cracking (1000-1200 deg.C); 3) Decomposing tar by corona discharge; 4) The tar is removed by the high temperature caused by burning part of the gasification gas and the free radicals produced by oxidation. Although these methods can reduce tar or promote tar conversion to some extent, the tar removal technology for organic solid waste gasification at lower temperature level needs further investigation on its applicability.
In recent years, the staged gasification technology separates the organic solid waste pyrolysis stage and the derived carbon gasification stage in the whole gasification process, and simultaneously utilizes the catalytic cracking action of high temperature, active atmosphere and derived carbon to achieve the purpose of cracking tar into micromolecular gaseous hydrocarbons and improving the heat value of fuel gas, so that the staged gasification technology is considered as a new idea for removing tar with good development prospect. The research result of the existing segmented gasification fully proves the advantages of the process in the aspect of tar removal and the feasibility of clean gas production. The sectional gasification technologies reported in the literature can be roughly divided into two types: 1) The gasifier is combined with a high-temperature tar reformer, and tar is removed by utilizing the high temperature, partial oxidation and catalytic action of a catalyst in the reformer. Representative processes include three-stage gasification of Spain garbage, two-stage gasification of Korean municipal sludge/biomass, and two-stage gasification of Japanese biomass. 2) The sub-processes of raw material pyrolysis and derived carbon gasification are combined and are respectively carried out in two reactors, and the catalytic action of the derived carbon is fully utilized to remove tar. Representative processes include two-stage gasification process in Denmark and two-stage gasification process developed by Shanghai transportation university in China. However, the reactors used for staged gasification are usually two fixed beds (or one fixed bed and one moving bed), and the treatment capacity is very limited; most of the processes are still in the laboratory research or pilot plant stage, the scaling up is difficult, and many of the processes also need to further reduce tar by using commercial activated carbon or catalyst, and the derived carbon generated in the gasification process cannot be fully utilized to remove tar. Therefore, the tar removal effect is still not very desirable.
Disclosure of Invention
Therefore, there is a need to provide a reforming apparatus for organic solid waste hydrogen-rich catalytic pyrolysis series volatile matter, which can remove tar and simultaneously maximize the generation of low molecular gaseous hydrocarbons such as methane, in order to solve the technical problem that the tar removal effect in the prior art is still not very ideal.
In order to achieve the purpose, the following technical scheme is adopted in the application:
the application provides rich hydrogen catalytic pyrolysis series connection volatile substance reforming unit gives up admittedly organically, including gasification unit, pyrolysis unit and volatile substance reforming unit, wherein:
the organic solid waste material and the derived carbon from the external addition in the gasification unit are subjected to gasification reaction to generate the organic solid waste material containing CO and H 2 The high-temperature synthesis gas provides high-temperature reaction heat and a hydrogen-rich atmosphere for the pyrolysis unit;
and carrying out hydrogen-rich catalytic pyrolysis on the organic solid waste material, the hydrogen-rich atmosphere, the high-temperature reaction heat and the derived carbon which are externally added in the pyrolysis unit, and carrying out volatile reforming reaction on the unreacted organic solid waste material and/or the derived carbon and volatile with the hydrogen-rich atmosphere and water vapor in the volatile reforming unit to generate methane-rich high-value combustible gas and light tar.
In some of these embodiments, the organic solid waste material comprises forestry waste, household waste, sewage plant sludge, or oil field sludge.
In some embodiments, the heat source required by the gasification reaction is provided by high-temperature flue gas with the temperature of more than 1000 ℃ generated by a diesel burner and organic solid waste/derived carbon combustion.
In some of these embodiments, the temperature of the gasification reaction is 900 to 1100 ℃.
In some embodiments, the reaction temperature of the hydrogen-rich catalytic pyrolysis is 800-950 ℃, and the heat source required by the catalytic pyrolysis is provided by high-temperature synthesis gas generated by the gasification reaction and a high-temperature circulating heat carrier.
In some embodiments, the reaction temperature of the reforming reaction is 700-800 ℃, and the heat source required by the reforming reaction is provided by the interaction of pyrolysis of the gasification reaction high-temperature synthesis gas, the high-temperature heat carrier and the organic solid waste under the atmosphere of the steam-containing hydrogen-rich synthesis gas.
In some of these embodiments, the gasification medium required for the gasification reaction comprises steam, air, or oxygen-enriched air.
In some embodiments, a heat carrier is further added to the gasification reaction, and the heat carrier includes fly ash, quartz sand, or ceramic balls.
In some embodiments, the gasification unit, the pyrolysis unit and the volatile matter reforming unit are structurally coupled to form a single reactor, a gas-solid separator is arranged at the top of the single reactor, gasified gas, pyrolysis gas, derived carbon, a heat carrier and ash generated by reaction are separated by the gas-solid separator, the separated derived carbon, heat carrier and ash are returned to the gasification unit, and high-temperature gas is purified, dedusted and cooled and then sent out.
In addition, the application also provides a working method for the hydrogen-rich catalytic pyrolysis series volatile matter reforming of the organic solid waste based on the high-value combustible gas, which comprises the following steps:
the organic solid waste material and the derived carbon from the external addition in the gasification unit are subjected to gasification reaction to generate the carbon containing CO and H 2 The high-temperature synthesis gas provides high-temperature reaction heat and a hydrogen-rich atmosphere for the pyrolysis unit;
and carrying out hydrogen-rich catalytic pyrolysis on the organic solid waste material, the hydrogen-rich atmosphere, the high-temperature reaction heat and the derived carbon which are externally added in the pyrolysis unit, and carrying out volatile reforming reaction on the unreacted organic solid waste material and/or the derived carbon and volatile with the hydrogen-rich atmosphere and water vapor in the volatile reforming unit to generate methane-rich high-value combustible gas and light tar.
By adopting the technical scheme, the method has the following technical effects:
according to the device and the method for reforming the volatile matters in series through hydrogen-rich catalytic pyrolysis of the organic solid wastes, organic solid waste materials and derived carbon which are externally added in the gasification unit are subjected to gasification reaction to generate the volatile matters containing CO and H 2 The high-temperature synthesis gas is subjected to hydrogen-rich catalytic pyrolysis from the organic solid waste material, the hydrogen-rich atmosphere, the high-temperature reaction heat and the derived carbon which are externally added in the pyrolysis unit, and the unreacted organic solid waste material and/or the derived carbon and volatile matters are subjected to volatile matter reforming reaction with the hydrogen-rich atmosphere and water vapor in the volatile matter reforming unit to generate methane-rich high-value combustible gas and light tar; in addition, the oil gas generated by the rapid cracking is directly subjected to hydrogen-rich atmosphere gas-phase catalytic reforming, and the removal of heavy tar components and the catalytic reforming conversion of the heavy tar components into low-molecular hydrocarbon gases such as methane are realized by regulating and controlling the reforming temperature, strengthening the heat and mass transfer, prolonging the retention time and other measures.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this application, illustrate embodiment(s) of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the invention without limiting the invention. In the drawings:
fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a serial volatile matter reforming device for hydrogen-rich catalytic pyrolysis of organic solid waste provided in example 1 of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a series of volatile matter reforming devices for catalytic pyrolysis of organic solid waste rich in hydrogen provided in embodiment 1 of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a flow chart of steps of a high-value combustible gas-based organic solid waste hydrogen-rich catalytic pyrolysis serial volatile matter reforming method provided in embodiment 2 of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical solutions of the present invention better understood, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be obtained by a person skilled in the art without making any creative effort based on the embodiments in the present invention, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
It should be noted that the terms "first," "second," and the like in the description and claims of the present invention and in the drawings described above are used for distinguishing between similar elements and not necessarily for describing a particular sequential or chronological order. It is to be understood that the data so used is interchangeable under appropriate circumstances such that the embodiments of the invention described herein are capable of operation in other sequences than those illustrated or described herein. Moreover, the terms "comprises," "comprising," and "having," and any variations thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, system, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of steps or elements is not necessarily limited to those steps or elements expressly listed, but may include other steps or elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.
Example 1
Referring to fig. 1 and fig. 2, according to an embodiment of the present invention, an organic solid waste hydrogen-rich catalytic pyrolysis serial volatile substance reforming apparatus is provided, which includes a gasification unit 110, a pyrolysis unit 120, and a volatile substance reforming unit 130.
The organic solid waste material and the derived carbon from the external addition in the gasification unit 110 are subjected to gasification reaction to generate the carbon containing CO and H 2 To provide the pyrolysis unit 120 with high-temperature reaction heat and a hydrogen-rich atmosphere; the organic solid waste material, the hydrogen-rich atmosphere, the high-temperature reaction heat and the derived carbon which are externally added in the pyrolysis unit 120 are subjected to hydrogen-rich catalytic pyrolysis, and the unreacted organic solid waste material and/or the derived carbon and volatiles are subjected to a volatile reforming reaction with the hydrogen-rich atmosphere and water vapor in the volatile reforming unit 120 to generate methane-rich high-value combustible gas and light tar.
In some of these embodiments, the organic solid waste material comprises agricultural and forestry waste, municipal domestic waste, sewage plant sludge, or oil field sludge.
In some of the embodiments, the heat source required by the gasification reaction is provided by high-temperature flue gas with the temperature of more than 1000 ℃ generated by a diesel burner. The temperature of the gasification reaction is 900-1100 ℃.
In some of these embodiments, the gasification medium required for the gasification reaction comprises steam, air, oxygen, or oxygen-enriched air.
In some embodiments, a heat carrier is further added to the gasification reaction, and the heat carrier includes fly ash, quartz sand, or ceramic balls.
In some embodiments, the reaction temperature of the catalytic pyrolysis is 800-950 ℃, and the heat source required by the catalytic pyrolysis is provided by high-temperature synthesis gas generated by the gasification reaction and a high-temperature heat carrier.
In some embodiments, the reaction temperature of the reforming reaction is 700-800 ℃, and the heat source required by the reforming reaction is provided by the interaction of pyrolysis of the gasification reaction high-temperature synthesis gas, the high-temperature heat carrier and the organic solid waste under the atmosphere of the water-vapor hydrogen-rich synthesis gas.
In some embodiments, the gasification unit 110 and the pyrolysis unit 120 are structurally coupled to form a single reactor 100, a gas-solid separator is arranged at the top of the single reactor 100, gasified gas, pyrolysis gas, derived char and ash generated by the reaction are separated by the gas-solid separator, the separated derived char is returned to the gasification unit 110, and high-temperature fuel gas is desulfurized, dechlorinated and dedusted and then is sent out.
It can be understood that in the organic solid waste hydrogen-rich catalytic pyrolysis serial volatile substance reforming device provided in the above embodiment of the present application, in the gasification unit 110, the externally added organic solid waste material and the recycled derived carbon from the pyrolysis unit are subjected to gasification reaction (900-1100 ℃) under the action of the steam/air gasification agent to generate the organic solid waste material mainly containing CO and H 2 To provide heat of reaction and a hydrogen-rich atmosphere to the reaction zone of the pyrolysis unit 120; the organic solid waste is fed into the middle lower part of the pyrolysis unit 120, and is mixed and heated by the high-temperature water vapor hydrogen-rich synthetic gas atmosphere from the lower gasification unit 110, the high-temperature heat carrier and the derived carbon to realize hydrogen-rich catalytic pyrolysis (800-950 ℃), and in the gas flow rising process, the unreacted organic solid waste material/derived carbon and volatile matter can generate volatile matter reforming reaction (700-800 ℃) with the hydrogen-rich atmosphere and the water vapor at the middle upper part of the pyrolysis unit to generate methane-rich high-value combustible gas and light tar.
And further, gasified gas, pyrolysis gas, derived carbon and ash are separated by a gas-solid separator at the top of the reactor, the separated derived carbon particles are directly circulated back to the gasification unit, high-temperature gas does not contain tar and dust after being subjected to dust removal, purification, temperature reduction and dry purification pretreatment, secondary pollution of phenol-containing wastewater is avoided, and the high-temperature gas can be directly used as fuel of industrial boilers and kilns or for gasification power generation, so that the combustion efficiency or the power generation efficiency is remarkably improved.
According to the organic solid waste hydrogen-rich catalytic pyrolysis serial volatile matter reforming device provided by the embodiment of the application, hydrogen-rich synthetic gas atmosphere generated by gasification of derived carbon steam is used for strengthening organic solid waste pyrolysis, tar generation is retarded through regulation and control of atmosphere and pyrolysis operation conditions, and generation of low-molecular gaseous hydrocarbons such as methane is promoted; the oil gas generated by the rapid cracking is directly subjected to hydrogen-rich atmosphere gas-phase catalytic reforming, and heavy tar components are removed and catalytically reformed into low-molecular hydrocarbon gas such as methane by regulating reforming temperature, strengthening heat and mass transfer, prolonging retention time and other measures; the generated high-temperature fuel gas is directly used as fuel of industrial boilers and kilns or for gasification power generation after dust removal, purification and temperature reduction.
Example 2
Referring to fig. 3, a flow chart of the steps of the working method of the organic solid waste hydrogen-rich catalytic pyrolysis serial volatile matter reforming device provided in embodiment 2 of the present application includes the following steps:
step S110: the organic solid waste material and the derived carbon from the external addition in the gasification unit are subjected to gasification reaction to generate the organic solid waste material containing CO and H 2 The high-temperature synthesis gas provides high-temperature reaction heat and a hydrogen-rich atmosphere for the pyrolysis unit;
step S120: carrying out hydrogen-rich catalytic pyrolysis on the organic solid waste material, the hydrogen-rich atmosphere, the high-temperature reaction heat and the derived carbon which are externally added in the pyrolysis unit;
step S130: and carrying out volatile matter reforming reaction on the unreacted organic solid waste material and/or the derived carbon and volatile matters, the hydrogen-rich atmosphere and the water vapor in the pyrolysis unit to generate methane-rich high-value combustible gas and light tar.
The detailed implementation manner thereof can be referred to the description in the above embodiment 1, and is not described herein again.
According to the organic solid waste hydrogen-rich catalytic pyrolysis series volatile matter reforming method based on the high-value combustible gas, provided by the embodiment of the application, the hydrogen-rich synthetic gas atmosphere generated by gasifying the derived carbon steam is used for strengthening the organic solid waste pyrolysis, and the generation of tar is retarded by regulating and controlling the atmosphere and pyrolysis operation conditions, so that the generation of low-molecular gaseous hydrocarbons such as methane is promoted; the oil gas generated by fast cracking is directly subjected to hydrogen-rich atmosphere gas-phase catalytic reforming, and the removal of heavy tar components and the catalytic reforming conversion of the heavy tar components into low-molecular hydrocarbon gas such as methane are realized by regulating and controlling the reforming temperature, strengthening the heat and mass transfer, prolonging the retention time and other measures; the generated high-temperature fuel gas is directly used as fuel of industrial boilers and kilns or for gasification power generation after dust removal, purification and temperature reduction.
By adopting the technical scheme of the embodiment 1 and the embodiment 2, a pilot plant with the organic solid waste treatment capacity of 200kg/h is designed and built, and coupling linkage thermal state test research is carried out by taking sawdust as a material to verify the feasibility of the technical route. Pilot-scale operation results show that pyrolysis derived carbon and ash heat carriers in the composite riser circulating fluidized bed can effectively remove heavy tar components and crack the heavy tar components into micromolecular gaseous hydrocarbons, and the heat value of fuel gas is obviously improved. When the feed rate is controlled at about 170kg/h and the air flow rate is 150Nm 3 CH at 865 deg.C of bottom of gasifier, 713 deg.C of furnace interior and 717 deg.C of furnace upper portion 4 The volume fraction is 4.74 percent, and the heat value of the fuel gas is 1762.95Kcal/Nm 3 The feasibility of the hydrogen-rich catalytic pyrolysis series volatile component reforming technical route is verified, and the advantages of the technical route in the aspects of tar removal and fuel gas heat value improvement are proved.
In the above embodiments of the present invention, the descriptions of the respective embodiments have respective emphasis, and for parts that are not described in detail in a certain embodiment, reference may be made to related descriptions of other embodiments.
In the embodiments provided in the present application, it should be understood that the disclosed technical content can be implemented in other manners. The above-described system embodiments are merely illustrative, and for example, a division of a unit may be a logical division, and an actual implementation may have another division, for example, multiple units or components may be combined or integrated into another system, or some features may be omitted, or not executed. In addition, the shown or discussed mutual coupling or direct coupling or communication connection may be an indirect coupling or communication connection through some interfaces, units or modules, and may be in an electrical or other form.
The units described as separate parts may or may not be physically separate, and parts displayed as units may or may not be physical units, may be located in one position, or may be distributed on a plurality of units. Some or all of the units can be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the solution of the embodiment.
In addition, functional units in the embodiments of the present invention may be integrated into one processing unit, or each unit may exist alone physically, or two or more units are integrated into one unit. The integrated unit can be realized in a form of hardware, and can also be realized in a form of a software functional unit.
The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, various modifications and amendments can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention, and these modifications and amendments should also be considered as the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides an organic solid useless hydrogen-rich catalytic pyrolysis connects in series volatile substance reforming unit which characterized in that, includes gasification unit, pyrolysis unit and volatile substance reforming unit, wherein:
the organic solid waste material and the derived carbon from the external addition in the gasification unit are subjected to gasification reaction to generate the organic solid waste material containing CO and H 2 The high-temperature synthesis gas provides high-temperature reaction heat and a hydrogen-rich atmosphere for the pyrolysis unit;
and carrying out hydrogen-rich catalytic pyrolysis on the organic solid waste material, the hydrogen-rich atmosphere, the high-temperature reaction heat and the derived carbon which are externally added in the pyrolysis unit, and carrying out volatile matter reforming reaction on the unreacted organic solid waste material and/or the derived carbon and volatile matters with the hydrogen-rich atmosphere and water vapor in the volatile matter reforming unit to generate methane-rich high-value combustible gas and gas-phase light tar.
2. The organic solid waste hydrogen-rich catalytic pyrolysis in-line volatile matter reforming device of claim 1, wherein the organic solid waste material comprises forestry and agricultural residues, household garbage, sewage plant sludge or oil field sludge.
3. The organic solid waste hydrogen-rich catalytic pyrolysis series volatile matter reforming device as claimed in claim 1, wherein the heat source required by the gasification reaction is provided by high temperature flue gas with temperature of more than 1000 ℃ generated by a diesel burner and combustion of organic solid waste/derived carbon.
4. The organic solid waste hydrogen-rich catalytic pyrolysis series volatile matter reforming device as claimed in claim 1, wherein the temperature of the gasification reaction is 900-1100 ℃.
5. The organic solid waste hydrogen-rich catalytic pyrolysis serial volatile matter reforming device of claim 4, wherein the reaction temperature of the hydrogen-rich catalytic pyrolysis is 800-950 ℃, and the heat source required by the catalytic pyrolysis is provided by high-temperature synthesis gas generated by the gasification reaction and a high-temperature circulating heat carrier.
6. The organic solid waste hydrogen-rich catalytic pyrolysis series volatile substance reforming device of claim 5, wherein the reaction temperature of the reforming reaction is 700-800 ℃, and the heat source required by the reforming reaction is provided by the interaction of the gasification reaction high-temperature synthesis gas, the high-temperature heat carrier and the organic solid waste pyrolysis in the steam-containing hydrogen-rich synthesis gas atmosphere.
7. The organic solid waste hydrogen-rich catalytic pyrolysis in-line volatile matter reforming device of claim 1, wherein the gasification medium required by the gasification reaction comprises steam, air or oxygen-rich air.
8. The organic solid waste hydrogen-rich catalytic pyrolysis series volatile matter reforming device of claim 1, wherein a heat carrier is further added in the gasification reaction, and the heat carrier comprises fly ash, quartz sand or ceramic balls.
9. The organic solid waste hydrogen-rich catalytic pyrolysis serial volatile matter reforming device as claimed in claim 1, wherein the gasification unit and the pyrolysis unit are structurally coupled to form a single reactor, a gas-solid separator is arranged at the top of the single reactor, gasified gas, pyrolysis gas, derived carbon, a heat carrier and ash generated by reaction are separated by the gas-solid separator, the separated derived carbon is returned to the gasification unit, and high-temperature fuel gas is purified, dedusted and cooled and then is sent out.
10. The working method of the organic solid waste hydrogen-rich catalytic pyrolysis serial volatile matter reforming device according to any one of claims 1 to 9 is characterized by comprising the following steps:
the organic solid waste material and the derived carbon from the external addition in the gasification unit are subjected to gasification reaction to generate the organic solid waste material containing CO and H 2 The high-temperature synthesis gas provides high-temperature reaction heat and a hydrogen-rich atmosphere for the pyrolysis unit;
and carrying out catalytic pyrolysis on the organic solid waste material, the hydrogen-rich atmosphere, the high-temperature reaction heat and the derived carbon which are externally added in the pyrolysis unit, and carrying out reforming reaction on the unreacted organic solid waste material and/or the derived carbon and volatile matters with the hydrogen-rich atmosphere and water vapor in the pyrolysis unit to generate methane-rich high-value combustible gas and light tar.
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