KR102003382B1 - seismic motion recording apparatu capable of real time discrimination and early warning and the method for discriminating seismic motion ohereof - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a seismic motion recording apparatus provided with real-time earthquake discrimination and early warning functions and a seismic motion discrimination method used for the same, wherein the apparatus is installed in a building or a periphery thereof to sense P-waves of the seismic motion in real-time, to warn of an earthquake occurrence at an early stage based thereon and to be capable of taking necessary measures. According to one aspect of the present invention, provided is a real-time earthquake discrimination and early warning method of a seismic motion recording apparatus comprising: a step (a) of converting an acceleration signal, sensed by a three-axial acceleration sensor installed at a control target object, into digital acceleration data and collecting the digital acceleration data; a step (b) of estimating whether the P-waves reach or not by the ratio of a relative short-term average to a relative long-term average with respect to vertical acceleration data; a step (c) of estimating P-wave arrival time in a vertical acceleration data sample used in calculation of the relative short-term average when the P-waves are estimated to reach in step (b); and a step (d) of discriminating whether the P-waves estimated in step (b) are the seismic motion based on a change rate of the vertical acceleration data for a set time after the P-wave arrival time estimated in step (c) and, in the case of seismic motion, outputting a warning.

Description

Technical Field [0001] The present invention relates to a seismic recording apparatus having a real-time earthquake discrimination and an early warning function, and a seismic motion recording apparatus capable of discriminating seismic motion,

The present invention relates to a seismic vibration recording apparatus having a real-time earthquake discrimination and early warning function, and a method of discriminating earthquake-induced vibration used thereon. More particularly, the present invention relates to an earthquake- The present invention relates to a seismic vibration recording apparatus having a real-time earthquake discrimination and early warning function for alarming occurrence of an earthquake and taking necessary measures, and a method for discriminating earthquake-induced motions used therefor.

Korea is located within a relatively stable tectonic plate, but due to the recent earthquake of the East Japan Earthquake, a mid - scale earthquake of 5.0 or more has frequently occurred in the Richter seismic system, such as the Gyeongju and Pohang earthquake.

In order to minimize damage to life and property caused by earthquakes, it is very important to identify the occurrence of an earthquake early, to alert it, and to take necessary measures as soon as possible.

As is well known, earthquakes are classified into primary wave and secondary wave. The P wave is a seismic wave accompanied with vertical vibration, which is about twice as fast as the S wave with horizontal vibration. (S waves: 3 to 4 km / s, P waves: 7 to 8 km / s). Also, most of the damage is caused by the S waves because the amplitude of the S waves is much larger than the vertical P waves.

Therefore, it is possible to reduce the damage caused by the earthquake by quickly detecting the P wave and minimizing the lag time and broadcasting or alarming it so that people can be aware of the occurrence of the earthquake before reaching the S wave. In general, studies have shown that if an earthquake can be recognized 10 seconds before the S wave arrives, it can reduce 90% of deaths.

In order to detect the P wave quickly and let people know that the S wave arrives soon, a high performance seismic recorder is required along with a high performance acceleration sensor. It is necessary that the vibration generated is a general vibration (Hereinafter referred to as " earthquake-induced vibration "). In order to satisfy these requirements and to reduce earthquake misreading, an algorithm for discriminating general vibration and earthquake motion should be performed in a seismic recorder.

However, according to the conventional seismic warning system, the earthquake-resistant recorder A / D-converts the signal measured by the acceleration sensor, processes the signal, transmits the signal to the central server, and determines whether the vibration generated by the central server is a general vibration or an earthquake It is necessary to perform alarm and necessary action, so that a time delay due to data transmission between the earthquake-resistant recorder and the central server necessarily occurs, and the early warning is delayed by the delay time.

Prior Art 1: 10-1208625 Patent Document 1: System and method for shortening data transmission delay time of a spherical earthquake recorder for early warning of earthquake Prior Art 2: 10-1227443 Registered patent publication (name of invention: system and method for generating parameter for early warning of earthquake) Prior Art 3: 10-1333002 (Patent Title: Early warning system and method for railway earthquake)

The present invention has been made to solve the above-described problems, and it is an object of the present invention to provide a real time earthquake- And an object of the present invention is to provide a earthquake-resistant recording apparatus having an earthquake discrimination and an early warning function and a method of discriminating earthquake-induced motions used therefor.

According to a first aspect of the present invention, there is provided an acceleration sensor comprising: an A / D converter for converting an acceleration signal of an analog type measured from a three-axis acceleration sensor installed in a control object into acceleration data of digital form; A GPS receiver receiving standard time information from a GPS satellite; A recording medium storing acceleration data; A communication unit for performing communication with the external interlocking system, and a controller for storing the acceleration data received from the A / D converter in a recording medium at a predetermined time period, analyzing the vertical acceleration data to determine whether or not a vibration has occurred, And a central control unit for outputting an alarm through the communication unit when it is determined that the earthquake has occurred.

The central control unit estimates the arrival of the P wave by the ratio of the relative short period average value to the vertical direction acceleration data and the relative long period average value and determines whether or not the P wave arrives at the P wave arrival time based on the rate of change of the vertical direction acceleration data Determine whether earthquake vibration occurs or not.

The central control section determines whether or not the earthquake has ended based on the ratio of the horizontal direction speed data obtained by integrating the horizontal direction acceleration data to the vertical direction speed data obtained by integrating the vertical direction acceleration data.

According to a second aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method for controlling a three-axis acceleration sensor, comprising: (a) converting an acceleration signal sensed by a three-axis acceleration sensor installed in a control object into digital acceleration data and collecting the acceleration signal; (B) estimating whether the P wave is reached by the ratio of the relative short period average value to the relative short period average value with respect to the vertical acceleration data; (C) estimating the P wave arrival time in the vertical acceleration data sample used for the calculation of the relative short period average value when the P wave is estimated to have arrived at the step (b); and (c) (D) outputting an alarm if the P wave estimated in the step (b) is a seismic fluctuation based on the rate of change of the vertical direction acceleration data for a predetermined time after the estimated P wave arrival time, There is provided a real-time earthquake discrimination and early warning method of a vibration-isolating recording apparatus including a step

In the second aspect, the P wave arrival time is estimated by comparing the moving average value of a predetermined number of vertical direction vibration data samples obtained by sequentially a moving average of one sample with the moving average value in the immediately preceding sample .

In the second aspect, the rate of change of the acceleration data is a rate of change of the state converted to the log scale.

The method further comprises the step of determining whether the earthquake has ended based on the ratio between the horizontal direction speed data obtained by integrating the horizontal direction acceleration data and the vertical direction speed data obtained by integrating the vertical direction acceleration data.

In the second feature, the acceleration data is collected from the two three-axis acceleration sensors installed in the control object in the step (a), and the acceleration data from one acceleration sensor is performed up to the step (b) The acceleration data from the remaining one acceleration sensor is performed up to the step (d) to ignore the vibration even if it is determined that there is a vibration.

According to the earthquake-resistant recording apparatus having the real-time earthquake discrimination and early warning function and the earthquake-motion discrimination method used therein, the earthquake-resistant recording apparatus can be installed in a large- Based on this, it is possible to minimize the loss of lives and property in the event of an earthquake, where the initial response is most important by early warning of the earthquake occurrence and taking necessary measures.

For example, earthquake information judged in real time by the earthquake-resistant recording apparatus through a network connected to the earthquake-resistant recording apparatus of the present invention is transmitted to an on-site broadcasting apparatus, a home network server, an elevator controller, a gas controller, Can be minimized.

In addition, when an earthquake occurs, each household can recognize the occurrence of an earthquake through broadcasts by the internal broadcasting device and the wall pad. Especially, since the evacuation method according to the intensity of the earthquake can be understood through the pad, Minimal damage to people and property can be achieved.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a seismic vibration recording apparatus having a real-time earthquake discrimination and early warning function according to the present invention and its interlocking system.
FIG. 2 is a graphical representation of an earthquake-resistant recording apparatus having a real-time earthquake discrimination and early warning function and an interlocking system thereof according to the present invention.
3 is a flowchart illustrating a method of discriminating earthquake-induced vibrations used in a seismic vibration recording apparatus having a real-time earthquake discrimination and early warning function according to the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a graph showing an exemplary general vibration pattern. FIG.
5 is a graph showing an example of a ground motion pattern.
6 is a graph showing an exemplary vibration pattern of each axis of a three-axis acceleration sensor according to the present invention.
FIG. 7 is a graph showing an H / V and V / H example used to determine an earthquake end point in a earthquake-resistant recording apparatus having a real-time earthquake discrimination and early warning function according to the present invention.
FIG. 8 is a structural view of a P-wave data packet used in a earthquake-resistant recording apparatus having a real-time earthquake discrimination and early warning function according to the present invention.

Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the earthquake-resistant recording apparatus having a real-time earthquake discrimination and early warning function and the earthquake-induced dynamic discrimination method used therein will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a seismic vibration recording apparatus and an interlocking system thereof having a real time earthquake discrimination and early warning function according to the present invention. FIG. 2 is a block diagram of a seismic vibration recording apparatus having a real time earthquake discrimination and early warning function, It is a graphical representation of the interlocking system in an easy to understand manner.

As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the earthquake-resistant recording apparatus 200 having the real-time earthquake discrimination and early warning function according to the present invention is largely installed in a control object, for example, An A / D converter 220 for converting an analog acceleration signal measured from the acceleration sensor 100 into digital data, a GPS receiver 210 for receiving standard time information from a GPS satellite to maintain accurate time synchronization, The acceleration data received from the communication unit 250 and the A / D converter 220, which communicate with the external interlocking system, for example, the control center 300, And a central control unit (CPU) 230 for judging whether or not the earthquake-induced vibration, particularly the P-wave, is generated and outputting an alarm through the communication unit 250 when it is determined that the earthquake- It may be the lure.

In the above-described configuration, the acceleration sensor 100 can be implemented as an acceleration sensor such as an FBA (Force Balanced Accelerometer) for sensing accelerations in three axial directions, for example, X axis, Y axis and Z axis. Depending on the characteristics, more than one can be installed. For example, in the case of an apartment, one can be installed in the lowest underground parking lot, and one more in the free space, that is, on the ground.

The A / D converter 220 is provided in a one-to-one correspondence with the acceleration sensor 100, and can be implemented, for example, with a resolution of 32 bits and a dynamic range of 130 dB or more.

The recording medium 240 may be implemented as a large-capacity solid state drive (SSD), which may include an appropriate number of samples every second, for example, acceleration data of 100 samples per second (SPS) Can be stored. In this manner, if the acceleration data is accumulated and the storage capacity is full, the acceleration data recorded first may be sequentially deleted. The communication unit 250 may include an Internet communication such as a wireless LAN or a wired LAN or a serial communication interface such as a USB.

The central control unit 230 may be implemented as a CPU using Linux as an OS. The central control unit 230 includes a high pass filter and a low pass filter that remove DC components included in the acceleration data of 100SPS input through the A / D converter 220 And a function of detecting the vibration of the generated vibration every second.

Next, the interlocking system is connected to the earthquake-resistant recording apparatus 200 via the elevator controller, the gas valve controller or the door controller and the wired / wireless LAN, which are various safety devices 320 of the control object 320, And a control center server 310 that receives the P-wave data packet and manages the control object. The control center server 310 can also generate an alarm through the speaker of the monthly pad 340 or the public broadcasting system provided in each household of the apartment or broadcast evacuation instructions according to the earthquake intensity, By sending SNS or SMS by number and generating an alarm, damage caused by earthquake can be minimized.

FIG. 3 is a flowchart for explaining a method of discriminating earthquake-induced vibrations used in a earthquake-resistant recording apparatus having a real-time earthquake discrimination and early warning function according to the present invention. The central controller 230 can be performed as a main body. First, the acceleration sensor 100 installed in the control object senses the acceleration signal in real time and then transmits it to the earthquake-resistant recording device. The acceleration signal thus transmitted is converted into digital data via the A / D converter 220, (Step S10), and then is stored in the recording medium 240. [

Next, the central controller 230 performs various filtering such as high pass filtering or low pass filtering on the acceleration data thus inputted to remove the DC component or the noise component, and then the vertical direction, that is, the Z axis acceleration data, (Step S20). ≪ / RTI >

Here, the STA (Short Term Average) may be a one-second average value of a predetermined number of acceleration data samples, for example, 100SPS, and the LTA (Long Term Average) may be, for example, And the time range of these values may be appropriately increased or decreased.

Next, the central control unit 230 determines whether the STA / LTA exceeds a predetermined reference value, for example, between 3 and 5, and this reference value may also be increased or decreased. The fact that STA / LTA exceeded the standard value indicates that a vibration greater than usual suddenly occurred, whether it is vibration caused by general vibration, for example, blasting work of construction site, or earthquake vibration. Will be.

As a result of the determination in step S30, if STA / LTA is less than or equal to the reference value, there is no other abnormality. Therefore, the process returns to step S10. On the other hand, if the STA / LTA exceeds the reference value, sudden large vibration occurs. The arrival time of the P wave is estimated in step S40.

The estimation of the P wave arrival time can be performed by using a predetermined number of vertical direction (Z-axis) acceleration data samples, for example, for the 100 samples used in the STA calculation in step S30, When the value obtained by dividing the average value of 100 samples up to the sample in order exceeds the predetermined P wave discrimination reference value, the corresponding sample time is estimated as the P wave arrival time. Here, since 100SPS corresponds to a resolution of 0.01 second, according to the present embodiment, the P wave arrival time can be estimated with an accuracy of 0.01 second. Next, in step S50, it is determined whether or not an earthquake has occurred based on the rate of change of the acceleration data after the P wave arrival time.

That is, a predetermined number of samples, for example, 50 Z-axis acceleration data samples (data samples corresponding to 0.5 second intervals) are converted to a log scale including acceleration data samples corresponding to P wave arrival points , The earthquake is detected by the vibration generated by the earthquake amplification ratio b, which is calculated by fitting it to the linear (y = a + b * x) again. Here, the reason for converting to the logarithmic scale is that the magnitude (acceleration) increases exponentially in case of earthquake motion. On the other hand, the number of data samples used to determine whether or not the earthquake vibration can be appropriately increased or decreased in 50 cases.

FIG. 4 is a graph showing an example of a general vibration pattern, and FIG. 5 is a graph showing an example of a vibration and vibration pattern. The vertical axis represents acceleration (absolute value) in the vertical (Z axis) direction expressed by logarithmic scale, It represents time. First, as shown in Fig. 4, in the case of ordinary vibration, the magnitude of the acceleration fluctuates within a certain range. On the other hand, in the case of the earthquake vibration, at a certain time point, that is, the P wave arrival point (constant a in the above formula) For example, 0.5 seconds. In the present invention, however, it is determined whether or not the vibration is caused by the vibration.

Returning to FIG. 3, in step S60, it is determined whether or not an earthquake has occurred. In the case of non-earthquake vibration, that is, in the case of normal vibration, the process returns to step S10. On the other hand, do. Here, as described later, velocity data obtained by integrating the acceleration data obtained by the three-axis acceleration sensor is used to determine whether or not the earthquake-induced vibration has ended.

FIG. 6 is a graph showing an exemplary vibration pattern of each axis of a three-axis acceleration sensor according to the present invention. 6, the vertical axis represents the velocity (Kine = cm / sec) and the horizontal axis represents the time in the sample unit. The horizontal axis represents the time from north to south (NS), from east to west (EW) Represents a vibration pattern.

)로 주어질 수 있다. 도 7의 위에 있는 H/V 그래프에서 H/V가 소정 기준치, 예를 들어 1이하로 떨어지는 시점(아래의 V/H 그래프에서는 그 반대)이 지진동이 끝나는 시점으로 정해질 수 있다.7 is an exemplary graph of H / V and V / H used to determine an earthquake end time in a seismic recording device having a real-time earthquake discrimination and early warning function according to the present invention. As shown in FIG. 7, the H / V graph and the V / H graph are generated based on the velocity data shown in FIG. 6. The velocity in the horizontal direction H corresponds to the magnitude of the vector sum of the north-

). ≪ / RTI > The time point when the H / V falls to a predetermined reference value, for example, 1 or less (in the following V / H graph), in the H / V graph in the upper part of FIG.

Finally, in step S80, seismic alert data (hereinafter referred to as 'P-wave data packet') having a predetermined packet data structure is generated and transmitted to a designated IP, for example, the control center server 310.

8 is a structural diagram of a P-wave data packet used in a seismic recording apparatus having a real-time earthquake discrimination and early warning function according to the present invention. As shown in FIG. 8, the P-wave data packet of the present invention can be largely composed of a header, a type, and a body. The header can be given as a fixed value of 8 bytes, for example "00000085 ", and the type can also be given as a fixed value of 'PWAVE'.

On the other hand, the body includes a network code and a station code of a vibration damping recorder having a size of 2 bytes and a size of 3 bytes, a 1 byte size alarm Code (normal = F, vibration = T, earthquake = S, earthquake release = E) and a progress and rate code of 2 bytes and 7 bytes, respectively.

While the present invention has been particularly shown and described with reference to exemplary embodiments thereof, it is to be understood that the invention is not limited to the disclosed exemplary embodiments. Various modifications and alterations within the scope of the idea may be possible. Accordingly, the scope of the present invention should be defined by the following claims.

For example, in the above-described embodiment, if STA / LTA is equal to or lower than the reference value in step S30 or is not a seismic vibration in step S60, the process returns to step S10. However, Information to the specified IP, that is, the control center server 310, as it is. In this case, the control center server 310 may analyze the received P wave packet data and determine whether an alarm is generated or not.

Meanwhile, in order to prevent erroneous operation when two acceleration sensors are employed, the detection signal from one acceleration sensor is performed up to step S70, while the detection signal from the other one acceleration sensor is performed only up to step S30 If the STA / LTA is less than the reference value, it may be determined that the earthquake-induced vibration does not occur even if the result of step S70 is discriminated that the earthquake has occurred.

100: acceleration sensor, 200: vibration-damping recording device,
210: GPS receiver, 220: A / D converter,
230: central control unit (CPU), 240: recording medium,
250: communication unit, 300: interlocking system,
310: control center server, 320: various safety devices,
330: SNS / SMS sending means, 340: month pad

Claims (8)

delete An A / D converter for converting an analog type acceleration signal measured from a three-axis acceleration sensor installed in the control object into at least one acceleration data into digital acceleration data;
A GPS receiver receiving standard time information from a GPS satellite;
A recording medium storing acceleration data;
A communication unit for performing communication with the external interlocking system;
The acceleration data received from the A / D converter is stored in the recording medium at a predetermined time period, and the vertical direction acceleration data is analyzed to determine whether or not the P wave is generated. When it is determined that the P wave is generated, And a central control unit,
The central control unit estimates the arrival of the P wave by the ratio of the relative short period average value and the relative long period average value to the vertical direction acceleration data and determines whether or not the P wave arrival is detected based on the rate of change of the vertical direction acceleration data for a predetermined time period after the P wave arrival time And the earthquake-induced vibration is detected. The method of claim 2,
Wherein the central control unit determines whether or not an earthquake has ended based on the ratio of the horizontal direction speed data obtained by integrating the horizontal direction acceleration data to the vertical direction speed data obtained by integrating the vertical direction acceleration data, Earthquake-resistant recording apparatus having an alarm function. (A) converting an acceleration signal sensed by a three-axis acceleration sensor installed in a control object into digital acceleration data and collecting the acceleration signal;
(B) estimating whether the P wave is reached by the ratio of the relative short period average value to the relative short period average value with respect to the vertical acceleration data;
(C) estimating a P wave arrival time in the vertical acceleration data sample used for calculating the relative short period average value when the P wave is estimated to have arrived at the step (b); and
If it is determined that the P wave estimated in the step (b) is an earthquake is based on the rate of change of the vertical acceleration data for a predetermined time after the P wave arrival time estimated in the step (c) (D) for outputting a real-time earthquake discrimination signal and an early warning signal. The method of claim 4,
Wherein the estimation of the P wave arrival time is performed by a result of comparing a moving average value of a predetermined number of vertical direction vibration data samples obtained by sequentially a moving average of one sample with a moving average value in a previous sample, Real - time earthquake discrimination and early warning method of recorder. The method of claim 4,
Wherein the rate of change of the acceleration data is a rate of change of the state converted to a logarithmic scale. The method of claim 4,
Further comprising the step of determining whether or not an earthquake has ended based on the ratio of the horizontal direction speed data obtained by integrating the horizontal direction acceleration data and the vertical direction speed data obtained by integrating the vertical direction acceleration data, Earthquake discrimination and early warning method. The method according to any one of claims 4 to 7,
In the step (a), acceleration data is collected from two three-axis acceleration sensors installed on a control object, and acceleration data from one acceleration sensor is performed up to step (b) And the acceleration data from the remaining one acceleration sensor is performed up to the step (d) so that even if it is determined that there is a ground vibration, it is ignored, and the real time earthquake discrimination and early warning method of the earthquake-based vibration recording device.

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