KR102033709B1 - Apparatus for making a plastic sheet - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention is a device for producing a plastic sheet of 0.02 ~ 50mm thickness, melted and pressurized plastic material in a plastic extruder to discharge the synthetic resin melt in the form of a sheet through the T-die; The sheet-shaped synthetic resin melt enters the plastic sheet passageway inlet between the two belt surfaces of the belt presses installed so that the two rotating belts face each other at regular intervals; It is a belt press type plastic sheet manufacturing apparatus for manufacturing a plastic sheet by allowing the sheet-shaped synthetic resin melt to be contacted with two belt surfaces and moved together with the rotating belt to be cooled and then heated or cooled after cooling.

Description

Belt press plastic sheet manufacturing apparatus {Apparatus for making a plastic sheet}

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a plastic sheet manufacturing apparatus, and more particularly, to an apparatus for manufacturing high quality sheets of various thicknesses using a belt press.

Conventional manufacturing methods and apparatuses for manufacturing thin plastic sheets generally heat the molding material made of synthetic resin with thermoplastic to melt, extrude through T-die with sheet-shaped outlet, and compress / cool with roller Synthetic resin sheet is made by solidifying with desired thickness and polishing the surface. As a material for manufacturing the plastic sheet, PVC, polyethylene, polystyrene, polypropylene, soft vinyl chloride, nylon, methacryl resin, epoxy, synthetic rubber, ABS, and the like are used.

Conventional apparatuses for producing plastic sheets include an extruder for installing a screw in a cylinder case wound with a hot wire and melting and extruding the plastic introduced into the case, and a T having an outlet for discharging the melt extruded from the extruder into a sheet shape. And a plurality of cooling rollers, heating rollers and annealing rollers which are pressed and cooled to a predetermined dimension while cooling the die and the sheet-shaped molten plastic extruded from the T-die.

However, since the rollers of the conventional synthetic resin sheet manufacturing apparatus are made of cemented carbide or stainless metal, if the amount of the molten plastic compressed in the T die is larger than the extrusion amount passing through the rollers, the rollers will accumulate without passing. This makes it very difficult to produce sheets with a constant thickness.

Conventional manufacturing methods and apparatuses are difficult to manufacture thick sheets because the sheet being rolled is moved forward by the rollers, and the compression method by the roller is easily compressed after compression because it compresses only in a short time passing between the two rollers. This causes the thickness and the structure of the material not to be uniform, and the variation in quality becomes large, which remains a problem to be improved.

A device for laminating two or more sheets together with molding a synthetic resin sheet includes a T-die for discharging the melted resin in a sheet form, a sheet supply unit for supplying another sheet already in the form of a sheet, a plastic sheet drawn out from the T-die, and an existing sheet. An elastic roller and a cooling roller were made to compress the sheet between two rollers to make one sheet.

In the apparatus for manufacturing plastic sheet by the roller compaction method, the roller should be processed to have the crown value on the roller to compensate for the lateral deviations. In addition, there are many longitudinal thickness deviations of the sheet to be manufactured, and how much the crown value should be in the roller compression process remains a very difficult problem to control.

In the sheet manufacturing apparatus using the conventional roller compression method, the plastic sheet to be produced is wound on a rotating roller to receive a compressive force only at the moment of linear contact with other compression rollers, and then to be rolled on a roller to cool and move. Therefore, the degree of compression and swelling varies depending on the part, so the thickness does not become constant. As the roller rotates, the temperature of the roller surface is repeatedly transmitted to the sheet so that the temperature of the surface of the sheet does not become uniform. In other words, the temperature distribution becomes uneven and the temperature distribution changes in various forms, such that it is very difficult to uniformly maintain various process conditions affecting the quality of the product, and thus the quality of the product is inconsistent.

These conventional roller-type sheet manufacturing apparatus is difficult to control the process, the thickness deviation of the produced sheet is large, the physical properties of the sheet is not dense easily, there is a defect to tear, there was also a problem that can not produce a thick sheet.

 Therefore, research and development efforts are continued to produce high quality plastic sheets regardless of the crown value of the compression roller.

Prior art documents include: registration number 10-0821322: a device for producing a synthetic resin sheet and a roller device used therein, registration number 10-0954617: pressure roller device and plastic sheet manufacturing method of a plastic sheet manufacturing system, registration number 10-1417245 : High strength composite sheet manufacturing apparatus excellent in impregnation, high strength composite sheet manufacturing method using the same, and the like.

The present invention is to provide a method and apparatus capable of producing a high quality sheet having a smaller variation in the thickness and quality of the sheet than the plastic sheet produced by a conventional plastic manufacturing method.

In the present invention, in the process of transferring the resin extruded from the T-die in the advancing direction by pressing with a belt press while heating / cooling and progressing in a compressed state between the steel belt, forming a very stable physical properties of the plastic sheet To improve the quality of the product and to handle a large amount of production, such as the thickness variation is small, the material is very tough and not easy to be torn. will be.

The present invention is to solve the problem that the molten plastic is accumulated when manufacturing a plastic sheet by a conventional roller compression method is a lot of obstacles in the continuous process progress.

The present invention is to provide a manufacturing method and apparatus capable of producing a thick plastic sheet with a thickness of 0.02mm ~ 50mm as a homogeneous plastic sheet with little variation in thickness than the plastic sheet produced by the conventional roller cooling compression method.

The present invention provides a method and apparatus capable of producing a homogeneous plastic sheet without using a roller having a crown value, and having little variation in thickness of the sheet to be produced, and different from the plastic sheet in the sheet manufacturing process. It is intended to provide an easy method and apparatus for laminating sheets.

In the plastic sheet manufacturing method using the steel belt press of the present invention by moving the synthetic resin extruded from the T-die in a compressed state between the steel belt while pressing / heating / cooling at the same time to change the properties of the plastic sheet very stable It has several advantages, such as uniform product quality, and is intended to provide a very advantageous device and method for mass production.

The present invention is a method of manufacturing a plastic sheet, melts and presses the plastic in a plastic extruder to discharge the sheet-like synthetic resin melt through the outlet slit of the T-die, the two rotating belts face up and down at regular intervals The sheet-shaped synthetic resin melt is introduced into the plastic sheet passage inlet, which is a passage between the belt surfaces on both sides of the belt press, and the sheet-shaped synthetic resin melt is in contact with the surface of both belts. It is to provide a belt press type plastic sheet manufacturing method and manufacturing method that can obtain a plastic sheet homogeneous and has a thickness of 0.02 ~ 50mm by compressing to a predetermined thickness as it is cooled and / or heated while moving.

The present invention is installed at the rear end of the belt press, at least one of the two rollers made of an embossing roller formed with an embossed pattern, that is, the embossing roller set to face each other up and down, and the plastic sheet passing through the belt press between the embossing roller set It is intended to provide a belt press type plastic sheet manufacturing method and manufacturing method for producing an embossed plastic sheet formed by embossing pattern.

According to the present invention, the second belt press is installed at the rear end of the embossing roller set, and the embossed plastic sheet having passed through the embossing roller set is passed through the second belt press again to anneal to deform or deteriorate as the tissue becomes stable and homogeneous. It is to provide a belt press type plastic sheet manufacturing method and manufacturing method that can prevent the product to improve the quality of the product.

The present invention is to produce a plastic sheet of 0.02 ~ 50mm in thickness from very thin to very thick.

The present invention relates to a plastic sheet manufacturing apparatus using a belt press, comprising: a plastic extruder for melting and pressing plastic to extrude molten plastic; A T-die continuously discharging the extruded molten plastic in the form of a sheet; The upper and lower belts, each of which is wound around two rollers and rotated, are installed to face up and down so that the gap between the belts of the upper and lower belts facing each other becomes a plastic sheet passage, and the same or constant ratio from the entrance of the sheet passage to the end. It has a belt press with an upper belt set and a lower belt set to narrow the gap.

This belt press guides the belts that are in contact with each other to rotate on the back of the seat passages of the upper and lower belts forming the seat passages, i.e., when the surfaces of the two belts form the seat passages, respectively. And a belt press including a heating guide means for heating the belt and a cooling guide means for cooling. These guide means are installed to adjust the gap between the two belts, which is firmly installed to adjust the frame (not shown), is fixed by adjusting the gap according to the product specifications, and firmly to apply pressure to the moving seat It is fixed and has a cooling guide means and the number of heating guides to be cooled or heated. The distance between the two belts can be adjusted by moving the roller shaft that rotates the endless belt, or by installing a separate adjusting roller that changes the rotational track of the belt. The distance between seat passages should be adjusted. Surface bearings are installed at the portion where the cooling guide means and the heating guide means contact the belt, so that the belt can slide smoothly on the surface of the guide means.

At this time, it is preferable that the length of the lower belt is slightly longer than the length of the upper belt so that the molten plastic sheet discharged from the T die is easily introduced into the seat passage inlet between the belts of the belt press.

In the present invention, if the embossing roller set is installed at the rear end of the belt press and the embossed pattern is formed on the plastic sheet discharged from the belt press, the apparatus produces various sheets.

The present invention further installs a second belt press at the rear end of the first belt press so that the molten plastic sheet is continuously moved to the sheet passageway between the belts, and an embossing roller is installed between the first and second belt presses. To provide a plastic sheet manufacturing apparatus characterized in that the plastic sheet passing through the first belt press is embossed by the embossing roller, and then passes through the plastic sheet path of the second belt press again.

Plastic sheet manufacturing method and apparatus of the present invention is easier to operate than the conventional manufacturing apparatus, easy to work up the process, easy to control the process parameters, low defect rate of the product to be produced, the quality of the product There is an effect of becoming uniform.

Using the plastic sheet manufacturing method and apparatus of the present invention, it is possible to reduce the thickness variation than the sheet produced by the conventional roller compression method, from a very thin 0.02mm sheet to a very thick sheet, that is 50mm thick plastic sheet (board) Can produce.

The present invention can also produce embossed sheets of various patterns, it is possible to achieve the homogenization of the tissue in the annealing process to improve the quality of the sheet, the structure is stable, long product life.

In the present invention, when compressing the sheet to be produced can be compressed to a large area, the material structure of the sheet is homogeneous, tough and reduced defects, the surface of the product is smooth, the product life is long.

1 is a cross-sectional view for explaining the apparatus of the present invention.

1 is a view showing an embodiment of the present invention, with reference to this will be described an embodiment of the present invention.

The apparatus of the present invention for producing a plastic sheet using a belt press includes a plastic extruder, a T-die and a belt press.

In the manufacturing method and apparatus of the present invention, the plastic material is melted and pressurized by the plastic extruder 10 to extrude the molten plastic into the T die, and the T die 12 continuously discharges the extruded molten plastic in the form of a sheet, T The molten plastic sheet coming out of the die is compressed by cooling with a belt press to produce a high quality sheet having a dense structure and a uniform thickness.

The belt press of the device of the present invention includes an upper belt set and a lower belt set, wherein the rotating upper belt 20 of the upper belt set and the rotating lower belt 30 of the lower belt set face each other at regular intervals. To be installed.

The upper belt set is a state in which the upper belt 20, which is an endless belt, is wound around two rollers 21 and 22, and the roller is coupled to the driving means to control the rotation, and the upper belt is fixed by the rotation of the roller. It is configured to rotate at speed. Inside the upper belt 20, heating and cooling guide means 24 and 26 are installed at two or more places, respectively, and are fixedly coupled to a frame (not shown) so that the rotational trajectory of the upper belt is maintained at a constant position. . The heating and cooling guide means 24 and 26 have a heating device such as an electric heater to heat the upper belt, and a cooling device such as a cooling coil to cool the upper belt. The heating and cooling guide means 24 and 26 have face bearings 25 and 27 attached to the parts in contact with the upper belt, respectively, so that the friction is less as the upper belt slides well through the face bearing. It is provided with the function of contact and heating and cooling, and also to guide the upper belt to move in a constant track so as not to cause displacement such as pushing backward or moving sideways. The heating and cooling guide means may be selected such that the guide means 24 at the front end and the guide means 26 at the rear end have a function of heating or cooling separately, that is, the guide means arranged at the front end has a heating function. If set, the guide means arranged at the rear end may be set to have a cooling function, or vice versa.

Like the upper belt set, the lower belt set is a state in which the lower belt 30, which is an endless belt, is wound around the two rollers 31 and 32, and the roller is coupled to the driving means to control the rotation. By the lower belt is configured to rotate together at a constant speed, that is, the same speed as the upper belt. Inside the lower belt 30 is fixedly coupled to the frame (not shown) in order to maintain the rotational trajectory of the lower belt in a constant position. The heating and cooling guide means 34 and 36 have a heating device such as an electric heater to heat the lower belt, and a cooling device such as a cooling coil to cool the lower belt, and the heating and cooling guide means 34, 36) has a surface bearing (35, 37) is attached to the lower belt in contact with each other so that the lower belt is heated and cooled through the surface bearing when the rotation, and also to guide the lower belt to move in a constant track Do it. Here, the heating and cooling guide means 34 and 36 can be operated by selecting the heating and cooling functions, and the guide means arranged at the rear end if the guide means 34 disposed at the front end is set to have a heating function. 36 may be set to have a cooling function, or vice versa. Each of these function settings can be selected and used, so the temperature settings can be changed according to the thickness, material, and work content of the final plastic sheet.

The upper belt set and the lower belt set are combined with the frame to form a belt press, that is, the upper belt set and the lower belt set are connected to the frame so as to face up and down, and the gap between the upper belt and the lower belt is Since it is a passage of the plastic sheet, an adjusting device is provided to precisely control the gap. That is, the passage of the plastic sheet can be set to be the same or the interval is narrowed or widened at a constant rate from the inlet to the outlet, for example for this setting can be adjusted by moving the position of the support shaft of the upper and lower rollers from the frame up and down, respectively It can be implemented by adjusting the position of the upper belt set and the lower belt set.

This belt press guides the belts that are in contact with each other to rotate on the back of the seat passages of the upper and lower belts forming the seat passages, i.e., when the surfaces of the two belts form the seat passages, respectively. And heating guide means for heating the belt and cooling guide means for cooling.

These guide means are rigidly installed in the frame to adjust the gap between the two belts, fixed to adjust the gap according to the product specifications, firmly fixed to pressurize the moving plastic sheet, and cooled or heated. To have a cooling device and a heating device.

Surface bearings are installed at the portions where the cooling guide means and the heating guide means and the upper and lower belts are contacted to allow the upper and lower belts to smoothly move the guide means.

In order for the molten plastic discharged from the T die to be easily introduced into the seat passage inlet between the belts of the belt press, it is preferable to make the lower belt length slightly longer than the upper belt length as shown.

In the present invention, it is possible to produce a variety of sheets by installing an embossing roller set at the rear end of the belt press and the embossed pattern is formed on the plastic sheet discharged from the belt press.

In addition, by installing a second belt press at the rear end of the embossing roller set, by adding the function of heat-treating the plastic sheet discharged from the front belt press or the embossed pattern formed plastic sheet to further improve the quality of the produced sheet, It can be used as a production device.

In the method for manufacturing a plastic sheet according to the present invention, the plastic material is melted and pressed in an extruder, and the synthetic resin melt in the form of a sheet is discharged through the outlet of the T-die. Compression and cooling between the lower belts includes a manufacturing process that can produce a sheet having a thickness of 0.02 ~ 50㎜.

In this manufacturing method, the synthetic resin melt in the form of a sheet discharged from the T-die is introduced into a first belt press of the present invention to produce a sheet having a predetermined dimension.

When the sheet-type plastic melt discharged from the T-die enters the plastic sheet passage entrance, it moves with the belt conveyor and gradually changes to solid as it cools down to the temperature of the upper and lower belts. Received and compressed. In this compressed state, it is gradually cooled and manufactured into a plastic sheet (called a first step).

In order to further improve the quality of the plastic sheet, the plastic sheet which has undergone the first process is successively inputted to the second belt press to adjust the gap between the sheet passages, and to undergo an annealing process of heating and cooling, thereby improving the physical properties of the plastic sheet. Harden. Heat-treat the plastic molecules so that they are well-ordered and stabilized, and compress them under high pressure to make the sheet tough and thin (called the second process).

When the sheet discharged from the first process passes through the embossing roller set, the embossed pattern is formed on the plastic sheet, and the plastic sheet with the embossed pattern is input to the second belt press to undergo an annealing process of heating and cooling. The pattern is not easily loosened, and the material structure of the plastic sheet can be solidified, thereby strengthening the properties of the plastic material. At this time, in order to maintain the shape of the embossed pattern, by adjusting the compressive force of the second belt press, the process may be adjusted experimentally so that the pattern of the finished product is in the best state.

That is, in the case of the plastic sheet formed with embossed pattern, the mechanical deformation is applied to the plastic sheet, so that it is necessary to stabilize the physical deformation by heat treatment. For this purpose, annealing in the second belt press is finally performed. Improve the quality of embossed plastic sheet products.

Subsequent processes may be commercialized by adding processes such as printing, cutting, packaging, etc. for commercialization in a conventional manner.

When manufacturing the sheet by the method of the present invention, it is possible to produce a sheet thickness of 0.02mm ~ 50mm, in order to manufacture a sheet having a thickness of 0.02mm, the first compression press in the first belt press is passed through the second belt press again By heating, compressing, and cooling, the plastic molecular tissues are thermally stabilized and compressed and cooled so that they can be more orderly, denser, thinner and tougher to tear. In the present invention, this process may be added or omitted depending on the specifications of the product to be produced. This process can be performed in the second belt press to increase the production efficiency and increase the efficiency of the equipment. The embossing rollers are operated only when the embossing forming process is required, otherwise the two rollers are spaced apart so as not to affect the progress of the sheet.

10 plastic extruder 12 T die
20,50: Upper belt 30,60: Lower belt
21,22,31,32,51,52,61,62: roller 40,42: embossing roller
24, 34, 54, 64: heating guide means 26, 36, 56, 66: cooling guide means
25,27,35,37,55,57,65,67: Face bearing 70: Molten plastic sheet
70 ': Plastic Sheet

Claims (7)

delete delete delete delete A plastic extruder (10) for extruding molten plastic by melting and pressing the plastic;
T die 12 for discharging the extruded molten plastic in the form of a sheet;
A first belt press configured to press and cool the discharged molten plastic sheet after heating or to compress and heat the cooling molten plastic sheet;
An embossing roller set in which at least one roller is embossed to form an embossed pattern on the plastic sheet discharged from the first belt press; And
And a second belt press for pressing the embossed plastic sheet and heat-cooling and annealing the sheet.
The first belt press and the second belt press,
Upper and lower belts 20 and 30 that are rotated by two rollers 21 and 22 and 31 and 32, respectively, and are installed to face up and down at regular intervals to form passages of the plastic sheet;
Heating and cooling guide means (24, 34, 54, 64) (26, 36) installed to be in contact with the inner side surfaces of the upper and lower belts and guide the upper and lower belts to rotate in a constant trajectory, and then heat or cool after heating. , 56,66);
Surface bearings (25, 27, 35, 37, 55, 57, installed in the contact area between the upper and lower belts and the heating and cooling guide means to apply pressure to the plastic sheet and to smoothly move the upper and lower belts). 65,67);
The passage of the plastic sheet is a belt press plastic sheet manufacturing apparatus, characterized in that the gap is formed so as to become smaller at a constant ratio from the inlet toward the outlet. delete delete

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