KR102041069B1 - Heating air injector for pyrolysis of biomass and Pyrolysis apparatus comprising the same - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a pyrolysis spray device for uniformly pyrolyzing a raw material by allowing a wood chip to stay in a pyrolysis section which is a uniform temperature section inside a pyrolysis apparatus for a predetermined time, and to a pyrolysis apparatus including the same. According to the pyrolysis spray device of the present invention, a plurality of holes are provided within a predetermined range (for example, a range of several meters, hereinafter, referred to as a pyrolysis section), and heated air can be sprayed into the pyrolysis apparatus so uniform temperature can be maintained in the pyrolysis section where the holes are positioned. Therefore, the spray device and the pyrolysis apparatus of the present invention can uniformly provide reaction temperatures required for pyrolysis for raw materials to produce a high-quality biochar or solid fuel. Also, the pyrolysis apparatus of the present invention generates a temperature difference between front and rear ends of the pyrolysis section to simultaneously perform the drying and the cooling as well as the pyrolysis.

Description

Thermal air injector for pyrolysis of biomass and Pyrolysis apparatus comprising the same}

The present invention relates to a pyrolysis injector and a pyrolysis apparatus including the same, and more particularly, a pyrolysis injector for pyrolyzing raw materials evenly by staying a wood chip in a pyrolysis section which is a uniform temperature section inside the pyrolysis apparatus for a predetermined time, and a pyrolysis including the same. Relates to a device.

In general, amid concern about global warming and depletion of fossil resources, biomass, the second most abundant energy source after coal and oil, is drawing attention as a new energy source.

Biomass is a 'renewable' organic resource produced from mineral water and carbon dioxide by photosynthesis using solar energy. In addition, since the carbon dioxide emitted when burning biomass is the same as the carbon dioxide absorbed into the atmosphere by photosynthesis during biogrowth, biomass does not increase the concentration of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere during its life cycle. ) 'Characteristic.

Therefore, if the energy or products derived from fossil resources are replaced with biomass, the greenhouse gas (carbon dioxide) emission which causes global warming can be greatly reduced, and the sulfur content is low, so when mixed with high sulfur coal, SO2 The effect of reducing occurrence can be obtained. Biomass is more economical than bituminous coal and is continuously increasing with fossil fuel consumption due to rapid economic development.

Types of biomass include woody biomass obtained from wood, sugar cane, sugar-based biomass obtained from waste liquor, starch-based biomass obtained from sweet potato, etc., biomass of photosynthetic bacteria, food waste, and the like. Biomass obtained, and the like.

In order to use this biomass as an energy source, the biomass is pyrolysis. Pyrolysis is the process of heating waste (organic) in an oxygen-free or low-oxygen atmosphere to produce fuels in syn-gas, oil, refined fuels, and carbonaceous chars. Say Since most organic materials are thermally unstable, heating in oxygen-free air can cause decomposition into gases, liquids, and solids through thermal cracking and condensation.

Examples of a device for pyrolyzing biomass include a high temperature pyrolysis device that pyrolyzes waste at 400 ° C. or higher to generate gas and solids, or a semicarbon device that pyrolyzes at a low temperature below 400 ° C.

Such a pyrolysis apparatus includes a direct heating type for supplying a flame or a heat source to a facility where raw materials are transferred, and an indirect heating type for supplying a heat source in a manner such as conduction.

Conventionally, in the direct heating type, since a flame or a heat source is directly supplied to the inside of a furnace, a uniform semi-carbonized product cannot be obtained because the temperature difference is large depending on the position of the furnace.

Indirect pyrolysis generates heat required for pyrolysis from fossil fuels, etc., and heats the raw materials by flowing them into an outer cylinder of the pyrolysis furnace or a tube installed inside the pyrolysis furnace. The indirect heating method has a disadvantage in that the volume of the device must be greatly increased because energy costs are increased and a space such as an outer cylinder for accommodating the heat source is required because the indirect heating method must provide a high temperature heat source.

The present invention provides a pyrolysis injector and a pyrolysis apparatus capable of heating a wood chip continuously supplied to a uniform temperature even in a direct heating method.

The present invention provides a pyrolysis injector and a pyrolysis apparatus that sequentially implements drying and pyrolysis of raw materials.

One aspect of the present invention

A combustion section 10 having a burner 11 and a combustion chamber 12 in which intake air is combusted;

A mixing unit 20 for mixing the heated air discharged from the combustion unit with the outside air;

A first injection pipe (30) having a nozzle at an end to discharge mixed heated air; And

As a tube of a predetermined length, one end (a) has a plurality of holes (41) in which the nozzle of the first injection pipe is drawn inward, the other end (b) is blocked inside, and perforated at predetermined intervals along the tube circumference. It includes a second injection pipe 40,

The second injection pipe relates to a pyrolysis injector, wherein the heated air introduced from the first injection pipe is injected through the plurality of holes to provide a uniform temperature in a pyrolysis section.

In another aspect, the present invention

An inlet chamber into which the raw material is introduced, an outlet chamber through which the pyrolysis product is discharged, and a raw material to be transported while rotating, one end of which is in communication with the inlet chamber, the other end of which is in communication with the outlet chamber, and a housing in which the pyrolysis injector is located Related to a pyrolysis device.

The pyrolysis injector of the present invention is provided with a plurality of holes over a predetermined range (for example, several m range, hereinafter, pyrolysis section), and can inject heated air into the pyrolysis apparatus through the hole, so that the hole is pyrolyzed. It is possible to maintain a uniform temperature in the section. Therefore, the injector and the pyrolysis apparatus of the present invention can produce a high quality bio-car or solid fuel by uniformly providing the reaction temperature required for pyrolysis to the raw material.

The pyrolysis apparatus of the present invention generates a temperature difference at the front end and the rear end of the pyrolysis section so that not only pyrolysis but also drying and cooling may be simultaneously performed.

1 is a side view of a pyrolysis injector of the present invention.
2 is a conceptual diagram of a pyrolysis apparatus of the present invention.
3 is a perspective schematic view of FIG. 2.

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. However, the scope of the present invention is not limited to the description or the drawings for the following embodiments. In other words, the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the invention. Singular expressions include plural expressions unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. In addition, the terms "comprises" or "having" described herein are intended to indicate that there is a feature, number, step, operation, component, part, or combination thereof described in the specification, and one or the same. It is to be understood that the present invention does not exclude in advance the possibility of the presence or the addition of other features, numbers, steps, operations, components, parts, or a combination thereof.

In addition, the terms "unit", "group", "module", and the like described in the specification mean a unit for processing at least one function or operation, which may be implemented by hardware or software or a combination of hardware and software.

1 is a side view of the pyrolysis injector of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a conceptual diagram of the pyrolysis apparatus of the present invention, and FIG. 3 is a perspective schematic view of FIG.

Referring to FIG. 1, the pyrolysis injector of the present invention includes a combustion unit 10, a mixing unit 20, a first injection tube 30, and a second injection tube 40.

The combustion unit 10 includes a burner 11 and a combustion chamber 12 in which intake air is combusted.

The burner can use a known burner without limitation. For example, the burner may be a proportional controlled LPG forced suction burner.

The combustion chamber is a space where the flame generated by the burner is burned. The heated air warmed by the flame in the combustion chamber is discharged to the mixing section.

The mixing unit 20 controls the temperature of the heating air by forcibly mixing the heating air with the outside air. The temperature controlled by the mixing unit may range from 200 to 1,000 ° C.

The heat sprayer of the present invention may maintain a desired set temperature (eg, a semi-carbonization temperature range) by adjusting the amount of air injected into the mixing unit through the fan 21.

The first injection pipe has a nozzle at an end to discharge the mixed heated air to the second injection pipe.

The first injection pipe is a tube having a predetermined length, the inlet side is connected to the mixing part, and the nozzle provided at the outlet end of the first injection pipe has a tapered shape in which the diameter is gradually reduced. The length of the first injection pipe may be adjusted according to the size (diameter) of the outlet chamber or the set temperature of the heating air. For example, in the case of semi-carbonization, the length of the first injection pipe may range from 1 m to 5 m.

 A temperature sensor may be installed in the first injection pipe.

 The second injection pipe 40 is a tube having a predetermined length, and the end portion a of the inlet side has a nozzle introduced into the inside of the first injection tube, and the end portion b of the outlet side has a closed interior.

The length of the second injection pipe can be adjusted according to the set temperature of the heating air, the size of the housing, the amount of bio-tea production and the like. For example, the length of the second injection pipe may range from 1 m to 12 m.

A nozzle (taper shape) of the first injection pipe is introduced into the inlet side of the second injection pipe, and a gap of a predetermined space is maintained between the inlet side inner surface of the second injection pipe and the nozzle introduced into the second injection pipe. The central axes of the first injection pipe and the second injection pipe are located on the same line.

The second injection pipe has a plurality of holes 41 perforated at predetermined intervals along the tube circumference.

A plurality of holes are formed in the second injection pipe over a predetermined range (for example, in a range of 1 m to 9 m.) The heated air introduced from the first injection pipe may be injected to the outside through the holes of the second injection pipe. .

There is no limitation on the size of the holes. For example, the hole may have a diameter of 20 to 50 mm, 25 to 40 mm, and 25 to 32 mm. There is no limitation on the spacing between the holes. For example, the distance between the hole and the hole may be 100 ~ 1000mm.

The hole may be formed over the entire second injection pipe.

In addition, the hole may be formed in a part of the second injection pipe. Referring to FIG. 1, holes may not be formed near the inlet side of the first injection tube and the outlet side of the second injection tube.

An inlet side (heated air inlet side) of the second injection pipe may include a heat insulating material 42 having a predetermined size surrounding the pipe circumference. For example, the length of the insulation may be 1m ~ 2m. The insulation may block heat transfer by conduction of the second injection pipe.

The first injection pipe, the mixing part, and the combustion part are sequentially connected and fixed, but the nozzles of the first injection pipe are introduced into the second injection pipe, but are not fastened or fixed to the first injection pipe.

The first injection pipe is fixed, but the second injection pipe can be rotated when rotational force is given from the outside.

Since the heating air is injected into the housing through the hole in the section of the range of several meters where the hole of the second injection pipe is formed, a portion of the housing adjacent to the hole (pyrolysis section d) is the same temperature as the temperature inside the second injection pipe. Can be kept constant. That is, the pyrolysis section (d) is a space in the housing in which the temperature is kept uniform due to the heated air injected through the hole of the second injection pipe.

According to the present invention, the wood chips can remain in the pyrolysis section, which is a uniform temperature section, for a predetermined time, thereby mass-producing high quality bio-tea with uniform performance.

The second injection pipe may generate a temperature difference at the front end (the wrapped with insulation) and the rear end of the pyrolysis section so that not only pyrolysis but also drying and cooling may be simultaneously performed.

2, the pyrolysis apparatus 200 of the present invention is inserted into the pyrolysis injector 100 therein.

The pyrolysis apparatus 200 may be a semi-carbonization apparatus, a carbonization apparatus, a solid fuel manufacturing apparatus, and a gasifier.

The pyrolysis apparatus 200 includes an inlet chamber 210, an outlet chamber 220, and a housing 230.

The raw material may be introduced through a feed part 300 (eg, a screw feeder) extending through the side wall of the inlet chamber and extending to the inlet side of the housing.

The upper part of the inlet chamber is discharged from the heated air injected from the pyrolysis injector, the lower part may collect dust or biomass particles.

The outlet chamber 220 is the pyrolysis product is discharged and collected to the bottom. A portion of the heat sprayer may be located outside the outlet chamber, and a portion of the heat sprayer may extend to a predetermined section inside the housing through the outlet chamber.

Referring to FIG. 2, the combustion unit 10 and the mixing unit 20 of the injector may be located outside the outlet chamber, and the first injection tube may be located at the outlet of the housing through the outlet chamber. The second injection pipe may be located extending from the outlet side of the housing to a part of the inlet side.

The heat sprayer 100 is fixed through fixing means (bolts, etc.) to have a predetermined distance from the housing. A plurality of supports 240 may be formed in the housing to fix the heat sprayer at predetermined intervals.

The first injection pipe of the pyrolysis injector is fixed together with the mixing part or the combustion part, but the second injection pipe is combined with the housing to be rotatable.

The housing may have a rotatable cylindrical structure inclined by 2 ° to 3 ° so that the raw material is transferred inward.

The pyrolysis device may have means for rotating the housing. As the rotating means, a known device (for example, rollers of 250 and 260) can be used without limitation.

One end of the housing is in communication with the inlet chamber and the other end is in communication with the outlet chamber. The pyrolysis device may be a rotary kiln.

In the pyrolysis apparatus of the present invention, the wood chips introduced into the inlet chamber are discharged to the outlet chamber through the housing part, and the heated air injected into the housing by the thermal sprayer is discharged to the outlet chamber through the housing.

As described above, the pyrolysis device of the present invention includes a pyrolysis section (d in FIG. 2) which is a predetermined section in a housing in which the temperature is kept uniform.

The pyrolysis apparatus of the present invention includes a section (drying section c) for drying a wood chip (for example, water content of 35 to 40%) at the front end of the semi-carbonization section (d).

The drying section is a section within the housing in which the temperature decreases as the distance from the hole of the second injection pipe, which is a heat source, increases.

That is, the pyrolysis apparatus of the present invention can dry the wood chips moving inside the housing by using the heated air to decompose the wood chips and discharged.

The present invention can control the moisture content of the wood chip introduced into the pyrolysis section by adjusting the length of the drying section. For example, the drying section of the pyrolysis device may be 1 ~ 15m.

As such, the pyrolysis device of the present invention can perform semi-carbonization and drying continuously in the interior, so that no separate drying device is required, and thermal efficiency can be improved.

In addition, the pyrolysis apparatus of the present invention is economical because it can produce a bio-tea of uniform performance even if it is a direct fire type, and does not require a drying apparatus, a dry energy source, a drying accessory equipment (dust collection equipment, etc.).

The pyrolysis device may be discharged to the outside by lowering the temperature of the semi-carbonized bio-car in the section (e) where the heat insulating material and the discharge chamber is located.

Those skilled in the art will understand that the present invention may be implemented in a modified form without departing from the essential characteristics of the present invention. Therefore, the disclosed embodiments should be considered in descriptive sense only and not for purposes of limitation. Therefore, the scope of the present invention should not be construed as being limited to the above-described examples, but should be construed to include various embodiments within the scope of the claims and equivalents thereof.

Claims (4)

An inlet chamber 210 into which biomass is introduced;
Outflow chamber 220 through which the pyrolysis product is discharged; And
Rotating conveys the biomass, one end is in communication with the inlet chamber, the other end is in communication with the outlet chamber, and includes a housing 230 in which the pyrolysis injector 100 is located,
The pyrolysis injector 100
Combustion unit 10 having a burner 11 and a combustion chamber 12 in which intake air is combusted, a mixing unit 20 for mixing heated air discharged from the combustion unit with external air, and a nozzle having an end portion for mixing A first injection pipe (30) for discharging heated air and a tube of a predetermined length, one end (a) of which the nozzle of the first injection pipe is introduced into the inside, the other end (b) is blocked inside, and the tube circumference A second injection pipe 40 having a plurality of holes 41 perforated at predetermined intervals,
A nozzle of the first injection pipe is introduced into one end (a) of the second injection pipe, and a gap of a predetermined space (A) is maintained between the inner surface of the second injection pipe and the nozzle, and the second injection pipe The first injector is not fastened or fixed to each other,
The first injection pipe is fixed and connected to the mixing unit,
The second injection pipe is rotatable,
And the second spray pipe sprays heated air introduced from the first spray pipe into the housing through the plurality of holes to provide a uniform temperature inside the housing adjacent to the hole. delete delete The method of claim 1, wherein the pyrolysis device
Pyrolysis section in which pyrolysis temperature is kept uniform; And
Located in the front of the pyrolysis section, the pyrolysis device, characterized in that it comprises a drying section inside the housing in which the temperature decreases as the distance from the hole of the second injection pipe is reduced.

Images