KR102041070B1 - Direct heating type biochar torrefaction produce system using woodchip and sawdust from wood biomass - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a biochar producing system for efficiently semi-carbonizing a wood chip of high quality by staying the wood chip in a pyrolysis section which is a uniform temperature section inside a semi-carbonizing apparatus for a predetermined time. The semi-carbonizing biochar producing system of the present invention can uniformly provide the entire raw material with a temperature required for semi-carbonization even in a direct firing type by including a direct firing type semi-carbonizing part for directly spraying heated air over a predetermined section where the raw material is moved. The semi-carbonizing biochar producing system does not need a separate drying apparatus by continuously performing drying by using heated air used for semi-carbonization inside the semi-carbonizing part. Accordingly, the semi-carbonizing biochar producing system can produce a semi-carbonizing biochar of a unique performance even in a direct firing type. In addition, a drying apparatus, a drying energy source, a drying auxiliary facility (dust collection facility), etc. are not required to be economical.

Description

Direct heating type biochar torrefaction produce system using woodchip and sawdust from wood biomass}

The present invention relates to a direct type carbonized bio tea production system, and more particularly, to a system for producing a high quality bio tea by staying a wood chip for a predetermined time in a semi carbonized section, which is a uniform temperature section inside a semi-carbonized device. will be.

In general, amid concern about global warming and depletion of fossil resources, biomass, the second most abundant energy source after coal and oil, is drawing attention as a new energy source.

Biomass is a 'renewable' organic resource produced from mineral water and carbon dioxide by photosynthesis using solar energy. In addition, since the carbon dioxide emitted when burning biomass is the same as the carbon dioxide absorbed into the atmosphere by photosynthesis during biogrowth, biomass does not increase the concentration of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere during its life cycle. ) 'Characteristic.

Therefore, if the energy or products derived from fossil resources are replaced with biomass, the greenhouse gas (carbon dioxide) emission which causes global warming can be greatly reduced, and the sulfur content is low, so when mixed with high sulfur coal, SO2 The effect of reducing occurrence can be obtained. Biomass is more economical than bituminous coal and is continuously increasing with fossil fuel consumption due to rapid economic development.

Types of biomass include woody biomass obtained from wood, sugar cane, sugar-based biomass obtained from waste liquor, starch-based biomass obtained from sweet potato, etc., biomass of photosynthetic bacteria, food wastes Biomass obtained, and the like.

In order to use this biomass as an energy source, the biomass is pyrolysis. Pyrolysis is the process of heating waste (organic) in an oxygen-free or low-oxygen atmosphere to produce fuels in syn-gas, oil, refined fuels, and carbonaceous chars. Say Since most organic materials are thermally unstable, heating in oxygen-free air can cause decomposition into gases, liquids, and solids through thermal cracking and condensation.

Examples of a device for pyrolyzing biomass include a high temperature pyrolysis device that pyrolyzes waste at 400 ° C. or higher to generate gas and solids, or a semicarbon device that pyrolyzes at a low temperature below 400 ° C.

The semi-carbonization apparatus includes a direct heating type for supplying a flame or a heat source to a facility where raw materials are transferred, and an indirect heating type for supplying a heat source in a manner such as conduction.

In the direct heating type, a flame or a heat source is directly supplied to the inside of the furnace, and thus a uniform semi-carbonized product cannot be obtained because the temperature difference is large depending on the position of the furnace. For this reason, the presently used semi-carbonization apparatus is mostly indirect heating. Indirect heating generates heat required for pyrolysis using fossil fuel, etc., and heats the raw material while flowing it to an outer cylinder of the pyrolysis furnace or a pipe installed inside the pyrolysis furnace. However, since the indirect heating method has to provide a heat source of higher temperature than the direct heating method, an energy cost increases and a space such as an outer cylinder for accommodating the heat source requires a large volume of the device.

The present invention is to provide a bio-tea production system that can increase the energy efficiency and simplify the process system.

The present invention provides a system for producing a high quality semi-carbonized bio-tea which can heat wood chips continuously supplied to a uniform temperature even in a direct heating method.

One aspect of the present invention

Wood chip manufacturing unit 10 for cutting the wood;

A screen unit 20 for sorting wood chips discharged from the wood chip manufacturing unit into a predetermined size range;

A semi-carbonization unit 30 for semi-carbonizing the wood chips selected by the screen unit by applying heat; And

It includes a cooling unit 40 for cooling the semi-carbonized wood chips discharged from the semi-carbonized portion,

The semi-carbonization unit 30

The raw material is moved into the housing 31 is semi-carbonized and moved inside the housing, and provided with a plurality of holes 501 over a predetermined range (pyrolysis section) around the heating air through the hole to the housing It relates to a direct type semi-carbonized bio-car production system including a spraying unit 50 for spraying pyrolysis.

The semi-carbonized bio-car production system of the present invention may include a direct fire type carbonization unit for directly injecting heated air into the inside of which the raw material is moved, and may uniformly provide the temperature required for the semi-carbonization to the entire raw material even if it is a direct fire type.

The semi-carbonized bio-tea production system of the present invention does not need a separate drying device because it can be carried out continuously by using the heating air used for semi-carbonization in the semi-carbonization unit.

As described above, the semi-carbonized biocar production system of the present invention can produce a semi-carbonized biocar of uniform performance even though it is a direct fire type, and also does not require a drying device, a dry energy source, a drying accessory (dust collecting equipment, etc.). It is economical.

1 is a process diagram of a direct type semi-carbonized bio tea production system of the present invention.
2 is a conceptual diagram of a semi-carbonization unit used in the semi-carbonized biocar production system of FIG.
3 is a side view of the injector for pyrolysis used in the semi-carbonization apparatus of FIG.
4 is a perspective schematic view of FIG. 2.

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. However, the scope of the present invention is not limited to the description or the drawings for the following embodiments. In other words, the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the invention. Singular expressions include plural expressions unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. In addition, the terms "comprises" or "having" described herein are intended to indicate that there is a feature, number, step, operation, component, part, or combination thereof described in the specification, and one or the same. It is to be understood that the present invention does not exclude in advance the possibility of the presence or addition of other features, numbers, steps, operations, components, parts, or combinations thereof.

In addition, the terms "unit", "group", "module", and the like described in the specification mean a unit for processing at least one function or operation, which may be implemented by hardware or software or a combination of hardware and software.

1 is a process diagram of a direct carbonized biocar production system of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a conceptual diagram of a semicarburizing unit used in the semicarburized biocar production system of FIG. 1, and FIG. 3 is used in the semicarburization apparatus of FIG. 2. It is a side view of the injector for pyrolysis, and FIG. 4 is a perspective schematic view of FIG. 2.

1 to 4, the direct type semi-carbonized bio-car production system of the present invention includes a wood chip manufacturing unit 10, a screen unit 20, a semi-carbonization unit 30, and a cooling unit 40. . The semi-carbonization unit includes a pyrolysis injector 50.

Semi-carbonized bio-tea production system of the present invention may include a storage unit (60).

The wood chip manufacturing unit 10 cuts the biomass into wood chips having a predetermined size by using a grinder (for example, a saw duster). For example, the wood chip manufacturing unit 10 may be cut by setting the size of the wood chip to 4mm (W) × 2mm (B) × 15mm (length).

As the biomass, a known biomass may be used, and in particular, wood-based biomass such as wood, twigs, and sawdust may be used.

The screen unit 20 selects an over size, an appropriate size, and an under size by selecting wood chips discharged from the wood chip manufacturing unit. For example , the screen unit 20 may separate a wood chip that is over 100% or under 100% (for example, sawdust) by using a plurality of screens, or is over 100% compared to a set wood chip size. The screen's mesh can be adjusted to ensure that 95-98% of the incoming volume is sized appropriately.

Referring to FIG. 1, the over size and under size wood chips W2 separated from the screen part may be discarded or transferred to an incinerator, and the appropriate size wood chips W1 may be transferred to the semi-carbonized part 30. .

The semi-carburizing unit 30 includes a housing 31, an inlet chamber 32, an outlet chamber 33, and an injector 50 for pyrolysis.

The housing 31 is semi-carbonized by the wood chip (W1) is introduced therein. The internal temperature of the housing may be maintained at 200 ~ 450 ℃ by the pyrolysis injector 50.

One end of the housing is in communication with the inlet chamber and the other end is in communication with the outlet chamber.

The housing may have a rotatable cylindrical structure inclined by 2 ° to 3 ° so that the raw material is transferred inward.

The semi-carbonized portion 30 may be provided with a means for rotating the housing. As the rotating means, a known device (for example, rollers or chains of 35 and 36) can be used without limitation.

The raw material may be introduced through a feed part 200 (eg, a screw feeder) extending through the side wall (feed portion) of the inlet chamber 32 and extending to the inlet side of the housing.

The upper part of the inlet chamber is discharged from the heated air is injected from the injector for pyrolysis, the lower part may collect dust or biomass particles.

The outlet chamber 33 is a semi-carbonized bio-car is collected and discharged to the bottom. The injector 50 may be inserted into the housing through the side wall of the outlet chamber.

The safety damper 34 is positioned above the outlet chamber and the inlet chamber, and is opened when an explosion pressure is generated above a predetermined pressure and closed under its own weight when the safety damper 34 is below a predetermined pressure. The safety damper may use various types of dampers. For example, the safety damper may include a damper 341 having a predetermined area and weight, a plurality of holes located at the edge of the damper, and fixing means 342 and bolts that are fastened through the collecting hopper and the damper through the holes. It may be formed to include. The bottom of the fixing means is fixed in close contact with the bottom of the collection hopper. On the other hand, the upper end of the fixing means 343 (for example, the head of the bolt) is spaced apart from the upper surface of the damper at a predetermined interval, so that when the explosion pressure occurs, the damper rises to the upper end of the fixing means, so that the inflow chamber or the outlet chamber may be opened. The upper end 353 of the fixing means may have a wider cross section than the body of the fixing means to prevent the damper from being separated.

2 and 3, the pyrolysis injector 50 of the present invention includes a combustion unit 51, a mixing unit 52, a first injection tube 53, and a second injection tube 54.

The combustion unit 51 includes a burner 511 and a combustion chamber 512 in which intake air is combusted.

The burner can use a known burner without limitation. For example, the burner may be a proportional controlled LPG forced suction burner.

The combustion chamber is a space where the flame generated by the burner is burned. The heated air warmed by the flame in the combustion chamber is discharged to the mixing section.

The mixing unit 52 adjusts the temperature of the heating air by forcibly mixing the heating air with the outside air. The temperature controlled by the mixing unit may be maintained at 200 ~ 450 ℃.

The injector of the present invention can maintain the desired set temperature by adjusting the amount of air injected into the mixing unit through the fan (521, fan).

The first spray pipe 53 has a nozzle at the end to discharge the mixed heated air to the second spray pipe.

The first injection pipe 53 is a tube having a predetermined length, and the inlet side is connected to the mixing part, and the nozzle provided at the outlet end of the first injection pipe has a tapered shape in which the diameter is gradually reduced. The length of the first injection pipe can be adjusted according to the size (diameter) of the outlet chamber. For example, in the case of semi-carbonization, the length of the first injection pipe may range from 1 m to 5 m.

The first injection pipe may have an end portion formed with a nozzle through the sidewall of the outlet chamber and located inside the housing.

 A temperature sensor may be installed in the first injection pipe.

 The second injection pipe 54 is a tube of a predetermined length, and the end portion a of the inlet side has the nozzle of the first injection tube drawn inward, and the end portion b of the outlet side has a closed interior.

The length of the second injection pipe can be adjusted according to the set temperature of the heating air, the size of the housing, the amount of bio-tea production and the like. For example, the length of the second injection pipe may range from 1 m to 12 m.

A nozzle (taper shape) of the first injection pipe is introduced into the inlet side of the second injection pipe, and a gap of a predetermined space is maintained between the inner surface of the inlet (a) side of the second injection pipe and the nozzle introduced into the second injection pipe. do. The central axes of the first injection pipe and the second injection pipe are located on the same line.

The second injection pipe has a plurality of holes 501 perforated at predetermined intervals along the tube circumference.

The hole is formed in the second injection pipe over a predetermined range (for example, 1 m to 9 m range). The heated air introduced from the first injection pipe may be injected into the housing through which the raw material moves through the hole of the second injection pipe.

There is no limitation on the size of the holes. For example, the hole may have a diameter of 20 to 50 mm, 25 to 40 mm, and 25 to 32 mm. There is no limitation on the spacing between the holes. For example, the distance between the hole and the hole may be 100 ~ 1000mm.

The hole may be formed over the entire second injection pipe.

In addition, the hole may be formed in a part of the second injection pipe. Referring to FIG. 1, holes may not be formed near the inlet side of the first injection tube and the outlet side of the second injection tube.

The inlet side (heated air inlet side) of the second injection pipe may include a heat insulating material 542 of a predetermined size surrounding the pipe circumference. For example, the length of the insulation may be 1m ~ 2m. The insulation may block heat transfer by conduction of the second injection pipe.

The first injection pipe 53, the mixing unit 52, and the combustion unit 51 are sequentially connected and fixed, but the second injection pipe is connected to the first injection pipe only by introducing a nozzle of the first injection pipe. It is not fastened or fixed to each other.

A part of the injector 50 may be located outside the outlet chamber, and the other part may be extended to a predetermined section inside the housing through the outlet chamber.

1 to 4, the combustion unit 51 and the mixing unit 52 of the injector are located outside the outlet chamber 33, and the first injection tube 53 penetrates the outlet chamber to exit the housing. It can be located on the side. The second injection pipe 54 may be located extending from the outlet side of the housing to the inlet side.

The injector 50 is fixed through fixing means (bolts, etc.) to have a predetermined distance from the housing. A plurality of supports 35 may be formed in the housing to support the injectors at predetermined intervals.

The first injection pipe 53 of the pyrolysis injector 50 is fixed like a mixing part or a combustion part, but the second injection pipe 54 is coupled to the housing to be rotatable.

The second injection pipe may generate a temperature difference at the front end (the wrapped with insulation) and the rear end of the pyrolysis section so that not only pyrolysis but also drying and cooling may be simultaneously performed.

The semi-carburizing unit of the present invention discharges the wood chips introduced into the inlet chamber to the outflow chamber via the housing part, and the heated air injected into the housing by the injector is discharged to the outflow chamber through the housing.

The semi-carburizing portion of the present invention includes a semi-carburizing section (d in FIG. 2) which is a predetermined section in the housing in which the temperature is kept uniform.

The semi-carbonization section (d) is a space in the housing in which the temperature is maintained uniformly due to the heated air injected through the hole of the second injection pipe.

According to the present invention, the wood chips can be kept in the semi-carbonization section, which is a uniform temperature section, for a predetermined time, thereby mass-producing high quality bio-tea of uniform performance.

The semi-carburizing part of the present invention includes a section (drying section c) for drying a wood chip (for example, water content is 35 to 40%) at the front end of the semi-carbonization section (d).

The drying section is a section within the housing in which the temperature decreases as the distance from the hole of the second injection pipe, which is a heat source, increases.

That is, the semi-carbonized portion of the present invention may dry the wood chips moving inside the housing by using pyrolysis (half carbonization) of the wood chips and discharged heated air.

The present invention can control the moisture content of the wood chip introduced into the pyrolysis section by adjusting the length of the drying section. For example, the dry section of the semi-carbonized portion may be 1 ~ 15m.

As described above, the semi-carbonized bio-tea production system of the present invention can perform the semi-carbonization and drying in the semi-carbonization unit continuously, so that a separate drying device is not necessary and thermal efficiency can be improved.

In addition, the semi-carbonized biocar production system of the present invention can produce a semi-carbonized biocar with uniform performance even though it is a direct fire type, and also does not require a drying apparatus, a dry energy source, a drying accessory (dust collecting equipment, etc.). It is economical.

The semi-carbonization unit may be discharged to the outside by lowering the temperature of the semi-carbonized bio-car in the section (e) where the heat insulating material and the discharge chamber is located.

The cooling unit 40 cools the semi-carbonized wood chips W3 discharged from the semi-carbonization unit. The cooling unit may use a known cooling device without limitation. For example, the cooling unit 40 may include a cooling unit 41 of the double jacket and a cooler 42 for supplying cooling water to the cooling unit.

The cooled semi-carbonized wood chips W4 may be transferred to and stored in the storage unit 60.

Those skilled in the art will understand that the present invention may be implemented in a modified form without departing from the essential characteristics of the present invention. Therefore, the disclosed embodiments should be considered in descriptive sense only and not for purposes of limitation. Therefore, the scope of the present invention should not be construed as being limited to the above-described examples, but should be construed to include various embodiments within the scope of the claims and equivalents thereof.

Claims (4)

Wood chip manufacturing unit 10 for cutting the wood;
A screen unit 20 for sorting wood chips discharged from the wood chip manufacturing unit into a predetermined size range;
A semi-carbonization unit 30 for semi-carbonizing the wood chips selected by the screen unit by applying heat; And
It includes a cooling unit 40 for cooling the semi-carbonized wood chips discharged from the semi-carbonized portion,
The semi-carbonization unit 30
The housing 31 is semi-carbonized while the raw material is moved and is positioned to extend into the housing, and has a plurality of holes 501 around the pyrolysis section to inject heating air into the housing through the holes. Injector 50,
The pyrolysis injector 50
Combustion unit 51 having a burner 511 and a combustion chamber 512 in which intake air is combusted, a mixing unit 52 for mixing heated air discharged from the combustion unit with external air, and a nozzle at the end of the mixing unit A first injection pipe 53 for discharging the heated air and a tube of a predetermined length, one end of which is drawn into the nozzle of the first injection pipe and the other end of which is blocked, A second injection pipe 54 having a plurality of holes 501 perforated at predetermined intervals,
The nozzle of the first injection pipe is introduced into one end (a) of the second injection pipe, the gap of the predetermined space (A) is maintained between the inner surface of the second injection pipe and the nozzle, and the second injection pipe and The first injectors are not fastened or fixed to each other
The first injection pipe is connected and fixed to the mixing unit, the second injection pipe is rotatable,
The second injection pipe is a direct type half, characterized in that to provide a uniform temperature inside the housing adjacent to the hole by injecting the heated air introduced from the first injection pipe through the plurality of holes into the housing. Carbonized bio tea production system. The method of claim 1, wherein the semi-carbonized portion 30
An inlet chamber 32 into which the raw material is introduced and an outlet chamber 33 through which the semi-carbonized biocar is discharged,
One end of the housing is in communication with the inlet chamber and the other end is in communication with the outlet chamber,
Part of the injector (50) is located outside the outlet chamber, the other part of the direct semi-carbonized bio-car production system, characterized in that the penetrating through the outlet chamber is extended to the semi-carbonization section inside the housing.

delete delete

Images